Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
M. TECH. IN Microelectronics
Course Structure (Applicable to 2016-17 admission onwards)
Year
FRIST SEMESTER
Sub Code
MAT 5104
SECOND SEMESTER
Subject Name
Probability, Random Variables & Stochastic Processes
Sub Code
ECE 5221
Subject Name
Low Power VLSI Design
ECE 5121
ECE 5122
ECE 5123
ECE 5124
4
4
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
4
ECE 5222
ECE****
ECE****
ECE****
4
4
4
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
4
HUM 5101
ECE 5131
1
0
0
0
3
6
2
2
*** ****
ECE 5241
ECE 5299
21
24
Open Elective
Microelectronics Laboratory II
Technical Seminar
TOTAL
3
0
0
23
0
0
0
0
0
6
3
9
3
2
1
26
25
25
TOTAL
ECE 6099
Project Work
Total
Programme Electives
1. ECE 5232 Analog VLSI for Signal Processing
Open Electives
1. ECE 5233 ARM Processor and Application
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Hogg & Craig (1975), Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 4th Edn., MacMillan,
J.Medhi, Stochastic Processes.
A. Papoulis and S.U. Pillai, Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, McGraw Hill, 2002.
P. Z. Peebles Jr., Probability, Random Variables and Random Signal Principles, McGraw Hill International Edition, 2001,
Singapore.
BiCMOS Logic circuits: Bipolar junction transistor (BJT) structure and operation, Dynamic behavior of BJTs, Basic BiCMOS
Circuits - static Behavior, switching delay in BiCMOS logic circuits and BiCMOS applications.
Dynamic CMOS logic and clocking: Introduction, static CMOS design, Pseudo-NMOS circuits, Domino CMOS structure and design,
Charge sharing, Clocking, clock generation and distribution,
Semiconductor memories: Read only memory (ROM) circuits, Static Read/Write memory (SRAM) circuits and Dynamic Read/Write
memory (DRAM) circuits, Erasable PROMs and flash memories.
Chip input and output (I/O) circuits: ESD protection, Input circuits, Output circuits, L(di/dt) noise and VLSI Packaging technology.
VLSI design methodologies: VLSI design flow, design hierarchy, Concepts of Regularity, Modularity and Locality, VLSI design
styles, Design Quality and Computer Aided Design.
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Neil Weste and K. Eshragian, Principles of CMOS VLSI Design: A System Perspective, Pearson Education, 2000.
Jan M, Rabaey, et al, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective, Prentice Hall, 2003.
Wayne, Wolf, Modern VLSI design: System on Silicon Pearson Education, 2005.
Sung, Mo Kang and Yosuf Leblebici, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design, TMH, 2003
Douglas A Pucknell and Kamran Eshraghian, Basic VLSI Design PHI, 2005.
ECE 5122 ANALOG & RF VLSI DESIGN [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Introduction to Analog Design: Design flow, Digital v/s Analog Design, MOS device physics, Long-channel and short-channel
devices, Second-order effects-Channel length modulation, Bulk effect, Low-frequency and high-frequency MOS models in saturation,
MOS SPICE models, Noise in MOS devices, Design issues, Analog Design Octagon, Analog design applications.
Current sources and sinks: simple and cascode current mirror, Widlar current mirror, Wilson Current mirror, sensitivity analysis,
High-performance wide-swing current mirrors.
Active Loads & Voltage & current references.
CMOS Amplifiers: CS, CD, CG with different active loads (diode-connected MOS load, current source/sink load, ideal current load
etc) considering second-order effects, voltage gain, input and output impedances, Miller effect, frequency response, noise and
distortion analysis, Telescopic and Folded cascode amplifiers, Differential amplifier, Differential and common-mode gain, CMRR,
Cascode differential amplifier, Gilbert cell, Current differential amplifiers.
CMOS Operational Amplifier: Basic two-stage CMOS Op-amp design (with and without buffer), frequency response &
compensation, Operational Transconductance Amplifiers(OTA) , Wide-swing OTA, Folded-cascode OTA, Fully differential Opamp/OTA.
Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), Phase Locked Loops (PLL), dynamics and applications.
Analog Layout considerations: Review of CMOS layout and design rules, CMOS process errors due to lateral diffusion, oxide
encroachement, over etching etc, antenna effect, Layout for resistor and capacitor, Analog layout techniques like interdigitization
,symmetry, common centroid geometry, dummy strip etc, Layout of analog circuits like current mirror, difference amplifier, cascode
amplifier etc
CMOS RF Circuit Design: MOSFET models at RF frequencies, Noise Performance and limitations of devices, Integrated parasitic
elements at high frequencies, overview of RF circuit design: Design issues involved, Design of basic blocks in RF systems like
Mixers, VCOs, RF synthesizers, frequency dividers, RF power amplifier, RF filters.
References:
1Behzad Razavi,Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits,Tata McGraw-Hill, 2002.
2David A.Johns, Ken Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design, Johns Wiley & Sons, 2002.
3 R.Jacob Baker, Harry W.Li, David E.Boyce, CMOS circuit design, Layout, and Simulation, IEEE Press, PHI Pvt Ltd, 1998.
4Phillip. E. Allen, and Douglas R. Holberg , CMOS Analog Circuit Design ,Second edition, Oxford University Press,2004.
5 Thomas H.Lee, "Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits" Cambridge University, 2004.
ECE 5123 PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Processor Datapath and control: Building a Datapath, A simple implementation scheme, A Multicycle Implementation.
Pipelining: Pipelining Basics, Pipeline Hazards, Pipelined Datapath, Pipelined Control, Data Hazards & Forwarding, Data Hazards &
stalls, Branch Hazards, HDL model of a pipeline, Advanced Pipelining, Pentium 4 pipeline.
Memory Hierarchy : Introduction, Basics of Cache,
Measuring & improving Cache Performance, Six Basic cache optimizations, Virtual Memory, Memory Hierarchy Design.
I/O interface: Programmed I/O, Interrupt I/O, DMA
Instruction-Level Parallelism: Concepts & Challenges, Basic Compiler techniques, Branch Prediction, Dynamic Scheduling,
Hardware-Based Speculation, Multiple Issue & Static Scheduling, Advanced Techniques for Instruction Delivery & Speculation, Intel
Pentium 4, Limitations of ILP.
Multiprocessors :Taxonomy of Parallel Architectures, Symmetric Shared-Memory Architectures, Cache Coherence, Basic Schemes for
enforcing Coherence, Snooping Protocols & Directory-Based Coherence, Vector processors.
MSP430 Microcontroller Architecture & Applications.
Architecture of Digital Signal Processors: Need for special DSPs, Special features of Digital Signal Processors, finite word length
effects, quantization errors.
Architecture and features of floating point processors (TI 6X, families).
DSP development tools - introduction to ccs studio & Simulink.
Applications using Digital Signal Processors: Digital filtering, Speech and image processing etc.
References :
1. David A.Patterson & John L.Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design-The Hardware/Software Interface, Third Edition,
Elsevier, 2005
2. John L.Hennessy and David A.Patterson, Computer Architecture-A Quantitative Approach, Fourth Edition, Elsevier,2007
3. Phil Lapsley, DSP Processor Fundamentals, IEEE Press, 1997
4. Sen M. Kuo, Woon-Seng Gan Digital Signal Processors, Pearson, 2005
ECE 5124
[4 0 0 4]
ECE-5221
Circuit level Power reduction techniques: Power consumption in circuits. Design of Flip Flops and Latches. High capacitance nodes,
interconnects and repeaters. Low power digital cell library.
Logic level Power reduction techniques: Gate reorganization, pre-computation logic, signal gating, logic encoding, state machine
encoding, reduction of power in address and data buses.
Low power Architecture and Systems: Power and performance management, switching activity reduction, parallel architecture with
voltage reduction, flow graph transformation, low power arithmetic components, low power memory design.
Low power Clock Distribution: Power dissipation in clock distribution, Single driver versus Distributed buffers, Zero skew versus
Tolerable skew, chip and package co design of clock network.
Algorithm and Architectural level Methodologies: Introduction, design flow, Algorithmic level analysis and optimization, Power
aware software designs, Architectural level estimation and synthesis.
References:
1. Gary K. Yeap, Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design, KAP, 2002.
2. Rabaey, Pedram, Low power design methodologies Kluwer Academic, 1997.
3. Kaushik Roy, Sharat Prasad, Low Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design Wiley, 2000.
4. Kiat, Samir S, Rofail-Seng Yeo, Wang-Ling Goh, CMOS/BiCMOS ULSI Low
Voltage Low Power, Pearson, 2002.
Mixed Signal Layout Issues:Power-supply and grounding issues, Fully-differential design, Device matching, Substrate couplingGuard Rings, Shielding from substrate noise, capacitance shielding,switching noise and grounding of mixed-mode circuits, and ESD
Protection for current-mode circuits ,sensor interfaces,VLSI interconnects
References:
1. R. Jacob Baker, CMOS: Mixed-Signal Circuit Design, volume II, Wiley, 2002.
2. Rudy van de Plassche, CMOS Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog
Converters, Springer, 2003.
3.P.V.Anand Mohan, Current-mode VLSI Analog Filters: Design and Applications,Birkhauser,
2003.
4. T Deliyanis, Y Sun and J K Fidler, Continuous-Time Active Filter Design, CRC Press,
1999.
5. R.Jacob Baker, Harry W.Li, David E.Boyce, CMOS circuit design, Layout, and Simulation,
IEEE Press, PHI,1998.
Eigenvalue equation and its solution for planar waveguides. Modes supported by a planar waveguide. Power associated with modes,
weakly guiding approximation, birefringence.
Derivation of eigenvalue equation for step index fibers and its solution. Modes in an optical fiber. Linearly polarized modes and
weakly guiding approximation. Birefringnece in optical fibers
Losses in optical fibers due to absorption and scattering. Signal distortion due to dispersion. Intermodal and intramodal dispersion.
Material and waveguide dispersion. Polarization mode dispersion. Dispersion compensation techniques.
Theory of optical amplification. Energy levels in EDFA. Pump threshold condition. Applications of EDFA.
Review of semiconductor theory. Semiconductor sources and detectors for optical fiber communication, Introduction to Quantum
well structures.
Optical power coupling into fibers. Fiber splicing and connectors. Link power and rise time budgeting. Analog and digital fiber optic
communication system analysis. WDM systems and components. Impacts of fiber nonlinearities on fiber optic communication
system.
Attenuation and dispersion measurements in an optical fiber. OTDR. Concept of RMS pulse and spectral width.
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
RADAR SYSTEMS
[4-0-0-4]
ECE - 5238
DATA COMPRESSION
education ,2004.
[4-0-0-4]
Algorithm, Adaptive Huffman coding, Golomb codes, Rice codes, Tunstall codes Coding sequence, generating a binary code,
comparison of Huffman and Arithmetic coding, Applications
Static dictionary, adaptive dictionary, applications.
Prediction with partial match, the Burrows-Wheeler transform, CALIC, JPEG-LS, multi resolution approaches, Facsimile encoding,
dynamic Markov compression.
Information theory revised, Distortion criteria, models
The quantisation problem, uniform quantizer, adaptive quantizer, non uniform quantizer, entropy-coded quantization
Advantages, the Linde-Buzo-Gray algorithm, tree-structured vector quantizers, structured vector quantizers, variations on the theme,
Trellis-coded quantization.
Algorithm, prediction in DPCM, adaptive DPCM, Delta modulation, speech coding
Vector spaces, Fourier series, Fourier Transforms, Sampling, DFT, Z-transform.
The Transform, types, quantization and coding of transform coefficients, Applications to image compression and audio compression
Filters, the basic sub band coding algorithms, bit allocation, application to speech coding and audio coding, Application to image
compression
Wavelets, multi resolution analysis and the scaling function, implementation using filters, image compression, JPEG 2000
References:
1. Khalid Sayood, Introduction to Data Compression," Addison Wesley. 2000.
2.
Jayanth,
Peter,
Noll,
Digital
Coding
&
Waveforms,
Prentice
Hall,
1984.
3. David Salomon, "Data Compression," 2nd Edn., Springer,2000.
4. Toby Berger, "Rate Distortion Theory: A Mathematical Basis for Data Compression,"Prentice Hall, 1971.
5. Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas, "Elements of Information Theory", John
Wiley & Sons, Inc,1991.
6. Ali N. Akansu, Richard A. Haddad, "Multi resolution signal decomposition: Transforms, Subbands and Wavelets," Academic Press,
1992.
ECE 5234 CAD TOOLS FOR VLSI [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Semiconductor device fabrication techniques-NMOS, PMOS and CMOS. Stick diagram and Design rules for MOS Circuits. PLA
circuit implementation. Semiconductor TCAD Tool-SILVACO.
Basic of Graph Theory- Types of graph.Graph optimization problems and Algorithms.
Introduction to PLDs, Types, Boolean logic implementation, Classification of FPGA, Switching technology.
Cell-library binding-Subject graph, Pattern Graph and simple library design. Tree based covering using Dynamic programming and
using Automata.Look-up table and Anti-fuse based FPGAs.
State diagram, state flow sequencing graph, Architectural synthesis:- strategies for architectural optimizations, Area/Latency,Cycletime/Latency and Cycle-time/Area optimizations.
Model for scheduling problems, scheduling with resource and without resource constraints.
Two level combinational logic synthesis and optimization- Exact and Heuristic method, Sequential logic Optimization.
Fault simulation techniques, automatic test pattern generation method (ATPG), Fault collapsing Technique, design for testability
(DFT) techniques.
References:
1.Pucknell D.A., Eshraghian K. , Basic VLSI design, PHI publication, New Delhi,2004.
2.Giovanni De Michelli , Synthesis and Optimisation of Digital Circuits, Tata-McGraw Hill, New Delhi,1994.
3.Gary D. Hachtel, Fabio Somenzi , Logic Synthesis and Verification Algorithm, Kluwer Academic Publication, Boston,2002.
4. A.Anand Kumar, Switching Theory and Logic Design, PHI publication, New Delhi, 2009.
5. M.J.S.Smith , Application Specific ICs, Addison Wesley,1997.
6. Charles Roth and Lizy John, Principles of Digital System Design, Cengage Learning ,2009.
.
ECE -5243 HIGH SPEED DIGITAL DESIGN [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture Hours: 48
Introduction to high speed digital design: Frequency, time and distance issues in digital VLSI design. Capacitance and inductance
effects, high speed properties of logic gates, speed and power. Modeling of wires, geometry and electrical properties of wires,
Electrical models of wires, transmission lines, lossless LC transmission lines, lossy RLC transmission lines and special transmission
lines.
Power distribution and Noise: Power supply network, local power regulation, IR drops, area bonding. On-chip bypass capacitors and
symbiotic bypass capacitors. Power supply isolation. Noise sources in digital systems, power supply noise, crosstalk and inter symbol
interference.
Signaling convention and circuits: Signaling modes for transmission lines, signaling over lumped transmission media, signaling over
RC interconnect, driving lossy LC lines, simultaneous bi-directional signaling terminations, transmitter and receiver circuits.
Terminations and vias: Types of terminations. AC biasing for end terminations, resistor selection, crosstalk in terminators, properties
of vias, capacitance of vias, inductance of vias, return current and its relation to vias.
Timing convention and synchronisation: Timing fundamentals, timing properties of clocked storage elements, signals and events, open
loop timing, level sensitive clocking, pipeline timing, closed loop timing, clock distribution, synchronization failure and metastability, clock distribution, clock skew and methods to reduce clock skew, controlling crosstalk in clock lines, delay adjustments,
clock oscillators and clock jitter - PLL and DLL based clock aligners.
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
William S. Dally & John W. Poulton, Digital Systems Engineering, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Howard Johnson & Martin Graham, High Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic, Prentice Hall PTR, 1993.
Masakazu Shoji, High Speed Digital Circuits, Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1996.
Jan M, Rabaey, et al, Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective, Pearson, 2003.
transform in terms of Fourier transform, Short time Fourier transform and Heisenberg boxes. Spectrogram, Wavelet transforms in two
or more dimensions.
Discrete wavelet transform: Frames and orthogonal wavelet bases, dyadic grid scaling and orthonormal wavelet transforms, Scaling
function and multiresolution representation. Scaling equation, scaling coefficients and associated wavelet equation, Haar wavelet,
Coefficients from coefficients : fast wavelet transform, Discerete input signals of finite length,Multi-resolution algorithm
Designing orthogonal wavelet systems: Refinement relation for orthogonal wavelet systems, restrictions on filter coefficients.
Designing Daubechies orthogonal wavelet system wavelets
Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and relation to filter banks: Signal decomposition (analysis), relation with filter banks, Frequency
response, signal reconstruction, upsampling and filtering, perfect matching filters.
Generating and plotting of parametric wavelets, Orthogonality conditions and parameterization, polyphase matrix
and recurrence relation. Precise numerical evaluation of and , cascade algorithm, Biorthogonal wavelets
Applications of Wavelet transform.
References:
1. P. S Addison, The illustrated Wavelet transform Handbook, Institute of Physics Publishing, 2002.
2. C S Burrus, A Gopinath, and Haitao Guo, Introduction to wavelets and wavelet transforms, Prentice-Hall, 1998.
3. K P Soman and K. I. Ramachandran, Insight into Wavelets from theory to practice, Prentice-Hall of India, 2005.
ECE 5254
Basic physics: Review of quantum mechanics:- Electrons in periodic lattices, E-k diagrams, Quasi particles in semiconductors,
electrons, holes and phonons ,Wave particle Duality, Schrdinger Wave equation,Crystalline Solids and Energy Bands: - Bonding of
atoms, crystalline state, Lattice Vibrations, Phonons, Energy band of Metal and Insulator.
Fundamentals of semiconductors: Semiconductor Materials and their properties, Semi conducting Materials, Energy Band Model,
Fermi level and energy distribution of carriers inside the energy bands, temperature dependence of carrier concentrations.
Carrier Transport in Semiconductors: - Boltzmann transport equation and solution in the presence of low electric and magnetic fields mobility and diffusivity; Carrier statistics; Continuity equation, Poisson's equation and their solution, trap rate, Finite difference
formulation of these
equations
in
1D, High field effects: velocity saturation, hot carriers and avalanche breakdown,
Physical/empirical models of semiconductor parameters-mobility, lifetime, band gap.
Junction and interfaces: PN junction:- Description of p-n junctions , Abrupt junction , Linearly graded junction, Diffused junction , IV characteristic of diode in forward and reversed biased condition, Schottky barrier diode , Ohmic contacts, Heterojunctions.
MOS Transistors:- Semiconductor Surfaces , C-V characteristic of the MOS capacitors , Effects of oxide charges, defects and
interface states; Characterization of MOS capacitors, I-V characteristic of MOSFET , Short-Channel effects , MOSFET structures ,
Charge Coupled Devices, Semiconductor devices:- Tunnel Diode , Solar cell , Photo detectors , Light Emitting Diodes ,
Semiconductor Lasers.
Semiconductor measurements: Conductivity type, Resistivity, Hall Effect Measurements, Drift Mobility, Minority Carrier Lifetime,
Diffusion Length, CVs for dopant profile characterization; Capacitance transients and DLTS.
References:
1. M.S.Tyagi , Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices , John Wiley and Sons , 2004.
2. S. Selberherr, Analysis and Simulation of Semiconductor Devices, Springer-Verlag, 1984.
3. J. P. McKelvey, Introduction to Solid State and Semiconductor Physics, Harper and Row and John Weathe Hill, 1966.
4.D.K. Schroder, Semiconductor Material and Device Characterization, John Wiley, 1990.
5. S. M. Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices,John Wiley, 1981.
6. C. T. Sah, Fundamentals of Solid-State Electronic Devices, Allied Publishers and World Scientific, 1991.
7. Physics of Semiconductor devices. , M. Shur, PHI, 2008.
ECE-5256 SYSTEM ON CHIP DESIGN [4-0-0-4]
Total number of Hours: 48
Introduction to Processor Design, Processor architecture and organization, Abstraction in hardware design, Processor design tradeoffs, Design for low power consumption, Architecture for low power.
Subsystem design principles- pipelining, Data paths, Combinational shifters, Adders, ALUs, Multipliers, High density memory,
Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, Programmable Logic Arrays.
Pipeline ARM organization, ARM instruction execution, ARM implementation, Development tools, Architectural Support for
System Development, The ARM memory interface, The Advanced Micro controller Bus Architecture (AMBA), The ARM reference
peripheral specification, Hardware system prototyping tools, The ARMulator, The JTAG boundary scan test architecture , The ARM
debug architecture, ARM Processor Cores, ARM CPU cores, Intellectual property design, Memory Hierarchy, Memory size and
speed, On-Chip memory, Caches and design, Memory management.
Floor planning, Floor planning methods, Off- chip connections, Architecture Design, Register Transfer Design, High level
synthesis, System on chips Embedded CPUs, Architecture Testing, Chip design, Design Methodologies, Microprocessor Data path,
Hardware/ Software Co Design
References:
1. Steve Furber ARM System-on- Chip Architecture, Second Edition , Pearson,2000
2. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design , System on- Chip Design, Pearson, 2005
3.F.Balarin, Hardware-software co-design of embedded systems , Kluwer academic publishers, 1997
ECE 5255 SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Review of digital communication concepts, direct sequence and frequency hop spread spectrum systems. Hybrid direct
sequence/frequency hop spread spectrum. Complex envelop representation of spread spectrum signals.
Sequence generator fundamentals, Maximum length sequences. Gold and Kasami codes, Nonlinear Code generators.
Spread spectrum communication system model, Performance of spread spectrum signals in jamming environments, Performance of
spread spectrum communication systems with and without forward error correction.
Diversity reception in fading channels, Cellular radio concept, CDMA cellular systems. Examples of CDMA cellular systems.
Multicarrier CDMA systems. CDMA standards.
References:
1. R. L. Peterson, R. E. Zeimer and D. E. Borth, Introduction to Spread Spectrum Communications, Pearson, 1995.
2. J. D. Proakis and M. Salehi, Digital Communication, McGraw Hill, 2008.
3. A. J. Viterbi, CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications, Addision Wesley, 1995.
4. S. Verdu, Multiuser Detection, Cambridge University Press, 1998
ECE 5249 NONLINEAR FIBER OPTICS [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Physical origin of nonlinear optical effects in crystals. Review of fiber modes, Pulse propagation through optical fibers. Nonlinear
Schroedinger equation.
Group velocity dispersion. Different propagation regimes, Dispersion induced pulse broadening. Third order dispersion, Dispersion
management. Self phase modulation. SPM induced spectral broadening, Effect of group velocity dispersion. Higher order nonlinear
effects. Optical Solitons, modulation instability, fiber solitons.
Nonlinear birefringence, Nonlinear phase shift. Cross phase modulation. XPM induced nonlinear coupling. XPM induced modulation
instability. Applications of XPM.
Stimulated Raman and Brillouin Scattering, Quasi continuous SRS and SBS, SRS with short pump pulses, Dynamic aspects, SBS
applications.
Parametric processes, Origin and theory of FWM, Phase matching techniques, parametric amplification. FWM applications, Second
harmonic generation.
References:
1. G. P. Agarwal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Academic Press, 2007.
2. A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications, Oxford University Press, 2007
3. G. P. Agarwal, Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Academic Press 2008.
4. R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, Academic Press 2008
ECE-5235
CODING THEORY
[4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Information and Entropy: Sources of information, DMS and Markov. Properties of Entropy.
Extension of a DMS.
Information channels, probability relations in a channel, A Priori, A Posteriori Entropies, Equivocation, Mutual information, Capacity
of BSC, BEC, Noiseless and deterministic channels.
Source coding: Uniquely decodable codes, Instantaneous codes and its construction, Average length of a code, Bounds for Average
Length, Kraft's Inequality. R-ary compact codes. Code efficiency, Redundancy. Shannon-Fano and Huffman code
Algebra: Groups, rings and fields, properties of finite fields, Galois field arithmetic and its realization, Vector spaces, Matrices.
Channel Coding: Block codes, Minimum distance of a block code, Singleton bound. Performance of Codes. Hamming codes. Cyclic
codes, Golay Codes BCH codes, R-S codes. Convolutional codes. Viterbi Algorithm. LDPC Codes.
References:
1. S. Lin and D. J. Costello Jr, Error Control Coding, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.
2. T. K. Moon, Error Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods And Algorithms, Student Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
3. R. M. Roth, Introduction to Coding Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
4. F. MacWilliams and N. Sloane, The Theory of Error-Correcting Codes. North-Holland, 1988.
5. S. B. Wicker, Error Control Systems for Digital Communication and Storage, Prentice-Hall, 1995.
6. Hamming, Richard Wesley, Coding and Information Theory Prentice Hall International, 1980.
.
1. Rabiner L.R and Schaffer R.W, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Prentice Hall, NJ, 2007.
2. Thomas F. Quatieri, Discrete-time Speech Signal ProcessingPrinciples and Practice, Pearson Education Inc, 2004.
3. Douglas O' Shaughnessy, Speech Communications: Human and Machine Reading, Addison-Wesley. 1987.
4. Deller J.R, Proakis G.J and Hansen J.H.L, Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals, IEEE Press. 2000.
5. Rabiner L.R and Jaung, Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, Prentice Hall. 1993.
1
2
3
4
5
6
M. Abramovici, M. A. Breuer, and A.D. Friedman, "Digital Systems Testing and Testable Design", Piscataway, New Jersey:
IEEE Press, 1994.
M. L. Bushnell and V. D. Agrawal, "Essentials of testing for digital, memory and mixed-signal VLSI circuits", Boston: Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 2000.
Miczo, "Digital Logic Testing and simulation". New York: Harper & Row, 1986.
Krstic and K-T Cheng, "Delay Fault Testing for VLSI Circuits", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.
P.K. Lala, "Fault Tolerant & Fault Testable hardware Design", BS Publications, 1998
Stanley L. Hurst, VLSI Testing: digital and mixed analogue digital techniques Pub:Inspec/IEE, 1999.
ECE-5242
2.
3.
4.
5.
K.J. Ayala,Dhananjay V. Gadre The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems, CENGAGE Learning,2010
Shibu K.V, Introduction to Embedded sytems, McGraw Hill, 2009
Sam Siewert, Real time embedded systems and components, CENGAGE Learning,2007
Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis Embedded Systems, Wiley India Edition, 2002
ECE - 5244
[4 0 0 4]
Total Number of Lectures: 48
tree
Synthesis,
clock
Introduction to Physical design, Physical design cycle, Partitioning, Floor planning, Placement and Routing. Algorithms for
physical design automation. Layout compaction. Case study.
Transmission line effects, Impedance mismatch, cross talk and issues in high speed design.
Verification challenges,
Verification of complex logic design, Verification issues like verification plan, verification methodology, Advanced functional
verification, unified verification methodology.
Timing verification,Hardware design verification, Software design
verification , verification automation, physical verification, Layout planning and verifications
References:
1.
M.J.S.Smith, Application Specific ICs, Pearson, 1997.
2.
Nigel Horspool and Peter Gorman, The ASIC Handbook , Prentice Hall, 2001.
3.
Sabin H. Gerez, Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation, John Wiley & Sons,1999.
4.
Naveed Sherwani, Algorithm for VLSI Physical Design Automation, Kluwer Academic Publishers,1998.
5.
Paul Wilcox, Professional Verification a guide to advanced functional verification, Springer India, 2004.
6.
S. Sait, H. Youssef, VLSI Physical Design Automation: Theory and Practice, World Scientific, 1999.
ECE- 5251
[4-0-0-4]
References:
1. Gruska, J, Quantum Computing. McGraw-Hill,1999
2. Nielsen, M. and Chuang, I. L, Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
ECE-5253 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Digital Image fundamentals, Image Acquisition System, Image Sampling and Quantization
Point Processing, Spatial operations, gray level transformation, Histogram Processing, Image enhancement, Smoothing and
sharpening spatial filters. 2D DFT, Cosine and Hadamard Transform, Transform Operations, Smoothing and sharpening using
frequency domain filters, Homomorphic Filtering.
Image Degradation / Restoration Process, noise models and filter types, Geometric Transformation
Color fundamentals, Color Models, Pseudo and Full-Color Image processing, Color Transformations, smoothing & sharpening.
Detection of Discontinuities, Edge Linking and Boundary detection, Boundary extraction, Region based segmentation, Classification
Technique.
Image Compression and standards, Interframe coding Image reconstruction from projection: Radon transform, Back projection
operator, Projection theorem.
Wavelets and its applications in Image Processing.
Image processing applications in Character Recognition, Biomedical Imaging, Remote sensing, Digital Broadcasting and multimedia.
References:
1. R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Pearson, 2008.
2. Anil K Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Pearson, 2001
3 W. K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, Wiley 2010
Uses of computer networks, types of networks, network hardware, network software, network design issues, network design tools,
ISO-OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model, examples networks, network standardization. Components of a data
communication Data flow Network criteria Types of Connections: Point to point multipoint; Topologies
Transmission & switching, frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, switch mode, integrated services digital
network (ISDN) ISDN services, evolution of ISDN, ISDN interface, ISDN system architecture, the digital PBX signaling, perspective
on ISDN, terminal handling, applications for global ISDN and future trends.
Introduction, error detection and correction, elementary data link protocol, sliding window protocols, protocol performance, protocol
specification and verification, data link layer. HDLC standard. Types of errors detection versus correction CRC Hardware
implementation - parity check and checksum Hamming code.
Introduction, channel allocation, multiple access protocol, IEEE standards, fibre optic networks, satellite networks. 802.3, 802.4,
802.5.
Introduction, design issues, routing algorithms, congestion control algorithm, internetworking, network layer in internet, internet
control protocols, limitations of IPv4 , Introduction to IPV6 Protocol.
Introduction, the transport services, elements of transport protocols, simple transport protocols, the internet transport protocol TCP and
UDP, performance issues, connection management (Handshaking).
Frame format Advanatges and disadvantages of FDDI, Network Security
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
William Stallings,Data & Computer communication 6th Edition. Prentice Hall of India, 1996.
Tanenbaum , Computer Networks , 3rd Edition. Prentice Hall of India, 1998.
William Stallings , Local area network , Prentice Hall, 2000.
Gallager ,Data networks Prentice Hall of India,2002.
ECE 5247
NANOPHOTONICS
[4 0 0 4]
Introduction: nanophotonics at a glance. Foundations for nanophtonics , wave equations, dispersion, material models, evanescent
fields. Spatial resolution and position accuracy. The point-spread function; resolution limit; position accuracy
Optics of inhomogeneous medium: Basics; matrix formulation; 1-D periodic structures and introduction to forbidden bands. Photonic
crystal (PhC), theoretical modelling of photonic crystals Features of photonic crystals; phase, group and energy velocity; defect mode
Near-field interaction and microscopy, near-field optics and theoretical modelling of near-field nanoscopic interactions, near-field
microscopy.
Plasmonics: Plasmonic fundamentals and sensors, local field enhancement, Plasmonic waveguiding Super-resolution imaging
Metamaterials
References
1. L. Novotny and B. Hecht, Principles of Nano-optics (Cambridge, 2006).
2. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light (Cambridge, 1999)
3. M. Fox, Optical Properties of Solids (Oxford, 2001).
4. S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications (Springer, 2007)
5. John D. Joannopoulos, Steven G. Johnson, Joshua N. Winn, and Robert D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light
(Princeton University Press, 2008)
8. P. N. Prasad, Nanophotonics (John Wiley &Sons, 2004).
ECE 5245
[4-0-0-4]
Introduction, Growth of amorphous and micro /nano crystalline hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) and its alloys, doping in amorphous
semiconductors, defect densities, electron transport , optoelectronic properties , contact, interfaces, multilayers
P-I-N devices, Thin film transistors, LEDs, Memory Switches, Novel Processing Technology for Macroelectronics, Amorphous
silicon Solar cells, TFT based LCD displays, Passive and Active Matrix displays , Photoreceptors, Large Area Image Sensor Arrays,
Image pick up tubes, High energy Radiation imaging, Multilayer Color Detectors, Thin Film Position Sensitive Detectors.
Introduction to organic semiconductors, structure and properties, device configurations, Applications: Optoelectronics devices ,Solar
cells, Photodiodes, LEDs ,Active Matrix displays , Organic Thin film transistors, Device structure and characteristics , Circuit systems
based on organic devices, Organic Lasers.
Displays - LCD, Plasma, Electroluminescent, Electrophoretic (Electronic paper), and Field emission displays.
Introduction to Flexible Electronics.
References:
1. R.A.Street, Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, Cambridge University Press,1991.
2. Robert A. Street , Technology and Applications of Amorphous Silicon,. Springer-Verlag New York, LLC Series: Series in
Materials Science, 2004.
3. A.Madan & M.P.Shaw , The Physics and Technology of Amorphous silicon, Elsevier Science & Technology books,1988.
4. Richard Zallen, The Physics of Amorphous solids, Wiley,1998.
5.Tim.M.Searle, Properties of Amorphous Silicon and Its Alloys, IEEE Publication,1988.
6. "Macroelectronics Large area and Flexible Electronics Special Issue, MRS Bulletin, USA Vol. 31, June 2006.
ECE- 5253 RF MICROELECTRONICS CHIP DESIGN [4-0-0-4]
Total number of lecture hours: 48
Introduction to RF design: Frequency spectrum, RF design, complexity and choice of technology, application areas, RF design issues:
nonlinearity, selectivity, sensitivity, and dynamic range, impedance matching ,insertion loss, noise, distortion.
Basic RF modules: Review of basic blocks like amplifier, modulator /demodulator, mixer, filter, isolator, RF oscillators, coupler,
phase shifters, tuner etc
Passive RF components: RF behavior of passive components, High Frequency Resistors, High Frequency Capacitors, High frequency
inductors, chip components, surface mount inductors
Active RF components: RF diodes, BJT and RF Field-Effect Transistors, diode models-transistor models, BJT and MOSFET behavior
at RF frequencies, measurement of active devices-scattering parameter device characterization.
RF transistor amplifier design: characteristics of amplifiers, classes of operation and biasing networks, amplifier power relations,
stability considerations, constant gain, unilateral and bilateral design, broad-band, high power, and multi-stage amplifiers, low noise
amplifiers(LNA) impedance matching using discrete components, microstrip line matching networks.
RF Filter Design : basic resonator and filter configurations, filter Types: LP, HP, BP and BS filters, insertion loss, special filter
realizations-butterworth-type and chebyshev-type filters, denormalization, filter implementation: passive and active LC ladder filters,
Design of CMOS RF biquadratic filters, RF filters using OTA, design issues in integrated RF filters, microstip filter, coupled filter.
Other complex RF blocks: RF oscillators-basic topologies, voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), quadrature and single sideband
generators, design of mixers at GHz frequency range, various mixers-working and implementation. RF modulation and detector
design, RF synthesizers- PLLS, various architectures and frequency dividers, mobile RF communication, down conversion blocksheterodyne and homodyne, RF receiver and transmitter architectures.
References:
1. Thomas H. Lee Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits Cambridge University press, 2003.
2. Behzad Razavi RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall, 1998.
3. W. Alan Davis, Krishna K. Agarwal , Radio Frequency Circuit Design,John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2001.
4. Cotter W. Sayre, Complete Wireless Design, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
5John M. W. Rogers, John W. M. Rogers, Calvin Plett, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design, Artech House
Publishers,2010.
ECE-5232 ANALOG VLSI FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING
[4-0-0-4]
Applications: High-frequency analog signal processing circuits for GSM, Analog signal processor for RF ID applications, Continuoustime (CT) integrated filter for video frequency applications, Analog VLSI implementation of artificial neural networks (ANN),
auditory and vision signal processing, current-mode transmitters, current-mode receivers for Data Communications.
References:
1 C.Toumazou,F.J.Lidgey &D.G.Haigh, Analogue IC Design :the current-mode approach, Peter Peregrinus, London, 1990.
2 Mohammed Ismail ,Analog VLSI : Signal and Information Processing, McGraw-Hill
companies ,1994.
3 R.Schaumann,M.S.Ghausi,Kenneth R Laker, Design of Analog Filters Passive, Active RC, and Switched Capacitor, Prentice
Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1995.
4. T Deliyanis, Y.Sun and J.K.Fidler , Continuous-Time Active Filter Design, CRC Press,
1999.
5. P.V.Anand Mohan, Current-mode VLSI Analog Filters : Design and Applications, Birkhauser,
2003.
6. Bram Nauta, Analog CMOS Filters for very high frequencies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
ECE 5233 ARM PROCESSOR AND APPLICATIONS [3-0-0-3]
Total number of lecture hours: 38
ARM embedded systems, RISC design philosophy, ARM processor fundamentals, Programmers model, pipeline, ARM processor
families.
ARM instruction set: Data processing, branch, load-store instructions. Software interrupt instruction, program status register
instructions, Manipulating bits and bit patterns, Arithmetic operations.
Input and output, semihosting, serial IO, Input from switches and external events, timing of IO actions.
ARM Hardware, ARM modes, Exceptions, Exception handlers, program structures and testing. Introduction to THUMB instruction
set, Thumb register usage, ARM thumb interworking.
Memory hierarchy and cache, memory protection units, protected regions, memory management units. Details of ARM MMU.
Embedded ARM Applications, VLSI Ruby II Advanced communication processor, VLSI ISDN Subscriber processor, EricssonBluetooth baseband controller. ARM7100, SA-1100.
References:
1. Steve Furber ARM System-on- Chip Architecture, Second Edition , Pearson Education, 2000
2. J.R.Gibson ARM Assembly Language-an Introduction Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, The University of
Liverpool, 2007
3. Andrew N.Sloss, Dominic Symes, Chris Wright, ARM System Developers Guide Elsevier,2004
Unsupervised learning methods,Hamming net and maxnet, Feature mapping, Kohenens self organizing feature maps, cluster
discovery network (ART1), Counter propagation networks. kernel methods ,applications
Fuzzy Logic: Different types of fuzzy systems,membership functions, Brief comparison of classical sets and fuzzy sets, Basic
operation on fuzzy sets.
Fuzzy relations, Cartesian product, composition of fuzzy relations projection and cylindrical extension, extension principle,linguistic
variables, fuzzy IF-THEN rules-fuzzy propositions, different implications. Fuzzy logic and Approximate reasoning
Structure of fuzzy rule base and properties,Fuzzy inference engine,Fuzzifiers, Defuzzifiers, Design of Fuzzy rule based systems,
Introduction to Neuro fuzzy systems with GA optimization
References:
1. Jacek M Zurada, Introduction to artificial Neural Systems, Jaico publication. 2006
2. Simon Haykin, Neural Networks and Learning Machines ,Third edition, PHI edition private Limited,New Delhi, 2009
3. Li Xin Wang, Introduction to fuzzy systems and control, Prentice Hall publication, 1997
4. Timothy J Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Intl. Edition, McGraw Hill publication, 2008