First Pages of Ende Dictionary

A preliminary dictionary of Ende
#1, 2016
June 26, 2016
Compiled by Kate Lindsey with the assistance of members of the Limol and Malam
villages, including:
Limol: Winson Warama, Sowati Kurupel, Jerry Dareda, Warama Kurupel, Tony
Warama, Sali Mado, Dugal Karea, Rex Kurupel, Mesa JNR Kurupel, Bodog Joenang,
Garai Pewe, Galo Minong, Sawapa Badu, Sam Pine, Kenny Dareda, Johnny Bodog,
Inawa Dareda, Mado Karea, Kaoga Dobola, Duiya Sobam, Wagiba Geser, Alopa
Benaeya, Wendy Frank, Donae Kurupel, Musato Giwa, Warea Giniya.
Malam: Joshua Ben Danipa, Diwa Nagam, Dobola Katwam, Dipa Nagam, Sakin
Sobam, Ttube Garaz, Sali Goge, Amadu Ogowa, Mayu Dobola, Bonso Kwai, Tano
Solomon, Mano Mesa, Sibiya Amadu.
Compilation help from Gwynn Lyons and Catherine Scanlon.
A preliminary dictionary of Ende

(#1, 2016)
Kate Lindsey
Preliminary version based on work in Limol village, 2015.

Do not quote without permission.
klindsey@stanford.edu
Table of Contents
Ende Orthography............................................................................................................ iii
Ende Dictionary................................................................................................................. 1
Reverse English Dictionary............................................................................................ 112
Ende Semantic Domains................................................................................................ 138
ii
Ende Orthography
Ende Eka IPA Panypeny - Examples
Llg Eka Kutt - Vowels
A, a
amo, baba, kza; Kza amo baba dan?
ndt, kza
E, e
ede, gem, ade; Ede gem ade nibeny.
I, i
ikop, diba, titi; Ikop diba titi wee.
bi, llg; Llg a bi allan.
O, o
ott, tot, toto; Toto watt ott tot.
U, u
udu, tum, matu; Matu mee udu tum.

Mg Eka Kutt - Consonants
B, b
baet, ibeny, tab; Baet ibeny ee tab gogon.
D, d
dan, ide; Dan ide mee.
Dd, dd
ddia, iddi, midd; Ddia midd iddi.
G, g
gz, ngonongg, mg; Mg gz ee ngonongg.
K, k
kakne, eka, nngk; Kakne eka de nngk.
L, l
lel, malam; Lel mee malam.
Ll, ll
M, m
mn, amd, km; Amnd, ne km ee mae mn.
N, n
not, andr, tn; Andr a not tn de.
Ng, ng
ngn, ngna, ngmo; Ngna ngmo ngn de.
Ny, ny
nyng, nony; Nyng de nony.
P, p
paa, apte, tap; Apte paa ott att tap.
R, r
rorwae, arrre, tr; Rorwae mee arrre tr ee.
S, s
sana, eso, waswes; Eso eka sana wee waswes alle.
T, t
tt, itrellang; Tt mee itrellang.
Tt, tt
ttn, atta, patt; Ttn patt atta.
W, w
widere, awe; Awe att widere.
Y, y
yae; Yae bo nyeny pallall tameny.
lltt, mllam, gagll; Gagll lltt ee mllam a mudan.
Z, z, J, j z, d zazer, bnz; Bnz a zazer allan.

iii
Aa
a nominal particle Eng subject/agent
a connective Eng and
a- verb Eng 1/2.sg.object.rempst/fut
a- verb Eng 1/2.3du.object.recpst
-a verb Eng 3.sg.object.nonpres
- verb Eng 3.sg/pl.object.nonpres
admenyn verb Eng to sit Reference: 133:17. (semantic

domains: Physical actions.)
adrl common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
Warama. (semantic domains: Tree.)
aduwi common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
aag common noun Eng 5am - 11am Reference: 24:20.

(semantic domains: Period of time.)
aeb common noun Eng brush turkey, bush fowl (semantic

domains: Bird.)
aag duem common noun Eng breakfast Reference: 24:28.

aeb common noun Eng bushfowl End wllang me
abal adjective Eng very

aball 1) adverb Eng exactly 2) adjective Eng very
(semantic domains: General adjectives.)
Abam proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa Dareda. (semantic
domains: Name of a place.)
Aberegerem proper noun Eng place name Reference:
Bodog Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa Dareda.

(semantic domains: Name of a place.)
ablaban common noun Eng puberty Reference: 175:15.

(semantic domains: Stage of life.)
Abo aag mee ikop bogeya. phrase Eng See you
tomorrow. Reference: 114:13.
abor common noun Eng Used for beating sago. End Abor a
era sana tnen ma da. Reference: 73:24. (semantic
domains: Tool.)
ada connective Eng and Reference: 131:14.
adawalle adverb Eng from there
adawatta connective Eng because
adawatta connective Eng because ngmi ddone abllan
adawatta yogoll allan. We couldn't go because of
the rain. Reference: 132:2.
Adi proper noun Eng God
admen verb End 1. Kum alle ekaklle mee dmenang
giddoll. 2. Ttongdae ngttma me giddoll.
i
Reference: 15:5. (semantic domains: Physical actions.)
giddollag pa dan, totalle maa ulle mnyi bogn.
Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic domains: Bird.)

-aeb verb Eng du/pl.agent.pl.object.nonpres
aebaeb common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
aengab common noun Eng type of yam (semantic
domains: Food from roots.)
aetruaetru common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
agbaebn verb Eng jump Mn a kdkd dag walle
wee mnyi bogbaebn. The girl will jump in the
cold water. Reference: 148:6. (semantic domains:
Physical actions.)
agbn verb Eng jump Mn a kdkd dag walle wee
agbaebn. The girl is jumping in the cold water.
Reference: 148:8. (semantic domains: Physical
actions.)
agbn, agbaeb verb Eng jump Reference: 15:8.
(semantic domains: Physical actions.)
agbnan, gogbnn verb Eng jumped Reference:
15:55. (semantic domains: Physical actions.)
agbn verb Eng jump (semantic domains: Swim.)
agbn verb End walle iik mee bun alle gbaeb
Reference: 183:23. (semantic domains: Water.)
Agob proper noun Eng language name Reference: 142:14.
(semantic domains: Names of languages.)
ai abal tameny
ai abal tameny phrase Eng very good teaching/learning

Reference: 55:43. (semantic domains: School.)
kakne damtt allo. Reference: 143:2. (semantic

domains: Musical instrument.)
ai skul common noun Eng high school Reference: 55:44.

(semantic domains: School.)
allp de ekaeran verb Eng play music Reference: 15:46.

ai skul common noun Eng secondary school Reference:

55:15. (semantic domains: School.)
Allpma proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
Ainor proper noun Eng Ainor

aitar common noun Eng type of palm tree Reference:
alle postposition 1) Eng with 2) Eng from
k verb Eng to beat the wife if she doesn't do what the

husband says Reference: 64:17. (semantic domains:
Conflict.)
allko common noun Eng flying insect, doesn't bite

(semantic domains: Insect.)
Tony Warama. (semantic domains: Tree.)
Aketa proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

ako adverb 1) Eng also 2) Eng again
ako connective Eng and, again Reference: 131:15.
ako ttongo common noun Eng the other one Reference:
134:14.
ali common noun Eng conch shell
Ali proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
-alla verb Eng 1/2.du/pl.agent.recpst/pres
allaingollang pronoun Eng whatever Ngna dade
allaingallang wea! Come whatever way! Reference:
Inawa Dareda, Sawa Badu. (semantic domains:
Question words.)
allaingollang adverb Eng how Reference: Inawa
Dareda, Sawa Badu. (semantic domains: Question
words.)
Allangbun proper noun Eng Camp. Reference: Bodog

allp common noun End Allp a dba wa biwj llo watt

tratre att dan a ttang pallta walle papa madan.
Reference: 143:7. (semantic domains: Musical
instrument.)
llp common noun Eng body of drum Gee erame llo
tep alle gajibra ttoe de ddoddgoll allo dape de
-alle verb Eng 2.sg.agent.recpst/pres
allko common noun End pullgaebag allko sapasapanga

dadegn Reference: 77, 95:11. (semantic domains:
Music, Types of animals.)
allko kukut common noun Eng bluefly Reference:

Joshua Ben Danipa. (semantic domains: Music, Types
of animals.)
allkowallgnewallgnen common noun End llayaba
ttokoema sanadan ge, ubiae mnyi bkmeyo.

Reference: 97:30. (semantic domains: Tree, Food from
plants.)
-allo verb Eng 3.du/pl.agent.recpst/pres

ama common noun End Ama da era ma gonen ma da.
Reference: 73:13. (semantic domains: Tool.)
amamr common noun End Amamr a era yu da a za
patkol ma da. Reference: 73:1. (semantic domains:
Tool.)
amba common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
amne common noun Eng center

Amne kona proper noun Eng Central corner in Limol.
Reference: Bodog Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa
Dareda. (semantic domains: Name of a place.)
amo relative pronoun Eng whom
amodan Eng whose Gee amo rula dan? Whose ruler is
this? Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa Badu.
(semantic domains: Question words.)
amom Eng whom Bongo amom ikop nagagalle?
Whom did you see? Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa
arle
amom
3
Badu. (semantic domains: Question words.)
amteamte common noun Eng bow part Reference:
137:17. (semantic domains: Hunt and fish.)
amteamte common noun Eng body part Reference:
128:37. (semantic domains: Body.)
amtet common noun Eng breathing
-an verb Eng 1/3.sg.agent.recpst/present
-n verb Eng 3.sg.agent.rempst/fut
ndt verb Eng to hear Reference: 133:6. (semantic
angde connective Eng when
angde Eng when Bongo mnyi angde wea? When are
you coming? Bongo angde da? When are you
coming? Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa Badu.

anggog common noun Eng body part Reference: 128:34.
(semantic domains: Body.)
anggwuanemeny Eng cook Reference: 15:2. (semantic
angkpll common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
apapi common noun End llo popo naneang dan

Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic domains: Bird.)
apapun common noun Eng short, fruity grass (semantic
domains: Grass, herb, vine.)
apgllu common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
apte gabn numeral Eng other wrist Reference: 41:35.
(semantic domains: Number.)
apte kllatollma numeral Eng other middle finger
Reference: 41:33. (semantic domains: Number.)
apte mnda numeral Eng orther thumb Reference: 41:30.
apte matta numeral Eng other shoulder Reference:
41:36. (semantic domains: Number.)
apte ntkin numeral Eng other ring finer Reference:
apte ngam numeral Eng other breast Reference: 41:37.
apte trang esa numeral Eng other pinky Reference:
apte ttang kum numeral Eng other elbow Reference:
anke common noun Eng spirit Reference: 156:15.

(semantic domains: Die.)
apte tupi numeral Eng other pointer finger Reference:

ankom common noun Eng tree ants End Ankom a dlag
arabuni common noun Eng red backed button quail

(semantic domains: Bird.)
dan. Obo ziiz a kngkm madan nane we kumye

itrell trp mee. Ako mllng obd trp mee ziiz
a mllng dungg madan llo ttam peyang lnen att

mee. Ziiz de ada madan, be mgdada, bllkapa
wa minny a ddgnan madag. Reference: Warama

Kurupel. (semantic domains: Traditional medicine.)
arado common noun Eng spear Reference: 121:3.

(semantic domains: Fishing.)
Argapetkae proper noun Eng place name Reference:
any common noun Eng something
arlle common noun Eng sound of the wallaby Reference:

112:4.
anyke common noun Eng spirit
arapa common noun Eng guitar
ao interjection Eng yes
ariga common noun Eng hook Reference: 126:8.

(semantic domains: Fishing.)
aolidae adjective Eng few Reference: 44:16. (semantic

domains: General adjectives.)
apapi common noun Eng butterfly (semantic domains:
Insect.)
arle common noun End 1. Ttongo lla da llellang atta

arle bogon. 2. Tttp atta ullowae aball ngna
bogon. Reference: 5:38.
arlle
arlle common noun Eng scream
aulmn common noun Eng conception Reference: 19:6.

(semantic domains: Birth.)
arup common noun Reference: 171:33. (semantic

domains: Clothing.)
auma common noun Eng grave Reference: 156:10.

(semantic domains: Die.)
Arupi proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

as common noun Eng Introduced banana. You can eat
aumaang common noun Eng graveyard Reference:

156:16. (semantic domains: Die.)
auri common noun Eng metal
when ripe, cook the green. End Ge wup a ulle pttang
ause common noun Eng old woman (semantic domains:

Types of people.)
ottma dan ako kire me yumadan. Reference:
ause common noun Eng old woman Reference: 99:25.

(semantic domains: Relationships.)
dan obo dg a yuwog dag. Obo kp a ome
Sowati Kurupel. (semantic domains: Food from fruit.)

asa bume common noun Eng bird type Reference: 88:3.
Awaba proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

asiasi common noun Eng type of tree, tall with edible

fruits, used for canoe (semantic domains: Tree.)
awll common noun Eng fig tree (semantic domains:

Tree.)
asiasi common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
awll common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
asip common noun Eng Introduced banana. You can cook

when green and ripe. End Ge wup a ulle tanong dan
obo kp a ome ottmadan ako kire me yuma dan
Reference: Sowati Kurupel. (semantic domains: Food

from fruit.)
atrepo common noun Eng taro type Reference: Sowati

awi common noun Eng 5pm - darkness Reference: 24:30.
Awi proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
aya relative pronoun Eng who
Kurupel. (semantic domains: Food from roots.)
aya Eng who Dbe ainn? Who is that? Bongo ainn?
att postposition Eng from

aturwaman Eng lying down Reference: 15:57. (semantic
Who are you? Kollba de aya nokowan? Who cut

the fish? Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa Badu.
au verb Eng to bury Reference: 156:9. (semantic domains:

Physical actions.)
Bb
b- verb Eng fut
ba pronoun Eng 1.du/pl.poss
bab common noun Eng type of small yam (semantic
bab common noun Eng small yam Reference: 173:56.
(semantic domains: Food from roots.)
baba common noun Eng father (semantic domains:

Family, clan.)
baba common noun End jajeme bunlla ngattongangdan
Reference: 51:11. (semantic domains: Relationships.)
babaem common noun End sisor kmag wel Reference:
95:17.
bkn
babaem
5
babaem common noun Eng in February (beatururang),
windy time. Wind comes from every direction. Men go
hunting during this time. Reference: 23:10. (semantic
domains: Season.)
babdu common noun Eng taro type Reference: Sowati
bbnge common noun Eng type of fruit plant, edible
(semantic domains: Grass, herb, vine.)
bd common noun Eng type of tree, large (semantic
domains: Tree, Grass, herb, vine.)
bd common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
badar common noun Eng tree, young shoots. treats
diarhoea. Scratch the skin off, drink the inside (pith).
End Gee llo da ade gllpang dan kakne ttoe a. Tep
baet common noun Eng cuscus Reference: 99:45.

(semantic domains: Types of animals.)
bgbgl common noun Eng body part Reference:
127:25. (semantic domains: Body.)
bgl common noun Eng bow (semantic domains: Hunt.)
bgl common noun End Bgl a era tobol spun ma da
Reference: 74:4. (semantic domains: Tool.)
bgl bgl common noun Eng small bow made out of
bamboo Reference: 137:22. (semantic domains: Hunt
and fish.)
bgl de popoeran Eng shaping the bow Reference:
bgl mtrt common noun Eng bow part Reference:
a obo pllm pllm dan a sisor kngkm peyang
bgl odar common noun Eng place for bows and arrows
Reference: 158:31. (semantic domains: Household
equipment.)
kokllo madan kngkm ee a nane we klla ine
bgl tangge common noun Eng extra bow string

Reference: 137:16. (semantic domains: Hunt and fish.)
ott madan klla ine trp mee. Iigi ttoe de ade
trp mee. Reference: Warama Kurupel. (semantic

domains: Traditional medicine.)
badar common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bdd verb Eng to kill Reference: 156:1. (semantic
bdde common noun Eng type of tree, large, grows on
riverside (semantic domains: Tree, Grass, herb, vine.)
bdde common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bdde common noun Eng big taro Reference: Sowati
bdma common noun Eng treats general sickness. Plant,
cut stem, chew like sugar cane. Also throw into hot
water and wash with it. End tatumadan itrellangone
obo ine wala ddob kaepnenmadan. Reference:
Warama Kurupel. (semantic domains: Traditional

medicine.)
bdma ibeny common noun Eng peace restoration (with
bdma) Reference: 64:4. (semantic domains: Conflict.)
baet common noun Eng cuscus (semantic domains:
Marsupial.)
bgallem common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bgm common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bgem common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bagen common noun Eng big taro Reference: Sowati

bggl common noun Eng bow

Baiduwa proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
Baim proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

bait common noun Eng ouscus Reference: 78:25.

bkn common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bkwem
bkwem common noun Eng place for making fire

Reference: 158:25. (semantic domains: Household
equipment.)
Bmg proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
Balimo proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog
bmng common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bll common noun Eng thigh Reference: 128:13. (semantic

domains: Body.)
bll kutt common noun Eng femur Reference: Warea
Giniya. (semantic domains: Parts of a reptile.)
ballg common noun Eng will beetlenut palm End Obo
ttama sana yumadan. Reference: 97:14. (semantic
domains: Tree.)
bllg common noun Eng type of palm tree (semantic
domains: Tree.)
bllg common noun Eng Introduced banana. You can eat
the ripe, cook the green, make coconut cream (popel).
End Ge wup a tubu tubu pnyanjag dan ptt a
klsere dan. Obo dg a yuwog dag. Ome kpa

bamearoro common noun Eng grows in the grassland,

edible End Ddddgmadan, apme pddabagdan
Reference: Joshua Ben Danipa. (semantic domains:

Moss, fungus, algae.)
band common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bndam common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bandra common noun Eng song

bandra common noun End Kili mee o ingong mee lla
yaba bod gallagallab lltnen ma. Reference: 143:4.
(semantic domains: Musical instrument.)
obo mer moko dag, kire da yumadag ako
bandra lltt Eng singing a song Reference: 65:16.

(semantic domains: Dance.)
alle. Ada popel a obo kaikep madan ankom
bandrallan Eng singing Reference: 15:34. (semantic

mubuine da ngasnges madan nge kolnen att yd

peyang, pag peyang koldimadan. Reference:
Sowati Kurupel. (semantic domains: Food from fruit.)
bllg common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
blle postposition Eng for
ballma common noun Eng biting bee, found in trees
Reference: 63:4. (semantic domains: Insect.)
ballo bllabllott common noun Eng big taro Reference:
Sowati Kurupel. (semantic domains: Food from
roots.)
blltoe common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bam pronoun Eng 2.sg.object
bam bam doros common noun Eng bum bum pants
Reference: 171:1. (semantic domains: Clothing.)
Bam itrell da nallan? Eng Are you sick? Reference:
114:12.
bne pronoun Eng 2.sg.poss

bangbag common noun Eng type of iguana (semantic
domains: Lizard.)
bangu common noun Eng headdress Reference: 171:9.
(semantic domains: Clothing.)
bnj common noun Eng biting bee, found in trees
Reference: 63:7. (semantic domains: Insect.)
bnjibnji common noun End Tupi pddabag,
pttullong sanadan Tkllang. Reference: 97:16.
(semantic domains: Tree, Food from plants.)
bny verb Eng cut
bnz common noun Eng mosquito (semantic domains:
Insect.)
bnz common noun Eng mosquito Reference: 165:3.
(semantic domains: Poison.)
baob common noun Eng waterlily (semantic domains:
Grass, herb, vine.)
bazere
baob
7
baob common noun End karama mee pddabag llo
popo angde kokottang kpa otnan mada
Reference: 183:49. (semantic domains: Water.)
Baogab proper noun Eng Camp. Reference: Bodog

bapllg verb Eng to fly Ngmo moko da ngna

bapllg. I wish I could fly. Reference: 133:5.
br brl common noun End ybad me inema ibiyag
pa dan Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic domains:

Bird.)
brt common noun 1) Eng type of yam (semantic

domains: Food from plants.) 2) Eng type of small yam
btny common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

btbt common noun Eng black Reference: 76:14.
(semantic domains: Color.)
batri common noun Eng battery
batrin common noun Eng battery
batt common noun Eng adult Reference: 175:8. (semantic
domains: Stage of life.)
btte common noun Eng huge Papuan black snake. Edible.
End
Btte da era btbt gullem da. Ddgnang ma
da. Mlla kuddlle lla ddddgang da. Reference:

79:3. (semantic domains: Snake.)
bttekwibiag common noun Eng type of snake, large,
black, edible (semantic domains: Snake.)
brt common noun Eng small yam Reference: 173:30.

baur common noun Eng arrow type Reference: Johnny
brke common noun Eng parrot eclectus, a bird that lives
bawa common noun 1) Eng rain shower 2) Eng rain

showers (semantic domains: Rain.)
in the tree. One is red, the other is green. End ako llo
ikme giddollag pa dan. Ttongo mamam dan,
ttongo kukollkukoll dan. Reference: Mayu Dobola.

Bodog, Inawa Dareda. (semantic domains: Hunt.)
bawa common noun Eng June. Storms/rain showers.

Hunting, fishing. Reference: 23:11. (semantic domains:
Season.)
bawa common noun End wamwamn yogll
(kumddga kok malakpme) Reference: 21:6.

(semantic domains: Weather.)
Engparrot
eclectus
brkebrke common noun Eng red algea with ferns, like

the brke, it comes in two colors red and green
(semantic domains: Grass, herb, vine.)
Basido proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

Basido kona proper noun Eng Pastor's corner in Limol.

End
Limol ttngm me ddob ttngm bin Reference:

bt common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bawa minyminy common noun Eng July. Small showers.

Hunting, fishing. Reference: 23:3. (semantic domains:
Season.)
bawa mnmn common noun Eng small showers falling
down Reference: 21:11. (semantic domains: Weather.)
bawa pokallmall common noun End bem me ine
ngangllab Reference: 183:2. (semantic domains:

Water.)
bawa sarasaram common noun End yogll minyminy

Reference: 132:1.
bawur common noun Eng made out of stick Reference:
bazere common noun Eng type of small yam (semantic
bazere common noun Eng small yam Reference: 173:15.
be
be connective Eng but
bette common noun Eng crimson finch End llo ttkalle
be Eng wheras Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa Badu.

ma gogowag pa klsre dan Reference: Mayu

Dobola. (semantic domains: Bird.)
be Eng but Reference: 131:4.

beatururang common noun Eng February. Flood time.
Heavy rain with lightning/thunderstorms. Reference:
23:8. (semantic domains: Season.)
bebe common noun Eng edible End Kutta obo klekleda,
wttma maab dan ge ttongo. Reference: 97:41.
(semantic domains: Tree.)
begere common noun Eng type of big yam (semantic

begere common noun Eng big yam Reference: 173:4.
bem common noun Eng sea (semantic domains: Ocean,
lake, Bodies of water.)
bem common noun Eng sea Reference: 183:34. (semantic
domains: Water.)
Bem a kllmagan. Eng Sea becomes calm, literally:
sea is lagoon. End Bem a mtaru abal bogon.
Reference: 7:9.
Bem a tongoe allan. Eng Sea gets very rough, literally:
sea is laughing. End Bem ine da mngallang abal
bogon. Reference: 7:13.
benanbenan common noun Eng arrow type Reference:
Johnny Bodog, Inawa Dareda. (semantic domains:
Hunt.)
bendoi verb Eng to barter Reference: 166:8. (semantic
Engcrimson
finch,
female
beyat common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bib common noun Eng spring (semantic domains: Spring,
well.)
bib common noun Eng ground breaking open for yam
Reference: 59:22. (semantic domains: Agriculture.)
bibdd verb Eng kill
bibi pronoun Eng 2.du/pl.subject/agent
Bibi ai dag? Eng How are you all? Reference: 114:25.
bibim pronoun Eng 2.du/pl.subject/agent
bible common noun Eng big taro Reference: Sowati
bibol common noun End ako bdab dowae ekawang pa
klsredan Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic
domains: Bird.)
biboz common noun Eng emperor fairywren, whiteshouldered fairywren (semantic domains: Bird.)
benmll common noun Eng shiny Reference: 76:10.

(semantic domains: Color.)
Ber proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

Beradi proper noun Eng Garden place. Reference: Bodog

Engcrimson
male
finch,
Engwhite-shouldered
fairywren
bobag
biboz
bisbis common noun Eng not biting bee Reference: 63:1.

bisel common noun End ulle pddab kuttang sanadan.
Reference: 17:1. (semantic domains: Tree, Food from
plants.)
Engemperor
fairywren
bie common noun Eng taro (semantic domains: Food from
plants.)
bie common noun Eng taro Reference: 173:19. (semantic
domains: Food.)
big common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bigbudar common noun Eng found in the bush, edible End
Wllang llo me, ddddgmadan. Reference: Joshua
Ben Danipa. (semantic domains: Small animals.)
Bisuaka proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

bitn common noun Eng animal type Reference: 78:24.

bittott common noun Eng gray squirrel Reference: 78:11.
Bitur proper noun Eng language name Reference: 142:1.
biwij common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bikme common noun 1) Eng type of palm tree, edible

fruits (semantic domains: Grass, herb, vine.) 2) Eng type
of palm tree with edible fruit (semantic domains: Tree.)
Biyewolatt proper noun Eng place name Reference:
bikme common noun Eng type of palm, grassland,

poisonous fruit Reference: 165:30. (semantic domains:
Tree.)
bnz common noun Eng mosquito Reference: 169:8.

bikme common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony

bikme tutu common noun Eng string game Reference:

Galou Minong. (semantic domains: Game.)
Bimadbn proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

bin common noun Eng name

bina pronoun Eng 2.du/pl.poss

brke common noun Eng parrot Reference: 183:33.

(semantic domains: Water.)
brke brke common noun Eng red algae with ferns End
walle me kakn gidollnenang za dag brke
ingollae dag mamam a kukollkukoll. Reference:

183:46. (semantic domains: Water.)
bllablla common noun Eng flower plant (semantic
domains: Bush, shrub.)
bllablla common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
Bine proper noun Eng language name Reference: 142:9.

bllolla common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
Binomoll Kllam proper noun Eng place name
bo dial. var. of obo
Reference: Bodog Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa

Dareda. (semantic domains: Name of a place.)
bir verb Eng to roast Reference: 131:6. (semantic domains:

Physical actions.)
bob common noun Eng flood (semantic domains: Tide.)

bob common noun End yogoll mamott me wawaemang
ine Reference: 183:15. (semantic domains: Water.)
bobag common noun Eng flood
bobllkm
10
bobllkm common noun Eng grows in the bush, edible

End Wllngme
pddabag, bob llo ddrme
dddgmadan Reference: Joshua Ben Danipa.

(semantic domains: Moss, fungus, algae.)
bobllkm common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bobngtt common noun Eng taro type Reference: Sowati
Bobzag proper noun Eng Bobzag
bod common noun End Bod a malla ddddgmadan.
Reference: 53:1. (semantic domains: Parts of a bird.)
bod common noun Eng mouth Reference: Mado Karea.
(semantic domains: Parts of a fish.)
bod common noun Eng mouth Reference: 140:5. (semantic
domains: Parts of an insect.)
bod common noun Eng mouth Reference: 128:1. (semantic
domains: Body.)
boddo common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bodo adjective Eng full Kp a bodo dan. The cup is

full. Ngna ine de zmayagae ngawan do
angde kp a bodo agan. I poured water into the cup

until the cup was full. Reference: 148:2. (semantic
domains: General adjectives.)
bodobodom common noun Eng type of ant, bites
bodobodom common noun Eng biting ants Reference:
169:18. (semantic domains: Types of animals.)
boe common noun Eng type of fruit tree (semantic
domains: Tree.)
boe common noun Eng treats cough. Tree, bark, drink. End
ttoe de kkm madan nane wee kumye itne
peyang mee. Reference: Warama Kurupel. (semantic

domains: Traditional medicine.)
boe common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bog common noun Eng taro type Reference: Sowati
boga common noun End apme mise ingoll padllgag pa

dan Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic domains:
Bird.)
bogl common noun Eng seaweed, water grass (semantic
domains: Grass, herb, vine.)
boge common noun Eng mudfish (semantic domains:
Fish.)
boge common noun End btbt kollba Reference:
183:25. (semantic domains: Water.)
bogel common noun Eng seaweed, water grass End walle
iik mee towall Reference: 183:56. (semantic domains:

Water.)
bogo pronoun Eng 3.sg.subject/agent

bogobogo common noun Eng type of small yam
bogobogo common noun Eng small yam Reference:
173:53. (semantic domains: Food from roots.)
Bok proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

boko common noun Eng type or lizard (semantic domains:

Lizard.)
boko common noun Eng lizard type Reference: 169:2.
bol common noun Eng ball
bol tongoenan common noun Eng ball games Reference:
bollga common noun End ulle pddab sanadan kolla
obo pllmpllmdan. Reference: 97:22. (semantic

domains: Tree, Food from plants.)
Bolloll proper noun Eng Camp. Reference: Bodog

bom pronoun Eng 3s.object
bomall common noun Eng tree type Reference: Tony
bombllag verb Eng I will find him Reference: 44:17.
bombllagn verb Eng he will find him Reference: 134:8.

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A preliminary dictionary of Ende

Compilation help from Gwynn Lyons and Catherine Scanlon.

A preliminary dictionary of Ende

Preliminary version based on work in Limol village, 2015.

amo, baba, kza; Kza amo baba dan?

ede, gem, ade; Ede gem ade nibeny.

ikop, diba, titi; Ikop diba titi wee.

bi, llg; Llg a bi allan.

ott, tot, toto; Toto watt ott tot.

udu, tum, matu; Matu mee udu tum.

baet, ibeny, tab; Baet ibeny ee tab gogon.

dan, ide; Dan ide mee.

ddia, iddi, midd; Ddia midd iddi.

gz, ngonongg, mg; Mg gz ee ngonongg.

kakne, eka, nngk; Kakne eka de nngk.

lel, malam; Lel mee malam.

mn, amd, km; Amnd, ne km ee mae mn.

not, andr, tn; Andr a not tn de.

ngn, ngna, ngmo; Ngna ngmo ngn de.

nyng, nony; Nyng de nony.

paa, apte, tap; Apte paa ott att tap.

rorwae, arrre, tr; Rorwae mee arrre tr ee.

sana, eso, waswes; Eso eka sana wee waswes alle.

tt, itrellang; Tt mee itrellang.

ttn, atta, patt; Ttn patt atta.

widere, awe; Awe att widere.

yae; Yae bo nyeny pallall tameny.

lltt, mllam, gagll; Gagll lltt ee mllam a mudan.

Z, z, J, j z, d zazer, bnz; Bnz a zazer allan.

admenyn verb Eng to sit Reference: 133:17. (semantic

aag common noun Eng 5am - 11am Reference: 24:20.

aeb common noun Eng brush turkey, bush fowl (semantic

aag duem common noun Eng breakfast Reference: 24:28.

aeb common noun Eng bushfowl End wllang me

abal adjective Eng very

Bodog Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa Dareda.

ablaban common noun Eng puberty Reference: 175:15.

Reference: 15:5. (semantic domains: Physical actions.)

giddollag pa dan, totalle maa ulle mnyi bogn.

Reference: Mayu Dobola. (semantic domains: Bird.)

ai abal tameny phrase Eng very good teaching/learning

kakne damtt allo. Reference: 143:2. (semantic

ai skul common noun Eng high school Reference: 55:44.

allp de ekaeran verb Eng play music Reference: 15:46.

ai skul common noun Eng secondary school Reference:

Allpma proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

Ainor proper noun Eng Ainor

Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa Dareda. (semantic

aitar common noun Eng type of palm tree Reference:

alle postposition 1) Eng with 2) Eng from

k verb Eng to beat the wife if she doesn't do what the

allko common noun Eng flying insect, doesn't bite

Tony Warama. (semantic domains: Tree.)

Aketa proper noun Eng place name Reference: Bodog

Jowanang, GeoR Rowak, Inawa Dareda. (semantic

allp common noun End Allp a dba wa biwj llo watt

-alle verb Eng 2.sg.agent.recpst/pres

allko common noun End pullgaebag allko sapasapanga

allko kukut common noun Eng bluefly Reference:

ttokoema sanadan ge, ubiae mnyi bkmeyo.

-allo verb Eng 3.du/pl.agent.recpst/pres

amne common noun Eng center

Whom did you see? Reference: Inawa Dareda, Sawa