Physical Metallurgy Correlation

Part I. Unit Cells

1. Show that for the body-centered cubic crystal structure that the unit cell edge
length a and the atomic radius R are related through

a=

4R
3

2. Show that the atomic packing factor for FCC is 0.74.

Part II. Density Computations
3. Molybdenum has a BCC crystal structure, an atomic radius of 0.1363nm, and an
atomic weight of 95.95g/mol. Compute and compare its theoretical density with the
experimental value of 10.28g/cm3.
4. Calculate the radius of a palladium atom, given that Pd has an FCC crystal
structure, a density of 12.0 g/cm3, and an atomic weight of 106.4g/mol.
5. Titanium has an HCP crystal structure, a density of 4.51g/cm 3 and atomic weight
of 47.87 g/mol.
a. What is the volume of its unit cell in cubic meters?
b. If the c/a ratio is 1.58, compute the values of a and c.
6. Niobium has an atomic radius of 0.1430nm and a density of 8.57g/cm 3.
Determine whether it has an FCC or BCC crystal structure.
Part III. Miller indices
7. Determine the indices for the directions shown in the following cubic unit cell:

8. Determine the indices for the directions shown in the following cubic unit cell:

9. What are the indices for the two planes drawn in the sketch below?

10. Determine the Miller indices for the planes shown in the following unit cell:

11. Determine the Miller indices for the planes shown in the following unit cell:

12. For BCC iron

, compute the interplanar spacing for the (220) set of planes if
the atomic radius of iron is 0.126nm.

Part IV. Diffusion

13. Compute the number of kilograms of hydrogen that pass per hour through a 6mm-thick sheet of palladium having an area of 0.25m2 at 600C. The diffusion
coefficient is 1.7x10-8 m2/s and the concentrations at the high and low pressures
sides of the plate are 2.0 and 0.4 kg of hydrogen per cubic meter of palladium
respectively.
14. A sheet of steel 2.5mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 900C.
The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 1.2x10 -10 m2/s,
and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.0 x 10 -7 kg/m2s. If the concentration of
nitrogen at the high pressure surface is 2kg/m 3, how far into the sheet from the
high pressure side will the concentration be 0.5kg/m 3?

Part V. Mechanical Properties of Material

15. A 10mm diameter Brinell Hardness indeter produced an indentation 2.50mm in
diameter in a steel alloy when a load of 1000kg was used. Compute the HB of this
material.

Part VI. Phase Diagrams

For the following problems please refer on the diagram below

16. For a lead-tin alloy of compositon 80 wt% Sn 20 wt% Pb and at 180 C

determine :
a. Determine the mass fractions of and phases
b. Determine the mass fractions of primary and eutectic microconstituents
c. Determine the mass fraction of eutectic
17. Consider 1.5kg of 99.7 wt% Fe 0.3 wt% C alloy that is cooled to a temperature
just below the eutectoid.
a. How many kilograms of proeutectoid

ferrite form?

b. How many kilograms of eutectoid ferrite form?

c. How many kilograms of cementite form?

18. Compute the maximum mass fraction of proeutectoid cementite possible for a
hypereutectoid iron-carbon alloy.
19. The microstructure of an iron-carbon alloy consists of proeutectoid cementite
and pearlite; the mass fractions of these microconstituents are 0.11 and 0.89,
respectively. Determine the concentration of carbon in this alloy.
20. What is the carbon concentration of an iron carbon alloy for which the fraction of
total cementite is 0.10?