Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
NUMBERS
8
12
5
5
1
31
QUOTE CORNER
The first step in the acquisition of wisdom is silence, the second, listening, the third,
memory, the fourth, practice, the fifth, teaching others.
Solomon Ibn Gabriol
STRUCTURE
LEVELS IN BODY
Xiphoid process
T9
Celiac trunk
T12 L1
Spleen
10th rib
Superior mesenteric artery
L1
Stomach pylorus
L1
Spinal cord ends adults
L1-L2
Spinal cord ends children
L3
Pancreas
L1L2
Inferior mesenteric artery
L3
Umbilicus
L3L4
Highest point of iliac crest
L4
Transtubercular plane
L5
ASIS
Sacral promontory
PREGNANT NERVES BLOOD VESSEL CONTAINED
Sciatic nerve
Branch of inferior gluteal artery
Optic nerve
Central retinal artery
*Pregnant nerves- these are the nerves which carry a blood vessel in them.
*Nutrient artery to the tibia is the largest nutrient artery in the body
*Housemaids knee- Prepatellar bursitis
Clergymans knee- Infrapatellar bursitis
LAYERS OF SCALP
S-Skin
C-Connective tissue
A-Aponeurosis
L-Loose areolar tissue
P-Pericranium
CONDITION
Dolicocephaly / Scaphcephaly
Brachycephaly
Trigonocephaly
Oxycephaly/ Acrocephaly/
Terrencephaly
DESCRIPTION
Closure of sagittal suture (anteroposterior
widening)
Closure of coronal suture (transverse suture)
Closure of metopic suture (Posterosuperior
widening)
All sutures are closed
TRIVIAL TRUTH
Each square inch of human skin contains seventy-two feet of nerves
CRANIAL
NERVE
Olfactory
Optic
Occulomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducent
Facial
Vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal
nerve
Vagus
Spinal accessory
Hypoglossal
TYPE
FUNCTION
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Hypoglossal canal
Internal acoustic meatus
Foramen spinosum
Foramen ovale
STRUCTURES
Internal carotid artery, nerve of pterygoid
canal
Inferior petrosal sinus, 9th , 10th , 11th
cranial nerves, internal jugular vein
Facial nerve
Medulla, tonsils of cerebellum, meninges.
Through subarachnoid space- spinal
accessory nerve, vertebral artery, posterior
spinal artery, anterior spinal artery.
Anterior part- ligament of dens, mebrana
tectoria.
Optic nerve
Superior ophthalmic vein.
lacrimal, frontal, Trochlear, occulomotor,
nasociliary, abducent nerves
Hypoglossal nerve
Vestibulocochlear and facial nerves
Middle meningial artery, nervus spinosus,
posterior trunk of middle meningial artery.
Mandibular nerve, lesser petrosal nerve,
accessory meningial artery, vein connecting
cavernous sinus with the pterygoid plexus
of veins.
SENSORY GANGLION
Semilunar (gasserian)
Geniculate
Superior and inferior
ganglion
-----------------//--------------
TASTE SENSATION
Chorda tympani branch of
facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLION
Ciliary
Pterygopalatine, submandibular
Otic
In the wall of viscera
SITE OF LESION
Atrophy of the striatum (Caudate nucleus / Putamen)
Diffuse hypermyelination of Pallidum / Thalamus
Hemorrhagic lesion of Subthalamus
Atrophy of Substantia nigra
Red nucleus
Cerebellum
OCULAR MUSCLES
MUSCLE
NERVE SUPPLY FUNCTION
Superior rectus Occulomotor nerve Moves eyeball upwards and medially
Inferior rectus Occulomotor nerve Moves eyeball downwards and medially
QUOTE CORNER
You see, if you take pains and learn in order to get a reward, the work will seem hard; but
when you work... if you love your work, you will find your reward in that.- Leo
Nikolayevich Tolstoy
ELEVENTH HOUR ANATOMY
5
Occulomotor nerve
Orbicularis oculi
Facial nerve
Levator palpebrae
superioris
Sphincter pupillae
Dilator pupillae
Ciliary muscle
FUNCTION
Moves eyeball medially
moves eyeball laterally
Moves eyeball downwards and
laterally
Moves eyeball upwards and
laterally
Closes eyelids and dilates
lacrimal sac
Raises upper lid
Constricts pupil
Dilates pupil
Controls shape of eye, helps in
accommodation.
LOSS OF VISION
Blindness in that eye
Bitemporal hemianopia
Binasal hemianopia
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Contralateral superior quadrantic anopia
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
TRIVIAL THOUGHT
If you are right handed you tend to chew on the right hand side of your mouth and if you
are left handed you tend to chew on the left hand side of your mouth.
ELEVENTH HOUR ANATOMY
6
INFECTION OF
Thumb and index finger
Middle and ring fingers
Little finger
SPREADS TO
Thenar space
Mid-palmar space
Forearm space of Parona
FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
COMPARTMENT ARTERY
Femoral artery
COMPARTMENT
NERVE
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Branches of profunda
femoris artery
Anterior tibial artery
Sciatic nerve
Superficial peroneal
nerve
Tibial nerve
TRIVIAL TRUTH
Body-snatching was the secret disinterment of bodies in churchyards to sell them for
dissection or anatomy lectures in medical schools. Those who practiced body-snatching
or grave robbing were often called resurrectionists or resurrection-men.
ELEVENTH HOUR ANATOMY
8
TRANSVERSE
ARCH
Cuneiforms,
metatarsals
Deep transverse
ligaments, dorsal
interossei
Peroneus longus
tendon
Peroneus longus
tendon and
peroneus brevis.
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS
Anatomic, functional and surgical units of the lung.
It has a segmental bronchus, a segmental artery, lymph vessels and autonomic nerves.
Segmental vein lies in the connective tissue between adjacent bronchopulmonary
segments.
There are 10 segments on each side.
RIGHT LUNG
LEFT LUNG
Superior lobe
Superior lobe
apical, posterior, anterior
apical, posterior, anterior
Middle lobe
lingular lobe
medial , lateral
superior lingular, inferior lingular
Inferior lobe
Inferior lobe
Superior, medial basal, lateral basal,
superior, medial basal, lateral basal,
QUOTE CORNER
By three methods we may learn wisdom: first, by reflection, which is noblest; second, by
imitation, which is easiest; and third, by experience, which is the most bitter.- Confucius
ELEVENTH HOUR ANATOMY
9
10 inches / 25 cm long
At the beginning of esophagus behind the cricoid
cartilage
Where the left bronchus an the arch of aorta cross the
esophagus
Where the esophagus enters the stomach
CONSTRICTIONS OF ESOPHAGUS
LEVEL STRUCTURE
15 cm
cricopharynx
25 cm
aortic arch
27 cm
left bronchus
40 cm
diaphragmatic entry
Cricopharynx is the narrowest region of gastrointestinal tract.
ESOPHAGUS SHOWS THREE INDENTATION ON RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY
FROM ABOVE DOWNWARDS THEY ARE-
Aortic arch
Left bronchus
Left atrium
TRIVIAL TRUTH
In the late 19th century, millions of human mummies were used as fuel for locomotives in
Egypt where wood and coal was scarce, but mummies were plentiful.
ELEVENTH HOUR ANATOMY
10
Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Splenic artery
Gastroduodenal branch of
hepatic artery
SUPPLIES
Lower third of esophagus, upper
right part of the stomach
Lower right part of the stomach
Fundus
Upper part of greater curvature
Lower part of greater curvature
COVERINGS OF KIDNEY
FROM INSIDE OUT
Fibrous capsule
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia (Fascia of Gerota)
Pararenal fat
(Fascia of Zuckerlandl is the posterior layer of renal fascia)
THE RENAL HILUM TRANSMITS FOLLOWING STRUCTURES FROM FRONT TO
BACKWARDS
Renal vein
Two branches of the renal artery
Ureter
Third branch of the renal artery
URETER
10 inches / 25 cm long
Has three constrictions in its course Where the renal pelvis joins the Ureter
Where it crosses the pelvic brim
Where it enters the bladder wall
*Renal transplantation
Iliac fossa is the preferred site for transplanted kidney
Renal artery is anastomosed end to end to the internal iliac artery and renal vein is
anastomosed end to side with the external iliac vein
RADIATION OF PAIN OF URINARY STONES
LOCATION OF STONE RADIATION OF PAIN
Renal pelvis and Ureter
T11, T12, L1, L2
Flank, loin and groin
Lower part of Ureter
Femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve
L1, L2
Front of thigh
Testis or the tip of the penis
LOBES OF PROSTATE
Anterior lobe
Median / middle lobe (enlarged in BPH)
Posterior lobe (most common site of malignancy)
Right and left lateral lobes
Atonic bladder
Automatic
bladder
Autonomous
bladder
QUOTE CORNER
The problem is never how to get new, innovative thoughts into your mind, but how to get
old ones out. Every mind is a building filled with archaic furniture. Clean out a corner of
your mind and creativity will instantly fill it. Dee Hock