Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET)
Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
zahurul@me.buet.ac.bd
http://teacher.buet.ac.bd/zahurul/

ME 403: Power Plant Engineering

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(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

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T440

In 1904, the worlds first diesel-powered electricity generating plant in

Kiev had four diesel engines with total capacity of nearly 1.2 MW.

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CI Injection Systems

Individual Pump Systems: a separate metering and compression

pump for each cylinder.

Distribution Systems: a single pump for compressing the fuel

(which may also meter), plus a dividing device for distributing the
fuel to the cylinders (which may also meter).

Common Rail Systems: a single pump for compressing the fuel,

plus a metering element for each cylinder.

While in pre-chamber engines, injection pressures of approx. 400 bar

are sufficient, for direct injection they have to be between 1200 and
2000 bar.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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Fundamentals of Delivery Control

In cam operated injection systems, pressure increase and fuel metering
are coupled mechanically. The cam moves the tappet of the injection
pump, which for its part "compresses" the fuel volume. The resulting
climbing pressure opens a valve and thus releases the feeding pipe for
the injection nozzle. The return line is opened via a trimming edge,
and so the fuel pressure falls, the valve closes, and injection is over.

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Unit Pump System (UPS)

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Unit Injection System (UIS)

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Common Rail System

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(BUET)

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Injection Nozzles

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Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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Mechanical Supercharging

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In mechanical supercharging, the supercharger is powered directly

by the engine, which usually drives it at a fixed transmission ratio.
Mechanical or electromagnetic clutches are used for its activation.
Simple unit on cold side of the engine & exhaust is not involved.
Responds immediately to load changes.
Directly engine driven, so causes increased fuel consumption.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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Superchargers
Superchargers are air pumps, commonly called blowers. These can
easily produce 50% more power than a normally aspirated engine of
the same size. The crack-shaft usually drives the supercharger with a
belt, but it is sometimes driven by a chain or gears.

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Exhaust-gas Turbocharging

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In turbocharging, exhaust-driven turbine is employed to convert

the energy in the exhaust gases into mechanical energy, making it
possible for the turbocharger to compress the induction gas.
Considerable increase in specific output from a given configuration;
enhanced torque within the effective engine-speed range; significant
reduction in fuel consumption; improvement in exhaust-emissions.
Installation of turbocharger requires materials resistant to high
temperatures; space requirements for turbocharger and intercooler;
low base torque at low engine speed.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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Typical Turbocharger Configuration

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A Turbo-Compounded Engine

With Intercooler & Waste gate

In Turbo-compounding system, a second turbine (power turbine)

in the exhaust is directly geared to the engine drive shaft which
results in higher engine power and efficiency.
Charge cooling prior to entry to the cylinder, can be used to
increase further the air or mixture density. A waste-gate allows a
portion of the engines exhaust gas to bypass the turbine.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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In turbocharging, the losses due to back-pressure generated in the

exhaust system are more than offset by the effect of the higher
induction pressures in reducing specific fuel consumption and
increasing power.
Turbocharger lag: Owing the inertia of the rotating assembly, it
can take as long as several seconds to respond to higher load
demand.

c Dr. M. Zahurul Haq

(BUET)

Diesel/Gas Engine Power Generation

ME 403 (2015)

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T441

Definition of the combustion process in gas engines.

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