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The water may be present in an aquifer (but rarely one replenished with surface
water). This water gradually replaces the volume of oil and gas that is produced
out of the well, given that the production rate is equivalent to the aquifer activity.
That is, the aquifer is being replenished from some natural water influx. If the
water begins to be produced along with the oil, the recovery rate may become
uneconomical owing to the higher lifting and water disposal costs.
Gravity Drainage[edit]
The force of gravity will cause the oil to move downward of the gas and upward
of the water. If vertical permeability exists then recovery rates may be even
better.