Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Class
Topics
Date:
20-12-2016
Multiple choice questions with one or more than one correct alternative/s
5
1. The value of c in Lagranges theorem for the function f(x) = log sin x in the interval ,
6 6
2
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) none of these
6
2
3
Ans (B)
1
5
5
f log sin lon sin log log 2,
6
2
6
6
f log sin log 2
6
6
1
f (c)
cos x cot x
sin x
5
f f
6
6
By Lagranges mean value theorem, cot c
5
6 6
cot c 0 c
2
5
Thus, c ,
2 6 6
2. If 3(a + 2c) = 4(b + 3d), then the equation ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 will have
(A) no real solution
(B) at least one real root in (1, 0)
(C) at least one real root in (0, 1)
(D) none of these
Ans (B)
ax 4 bx 3 cx 2
Let f (x)
3. Let f (x) e x and f(0) = 10. If A < f(1) < B can be concluded from the mean value theorem, then the
largest value of (A B) equals
(A) e
(B) 1 e
Ans (B)
(C) e 1
2IIT1617MTWS14S
(D) 1 + e
f (1) f (0)
, for some c (0, 1)
1 0
f (1) f (0)
1
2
2
f (1) 10 ec for some c (0, 1) but 1 ec e 1 in (0, 1)
2
ec
4
0,
3
Ans (D)
x
We have g(x) f f (2 x)
2
Given f(x) < 0 x (0, 2)
So, f(x) is decreasing on (0, 2)
x
x
Let 2 x f f (2 x)
2
2
4
Thus, x ,g(x) 0
3
4
4
g(x) decreasing in ,2 and increasing in 0,
3
3
0,
2
If x , then
2
100x99 > 100
[ x > 1 x99 > 1]
100x99 > 0
[ cos x 1 100x99 + cos x > 99]
f(x) > 0 f(x) is increasing in ,
2
2IIT1617MTWS14S
( x) x 1, 2 x 0
0 x 1
f (x) x x 0,
x x 1,
1 x 2
1
Here f(x) decreases only in ,0 otherwise f(x) in other intervals is constant.
2
1
1
7. A function g(x) is defined as g(x) f (2x 2 1) f (1 x 2 ) and f(x) is an increasing function, then
4
2
g(x) is increasing in the interval
2 2
(A) (1, 1)
(B) ,0
,
3
3
2 2
(C) ,
(D) none of these
3 3
Ans (B)
g(x) = xf (2x2 1) xf(1 x2) = x(f(2x2 1) f(1 x2))
g(x) > 0
if x > 0, 2x2 1 > 1 x2 (as f is an increasing function)
2
2 2
3x2 > 2 x ,
, x
,
3 3
3
If x < 0, 2x2 1 < 1 x2
2 2
2
3x2 > 2 x ,
x ,0
3 3
3
8. The maximum value of
(A) 1
(log x)
is
x
2
(B)
e
(C) e
Ans (D)
2IIT1617MTWS14S
(D)
1
e
log x
x
dy
1
11 1
2 log x
(1 log x) 0
dx
x
x x x2
dy
0 log x 1 or x e
dx
For x < e log x < 1 and x > e log x > 1
dy
At x = e,
changes sign from positive to negative and hence y is maximum at x = e and its value is
dx
log e
e1 .
e
y
9. If the function f(x) = 2x3 9ax2 + 12a2x + 1, where a = 0, attains its maximum and minimum at p and q,
respectively such that p2 = q, then a equals to
1
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C)
(D) 3
2
Ans (B)
F(x) = 2x3 9ax2 + 12a2x + 1
f(x) = 6x2 18ax + 12a2 and f(x) = 12x 18a
For maximum / minimum, 6x2 18ax + 12a2 = 0
x2 3ax + 2a2 = 0
(x a) (x 2a) = 0
x = a or x = 2a
Now, f(a) = 12a 18a = 6a < 0 and f(2a) = 24a 18a = 6a > 0
f(x) is maximum at x = a and minimum at x = 2a p = a and q = 2a
Given that p2 = q a2 = 2a a(a 2) = 0 a = 2
min{f (t);0 1 x}; 0 x 1
1
3
5
10. If f(x) = 4x3 x2 2x + 1 and g(x)
then g g g has
3 x;
1 x 2
4
4
4
f (x), if 0 x 2
1
1
Hence, g(x) f , if x 1
2
2
3 x, if 1 x 2
1
3
5
1 1
5 5
g g g f f g
4
4
4
4 2
4 2
11. The least perimeter of an isosceles triangle in which a circle of radius r can be inscribed is
(A) 4 3r
(B) 2 3r
(C) 6 3r
(D) 8 3r
Ans (C)
2IIT1617MTWS14S
d
(sin 2)2
8r(1 sin )[sin 2 cos cos 2 sin cos 2]
(sin 2)2
( AC = AB)
2
(sin 2)
dS
1
0 sin
( sin 1 as is an acute angle)
d
2
6
dS
Now if is little less and little greater than , then sign of
changes from negative to positive.
6
d
4r 1 sin
6
Hence, the least perimeter of the
6 3r
sin
3
12. A wire of length a is cut into two parts which are bent, respectively, in the form of a square and a circle.
The least value of the sum of the areas so formed is
a2
a
(A)
(B) 4
4
a2
a
(C)
(D)
4( 4)
4( 4)
Ans (D)
Given 4x + 2r = a
Where x is side length of the square and r is radius of the circle
1
A x 2 r 2 (a 2r) 2 r 2
16
dA
d2A
a
0 gives r
for which
is positive and hence minimum
dr
2( 4)
dr
a
4a
4x a 2r a
4 4
2IIT1617MTWS14S
a
4
A x2 r2
a2
4( 4)
13. A bell tent consist of a conical portion above a cylindrical portion near the ground. For a given volume
and a circular base of a given radius, the amount of the canvas used is a minimum when the semi-vertical
angle of the cone is
2
2
1
(A) cos 1
(B) sin 1
(C) cos 1
(D) none of these
3
3
3
Ans (A)
Given volume and r
V r (h 3H) H r
3
3
3V
h
2
dS
h
2r
Now, let
0 r
0
dh
3
h2 r2
2
r
5
5h 2 4r 2
tan
3
h
2
h r
2
2
cos cos 1
3
3
14. If for a function f(x), f(a) = 0, f(a) = 0, f(a) > 0, then at x = a, f(x) is
(A) minimum
(B) maximum
(C) not an extreme point
(D) extreme point
Ans (C)
It is a fundamental property.
15. If A > 0, B > 0 and A B , then the maximum value of tan A and tan B is
3
1
1
(A)
(B)
(C) 3
(D)
3
3
Ans (B)
Given A + B = 60 B = 60 A
3 tan A
tan B tan(60 A)
1 3 tan A
t
3t
1 3t
3t t 2
1 3t
where t = tan A
2IIT1617MTWS14S
t 3
3t 1
dz
1
0 t
2
dt
3
1 3t
t = tan A = tan 30
The other value is rejected as both A and B are positive acute angles.
1 dz
1 dz
,
= positive and if t
,
= negative.
dt
3
3 dt
1
1
Hence, maximum when t
and maximum value = .
3
3
If t
16. The number of values of k for which the equation x3 3x + k = 0 has two distinct roots lying in the
interval (0, 1) is
(A) three
(B) two
(C) infinitely many
(D) zero
Ans (D)
Let there be a value of k for which x3 3x + k = 0 has two distinct roots between 0 and 1.
Let a, b be two distinct roots of x3 3x + k = 0 lying between 0 and 1 such that a < b. Let
f(x) = x3 3x + k. Then f(a) f(b) = 0. Since between any two roots of a polynomial f(x), there exists at
least one root of its derivative f(x) = 3x2 3 has at least one root between a and b. But f(x) = 0 has two
roots equal to 1 which do not lie between a and b. Hence f(x) = 0 has no real roots lying between 0 and
1 for any value of k.
17. f(x) = 4 tan x tan2 x + tan3 x, x n
2
1 4 1
3sec 2 x tan x
3 3 9
1 11
3sec 2 x tan x 0, x
3
9
18. Let f(x) = (1 + b2)x2 + 2bx + 1 and let m(b) be the minimum value of f(x). As b varies, the range of m(b)
is
1
1
(A) [0, 1]
(B) 0,
(C) ,1
(D) (0, 1]
2
2
Ans (D)
f(x) = (1 + b2)x2 + 2bx + 1
The graph of f(x) is upward parabola as coefficient of x2 is 1 + b2 > 0.
2IIT1617MTWS14S
D
The range of f(x) is
, , where D is discriminant of f(x).
4a
2
2
4b 4(1 b )
m(b)
4(1 b 2 )
1
m(b)
(0,1]
1 b2
x2
y 2 1 at 3 3 cos ,sin (where 0, ). Then the value of ,
27
2
such that sum of intercepts on axes made by this tangent is minimum, is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
3
6
8
4
Ans (B)
x2
Equation of the tangent to the ellipse
y 2 1 at
3 3 cos ,sin , 0, is
27
2
3x cos
ysin 1
9
Sum of the intercepts = S 3 3 sec cos ec
dS
For minimum values of S,
0
d
3 3 sec tan cos ec cot 0
3 3 sin cos
2 0
cos 2
sin
3
3 3 sin cos3 0
1
tan
3 3 3
1
tan
tan
6
6
3
3
3
(A) 0 x
(B) x
8
4
8
Ans (B
3 1
We have f (x) sin 4 x cos 4 x cos 4x
4 4
f(x) = sin 4x
(C)
3
5
x
8
8
(D)
5
3
x
8
4
x
4
2
Multiple choice questions with one or more than one correct alternative/s
1 x 2 x , then f(x)
2IIT1617MTWS14S
We have
f (x) 2x cot 1 x log
f (x) 2
1 x2 x
1
1
2
1 x
1 x2 x 1 x2
(1 x 2 )
1 2x 2
1
1 2x 2
2
1 x2
1 x2
1 x2 1 x
x2 1 x2
0 for all x
1 x2 1
2
1 x
Hence, f(x) is an increasing function in ( , ) and in particular in (0, ).
2000
2001
(D) f(2x 3) > f(2x)
2000
2001
Also, f(x 1) > f(x 2) as x 1 > x 2 for x.
x
sin t
dt, x 0 , then
t
0
23. If f (x)
Graph of f(x)
Read the passage given below and answer questions 25 to 27 by choosing the correct
alternative
Let f(x) = 4x2 4ax + a2 2a + 2 and the global minimum value of f(x) for x [0, 2] is equal to 3.
25. The number of values of a for which the global minimum value equal to 3 for x [0, 2] occurs at the end
point of interval [0, 2] is
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 0
Ans (B)
26. The number of values of a for which the global minimum value equal to 3 for x [0, 2] occurs for the
value of x lying in (0, 2) is
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 0
Ans (D)
27. The values of a for which f(x) is monotonic for x [0, 2] are
(A) a 0 or a 4
(B) 0 a 4
(C) a > 0
Ans (A)
Solution to passage questions
a
Case 1: 0 2
2
a
In this case, f(x) will attain the minimum value at x .
2
a
Thus, f 3 .
2
1
3 2a 2 a (Rejected) .
2
a
2
2
In this, f(x) attains the global minimum value at x = 2.
Thus, f(2) = 3
3 = 16 8a + a2 2a + 2 a = 5 10 .
Case 2:
2IIT1617MTWS14S
10
Thus, a 5 10 .
a
0
2
In this case, f(x) attains the global minimum value at x = 0. Thus f(0) = 3
Convert the following graph
Case 3:
3 = a2 2a + 2 a = 1 2 . Thus, a 1 2 .
Hence, the permissible values of a are 1 2 and 5 10 .
F(x) = 4x2 49x + a2 2a + 2 is monotonic in [0, 2].
Hence, the point of minima of function should not lie in [0, 2].
a
a
Now f(x) = 0 8x 4a = 0 x . If [0, 2]
2
2
a [0, 4]
For f(x) to be monotonic in [0, 2], a [0, 4] a 0 or a 4.
Numerical Problems
28. If m is the minimum value of f(x, y) = x2 4x + y2 + 6y when x and y are subjected to the restrictions
0 x 1 and 0 y 1, then the value of | m | is
Ans 3
We have f(x, y) = x2 + y2 4x + 6y
Let (x, y) = (cos , sin ), then 0, and
2
f(x, y) = f() = cos2 + sin2 4 cos + 6 sin
f() = 6 cos + 4 sin > 0 0,
2
f() is strictly increasing in 0,
2
f()min = f(0) = 1 4 + 0 = 3
29. Number of integral values of b for which the equation
x3
x b has 3 distinct solution is
3
Ans 1
x3
x b;
3
f(x) = x2 1 = 0
x = 1 or 1
for three distinct roots f(x1) f(x2) < 0 where x1 and x2 are the roots of f(x) = 0
f (x)
1
1
1 b 1 b 0
3
3
2IIT1617MTWS14S
11
2
2
b b 0
3
3
2 2
b ,
3 3
x 3/5
30. Let f (x)
3
(x 2)
if x 1
, then the number of critical points on the graph of the function is
if x 1
Ans 3
A, B, C are the 3 critical points of y = f(x)
K sin x 2cos x
is strictly increasing for all values of x, then
sin x cos x
(B) K > 1
(C) K < 2
(D) K > 2
K sin x 2cos x
is increasing for all x, therefore f(x) > 0 for all x
sin x cos x
K2
0 for all x
(sin x cos x)2
Since f (x)
K2>0K>2
32. The function xx decreases in the interval
(A) (0, e)
(B) (0, 1)
1
(C) 0,
e
(C) (1, )
(D) (1/e, )
Ans (C)
f(x) = xx [1 + log x] = xx log (ex)
f(x) < 0
log(ex) < 0
0 < ex < 1
0 < x < 1/e
33. f(x) = |x loge x| monotonically decreases in
(A) (0, 1/e)
(B) (1/e, 1)
Ans (B)
f(x) = |x loge x|
For g(x) = x loge x,
1
g(x) x log e x 1 log e x
x
2IIT1617MTWS14S
12
1
g(x) increases for , and decreases for
e
Graph of y = g(x) = x logex
1
0, .
e
Graph of y = f(x) = |x logex|
1
From the graph, f(x) = |x loge x| decreases in ,1
e
2
3x 2 6x 9
dx
Let the slope of tangent to the curve at any point be m (say)
dm
m = 3x2 + 6x + 9
6x 6
dx
d2m
6 0 for all x
dx 2
dm
Therefore, m is maximum when
0, i.e., when x = 1
dx
Therefore, maximum slope = 3 + 6 + 9 = 12.
36. The least natural number a for which x + ax2 > 2, (0, ) is
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 5
Ans (B)
Let f(x) = x + ax2 2
f(x) = 1 2ax3 = 0 x = (2a)1/3
Also f(x) = 6ax4 f((2a)1/3) > 0
x = (2a)1/3 is the point of minima.
For x + ax2 2 > 0 x we must have f((2a)1/3) > 0
(2a)1/3 + a(2a)2/3 2 > 0
2a + a 2(2a)2/3 > 0
3a > 2 (2a)2/3
2IIT1617MTWS14S
13
(D) 32
1
37. The value of a for which the function f (x) a sin x sin 3x has an extremum at x x is
3
3
(A) 1
(B) 1
(C) 0
(D) 2
Ans (D)
a cos cos 0
3
a=2
38. The volume of the greatest cylinder which can be inscribed in a cone of height 30 cm and semi-vertical
angle 30 is
(A) 4000
cubic cm
(B) 400
cubic cm
3
3
(C) 4000
cubic cm
(D) none of these
3
Ans (A)
r
30 h
30 tan 30
30
h 30 3r
20
400
20
Hence, Vmax
30 3
3 10
3
3
4000
2IIT1617MTWS14S
14
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) none of these
4
6
3
Ans (C)
b cos = a b cos + b = 4 or b
4
1 cos
4cos
1 cos
1
area ba sin
2
1
4
4cos
4sin 2
sin
2 1 cos 1 cos
(1 cos ) 2
a
d
2cos 2(1 cos ) 2 2sin 2(1 cos )sin
4
d
(1 cos ) 4
d
or
3
40. A box, constructed from a rectangular metal sheet, is 21 cm by 16 cm by cutting equal squares of sides x
from the corners of the sheet and then turning up the projected portions. The value of x so that volume of
the box is maximum is
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
Ans (C)
The dimensions of the box after cutting equal squares of side x on the corner will be
21 2x, 16 2x and height x.
V = x(21 2x) (16 2x)
= x(336 74x + 4x2)
dV
or V = 4x3 + 336x 74x2
= 12x2 + 336 148x
dx
dV
d2V
***
2IIT1617MTWS14S
15