wD /s d Mater hy, re ag ‘ietiden i, Commer ot Cy Rte siresGetting Set Up Start each pull by running fish tape through the conduit. Set the rolls of wire where they can be hans died inio place with minimum effort. When pulling starts, it should continue wittiout interruption until complete. Paling is asi if you buy smal gauge Buleing wire (sizes from AWG 16 to 6) on small disposable feels. Each has trom 500 to 2500 teat af continuous, wire. Mount these reels on a reel frame or dolly that will hold as many reels as there are conductors in the pull. Sat the roel dally at the feed end of the conduit. Larger reels have to be set on reel jacks. Run con- duit oF pipe through the center ax’e of the reel and rest the pipe on the jacks. Then lift the reel so its off the floor, The reel should be mounted so wire feeds from the top of tne eoll. That makes it easiar to handle the wire when necessary. More bonding or stooping is, aaded if wire feeds fram the bottom of the recl. As lite is fed into tha conduit ar duct, someone should apply pulling compound te ease the pulling eto. Power Pulling Equipment ‘A pulling machina is usually required when pulling heavy wird for feoder circuits. Power puling ngs are available in several sizes. A truck-mounted winch can also be used for outdoor wark. Whatever power ‘equipment is used, be sure to Nave good communica tion between both ends of the conduit, Ifthe pull has to be stopped quickly, the operater should know ight away The best pull rate when using power equipment is between 10 and 15 feet per minute, I's easy te pull faster, unt something goes wrong. Than, the faster the pull, the mora likely damage will result before pling can be stopped. On feeder pulls, a nylon pulling rope may be the bast choice if the pling aig has a capstan. Wrap two 40 four turns af pulling rope around the capstan. Have the electrician at the feed end hold the rope taut as the slack is being taken out. Begin the pul. Ifthe load increases during the pull, Nave the operator pull a it tis slack and let the rope slip on the capstan. That slows the pull fo avoid damaging the wire, There are other ways to pull wire, But those iisted hore aro the mest common methods for conduit and duct. Use whatever method helps you get the pulling done most efficiently on the job at hand. No single pulling method is ideal for all situations, Most elects- cal contractors nave several types of pulling equip- ment and usa the mathed that's most appropriate for Job conditions, Adjusting the Cost Tables ‘The tables in this. section show labor and matenal costs and labor hours per 1000 iinear feet of wire when three conductors are pulled at the same timo. That's the most common case on most jobs. The labor cost will be higher per 1000 linear feat of wire when only two conductors are pulied at once. It will usually be lower when more than three conductors ‘are pulled at onea, When pulling three conductors simultaneously, use the tabies in this section without modification. If there are two, three and four wire pulls on a job, and if the 92 average pull is three wires, use the tables without moditication. Only if two of ‘cur wire pulls predomi- nate will it be necessary to acjust the cost tables, it you find that most pulls on a job wil be only wo ‘wires, add about 10 percent to the labor cost per 1000 linear feet of wire. If most pulls will be more tran thee wires, reduce the labor cost by about 10 per- cent for each conductor over three. Increasing Productivity ‘A good supervisor can improve pulling efficiency by planning the job before work begins. Think about ‘the best place to set up the reels. Setting up at the ‘panels is usually a good idea because you can serve ‘many pulls from there. But it may be oasior to fish ‘rom other focations back to the panel. Avoid pulling uphill De whatever is necessary to make tho pull eas- ier. Ba sure there's enough workspace at the pull and ‘tormake pulling possible, String used with mouse fishing can be reused many times if i's handied properly. Some electical ‘contractors feel that string Is. cheaper than the labor needed to col it for reuse. For most contractors its better to save the string When the wire is pulled, leave plenty of extra wire al both ends to make the connection. Leave 10 foot at full size panels, 10 feet to 15 fect at motor contra centers, and 18 inches to 24 inchos at outiets and fix: tures. Vour tako-cff should rotiact these allowances, of course. Flexible Cords The tables that follow include prices for Hlexibie cords, These cords aren't installed in conduit. They're used to connect portable equipment, to extond power temporarily, oF with cortain types of lighting fixtures. Power cords are available on reels with lengths from 25 fact to 100 foot. Largar reels can be ordered also. Flexible cords must be pratected from ahysical dam- ‘age. Check the NEC for restrictions on each type of cord. Taking Off Wire Wire take-off should be based on the conduit take- aff. Add the longih of all conduit runs that havo tho sama number of conductors and use the same wire gauge. Then multiply tha computed tengin by tho umber of conductors and add for the exira wire needed at oach outlet bax and panol. Dont worry about the colors at this point. Get ths tolak quantity so youcan price the wire and labor Mf you get the job, the first step is to check the panel schedules. Find out which eicuite aro single Phase and which are throe phase. i the panols are three phase, wire colors wil ba Diack, rod. blue and whita for 420/208V and brovn, orango, yollow and white for 277/480V. If the panels are 120/240V, wire colove wil be black, racand white. You may want to set aside another colar fr switch fogs. When figuring the quantity of each color, figure about 80 percent of the wire will be the primary colors noted above. Divide the 80 percant equally among the colors needed. The other 20 percent will be white. Wire colors for switch logs can be figured separatoly