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SIMATIC S7
Siemens AG 2005. All rights reserved.
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.1
Contents
Page
Objectives ........................................................................................................................................
Principle of an Inverter .....................................................................................................................
Overview: Standard Drives ...............................................................................................................
Communication: PROFIBUS DP .......................................................................................................
Drive ES (= Engineering System) .....................................................................................................
BOP (Basic Operator Panel) Standard Operator Panels ...................................................................
Keys on the Operator Panel ..............................................................................................................
PROFIBUS Communications Module: Setting the Address ...............................................................
Exercise 1: Reset to Factory Default .................................................................................................
Exercise 2: Using the BOP as Command Source .............................................................................
Exercise 3: Setting the Command Source to PROFIBUS, Ramp-up Time, Ramp-down Time...........
Exercise 4: Linking Micromaster to PROFIBUS DP ..........................................................................
Exercise 5: Function Test - Micromaster ...........................................................................................
If You Want to Know More ................................................................................................................
Simple S7 Program for Controlling the Drive ....................................................................................
Micromaster MM420: Control Word ..................................................................................................
Micromaster MM420: Status Word ...................................................................................................
Digital Control Signals OFF1, OFF2, OFF3 ......................................................................................
Selecting the Command Source and Setpoint Channel .....................................................................
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ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Objectives
Upon completion of the chapter the participant will ...
...
...
...
SIMATIC S7
Siemens AG 2005. All rights reserved.
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.2
Page 2
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Principle of an Inverter
Infeed
(Rectifier)
DC
link
Power module
(Inverter)
Induction
motor
Inverter
Variable
speed
U
t
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Direct On-line
Operation
Motor Starter
Inverter
Configuration
Rectifier
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.3
Page 3
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Application example:
Controlled pumps and
fans in an air
conditioner
MICROMASTER 4 Inverter
(here the different sizes with a
performance of about 0.1 to 90 kW)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Categorization
Design
Applications
Application example:
Conveyor belt
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.4
Standard drives are used for applications that only require a low to medium
dynamic as far as speed control is concerned. Many applications in the past
used to be driven with three-phase motors connected directly to the mains. In
the 90s, inverters became so economical that the advantages of a speedcontrolled drive could be utilized in many areas (energy savings in the partialload operation, smooth ramp-up and controlled ramping down, quality
improvement in production).
The MICROMASTER inverters are now in the fouth generation. They are
"Stand-Alone" devices. That is, the inverter is complete and is connected
between the mains and the motor.
The MICROMASTER 4 inverter family comprises several versions:
MICROMASTER 420: for simple control requirements such as pumps and
fans.
MICROMASTER 440: for demanding control requirements (dynamic and
precise speed control).
MICROMASTER 410: for the simplest requirements with only a limited ability to
parameterize.
MICROMASTER 411: the integration of motor and converter
(= COMBIMASTER). The inverter is located in a special
housing piggy-backed on the motor.
Pumps and fans (for heating, air conditioning, ventilation, chemistry,
foodstuffs ...)
Conveyor belt systems (for packages, baggage, mail)
Automatic doors ((house) entrances, elevator doors, garages)
Washing machines, dryers and ironing machines (industrial field)
Car washes ...
Page 4
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Communication: PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS module
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Field Bus
Master-Slave
Cyclical Range
Event-driven Range
Master Class 2
PROFIBUS Address
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.5
A field bus connects distributed sensors and actuators (such as, valves, light
barriers, measuring devices, drives, operator control panels) with the central
PLC.
PROFIBUS DP is a manufacturer-independent, open field bus. PROFIBUS has
been standardized and continuously further developed by the PNO (Profibus
User Organization) since 1990.
The master (usually a PLC with a PROFIBUS interface module, such as,
S7-315-2 DP) controls the data communication on the bus. Slaves only send
data when they are prompted by the master. That way, no collision results
between two senders.
The slaves are cyclically (= one after the other) supplied with process data by
the master and their process data is scanned. In Drives, process data are, for
example,
speed setpoint, switch-on signals from the master or
actual speeds, error signals from the drive.
The data telegrams consist of 2 to 16 words ( 16 bit).
Cycle times lie between about 2 to 20 ms.
As well, there is often the need to read or change the parameters of a drive. This
occurs (in todays applications) only when prompted. The cyclic operation is
then briefly interrupted and a longer data telegram with up to 117 words is sent.
The "normal master is called Master Class 1. For commissioning, you can also
connect a PC or PG (= SIMATIC programming device) as a Master Class 2.
Independent of the actual data communication, the Master Class 2 can access
the drives.
The minimum requirement for commissioning the PROFIBUS option module is
the setting of the PROFIBUS address.
Page 5
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SIMATIC S7
Drive ES Basic
Drive ES Graphic
Drive ES SIMATIC
Drive ES PCS7
Starter
Drive ES SIMATIC
Drive ES Graphic
Drive ES PCS7
Date:
File:
Software
Drive ES Basic
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PRO1_10E.6
Page 6
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SDP (= Status
Display Panel)
SIEMENS
SIEMENS
5.00
I
O
<>
Fn
Jog
5
6
MICROMASTER 440
MICROMASTER 440
Parameter keypad
for easy
commissioning
or changing
individual parameters
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
SDP
BOP
Parameter List
Indexed Parameter
Monitoring
Parameters
Trigger Parameters
Monitoring parameters:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.7
The standard version of the MICROMASTER is fitted with the SDP (= Status
Display Panel). The MICROMASTER is already parameterized in such a way
that it can be operated through the terminal strip.
The SDP has a status indicator with a green and yellow LED (16 different
messages)
The BOP (= Basic Operator Panel) can be ordered as an option. It is inserted
instead of the SDP temporarily for commissioning or long-term. Available
functions are:
Page 7
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Access Levels
Command Source
Setpoint Source
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PRO1_10E.8
Level 1 = Standard:
Level 2 = Extended:
Level 3 = Expert:
Level 4 = Service:
Commands are: on signal, off signal, jog, and acknowledge fault messages, for
example. On the training unit, you can select the following sources using
parameter P0700:
P0700 = 1
P0700 = 2
P0700 = 6
Setpoint is, the inverter frequency, for example. On the training unit, you can
select the following sources using parameter P1000:
P1000 = 1
P1000 = 2
P1000
Automation and Industrial Solutions
=6
ST-PRO1
From
PROFIBUS
Page 8the CPU through
Introduction
to Micromaster (1)
Add to address
16
32
64
Example 1: Address = 6
off
on
on
off
off
off
off
Example 2: Address = 88
off
off
off
on
on
off
on
Meaning
1 to 125
126, 127
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.9
Attention
Setting
Note
Page 9
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Value
Comment
P0010
30
Reset to
Factory Default
P0970
End
SIMATIC S7
S1 = Drive On/Off
S2 = Reverse direction of rotation
S3 = Acknowledge fault
H1 = Fault (is lit when there is no fault)
P1 = Potentiometer for the frequency/speed
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.10
Task
First of all, carry out a Reset to Factory Default to establish a defined initial
state.
In the factory default, the inverter is already functional and can be controlled
using binary inputs.
What to Do
1.
2.
3.
4.
Note
If parameter P0010 is set to the value 1, carry out a quick commissioning of the
inverter and the motor. By selecting quick commissioning, only the most
frequently required parameters are displayed.
This simplifies operation because only the most important motor (characteristic)
data are entered. The end of quick commissioning is completed with the
parameter P3900:
P3900 = 1 Reset to factory default and motor data calculation
P3900 = 2 Only motor data calculation
P3900 = 3 Reset the parameter assignments of input and output
settings
This procedure is also described in the "Getting Started" Guide that is included
with every unit. We will not practice the quick commissioning in this exercise.
Page 10
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Value
Comment
P0700
P1000
Reverse direction
ON
<>
Fn
OFF1
Jog
Increase frequency
Decrease frequency
Jog operation
(Set-up operation)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.11
Task
What to Do
Notes
Pressing the higher/lower keys only affects the speed in r0000 (press Fn key
and then P key). Otherwise they are only used for assigning parameters.
Changing the speed using the "faster" signal or the "slower" signal is called
motor potentiometer (MOP).
Jog Key:
Fn Key:
With the "Fn" (Function key) key, you can carry out the following actions
acknowledge alarm and fault messages when the cause of the error no
longer exists
jump between decimal positions in parameter changes
display of important inverter data, such as, voltage of DC current link
(Roll function when "Fn" key is pressed for 2 seconds).
Page 11
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Parameter number
Value
P0003
P0700
P1000
P0918
P1120
2.00
P1121
2.00
Comment
50 Hz
Setpoint frequency
Setpoint frequency
50 Hz
SIMATIC S7
P1120
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.12
P1121
Task
What to Do
Diagnosis
The tri-colored LED is located on the front of the PROFIBUS-DP interface card.
The following table explains possible LED displays and error causes and helps
you with the following exercise:
Off
Red flashing
Red on
no power
invalid PROFIBUS address (126/127 is invalid) or hardware/software error
temporary state during startup or new communication configuration; if constant
state, then PROFIBUS interface or inverter defective
communication to inverter built-up; no connection to PROFIBUS, or PROFIBUS
connector not inserted or faulty or PROFIBUS master is switched off
communication link to converter and connection PROFIBUS has been
established but no cyclic data exchange is taking place.
cyclic process data exchange exists, but setpoints are invalid (control word = 0,
because S7 master is in the "STOP" state, for example:
cyclic process data exchange is built-up.
Orange flashing
Orange on
Green flashing
Green on
Ramp-up Time
Page 12
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Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.13
Task
What to Do
1. Link the MM420 to the PROFIBUS mastersystem. You will find the MM420 in
the Hardware Catalog Profile "Drive ES" SIMOVERT
MICROMASTER 4 MICROMASTER 420 (see slide)
2. Assign parameters to the MM420 as shown in the slide:
- Device version V1.0 or V1.1 (depending on the available device type,
check type label on the MM420)
- PROFIBUS Address: 6
- PPO Type: PPO Type 3.PZD 2/2
- I / O Address 56 (Length 2 words each)
3. Save, compile and download the configuration to the CPU.
Note
Page 13
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Actual Value (Hexa) Act. Value (Decimal) Act.Val.(Frequency) Act.Val.under rated load (rpm)
4000
16384
50
1350
3000
12288
37.5
1,012.5
2000
8192
25
675
1500
5376
16.41
443.1
1000
4096
12.5
337.5
500
1280
3.91
105.57
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.14
Task
You are to input the setpoint speed to the Micromaster through the
potentiometer. Jog operation (5Hz) is also possible. Test both possibilities.
What to Do
Note
You will find a printout of the sample program used along with an explanation at
the end of this chapter and in the Solution Suggestions.
Attention
The Micromaster MM420 switches on with an edge change from 0 1 from the
On/Off bit (Bit 0 in the control word). For that reason, when you assign the
control word, you have to pay attention to the following sequence:
1. Control word W#16#047E
2. Control word W#16#047F
Page 14
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Note
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.15
The following pages contain either further information or are for reference to
complete a topic.
Page 15
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
General
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.16
Function
ON/OFF 1
OFF 2
OFF 3
Pulse Enable
Ramp-function Gen.Enable
Ramp-function Gen. Start
Setpoint Enable
Fault Acknowledge
JOG right
JOG left
Control from PLC
Reverse
--Motor Potentiometer up
Motor Potentiometer down
Command Data Set Bit 0
Since the actual value for the speed is specifed through the potentiometer on
the MM 420 Demo case, it is sufficient to only transfer the control word.
With the PPO Type 3, you can carry out a consistent data transfer with Load
and Transfer instructions or with the "MOVE" Box.
Motor ON (NW 1)
Transferring takes place when "Motor_On_HMI" has signal "1". This is a bit
memory that is set through the "On" button in the "MM420" screen on the touch
panel and is reset through the "Off" button.
On the right side of the slide you can see the colored bits of the control word that
are set by the program.
Bit 0 of the control word is set to zero. The motor slows down with the
parameterized lag time.
Instead of bit 0, bit 8 is set for "JOG right". As long as the "Jog right" button is
pressed on the touch panel, the motor moves to the right. In the momentary
parameter assignment of the MM 420, a frequency of 5 Hz is set, that can also
be changed through the parameter P1058.
Instead of bit 0, bit 9 is set for "JOG left". As long as the "Jog left " button is
pressed on the touch panel, the motor moves to the left. In the momentary
parameter assignment of the MM 420, a frequency of 5 Hz is set, that can also
be changed through the parameter P1059.
You will receive additional detailed information on the various PPO Types,
structure of the control word etc., in Programming Course 2.
Note
Page 16
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
JOG right
JOG left
OFF2
6 digital
inputs
or
fieldbus
link
eg. Profibus
Outside world
Acknowledge fault
SIMATIC S7
MICROMASTER
Reverse
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
ON/OFF 1
OFF 2
OFF 3
Pulse Enable
Ramp-function Gen. Enable
Ramp-function Gen. Start
Setpoint Enable
Fault Acknowledge
JOG right
JOG left
Control from PLC
Reverse
--Motor Potentiometer up
Motor Potentiometer down
Command Data Set Bit 0
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.17
Bit Function
ON/OFF 1
Control Word
ON/OFF1
To switch on, an edge change is necessary and OFF2 and OFF3 may not be
active. During switching off, the motor brakes on the braking ramp of the rampfunction generator and the inverter then switches off.
OFF2
The motor ramps down without braking (coasts to a standstill) and the inverter
switches off immediately.
OFF3
The motor brakes with the back edge of the out signal. The inverter remains on.
Page 17
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Drive fault
Drive warning
SIMATIC S7
MICROMASTER
Outside world
Motor Overload
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Drive ready
Drive ready to run
Drive Running
Drive fault active
OFF2 active
OFF3 active
ON inhibit active
Drive warning active
Deviation setpoint/act. value
PZD control
Max. Frequency reached
Warning: Motor current limit
Motor holding brake active
Motor overload
Motor runs right
Inverter overload
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.18
Status Word
The status word is a collection of 16 internal binary signals that are made
available from the internal sequence control system / closed-loop controller of
the inverter.
When inverter and SIMATIC S7 are linked with one another using PROFIBUS,
the status word can be monitored and analyzed using an associated input word
such as IW56.
The status word (bits 0 to 10) conforms to the Standard PROFIdrive Profile. Bit
11 to 15 is MICROMASTER specific.
Switch-on Inhibit
Warning, Message
Page 18
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Sequence
1
0
OFF2 = 0 !
ON/OFF1
t
1
0
OFF2
t
1
0
t
OFF3 = 0 !
Motor brakes at the ramp
for OFF3 (P1135).
Inverter remains on.
OFF3
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.19
General
Control Signals
Sequence
The signal for switching on the drive - ON/OFF1 - is edge triggered and is
only accepted when the signal OFF2 and OFF3 are not active.
Page 19
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)
Digital inputs
USS from BOP Link
2
4
5
Communications module
Fixed frequencies
Ramp-function Generator
Additional setpoint
...
...
...
FF1 ...
FF2 ...
FF3 ...
Setpoint
frequency
Analog setpoint
1
2
3
4
Communications module
Motor potentiometer
Actual
frequency
Starter
BOP/AOP keys
P1000 =
Setpoint Source
SIMATIC S7
Date:
File:
Command Sources
14.10.2005
PRO1_10E.20
The representation shown in the slide only covers the most important
components of the setpoint channel as well as the selection of the command
source.
For the complete representation also see the function diagrams at the back of
the Micromaster Parameter List.
In our exercise example, the following definitions were made that you monitored
using a Variable table:
Status word:
Control word
Actual frequency
Setpoint frequency
IW56
QW56
IW58
QW58
"Status_Word_MM420"
"Control_Word_MM420"
"Actual_Speed_MM420"
"Setpoint_Speed_MM420"
Reference Frequency The reference frequency of 50 Hertz can be controlled through Parameter
P2000 (P2000 = 50Hz).
Starter Software
Page 20
ST-PRO1
Introduction to Micromaster (1)