G.E.

Q.

Make diagrammatic sketch of an air condition plant and system for

cooling accommodation and how to regulate in individual room
control.
Thermostatic expansion valve control.

Condenser

in

Cabins
Cooling water
out

Compressor

Steam
Humidifier

Flat valve

Fresh
Air
Blower fan
Recirculation
Air

Air Filter

Coolin g
coil

Heater
coil

The human body's sensation of comfort influenced by: (a) Surrounding air temperature.
(b) Surrounding air humidity.
(c) Surrounding air velocity.
(d) Surrounding air freshness.
The cooling function of an air conditioning system reduces both the
temperature and humidity of hot humid air. Passing the air over a
cooler takes out both heat and moisture.
Comfort zone is between 40% to 70% relative humidity at 20 to 29C
dry bulb temperature.
Humidification: To increase moisture content, a fine water spray
controlled by solenoid valve can be introduced. This action can be
initiated by HUMIDISTAT.
Dehumidification: Extraction of moisture is achieved by cooling the
atmosphere below its DEW POINT and being initiated by HUMIDISTAT.
The single duct air condition system can provide both HEATING and
COOLING with control of HUMIDITY.
The sketch shown is a single air duct system. The cooling coil is
direct expansion and a separate steam heating coil is fitted in the
unit for winter heating.
About 25% of outside air is drawn in so as to balance the system
circulation. Extra moisture added to the air by Humidifier reduces its
drying effect. Humidifier must be installed after the steam heaters to
prevent dryness of nasal passage, mouth and throat causing discomfort.

G.E.K

INDIVIDUAL ROOM CONTROL

The all zones' temperature control can be manipulated by the use of
compressor suction pressure via the solenoid valves as step
controlling and capacity unloading of compressor units as required.
The last step controlling has been done by capacity unloader and to
save the workload of the compressor by means of thermostat placed at
some accommodation space and it actuates the Master solenoid valve of
the Refrigeration plant which will stop the compressor when the preset temperature has been reached.
The particular Zone's temperature can be controlled by the flap
valve provided at each loop of the Zone ducts.
Local cabin temperature can be adjusted by volume controlled at the
delivery point air duct controller.
Thermostatic expansion valve control
The thermostatic expansion valve controls the flow of liquid
refrigerant to the evaporator, in such a way as to keep practically
that (1) entire coil filled with evaporating refrigerant and also to
keep (2) a constant super heat in the refrigerant vapour leaving the
evaporator.
The opening of valve is control by pressure variation on the top of
the diaphragm. The pressure on the diaphragm is form a closed system
of heat sensitive fluid (charge with the same refrigerant used in the
system) in the bulb; fasten to the evaporator out let, in the
capillary connected to the top of the diaphragm.
If the evaporator is operating with no super heat the pressure above
and below the diaphragm are equal. The diaphragm is also spring loaded
so that the refrigerant gas on the evaporator out let obtained super
heat temperature of about 6.6C.
{Not for exam: In passing through the valve there is the certain drop in pressure and
temperature, and a proportion of the refrigerant liquid flashes into gas. The
expansion valves have small orifice in order to effect the desire pressure reduction.
They are therefore prone to choke from any dirt in the system and so are always
protected by fine filters, which should be cleaned if any blockage is suspected. As
this valve is the first in the refrigerating circuit at which the temperature falls,
and if the plant is operating temperature below 0C, then any moisture in the circuit
will freeze out and ice may choke the expansion valve.}
When a valve is functioning correctly frost form on the outlet side of the valve,
and if the inlet side thus show frosting then this is a sign of blockage.