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Defining objective
Landslide hazard studies can be made for any different
purposes. Some of these might be:
Scales of analysis
National scale
Smaller than 1:1.000.000,
covering an entire country,
mainly intended to
generate awareness
among decision makers
and the general public.
Maps on this scale are
often intended to be
included in national
atlases.
Scales of analysis
Regional scale
Between 1:100.000 and
1:1.000.000, covering a
large catchment area, or
a political entity of the
country.
The maps at this scale
are mostly intended for
reconnaissance phases
for planning projects for
the construction of
infrastructural works, or
agricultural development
projects.
Scales of analysis
Medium scale
Between 1:25.000 and
1:100.000, covering a
municipality or smaller
catchment area.
Intended for the detailed
planning phases of
projects for the
construction of
infrastructural works,
environmental impact
assessment and municipal
planning.
Scales of analysis
Large scale
Between 1:2.000 and
1:25.000, covering a town
or (part of) a city.
They are used for disaster
prevention and generation
of risk maps, as well as for
the design phase of
engineering works.
Scales of analysis
Scale of analysis
Regional
PHOLOGY
2. Geomorphological (sub)units
3. Landslides (recent)
6. Slope map
8. Slope length
9. Concavities/convexities
ENGINEERING
10. Lithologies
GEOLOGY
18. Drainage
20. Rainfall
21. Temperature
22. Evapotranspiration
LANDUSE
HYDROLOGY
Large
GEOMOR
TOPOGRAPHY
10
Medium
Inventory
Heuristic
analysis
Statistical
analysis
Deterministic
analysis
11
Techniques
Required data
from table 1
Regional
1:100,000
Mediu
m
25.000
Large
10.000
Landslide
distribution analysis
Yes,
but... (*)
Yes
Yes
Landslide activity
analysis
4,5,14,15,16,17
No
Yes
Yes
Landslide density
analysis
1,2,3
Yes,
but... (*)
No
No
Geomorphological
analysis
2,3,4
Yes
Yes,
but...
(**)
Yes,
but...
(**)
Qualitative map
combination
2,3,5,6,7,8,9,1012,
14,16,18
Yes,
but...
(***)
Yes,
but...
(**)
No
Bivariate statistical
analysis
2,3,5,6,7,8,9,1012,
14,16,18
No
Yes
No
Multivariate
statistical analysis
2,3,5,6,7,8,9,1012,
14,16,18
No
Yes
No
Safety factor
analysis
6,11,12,13,16,
20,21,22,23
NO
No
Yes,
but...
(****)
12
Activity analysis
13
Density analysis
14
15
Qualitative
16
17
18
Hazard zonation
Slope instability hazard zonation is defined as:
The mapping of areas with an equal probability of
occurrence of landslides within a specified period of time
(Varnes, 1984).
A landslide hazard zonation consists of two different
aspects:
19
Hazard zonation
Often slope instability hazard assessment uses the
assumption:
conditions which led in the past to slope failures, will also result
in potential unstable conditions in the present
or
The past is the key to the present
20
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