RACE FIRST The itll and Orpanizailnal Sree ct Mares Grey andthe Unt Negs Linge vot Aon il 69-23 l ud i ei a9s oWraavizkveves: il‘The Majority Press, Inc. RACE FIRST: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association TONY MARTIN has tanght at Wellesley College, Massachusets si 1973, He was tenured in 1975 and has been a full professor of Africana Studies since 1979. Prior to coming to Wellesley he taught at the University of Michigan-Fint, the Cipriani Labour College (Trinidad) and St. Mary's College (CFrinidad). He has been a visiting professor at the University of Minnesota, Brandeis University, Brown University and The Colorado College. He also spenta year as an honorary research fellow atthe University of the West Indies, ‘Trinidad. Professor Martin has authored or compiled and editedeleven books, including Lterary Garveyism: Garvey, Black Arts and the Harlem Renaissance aod the classic study of the Garvey Movement, Race First: the Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. We qualified asa barister-a-law atthe Honourable Society of Gray's Inn (London) in 1965, did a B.Sc. honours degree in economics at the University of Hull (England) and the M.A. and Ph.D. in history at Michigan State University ‘Martin's articles and reviews have appeared inthe Journal of Negro History, ‘American Historical Review, African Studies Review, Washington Post Book World, Journal of Caribbean History, Journal ofAmerican History, Black Books Bulletin, Science and Society, Jamaica Journal and many other places. His ‘ork is to be found in several anthologies and encyclopedias. He has received a ‘number of academic and community awards.‘TONY MARTINlt Introduction: Marcus Mosiah Ga 1887-1940Rac and Self-Reliance6Sepals or lament a abe eS dab rs eoSerum montwneem ernie pane eee tn tra Steeversus UNIA paren en ene al ‘it pc er bara MeSeve“ aoe ert of a by i pe10 Garvey and the Communistsoa staat aga Sits‘say thm{posieenspersrntwin ae se(pes ty a Sasae nthe NAACP Pipi ct, ke A‘Tes etccpnlon tt UA terpenescarte da momen ae ae eeseee era ‘Sheyrepcie stems eyaay em ona pollSeptet na ep ‘ittennay iuSelesineea Satie sea eae eee alOf the NAACP and Integrationists, and Garvey and Separatists, or, t Onslaughtmaf teed lata me Beary ondaSpe Seema an ee a pad tel ope oe acme ol eet at Ga Tot a nat ‘Sogn credo ‘Sn na aa Seese ial met ett‘cbr opt ‘re et vnc oa eee oe orcaaeTipton engi set ie eat, eSeermntns anton ttst te eo oat ial se pimp cenEan mer aec ercem eae. iy of esau reer oe pops we badge coarpetl tp weTestenps rene ped at eu Soci tattatntnytl Seca cottay tecnico ‘ede oe gi eee cod‘caer eon eee Sie ie i hc en pea itt a mr ep eentree ne ie ar ‘xi etd ancy of etek pope rapid Cary nn evr gn se ese i iad cya panaman enya em oe ‘ce dataeee Sey ist mca ne Sonera nen rae eeeSeen ae piece Seeger is nil she tn epAenea erin, Seeiether sade en tn 1A bse ens een ‘ey ti She rc ue a ‘ryan Ar ken sar og ot beg ll [eh tty cont eonStaresaat nemiel emp nse a pa nti a i th re omic hi pte Ku Klux Klan, White Supremacy, and Garvey — A Symbiotic Relationship inane senso A pon cae tyme heir pages tnt pp eer ‘Sy pond pasa et sn Sineanoaghencommtnaepe by tn etna Gorn ee a er see Sey ashe oe