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Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) What limits the resolving power of a light microscope?
A) the type of heavy metal or dye that is used to stain the specimen
B) the ratio of an object's image to its real size
C) the shortest wavelength of light used to illuminate the specimen
D) the type of lens used to magnify the object under study
E) the type of lens that focuses a beam of electrons through the specimen
2) When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells, they most likely would use
A) a scanning electron microscope.
B) a light microscope.
C) a transmission electronic microscope.
D) both A and C.
E) A, B, and C.
3) A primary objective of cell fractionation is
A) to crack the cell wall so the cytoplasmic contents can be released.
B) to identify the enzymes outside the organelles.
C) to view the structure of cell membranes.
D) to separate the major organelles so their particular functions can be determined.
E) to determine the size of various organelles.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Figure 7.1
Cell fractionation can be accomplished by a series of increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge. The figure above
shows the results of such a series of spins. Match the letter of the cell fractions that would be obtained by the
numbered steps.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
ribosomes
microsomes
supernatant
nuclei
mitochondria
4) fraction number 1
5) fraction number 2
6) fraction number 3
7) fraction number 4
8) fraction number 5
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
9) Which of the following are prokaryotic cells?
A) fungi
B) bacteria
C) plants
D) animals
E) both B and C
10) Which of the following is not found in a prokaryotic cell?
A) cell wall
B) endoplasmic reticulum
C) plasma membrane
D) ribosomes
E) DNA
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
For the following questions, use the lettered answers to match the structure to its proper cell type. Choose the most
inclusive category. Each answer may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
18) Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?
A) Golgi vesicles
B) lysosomes
C) plasmodesmata
D) tight junctions
E) rough ER
19) To which structure would you assign the function of secretion activities leading, for example, to the formation
of a new cell wall in plants?
A) tight junctions
B) smooth ER
C) plasmodesmata
D) lysosomes
E) Golgi vesicles
20) Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane flow in the endomembrane system?
A) ER chloroplasts mitochondrion cell membrane
B) Golgi lysosome ER plasma membrane
C) rough ER vesicles Golgi plasma membrane
D) nuclear envelope lysosome Golgi plasma membrane
E) tonoplast plasma membrane nuclear envelope smooth ER
21) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) nucleolusribosomal RNA
B) lysosomeprotein synthesis
C) cytoskeletonmicrotubules
D) nucleusDNA replication
E) cell membranelipid bilayer
22) Which of the following cell components is not directly involved in synthesis or secretion?
A) ribosomes
B) Golgi bodies
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
E) lysosome
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Refer to the following five terms to answer the following questions. Choose the most appropriate term for each
phrase. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
lysosome
tonoplast
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
peroxisome
38) Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is not correct?
A) chromosomes: genetic control information
B) chloroplasts: chief site of cellular respiration
C) mitochondria: formation of ATP
D) ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
E) cell wall: support, protection
39) Of the following, which cell structure would most likely be visible with a light microscope that had been
manufactured to the maximum resolving power possible?
A) mitochondrion
B) ribosome
C) largest microfilament
D) microtubule
E) nuclear pore
40) In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which
of the following organelles functions in this compartmentalization?
A) peroxisome
B) lysosome
C) glyoxysome
D) chloroplast
E) central vacuole
41) Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape, organization,
and movement of the cell. All of the following are part of the cytoskeleton except
A) microtubules.
B) actin.
C) intermediate filaments.
D) microfilaments.
E) the cell wall.
42) Which of the following is not a known function of the cytoskeleton?
A) to hold mitochondria and other organelles in place within the cytosol
B) to provide mechanical support to the cell
C) to maintain characteristic shape of the cell
D) to maintain a critical limit on cell size
E) to assist in cell motility by interacting with specialized motor proteins
43) Which of the following possesses a microtubular structure similar in form to a basal body?
A) nucleolus
B) peroxisome
C) ribosome
D) centriole
E) lysosome
44) What structure is often deposited in several laminated layers and has a strong and durable matrix that affords
the cells protection and support?
A) secondary cell wall
B) primary cell wall
C) middle lamella
D) tonoplast
E) glycocalyx
45) Microfilaments are well known for their role in which of the following?
A) contracting of muscle cells
B) ameboid movement
A) intermediate filaments.
B) desmosomes.
C) plasmodesmata.
D) gap junctions.
E) tight junctions.
54) All of the following are associated with the extracellular matrix of animal cells except
A) proteoglucans.
B) cellulose.
C) fibronectins.
D) collagen.
E) integrins.
55) Cells would be unable to form cilia or flagella if they do not have
A) ribosomes.
B) plastids.
C) chloroplasts.
D) actin.
E) centrioles.
56) Which of the following intercellular junctions are common in epithelial tissue?
A) desmosomes
B) tight junctions
C) gap junctions
D) both A and B
E) A, B, and C
1) Answer: C
2) Answer: C
3) Answer: D
4) Answer: D
5) Answer: E
6) Answer: B
7) Answer: A
8) Answer: C
9) Answer: B
10) Answer: B
11) Answer: A
12) Answer: D
13) Answer: B
14) Answer: B
15) Answer: C
16) Answer: C
17) Answer: B
18) Answer: E
19) Answer: E
20) Answer: C
21) Answer: B
22) Answer: E
23) Answer: D
24) Answer: A
25) Answer: A
26) Answer: C
27) Answer: A
28) Answer: C
29) Answer: E
30) Answer: E
31) Answer: B
32) Answer: E
33) Answer: C
34) Answer: D
35) Answer: A
36) Answer: C
37) Answer: D
38) Answer: B
39) Answer: A
40) Answer: B
41) Answer: E
42) Answer: D
43) Answer: D
44) Answer: A
45) Answer: E
46) Answer: C
47) Answer: C
48) Answer: B
49) Answer: B
50) Answer: D
51) Answer: D
52) Answer: D
53) Answer: D
54) Answer: B
55) Answer: E
56) Answer: E