UNODC South America

SOUTH AMERICA
Dividers_country profiles.indd 5
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Dividers_country profiles.indd 9
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Argentina
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Argentina covers all forms of
trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol.
Investigations and suspects
Number of cases investigated for trafficking in persons, 2012-2015
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
2,948
2,386
1000
500
1,635
1,341
0
2012
2013
2014
2015
Source: Ministerio Pblico Fiscal, Fiscalnet.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015

250
200
150
100
50
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Females
41
25
41
104
37
32
Males
62
52
76
133
91
62
Source: PROTEX.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Females
12
14
18
12
22
17
Males
17
34
21
18
40
34
Source: Procuradura.
Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship,

2012-2015
The Plurinational
State of Bolivia,
22
Others,
11
Paraguay, 8
Argentina, 139
Victims
Victims of trafficking in persons detected in connection with criminal
investigations, by gender and age, 2010-2015
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Men
46
41
53
103
133
81
Boys
11
10
Girls
32
21
20
19
13
Women
178
77
236
204
186
115

investigations, by form of exploitation, 2010-2015
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Forced labour
67
76
88
213
183
138
Sexual exploitation
196
74
215
161
180
105

investigations, by country of citizenship, 2012-2015
Others, 24
Unregistered,
244
Dominican
Republic, 66
Peru, 21
Paraguay, 126
Argentina domestic
trafficking, 276
Plurinational
State of Bolivia,
243
The information reported above refers to the victims registered by law enforcement in
connection with the prosecuted cases.
Source: Procuradura de Trata de Personas y Secuestros Extorsivos.
Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by age, 20102015

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2104
2015
Adults
488
1397
1410
1565
1724
1997
Children
81
179
158
181
86
113
Source: Programa Nacional de Rescate y Acompanamiento a las Personas Damnificadas por el delito
de Trata.
Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by form of

exploitation, 2010-2015
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2010
Other
2011
2012
2013
19
2104
2015
Sexual Exploitation
366
456
897
856
1012
849
Forced Labour
185
1101
669
884
798
1261
de Trata.
Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by citizenship,

2012-2015
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2012
2013
2104
2015
Foreigners
804
1063
799
1212
Argentinean
764
683
1011
898
de Trata.
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Plurinational State of Bolivia
covers all forms of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol.
Number of cases of trafficking in persons investigated by the police, 2010- 2015
500
450
400
350
300
250
463
200
150
399
370
274
205
100
146
50
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
January- April
2014
2015
Source: Policia Boliviana Comando General.
Number of persons investigated by the police for trafficking in persons, by

gender, 2012- 2015
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2012
2013
2014
Females
110
243
217
93
Males
311
185
345
259
Not recorded
2015
18
Source: Direccion Nacional FELCC.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2012-July 2015

450
400
350
300
250
200
402
150
285
282
100
50
69
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-July2015
Source: Ministerio Publico.
Between 2012 and 2015, the authorities report that about 15 persons have been
convicted of trafficking in persons.
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 20122015
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2012
2013
2014
2015
Unrecorded
44
Adults
125
Children
196
Women
57
36
374
Men
23
16
164
Girls
193
159
309
Boys
58
28
139
Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation

(when recorded), 2012-2014
Other, 29
Illegal adoption,
157
Forced labour,
155
Sexual
exploitation, 99
Organ removal
and sale, 95
Detected Bolivian victims of trafficking in persons, by country of exploitation,

2014
Bolivia domestic
trafficking, 589
Other South
America, 1
Peru, 8
Brazil, 57
Argentina, 65
Source: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.
Brazil
The specific offence criminalizing trafficking in persons was passed in the Parliament
in September 2016. This new law covers all aspects listed in the UN Trafficking in
Persons Protocol definition. The legislation on trafficking in persons in force during
the reporting period criminalized national (Art 231a of the criminal code) and
international trafficking for sexual exploitation (Art. 231). Trafficking for forced
labour was addressed with Art. 149 of the criminal code on labour conditions similar
to slavery. The national authorities also report the use of legislation against illegal
adoption and law for transplants to prosecute trafficking cases.
Numbers of offences recorded and persons indicted for trafficking for sexual
exploitation, forced labour, and conditions similar to slavery and other offences,
2012-2013
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2012
2013
Number of offences
recorded
423
590
Number of persons
investigated
390
379
Source: CNJ - National Council of Justice - Federal Regional Courts.
Persons convicted of trafficking for sexual exploitation, forced labour, and

conditions similar to slavery and other offences,
by gender, 2012-2013
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
Females
Males
30
27
Source: DEPEN- National Penitentiary Department.
Victims
The national authorities detected some 3,727 victims in 2012, and 2,659 in 2013, for
trafficking for sexual exploitation, forced labour, and conditions similar to slavery and
other offences.
Source: Ministries of International Relations, of Labor and Employment, of Health, of Social
Development, Department of Federal Highway and Police. State Centers for fighting Human
Trafficking - States of Amazonas, Cear, Gois and Pernambuco contributed with data for 2012; and
Rio Grande do Sul e Paran contributed with data for 2013.
Chile
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Chile was adopted in April 2011.
The current law considers all aspects of trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in
Persons Protocol definition.
Number of cases of trafficking in persons investigated,
2011-2014
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
4
2
1
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.
Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2011-2014

30
27
25
20
14
15
10
3
0
2011
2012
2013
2014
Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2011-2014

Others, 1
Other South
America, 17
Chile, 20
Dominican
Republic, 9
In the period from 2011 to 2014, seven persons were convicted of trafficking in
persons.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, 2011-2014
100
95
90
81
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
7
10
0
2011
2012
2013
2014
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2011-2014

Girls, 2
Boys, 1
Women, 54
Men, 113
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation,

2011-2014
Sexual
exploitation, 53
Forced labour,
134
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2011-2014
Others, 28
Paraguay, 61
Other South
America, 106
Plurinational
State of Bolivia,
64
Colombia
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Colombia covers all forms of
Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported by the national police, 2012June 2015
45
40
40
35
29
27
30
25
20
15
10
10
5
0
Reported cases of
trafficking (national police)
2012
2013
2014
JanJune2015
40
27
29
10
Source: Policia Nacional de Colombia.
Persons arrested for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2012-June 2015

50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
2014
JanJune2015
Females
19
23
29
Males
21
24
18
Source: Policia Nacional de Colombia.
Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported by the Office of the

Prosecutor, 2012-June 2015
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-June2015
Reported cases of internal

trafficking (office of the
prosecutor)
69
97
113
50
Reported cases of
transnational trafficking
(office of the prosecutor)
32
79
54
19
Source: Fiscalia General de la Nacion.
Persons convicted for domestic trafficking in persons,

by gender, 2012-June 2015
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-June2015
Females
Males
Source:. Fiscalia General de la Nacion.
Persons convicted for transnational trafficking in persons,

by gender, 2012-June 2015
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-June2015
Females
12
10
Males
The national authorities reported that all the convicted persons were Colombian
citizens.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons,
by age and gender, 2012-June 2015
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-June2015
Women
32
40
39
34
Men
14
15
Girls
Boys
Source: Ministry of Interior/Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Detected victims of trafficking in persons,

by form of exploitation, 2012-June 2015
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2012
2013
2014
JanJune2015
Forced marriage
Forced labour
23
35
Sexual exploitation
29
34
33
22
Most of the victims detected were Colombian nationals repatriated from other
countries. About 30 victims were Colombians trafficked domestically, and about 10
were foreigners trafficked into Colombia.
Detected Colombian victims of trafficking in persons,

by country of repatriation, 2012-June 2015
Other North
America, Central
America and
Caribbean, 24
Other South
America, 25
China, 23
Argentina, 31
Mexico,
15
Other East Asia,

12
Others, 4
Indonesia, 15
Ecuador
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Ecuador covers all forms of
Number of investigated trafficking in persons cases, 2010- 2014
180
160
140
120
100
169
80
60
119
125
87
40
82
20
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.
Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons and other related offences, by
gender, 2012-2014
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
2014
Females
10
Males
34
18
15
Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons and other related

offences, by gender, 2012-July 2015
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-July2015
Females
Males
12
14
16
Source: Ministerio del Interior.
Most of the persons convicted during the reporting period were citizens of Ecuador.
Others were citizens of other countries in South America, as well as from North
America and the Caribbean.
Source: Ministerio del Interior
Victims
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by age and gender when recorded,
2010-July 2015
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2012
2013
2014
JanJuly2015
Men
18
Women
26
19
35
10
2010
2011
Boys
16
50
Girls
47
68
16
78
42
Adults
12
Children
84
Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation when

recorded, 2012-July 2015
Others, 25
Begging, 13
Pornography,
121
Sexual
exploitation,
529
Most of the victims detected during the reporting period were citizens of Ecuador
exploited within the country or abroad. Ecuadorean victims trafficked abroad were
exploited mainly in other South American countries. Other victims trafficked into
Ecuador were citizens of Colombia and Cuba.
Guyana
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Guyana covers all forms of
The authorities reported that five persons were prosecuted for trafficking in persons
and related offences during the years 2010 and 2011. One local citizen, a female, was
convicted during this period. In 2012, three cases of trafficking in persons were
reported, while in the year 2013, nine cases were reported, and three convictions were
secured.
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons/UN Human Rights Council.
Victims
During the years 2010 and 2011, 20 victims of trafficking were detected by local
authorities; 16 adults and four children. Victims were mostly females, with the
exception of two adult men detected in 2011. Most victims, including the two men,
were trafficked for sexual exploitation. Two females were trafficked for forced labour
in 2011. Authorities reported that victims are locals and Brazilian nationals. In 2013,
20 persons were identified as victims of trafficking in connection with the cases
investigated
Source: Ministerial Task Force on Trafficking in Persons//UN Human Rights Council.
Paraguay
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Paraguay was adopted in
December 2012 (Art. 5 law 4788/12). The current law considers all aspects of
trafficking indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol definition, while the
previous offences only criminalized international trafficking in persons for sexual
exploitation (Art 129b) and for forced labour (Art. 129c).
Number of recorded offences for trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art
129b/c), 2012-August 2015
90
80
70
60
50
40
80
30
20
57
49
48
2012
2013
10
0
2014
Jan-August2015
Persons investigated for trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by

gender, 2012-August 2015
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
Females
19
19
Males
12
25
27
2014
Jan-August2015
Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by

gender, 2012-August 2015
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-August2015
Females
17
22
Males
20
21
17
Persons convicted of trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by gender,

2010-August 2015
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
JanAugust201
5
Females
Males
Source: Ministerio Publico
Persons convicted were mostly Paraguayan citizens, with the exception of one
European citizen convicted in 2014.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2010-August 2015
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
JanAugust201
5
Women
35
51
56
36
50
42
Men
14
87
15
11
Girls
14
10
11
14
44
31
Boys
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation, 2010-August

2015
180
160
140
120
107
100
39
80
60
28
26
8
29
40
20
54
49
58
Sexual Exploitation
69
37
Forced Labour
61
Victims of trafficking in persons detected in Paraguay, by citizenship, 2012August 2015
Paraguay domestic
trafficking, 145
East Asia, 5
Other South
America, 11
Repatriated Paraguayan victims of trafficking in persons, by country of

repatriation, 2013-August 2015
Spain, 31
Brazil, 22
Other Southern
Europe, 8
Other Americas,
7
Argentina, 49
Peru
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Peru covers all forms of trafficking
indicated in the UN Trafficking in Persons Protocol definition.
Number of offences for trafficking in persons recorded, 2012-May 2015
600
500
400
300
501
458
457
200
272
100
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-May2015
Source: Observatorio de la Criminalidad Sistema de Informacin Estratgica sobre trata de personas

SISTRA.
Number of persons investigated for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2012-May

2015
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2012
2013
2014
Females
331
190
191
Males
273
281
255
Source: Ministerio Publico/Observatorio de la Criminalidad Sistema de Informacin Estratgica

sobre trata de personas SISTRA.
Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2012-May

2015
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2012
2013
2014
Jan-May2015
Females
Males
Source: Direccin de Registro Penitenciario/Gerencia de Desarrollo Corporativo del Poder Judicial/

Observatorio Judicial del Poder Judicial en base a informacin de las Cortes Superiores de Justicia del
pas.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2012-2014
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Total Adults
2012
2013
236
201
2014
Women
360
Men
40
Total Children
477
433
Girls
257
Boys
103

sobre trata de personas SISTRA
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation,

2012-2014
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2012
2013
2014
Domestic servitude
20
Other
Forced labour
109
151
61
Sexual exploitation
280
267
273

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship,

2012-2014
Peru - domestic
trafficking,
1,931
Other South
America, 51
Unrecorded,
226
Central America
and the
Caribbean, 28
Others, 14

Suriname
The current legislation on trafficking in persons in Suriname covers all forms of
The authorities investigated 18 cases of trafficking in persons in the period 20092013.
Source: Police Corps of Suriname.
Persons arrested for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2009-2013

25
20
5
7
15
Females
10
5
0
Males
3
1
3
2009
2010
12
15
5
2011
2012
2013
Victims
Victims of trafficking in persons detected by the police, 2009-2013
25
20
15
10
20
0
2009
2010
2011
5
2012
2013
Uruguay
The specific offence on trafficking in persons in Uruguay covers international human
trafficking only. Domestic trafficking is prosecuted by using other offences.
Between 2010 and 2011, two Uruguayan nationals (one male and one female) were
convicted of trafficking in persons. No convictions were recorded in 2012 and 2013,
while 13 persons were convicted in 2014, and two in the year 2015.
Source: Suprema Corte de Justicia/Poder Judicial e Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres de Ministerio del
Interior.
Victims
While no victims of trafficking were detected in 2012 and 2013, in 2014, 113 victims
were identified. Of these, 108 were adult women trafficked for sexual exploitation,
while five were adults (males and females) trafficked for forced labour. Most of these
victims were citizens of the Dominican Republic (97), while 12 were Uruguayan
citizens, and four were citizens of other South American countries.
Source: Poder Judicial e Inspeccion General del Trabajo y Seguridad Social.
.
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

The current legislation on trafficking in persons in the Bolivarian Republic of
Venezuela explicitly covers trafficking in girls and women, and cross-border
trafficking of males. Other forms of human trafficking are prosecuted by using other
articles of the criminal code, such as that on organized crime.
Cases of trafficking in persons and related offences, 2012-August 2015
35
30
25
20
32
15
21
10
5
11
10
2014
Jan-August2015
0
2012
2013
Source: Oficina Nacional Contra la Delincuencia Organizada y Financiamiento al

Terrorismo/Ministerio Publico.
Persons investigated for trafficking in persons and related offences, by gender,

2012-August 2015
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
2014
JanAugust2015
Females
10
29
Males
10
13

Persons investigated for trafficking in persons and related offences, by gender,

2012-August 2015
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2012
2013
2014
JanAugust2015
Females
18
Males
11
According to the national authorities, 16 persons (7 males and 9 females) were

convicted of trafficking in persons and related offences during the period considered.
Most of them were Venezuelan citizens. Some citizens from other South American
countries were also convicted.
Victims
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2012-August 2015
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2010
2011
2012
Women
21
Men
Girls
Boys
JanAugust201
5
2013
2014
20
32
11
10
29
10
10
14
12

.
Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by forms of exploitation, 2010-August

2015
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2010
2011
2012
Irregular adoption
2013
2014
JanAugust
2015
Forced labour
23
24
11
Sexual exploitation
16
24
11

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by area of citizenship, 2012-Aug2015

Africa, 3
Asia, 11
Other
Americas,
12
Bolivarian
Republic of
Venezuela domestic
trafficking,
66
Source: Oficina Nacional Contra la Delincuencia Organizada y Financiamiento al Terrorismo.
The authorities report that during the period considered, 17 Venezuelan victims were
trafficked and repatriated from other countries, mainly from the Caribbean and
countries in South America.
Source: Oficina Nacional Contra la Delincuencia Organizada y Financiamiento al Terrorismo.

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SOUTH AMERICA

Source: Ministerio Pblico Fiscal, Fiscalnet.

Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015

Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by gender, 2010-2015

Number of persons convicted of trafficking in persons, by country of citizenship,

Victims of trafficking in persons detected in connection with criminal

Victims of trafficking in persons detected in connection with criminal

Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by age, 20102015

Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by form of

Victims of trafficking in persons assisted by national authorities, by citizenship,

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

Source: Policia Boliviana Comando General.

Number of persons investigated by the police for trafficking in persons, by

Source: Direccion Nacional FELCC.

Number of persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2012-July 2015

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Number of detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Detected Bolivian victims of trafficking in persons, by country of exploitation,

Source: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores.

Source: CNJ - National Council of Justice - Federal Regional Courts.

Persons convicted of trafficking for sexual exploitation, forced labour, and

Source: DEPEN- National Penitentiary Department.

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, 2011-2014

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2011-2014

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by age and gender, 2011-2014

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by form of exploitation,

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Detected victims of trafficking in persons, by citizenship, 2011-2014

Source: Ministerio del Interior y Seguridad Publica.

Source: Policia Nacional de Colombia.

Persons arrested for trafficking in persons, by gender, 2012-June 2015

Source: Policia Nacional de Colombia.

Number of cases of trafficking in persons reported by the Office of the

Reported cases of internal

Source: Fiscalia General de la Nacion.

Persons convicted for domestic trafficking in persons,

Source:. Fiscalia General de la Nacion.

Persons convicted for transnational trafficking in persons,

Source: Fiscalia General de la Nacion.

Source: Ministry of Interior/Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Detected victims of trafficking in persons,

Source: Ministry of Interior/Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Detected Colombian victims of trafficking in persons,

Other East Asia,

Source: Ministry of Interior/Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.

Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.

Number of persons convicted for trafficking in persons and other related

Source: Ministerio del Interior.

Number of detected victims of trafficking, by form of exploitation when

Source: Fiscalia General del Estado.

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Persons investigated for trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Persons prosecuted for trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by

Source: Ministerio Publico.

Persons convicted of trafficking in persons (Law 4788/12, Art 129b/c), by gender,