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Exercise 131, Page 368
1. A 4-pole, wave-connected armature of a d.c. machine has
750 conductors and is driven at
720 rev/min. If the useful flux per pole is 15 mWb, determine the generated e.m.f.
Z = 750, c = 2 (for a wave winding), p = 2 pairs, n = rev/s and = 15 10-3 Wb
Generated e.m.f. E = = = 270 volts
2. A 6-pole generator has a lap-wound armature with 40 slots with 20 conductors per slot. The
flux
per pole is 25 mWb. Calculate the speed at which the machine must be driven to generate an
e.m.f. of 300 V.
p = 6/2 = 3, lap means c = 2p, Z = 40 20 = 800, = Wb, E = 300 V
Generated e.m.f., E =
from which,
i.e.
from which,
Hence, the flux has increased by 50%
i.e.
from which,
(b)
i.e.
from which,
(c)
i.e.
from which,
4. A shunt generator supplies a 50 kW load at 400 V through cables of resistance 0.2 . If the
field
winding resistance is 50 and the armature resistance is 0.05 , determine (a) the terminal
voltage, (b) the e.m.f. generated in the armature.
The circuit is shown below.
Hence, = 133.5 A
and generated e.m.f., E = V + = 425 + (133.5)(0.05)
= 425 + 6.675 = 431.68 V
5. A short-shunt compound generator supplies 50 A at 300 V. If the field resistance is 30 , the
series
resistance 0.03 and the armature resistance 0.05 , determine the e.m.f. generated.
i.e.
from which,
(b)
i.e.
from which,
(c)
i.e.
from which,
7. A 250 V d.c. shunt-wound generator has an armature resistance of 0.1 . Determine the generated
e.m.f. when the generator is supplying 50 kW, neglecting the field current of the generator.
The circuit is shown below.
= 250 + 20 = 270 V
Efficiency, =
= = 82.14%
87 =
i.e.
78 =
4. Calculate the torque developed by a 240 V d.c. motor whose armature current is 50 A,
armature
resistance is 0.6 and is running at 10 rev/s.
i.e.
176 =
T(2n) = V I + losses
losses = T(2n) - V I
John Bird Published by Taylor and Francis
= (35.8) - (150)(25)
i.e.
10
Thus,
from which, speed of motor, = 559 rev/min
3. A series motor having a series field resistance of 0.25 and an armature resistance of 0.15
is
connected to a 220 V supply and at a particular load runs at 20 rev/s when drawing 20 A from
the
supply. Calculate the e.m.f. generated at this load. Determine also the speed of the motor when
the load is changed such that the current increases to 25 A. Assume the flux increases by 25%.
John Bird Published by Taylor and Francis
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i.e.
Field current, = 10 A
Armature current, = 90 A
Iron, friction and windage losses, C = 2000 W
Efficiency,
=
= = 81.95%
5. A 250 V, series-wound motor is running at 500 rev/min and its shaft torque is 130 Nm. If its
efficiency at this load is 88%, find the current taken from the supply.
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12
i.e.
i.e.
= 78.5%
7. A 300 V series motor draws a current of 50 A. The field resistance is 40 m and the armature
resistance is 0.2 . Determine the maximum efficiency of the motor.
Efficiency,
However, for a series motor, = 0 and needs to be
Hence, and for maximum efficiency, C =
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Thus, efficiency,
=
i.e.
8. A series motor drives a load at 1500 rev/min and takes a current of 20 A when the supply
voltage
is 250 V. if the total resistance of the motor is 1.5 and the iron, friction and windage losses
amount to 400 W, determine the efficiency of the motor.
Efficiency,
=
= 80%
9. A series-wound motor is connected to a d.c. supply and develops full-load torque when the
current is 30 A and speed is 1000 rev/min. If the flux per pole is proportional to the current
flowing, find the current and speed at half full-load torque, when connected to the same supply.
Torque, T =
Hence,
from which,
Speed, n
and since,
then
i.e.
from which, speed at half full-load torque, = 1415 rev/min
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1. A 350 V shunt motor runs at its normal speed of 12 rev/s when the armature current is 90 A.
The
resistance of the armature is 0.3 . (a) Find the speed when the current is 45 A and a resistance
of 0.4 is connected in series with the armature, the shunt field remaining constant. (b) Find
the
speed when the current is 45 A and the shunt field is reduced to 75% of it normal value by
increasing the resistance of the field.
The circuit is shown below.
i.e.
from which,
(b) When = 45 A,
Now
i.e.
from which,
= 318.5 V
since
speed, = 11.83 rev/s
= 336.5 V
since
speed, = 16.67 rev/s
2. A series motor runs at 900 rev/min when the voltage is 420 V and the current is 40 A. The
15
armature resistance is 0.3 and the series field resistance is 0.2 . Calculate the resistance to
be
connected in series to reduce the speed to 720 rev/min with the same current.
from which,
Also,
= 320 V
i.e.
i.e.
from which,
0.5 + R = = 2.5
3. A 320 V series motor takes 80 A and runs at 1080 rev/min at full load. The armature resistance
is 0.2 and the series winding resistance is 0.05 . Assuming the flux is proportional to the
field current, calculate the speed when developing full-load torque, but with a 0.15 diverter
in
parallel with the field winding.
The circuit is shown below.
At 320 V,
16
(80)(80) =
and
= 92.38 A
Hence,
= 320 92.38(0.2+0.0375)
= 320 21.94 = 298.06 V
Now
Hence,
and new speed, = 20.65 rev/s or 1239 rev/min
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