Goal 2

EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2
North Carolina Testing Program
1.
A student tested different foods to determine which organic compounds were present. She
based her results on the following information:
Test
Positive Reaction
Organic
Compound
Indicated
brown paper
shiny spot
fat
Benedicts solution
color change
sugar
iodine solution
color change
starch
Biurets solution
color change
protein
All four tests were performed on skim milk. The observations were that Benedicts
solution changed color and Biurets solution changed color. All other tests had negative
results. Which organic compounds were present in skim milk?
2.
sugar and protein
fat and sugar
sugar and starch
starch and protein
Enzymes are classified as which of the

following biological organic
compounds?
3.
Some organelles have their own DNA

that is distinct from the cells nuclear
DNA. This is true of which organelle?
carbohydrates
cell wall
lipids
mitochondrion
nucleic acids
plasma membrane
proteins
vacuole
Page 1
Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

educational purposes only; not for personal or financial gain.
4.
5.
6.
Pollen in plants is most similar to

which type of cell in humans?
A
egg
embryo
sperm
zygote
What would happen if an animal cell

were placed in a fluid containing less
salt than inside the cell?
A
The cell walls would rupture.
The cytoplasm of the cell would

expand.
Osmosis would carry fluid out of

the cell.
No change would take place.
Protein synthesis occurs at which of

the structures shown below?
7.
Why do cells need buffering agents?
I
II
to function properly in an
extremely acid internal
environment
III
to function properly in an
extremely basic internal
environment
to minimize the changes in pH of

the internal environment
to maintain constant internal

environment at a pH of 10
IV
II
III
IV
Page 2

8.
9.
Consider this graph:
Cell Survival
Placing wilted lettuce in cold water

will make it crisp again. Which
statement best describes what
happens to restore the lettuce to its
original condition?
140
120
Water left the lettuce cells by

diffusion.
Water entered the cells of the

lettuce by osmosis.
Osmosis caused salts to enter the

lettuce cells.
Salts in the leaf caused water to

leave the cells.
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
3 4
pH
Which statement best summarizes the

information in the graph?
A
B
C
D
10.
The cells survive best under

acidic conditions.
The cells survive best under basic
conditions.
These cells would survive better
in distilled water.
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
active transport
osmosis
The survival of these cells does

not affect pH.
11.
Page 3
Which cell process will move

substances against a concentration
gradient?
Individuals who lack lactase are

unable to break down the sugar
lactose. Which term best describes
lactase?
enzyme
fatty acid
lipid
starch

12.
13.
14.
The bacteria that cause tetanus can

survive in a puncture wound that has
healed on the outer surface of the skin.
Through what process do these
bacteria acquire the energy they need
to survive?
15.
Human sperm cells must move

rapidly, often against gravity, in order
to reach the egg before they die.
Based on this information, which
organelle would be more abundant in
a sperm cell than a skin cell?
aerobic respiration
chloroplasts
anaerobic respiration
ribosomes
chemosynthesis
nuclei
photosynthesis
mitochondria
In terms of ATP production, which

process results in the most stored
energy?
A
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
fermentation
photosynthesis
16.
Which most accurately describes the

difference in ATP production between
aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration?
Aerobic respiration produces

more ATP than anaerobic
respiration.
Anaerobic respiration produces

more ATP than aerobic
respiration.
Only anaerobic respiration

produces measurable amounts of
ATP.
Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

produce the same amount of ATP.
Which statement best distinguishes

aerobic from anaerobic respiration?
A
Only aerobic respiration involves

fermentation.
Only anaerobic respiration occurs

in the mitochondria.
Only aerobic respiration requires

oxygen.
Only anaerobic respiration

produces carbon dioxide.
Page 4

17.
Why is anaerobic respiration, in addition to aerobic respiration, utilized by humans during

strenuous physical activity?
A
because perspiration increases
because blood pressure increases
because oxygen supply is inadequate
because the heart beats faster
End of Goal 2 Sample Items

In compliance with federal law, including the provisions of
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, the
Department of Public Instruction does not discriminate on
the basis of race, sex, religion, color, national or ethnic
origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies,
programs, activities, admissions or employment.
Page 5

EOC
Biology
TestID: 4621
Sample Items Key Report

1
Objective:
2.01
Compare and contrast the structure and functions of the following organic molecules:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Analyzing
A
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.01
Compare and contrast the structure and functions of the following organic molecules:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Knowledge
D
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.02
Investigate and describe the structure and functions of cells including:
a. Cell organelles.
b. Cell specialization.
c. Communication among cells within an organism.
Knowledge
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.02
a. Cell organelles.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.02
a. Cell organelles.
Knowledge
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.02
a. Cell organelles.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Wednesday, December 05, 2007
Page 1
EOC
Biology
TestID: 4621

7
10
Objective:
2.02
a. Cell organelles.
Knowledge
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.03
Investigate and analyze the cell as a living system including:
a. Maintenance of homeostasis.
b. Movement of materials into and out of cells.
c. Energy use and release in biochemical reactions.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.03
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.03
Knowledge
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
11
Objective:
2.04
Investigate and describe the structure and function of enzymes and explain their
importance in biological systems.
Applying
A
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
12
Objective:
2.05
Investigate and analyze the bioenergetic reactions:
a. Aerobic Respiration.
b. Anaerobic Respiration.
c. Photosynthesis.
d. Compare and contrast photosynthesis and respiration.
Knowledge
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Page 2
EOC
Biology
TestID: 4621
13
14
15
16
17
Objective:
2.05
c. Photosynthesis.
Organizing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.05
c. Photosynthesis.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.05
c. Photosynthesis.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.05
c. Photosynthesis.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Objective:
2.05
c. Photosynthesis.
Analyzing
Thinking Skill:
Correct Answer:
Page 3

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EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2

North Carolina Testing Program

sugar and protein

fat and sugar

sugar and starch

starch and protein

Enzymes are classified as which of the

Some organelles have their own DNA

Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2

North Carolina Testing Program

Pollen in plants is most similar to

What would happen if an animal cell

The cell walls would rupture.

The cytoplasm of the cell would

Osmosis would carry fluid out of

No change would take place.

Protein synthesis occurs at which of

Why do cells need buffering agents?

to minimize the changes in pH of

to maintain constant internal

Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2

North Carolina Testing Program

Consider this graph:

Placing wilted lettuce in cold water

Water left the lettuce cells by

Water entered the cells of the

Osmosis caused salts to enter the

Salts in the leaf caused water to

Which statement best summarizes the

The cells survive best under

The survival of these cells does

Which cell process will move

Individuals who lack lactase are

Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2

North Carolina Testing Program

The bacteria that cause tetanus can

Human sperm cells must move

In terms of ATP production, which

Which most accurately describes the

Aerobic respiration produces

Anaerobic respiration produces

Only anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Which statement best distinguishes

Only aerobic respiration involves

Only anaerobic respiration occurs

Only aerobic respiration requires

Only anaerobic respiration

Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

EOC Biology Sample Items Goal 2

North Carolina Testing Program

Why is anaerobic respiration, in addition to aerobic respiration, utilized by humans during

because perspiration increases

because blood pressure increases

because oxygen supply is inadequate

because the heart beats faster

End of Goal 2 Sample Items

Published December 2007. May reproduce for instructional and

Sample Items Key Report

Wednesday, December 05, 2007