Sogealpotena seem almost admirable when you look at some ofthe alternatives ‘Nong te Yanomao of South Americ, oe oust sta or + proces, he can participate in the abuction and gag rape of women from tha ilge so muck the te I i we eo lee hin of oundig rly moar Tmaome meer rbenneihborboos, vac ave ley grown oe "Young men who kl expect tt leet wie the ck of young wen howe opinions they ea ‘We reno blank slates sx me bavi nce aie, We ae ‘duowiy, subdued. And a primary reson for this tenuous optimism the abe ely with which nas ought: We rl linet (Chaptes 13: DECEPTION AND SELF-DECEPTION What wretched doing come fom the ede of fee: he lee of mh ne woud never mb one mc ach sotber bal Nasu selstionsdshn fr she pipe of tly evidene. Some fal en the peas Pho ‘hating flash offre in the genus Phos and then, ving ‘Ces Photos mas et him, Some orchids look gute ike ena Fallen. Some harmless sakes Rave evolved the clan of os ‘Shsimaker ating undeserved respec. Some bute pupa a 0 tncanytesemblace os sna’ bad —ake seas fake yea ‘Feheed ur ring around menacing. In th tay preset chee whatever kn th men ti People appest to be 9 easeption, Inthe te 19805 and ea Sir wth book call The Prenton of Seif n eerylay Lf ‘ich stewed how much ne weal spendnulence or another, sing for fl. Bu shee i x die ‘Whee the fomle Phar presumay, ander nos is toe Hen, human beings aves 93 of geting taken in by ‘he acs Sometime Golman marveled prin winery com inc thatthe impression of reality hich he sages the el "What madeen Darwinism brings to Gof’ observation among oer tings they abou the fae of he contin edaedve ours in ondetodeeveobes borer. Thr bypothers Srstosed ut dig the mi 197s by bk Richard Alexander an Rober Trivers his foreword to Richard Dawkins The Ss ‘Gee, Tiers noed Dakin’ empha om the vole of decepion in imal le sd addin a mech ced puss sha inded "dee Peecton to spt deception sod hte on, to elt for {peso ell-dcption, rendtingvome foe and motives neon ‘eos so as nto bray by the tb sign fat nowlege— the deception Being, praise.” Thus, Tver ventured “the pode evermore acer age of th work usb ¥ery nave Siew of mental colton Tr should some a1 mo vrpie tha he say of sl deecpion makes for mulky sence’ "Aware ein with ll dened nl porous bord. The eath, ceria npc of ay ost in recon confirm tha wmeoneiwhaly ‘dsc, Andeven sam ‘Nios slcdeepion another question akopter ete for: Imation somes inthe mind locked frm consciousness by ‘Shor devgned for that fanson? Or i he person ost alo ake ore ofthe iformain inthe is pas? I ao, thatslecive Persson il esl of specie evlationy de [ccpion? Or mre genial vefcon af fc tha te id il nly so mach inermaion 2 the sono ind een len? Sh fics of analy ae one reaom the scence Teves Sone swe decaer ago" rgoows soy of eli deception, which nigh ly yield a serps of he ucanaious nha ot ove ‘Sil she intervening yes have ened wo vata the di of Dewkin’s and Tiers and Alvaner'® meddvew: our acute epson of ety 10 oes ad, omens, (0 ourves— 8 0 High om rl selon se of prise. Theme pain bps ‘map the erin of human dxrpon so eldecption, women may molead ech oter-and eve, i he proce th ‘hes abou the likely endurnce of ther commitment or about Shir ely fey, "Thace etm cter large rea in wich the preset of sel ane percpsion other, ha ret Darwin Consequence expr alum a acl erry. Here a ith ‘eu honey cn be major nde, fit reciprocal alae a retil hcrarchy my togetberbe responsible or ow of be kon ‘Sy in our sposer--whch intr scours for 3 god pat of the ‘Thonesy the anima king Weare rom the oly dbo “pave but wear ely them done, oni because we do theme ling People don't sok sus prs. They don char tei desired ‘eet and pore ias mtb 0 eld general proses 4 ‘Ter Wa olay, some do, Maybe lf we do Somes. Bu he [ors for sau ato ba mare fly it he pyche: People in Scare, whee hey ally ree no, wane to wow hi teighbor, wo ei cel eee, The thins for approval appears ely in ile. Darwin hal ey toemorc of impressing pope wih is ree-climbing sl ‘My spose amie wa olf Peer Hes the belay, 8 she tee te Mountain Ach ow the lw. The the sd ft sin tari bes son a ag vandal eae") torical and wan upious ht he fen sou people who tere ahi and king option were ging 3 ‘Darwin's om ay ave been abnormal nhs epbeside th poi Though i's imerening to ot how may psycho bole, inching puanci, may nnply be oolessi na endences und aps oth io high} The po ay fe was somal he was abort a doped nok ace ae All of ws siding edicl irom an ently age, lle chert or sbsenin. Real Darwin's remarks show “ts hanna ea shame which mos of shave fe even ae he cof ne ‘beni to mind ome accident beach eiliog hase So sake Inds jst high public ee can bag she eee remand, vey low public econ ca be pencil tone ‘semerovs nonhuman primatecommuniien andar wea eetemdy unpopular nd pase ete oe the soiayandeven yond wer srinandeopedecion eat erloun.” For ha mater, adrop in saust any oon oooh ea, mss Whatever your plice in cy, ening te eg imocsion haters upward pence onitsohca met eg (on Darwinian terme even if te cen cg Stes the impreson is accra by el, leva, When {chi then iv or sponds othr om cee ee eee 4 Relators bit sands on ed making sean reste en ‘estes ofthis ition can be en in prople thane Her sent fe when they've rghena. Bat a2 rl, hamuos ae dt infin verbal. Darwin, in speci about when fee ‘heteied forpublic opinion became song indiana a seer” show sich 2 earl “by prover the neni Proven” and “by thr hb of cnn Begg Jn Victorian Fegan, bowstng na owned od Darin wat ‘st expercon how at odoit Many modern coherent sd pansedthroygh sever eins in foreign oust Tene ee ‘cond eh the suc of wrk abode bea cto onde Yalu doubt whether this a all wuntworys bor jode e saad my name ought lt fo fw year Wel ihe ely slovbed that shi standard ic tusworhy, why judge by a Presumably, how much bln boating you de depo onthe rebe means of etF-aversement in our ented ‘3s probably calirted by frdback frm hin and pose eal ot But you dn’ fs even some vrge so dnrinse sone ‘sump, however sui, ane rlcene tlk eee a You faire, you se funtion dear Does sch a-advertsement often nel deep? No ‘rowet soe. To el huge i sbout oui, sad Peles ten would be dangerous. Les cn be found out ad they lore ae spend time and energy remembering whch lcs neve ldo mo, Samuel Bur, himself « Vcoriansvlaton fad ie nan et ‘ced hat hen jut an gs nyo ang anthers nd ht “the bs La i he who make the malt amuse at pre 2h longs way Inde, There ate Kn of lethas ke TS or hard wo dice are ard get tne wp isa the nh sons of kis we ahold expect people ote Among fntenncn otrow and heal embelishment of “ihe on hat gr sean ha come» spl suse of hur Sach distin may intlly be comous or, at les, bl ‘insious, Bu if goes unchallenged, the vague tasrenee of oe agsrton can sabide upon sucess, Cope op stologs have shown ow the dao sory, ent ei shemscis in the ginal memory with epion 1 ges without ying har the Sa ot say through no alo ‘he sherman. Theasignmen o Slime and ofcedine nee bsctve wath i hives afer vahtrain for sence teadeny wo aurbite out succes os and oar fala mstance—luck, eis, Satan hit een demons a ortory and, anyway, is obvious" In games there concen s roe, we tend hall up our lanes to he ck of he doe soda ‘And we do's jst sty thi: we ble. Darwin was an eb ‘ic backgammon layer and nox springy, feos ee ei Playing aginst bis sildren. One offs dyghiers slo oo ee ——pea it ofthe doubles shown by ech, Twa consi that he threw beer tan ysl" This conrcon fami losing ‘ackgamon players everywhere. I Bele pesere our bbl in ont competence and ths help us conine eer Io proves 2 mead sure of income for backgammon ler ‘Sell-pgranivement vay comes athe expense of bes TO say that you lors game though Ih a our opponent ‘won though lock. And even esvng nde gamer adobe openly ‘nd vice vert omen e's lei our gin This whee ‘he nconssour pur of star an rh nasty In small group (o {roup. uy the re of ahumtergaererilage) person ha sora {ners in dfiing he eptation of cher pec other of he Sane sx and indore, with whom thee xis srl ray And again the best way to convince peopl of something. inked ing the neighboeshoneorange i alive what yous yng (One would therfore expect ins rsh pecs endowed ith langnge tht the organs would ten play up ther om ets downplay the fens of exer and doth things with comin Indeed, nthe social paycholgy laboratory, people ot oly end aeribute succes Shand flr wo creme hey ted serene the patern hes eating othr ® Lock te thing that Se socceds ably works the her ‘make you fai and other ‘Oten he derpion of thr hovers at arly deste ee adie may Sapper thy akin ends, Bu xpss to reach Tigh volume when ewe people re ying for something tht tees only one fv parcular woman,» parila ma, pacar profewonal dsinction” One reviewer who saved The Origin Spee was Richa! Owen, a sninet sooo sn palconae ft who had owes shot how species mag hang, Aer the review came ou, Daren sowed ta" Landowes sty be isimad wih ey becase my bok has Bon tle sow" Had One ssevingy convinced invel (nd ence othe) tha ‘Or had Darwin self sesngy coming vals work was feo imal (and hence ote) shat # man who teed hi tra deiven by alah moter? Probably one or he er, ad pos The hen sent with which people dt she a ft sivas soe aac’ wonder thers Herlean lr cnt thistendncy consis, andthe flor mtb reese ona eu tes Some people can summon enough eit otal the vale wortlesmens they may even utr sme Victorian hal tiple about x "worthy opponent” But to ein nthe pe se ahe unending. unconscious, l-embraing seach fri of ction simply beyond the reach fmt ota set alverszement i 0 dep igri in people, hy ar the seltdepecstoes? One snewer tha ieldeprecaton i hou cot en everyone knows beer, aan scully ave some bene 2 ‘putin for hui boots the cry of ube sting, (Wi tess Darwin) Another nse eh he osc progam forms te, Sn ave 10concede the point. OF couse, tthe ett shit you cn mane Counervaling evince, with countering conven, you oul What we ut described ar the dynamic of aman disco Pople do spe in preci th fon. (In fc, thas whe the orerge means) Ye they rutin olvious to what hey ted Inde rhy they doing it They spl nd thine const in souch wih al the evidence sparing thir poston, aed en ting wo be remind of al the evilenc gun fe Darwin wrote in i autobigrapy of «Bai eel ples rl 0 imme dow ay bse Sil nat seed inne ih ‘howe or ad foun byexernce ntsc as and hogs tre rmore peace from the meory than favourable ont. The reson the gear aman arguing se els elon i dnt by the tin he ring tthe work bar ead ben dove Rober ever har mite abou the p egotaions, you might cl theta are oflen pat of lan ‘saionship whether enh or marae. The argument be may appear tabu oth sponta, wih ie 0 90 Preview, yo a tolls alg ool landcapes of fora Ippesr to he alveady organic, wing only forthe Lihning of The propos heres shat he human ban in rg pat, machine for wining arguments amahie for onvincing her chat Towne isin the phan thers machine for coring over theme thing, The beni ike» god lawyer given any se ok ines to defend seta convincing the word ofthe mor End Iogl worth repos of whether they a fact have sy of ‘her Like» Ise the and ik» myer semen mone dre for sl than fo Tenge Teer 1e south so ses of election, social seein al gahered supporting dt. In one experimen People with strongly held postions on soci sue were expo {ofr argument pro ander com_ On exch ie of the es Theargumens wet of wo sor) ute plu, and (6) pan ‘She tothe pin of abeey, People tended remember the lau sible argumenss shar suppor de views and she implaosble arent that dy te nt elles being to deve ome the reer ofthe potion and the ilies ofthe aerate “One might thik tha, being enol restr, we wold ete erring hack for Baing om the ight sie of ay disput veered “eter agua ove pls ing, promodon we meer sos oF ‘heh art which--we ae shcke tthe lindo of people who nal peycholoieeratur ta predate an oppo te mo ‘Sconomys benfetanc, Iwas svete in 18D by the poy cholgi FAnbony Greenwald to describe the tendency of people to prove themes a Ding oth beneficial and effective: The two habs of thircompoundsoinage cn the lepcies, epectvely, of rec roc ars aod sa erie This tinction bt versie ele them of eid aris an aire ses Donic aeletive— Can meree. fn on experiment, when poope who Ba ben par of team flr wreaked abou ce ole i they teed 6 pensive if fit cold that he effor war aces ld had {ale they lee more sam forthe inlocce of «teammate © This oun of sei and sharing of blame makes both kinds of eo Touonary ste kmaes + peron som Bnei ang ied fers the group achive tcc and thus Gvevng ft payment ako es tha powon em elev, deer ih ‘One of the mos famous triumphs for Darwin's wpporers ame in 184, when Thomas Holey, ak. “Darwins allo,” wk on Bishop Samuel Wilberforce daring debate on Tbe Origa f Spc Wilbert sires kod om which sd of is farily sey wes descend rom an ape and Hunley tpl thie wuld rather Tae an ape as an ances than aan pelo inlence nd yet who employs tefl and tha inflane orthe mere purpose of inosine int a grave acini di csion "At lata how Hualey tl the sory eo Darwin sd Hunley’ acount the one dha mae tin the hsory books ‘But Darwin's close end Jong Hooker wa abo presen, ad be rememred things ifr. He td Darwin has Haney “cou eo lage ao ately, nor command the ene he tno alle oem (hop Wiberfoc' weak pis nr pu the mater ina form or way th cried he sudence Fors, ported Hole he bimsl ad taken on Wab foxes" smacked him amid rounds of splase and went show “that he could never have ea your book” and tat he "eat ‘Sac ignorant” of Bloy. Wilberorce “bad ot one word sayin reply dhe mowing ss dao fort ling you net af he Bel afer 4 hours tl” Since the eacouter, id Hooke, have been ongatulted thanked bythe blacke cote whet stocks in Onl" Harey, meanwhile, teponed being “the me Poplar man in Oxford fr fl ow & twenty hours era Bath Fsley td Hooker were cling none that mould do in Darwin’ eyes, and eve hi indeed mon exception or tendency to dle the sontibutons of ters nes when hoe others ave high sets If web ind aay, mally foun, we cherish even hi mage it orgie Bt tt, an me eta sre att kt tn down Ione Sense this ins welcome corrective to oocentim our bale she re pethape ore honest fo hight peopl than ore Be the coin as two sds, Thee bigh-tate peoples mean at ing swith ven reser dation than asa tooo he ledger dicount! wespy to elton Towne Sil, we sem wo comer the reloctip worwhe. A high state fend may inne of needs beta oten tie com. Jon a pha le ape an proses a aly by looking kane 2 the woulbe stacker highly pled ‘ponorean, mith ewosminste phone cll mae 3 world fer Seen in thie gh, sci hiahy and repr ran not ony inersctbut merge int 2 single dimension, Sas is simply ‘tothe kind of sett pope bring othe Basing le: Or Sint can to be one of the for. When we ask fiends for help we aoe king nt oly ta they ut au ba hat they rate cars in the pros. Arson te chtpr of Arne, he "vapping of ats spp was scenes tinge; chimp els ‘Simp B fend i» challenger and maim stash at ‘ewer the favor. Among people sts seppot i le tangle Enept in baroums eninehigh scoala ad eos vosy igh eurcerone the suppor Backing fend mean verily defending him when since fn dupate—and, more general, sping ood, waning gs about him, Whether dese thing are ve dosnt expecially They're jut the thing ends re sppoce oy. Tres ‘in muta info. Beings pons ree means ends ‘Whee thsi ward rennet isdespy uncon sorwer would lash with he weany that ar ben Koy to nf cde, elt maybe thatthe blr of te omg ongest fends she dep 1 isthe bes fem the men whe oe each eter bast ety. Anyway bower cect or unconsciou he en ones of tena i otk nd de of el-seving hos dik them wp into web ofa [ete dione, Sl lve beomes 2 mutual senton soy toe fed 4 ove een y's spore lop Ot ews "your owas thas how you spor your fends wats By the Aisne ne jn your Fen, but you Tis til puter, bu isto bens pono whove awbwardne i rally Fh Themalvlent conspiracy between ea lm wl ats hierarchies runs one eel deeper For enmity if een the compre. On the oe and, enmity reso fay themua and insompatile pons of wats, On the other hand, it fips of reciprocal slim, Being a testa epee ocans being a eforcer—lesping tack of ie an citer withing Thow wha ae yr ad but ‘Once again al of tht enmity maybe exposed ot lily amd phys a among chimps, bu verily When people are oor ice weve support hom he andardrespona i comvncngy {Gy ba hinge dour them. And an the best way wo consincingy Sy soch things fo belee theme da the person ico prc or sup or best of al bud, moral defies, nena to Sociny. ta The Espretion ofthe Emoto in Man end Anon Darwin captor he moral shared nature of enmity "(Fw Avda can long rele abst ated person, without fing realation, While a Cambridge, be met + man red Leonid Jon fons 2 genleman soomolpt who, ke Darwin collet ees Team pow hat, ntwithtnig atta ivaly beewecn ‘hem the two men could become rend ands, Inel, Darwin i pope sess b Imac the overs vig Jey “syood many isc for whch Darwin sported, jy seemed “very gate” Bu when he ine fame to FecprocttJenyns "end e+ spcimen of the Necoph Sepukor ss» ahogh hea spsimens"Inrelyinghs news to hi cous, aewn commented wot oly on Jeng’ ssh, tut his “weak mind” Fighter months Ir, though, Daron onsieredJnyes “an ensllen nati.” Ti revised opinion may teen o Jens having beso on Darwin in the 2 “apie presen of Digera"™ "When gre are expanded nt networks, a fend form o> 10 voppor cach rer aay he uk i at web ofl Aepion ans poten of wens Here a tentence ror he New Yrk Tine: "a2 week’ time, both sides have conse ‘ssply emotions sore explaining thr role oe side secon Sha ae ofered with impined conviction, although in many te ‘pc they do nest pin eter cae der eel SU. The semen tfers 104 indo in which a sles dos Pl estan cvs, and each side cle sata: he cher had seared the woule. Bu the sentence could be applied with eal accray to all Kinds of cashes, ig and it, trough he centuries. By Us sentence tl age prof human haar The mental machinery that dives moder sus slerightouiney, contagion gehen been wae by {rolusonits to cor of confer among ees or band. Corin ‘ch ge sale agression hat sural vented ring thi of ‘or wpetics. And no doubt waar hve afen gore Daw ovads hugh the rape or abduction of enemy women. Sis ren 4 the payehoogy of mar bat indeed ben shaped by out and was they may wel Bove ben of secondary importance" Fein eam, of grievance of righteous idigration a sale tity ad ricvance and ites indignatne-—probably have th ‘scent ron in sncient confi chin ban of humans ad pe humane ta parcel me cations of aes fr “The tendency of fiends t die exch he's enemies ned’ be rerely an exchange of oor Often singe rlundaney. One of the songent bons two finds an have the gem sae and ine of fenhipe ie a common erm (Two people paying. # ‘eof prisoner ims wl play ore opera inthe pe eof someone they bath die introns: hb, tes in mort or spore Afi meet from shared pssone ofthe more hoot srt. But this prevumably evolved ina conten in hich shred patios en to be lex ionacent: + comet of frankly poll the shou Ted tbe, yy row met ssl sida Tn Chee wordy he ait of coemon it ty to semen rial pola a yc ached i Tale consequence," any ens wld bp spin th bord pave eroding Span ocr cingia maners Why isi shat smooth diner party cin sen sd deny amhvard over 4 dagesmen about the masts of ‘And, moreover “mates of ile conequens” oe rn ou on dose exuminaon, to inva el ake Take two Dursisly ‘minded vocal scintss, for example. Thi bndingincrses “arty illus fascination withthe eon roots of fam belavion: Bur this aos common pli neret. Bah sels at ed of bring gnoredor atch bythe academic etslnineny Sed of she dogia of coker! determin, sed of suber prevalence within many anthropology and wcblogydeparanene Both schol wan o be publi nthe most eeomel fost ‘They want tenure atthe bet wnieste. They wane pow ond seas Thy want so dejon the eulog rep, OF ene i they do depose healing reine, ad thas some famous and wre besesling bask, thre may be no Darcinna Payoff They may noe conve: tei tas i Sct and they they may we coneaepin tin the environment which we colved—inded, nl the lt fw handed years go ected ito Darwinian crency more fey Ths at Sato have dey affected the erace of inlicaldxaurn epee Wel explore an example of hist in the wea chap, in describing the particle eect douse tae made Doss ‘ous. For now. let's simply moe Darwin's delhi to ‘overing common cote tre wth Jonph Hooker whore than a decade er woul join wih Darin the sei base of the cenary and devote mock eae to the sevation of Dart social sats, “[ What ood thing comeanny of ase." Darwin ‘wot Hooke. "el anf ad known you ty ye Chapter 14: DARWIN'S TRIUMPH em got mat dep interested in my ut though let es ale he bane ames eer pret ops ‘mous, than Td bat not [ink ony cree dee FT bras mye I oald work jot hed hoshoah sti 1 ew tht my Book eld be pubis frat Darwin was ae of ou nes specimens. Heid superhiy what nn ting ae designed odo: manila sacl information to pool vantage. Te information i union was the previ how human beings, and all gaa, came to tis Darwae reshape iia way sa radically ened is socal sete, Where ied in 188, his este war acne in newpaper rl and he was burl in Werminney Abbey a a I he ny of fanc Newton Alma tory And to top tall of: he wat ool guy. Te Times of London observed; "Great he may ide wat the fea of hie ‘what eared hie is many fen, whet hare al the ok of is charger." Darwin's legendary lek of pretneperse wad the very ey when siped beyond his somo The hea ln