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ABSTRACT
) (
.
(
)Helicobacter pylori( .)
.
.
.
.
.
For over a century, non-virus microorganisms,
notably bacteria have been implicated as causal agents
of cancers, a relatively small number of researchers
have provided evidence to support the so-called
cancer germ hypothesis. With the exception of
the link between Helicobacter pylori and stomach
cancer, other supposed links have been ignored. A
wide range of bacteria and other non-virus microbes,
including fungi, have been implicated over the
years in oncogenesis, as well as the ability to induce
inflammation, which may cause cancer. It seems that
there is no single cancer germ, as most bacteria can
apparently induce cancer. Here, the role of bacteria
and other non-virus microorganisms and oral cancers
will be discussed. By ignoring bacteria as a causal
agent of cancer, we set back our understanding of
this crucially important disease and, as a result, have
hindered the development of potential cures.
Saudi Med J 2016; Vol. 37 (6): 607-612
doi:10.15537/smj.2016.6.14048
OPEN ACCESS
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Table 1 - The association between microbes in the oral cavity and various types of cancers.
Study
Journal
Year
Title
Remarks
Nagy et al42
Oral Oncology
1998
Original article
Shiga et al39
Oncology Reports
2001
Original article
Journal of Translational
Medicine
2006
Review
Head Neck
2009
Systematic Review
2010
Review
2013
Review
PLOS Pathogens
2014
Review
2015
Update
Mager8
Hooper et al32
Chocolatewala et al,35
Schwabe & Jobin9
Whitmore & Lamont
34
Kerr55
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610
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References
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alcohol responsible for more intra-oral cancer? Oral Oncol
2000; 36: 328-333.
5. Brown KR. The unequal burden related to the risk of oral
cancer in the different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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6. Wainwright M. Do fungi play a role in the aetiology of cancer?
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7. Wainwright M. The overlooked link between non-virus
microbes and cancer. Sci Prog 2010; 93: 393-402.
8. Mager D. Bacteria and cancer: cause, coincidence or cure? A
review. J Transl Med 2006; 28: 14.
9. Schwabe RF, Jobin C. The microbiome and cancer. Nat Rev
Cancer 2013; 13: 800-812.
10. Dudgeon LS, Dunkley EV. The Micrococcus neoformans.
Epidemiol Infect 1906; 7: 13-21.
11. Cantwell A. The cancer microbe. Los Angeles (CA): Aries
Rising Press; 1990. p. 283.
12. Cantwell A. Four women against cancer. Los Angeles (CA):
Aries Rising Press; 2005. p. 144.
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