////////////////////// BOOTHS RADIX 4 MULTIPLIER /////////////////////////////--- ***********************************************************************

-- FileName: booth_mult.vhd
-- FPGA: Lattice MACHXO2-1200ZE
-- IDE: Lattice Diamond ver 2.0.1
--- HDL IS PROVIDED "AS IS." DIGI-KEY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY
-- WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
-- LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
-- PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGI-KEY
-- BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-- DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA, HARM TO YOUR EQUIPMENT, COST OF
-- PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY OR SERVICES, ANY CLAIMS
-- BY THIRD PARTIES (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY DEFENSE THEREOF),
-- ANY CLAIMS FOR INDEMNITY OR CONTRIBUTION, OR OTHER SIMILAR COSTS.
-- DIGI-KEY ALSO DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY FOR PATENT OR COPYRIGHT
-- INFRINGEMENT.
--- Version History
-- Version 1.0 19/11/2012 Tony Storey
-- Initial Public Release

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_SIGNED.ALL;

entity booth_mult is
Generic(
W : integer := 18 -- specify mulitiplier width; must be even value
);
port(
clk

: in std_logic;

start
n_reset

: in std_logic;
: in std_logic;

mcand

: in std_logic_vector(W-1 downto 0);

mplier

: in std_logic_vector(W-1 downto 0);

done

: out std_logic;

product

: out std_logic_vector(2*W-1 downto 0)

);
end booth_mult;

architecture arch of booth_mult is

type state_type is(IDLE, BUSY);
attribute ENUM_ENCODING

: string;
-- used for explicit state machine encoding

attribute ENUM_ENCODING of state_type

: type is "01 10";

signal state_reg, state_next

: state_type;
signal q_reg, q_next
: unsigned(6 downto 0);
signal mcand_reg
: std_logic_vector(W-1 downto 0);
--registers for the multiplicand
signal prod_reg, prod_next
: std_logic_vector(2*W downto 0);
signal result_reg, result_next
std_logic_vector(2*W downto 0);
shift

:
-- this holds the result before

signal q_add, q_reset

: std_logic;

begin
sync_update :
process(clk, n_reset)
incriments sequential logic on rising clock edges

-- process to

begin
if rising_edge(clk) then
if n_reset = '0' then
state_reg <= IDLE;
q_reg <= (others => '0');
prod_reg <= (others => '0');
else
q_reg <= q_next;
state_reg <= state_next;
prod_reg <= prod_next(2*W) & prod_next(2*W downto 1);
-- shift prod register each time

result_reg <= prod_next;

end if;
end if;
end process;

control_logic :
process(state_reg, q_reg, result_reg, start, prod_reg, mplier, mcand )
begin
-- init signals and no reg update
q_add <= '0';
q_reset <= '0';
done <= '0';
state_next <= state_reg ;
prod_next <= prod_reg ;
result_next <= result_reg;
case state_reg is
when IDLE =>
if (start = '1') then -- load numbers to multiply
mcand_reg <= mcand;
prod_next(2*W downto W+1) <= (others =>
'0'); -- fill prod_next reg with [0000...0000(mplier)0]
prod_next(W downto 1) <= mplier;
prod_next(0) <= '0';
state_next <= BUSY;
end if;

when BUSY =>

q_add <= '1';
if (q_reg = '0' & conv_unsigned(W, 7)(6 downto 1)
and start /= '1') then -- after W/2 clock cycles multiplication is done
product <= prod_next(2*W) &
prod_next(2*W downto 2);
done <= '1' ;
q_add <= '0';
q_reset <= '1';
state_next <= IDLE;
end if;
-- Booth Decoding and operation
case result_reg(2 downto 0) is
when "001" | "010" =>

-- Add Mcand

prod_next <= ((prod_reg(2*W) &

prod_reg(2*W downto W+1)) + (mcand_reg(W - 1) & mcand_reg)) & prod_reg(W
downto 1);
when "011" =>
-- Add 2*Mcand
prod_next <= ((prod_reg(2*W) &
prod_reg(2*W downto W+1)) + (mcand_reg & '0' )) & prod_reg(W downto 1);
when "100" =>
-- Subtract 2*Mcand
prod_next <= ((prod_reg(2*W) &
prod_reg(2*W downto W+1)) - (mcand_reg & '0' )) & prod_reg(W downto 1);
when "101" | "110" =>

-- Subtract Mcand

prod_next <= ((prod_reg(2*W) &

prod_reg(2*W downto W+1)) - (mcand_reg(W - 1) & mcand_reg)) & prod_reg(W
downto 1); -- 2xMcand
when others =>
shift

-- Just

prod_next <= prod_reg(2*W) &

prod_reg(2*W downto 1);
end case;

end case;

end process;

-- timer/counter for timed logic

q_next <= (others => '0') when q_reset = '1' else
if q_reset is 1
q_reg + 1 when q_add = '1' else
-- increment q_reg by 1 if q_add is 1
q_reg;

end arch;

-- reset q_next to bottom