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GSMMOBILETERMINATINGVOICECALL
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VLRVisitorLocation
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MSCMobileSwitching
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USERLOGIN
MobileTerminatedCall
Inthisexample,thecallisoriginatingfromoutsidethePLMN.
Usernameoremail:*
RouteEstablishmenttofindtheMSC/VLR
Password:*
The calling party dials the MSISDN for the mobile subscriber. The PSTN identifies the network (PLMN) that the
dialedMSISDNbelongstoandwilllocateaGMSCforthatnetwork.ThePSTNsendsanInitialAddressmessageto
theGMSC.
TheGMSCforwardstheMSISDNtotheHLRandrequestsroutinginformationforit.TheHLRlooksuptheMSISDN
anddeterminestheIMSIandtheSS7addressfortheMSC/VLRthatisservicingtheMS.
TheHLRthencontactstheservicingMSC/VLRandasksittoassignaMobileStationRoutingNumber(MSRN)to
thecall.
Login
LoginusingOpenID
SignIn|ForgetPassword
TheMSC/VLRallocatestheMSRNandforwardsittotheHLR.
Note:ItisimportanttorememberthattheMSC/VLRassignsaMSRNtothecallnottotheMSitself.
RECENTBLOGPOSTS
TheHLRforwardstheMSRNaswellasroutinginformationfortheservicingMSC/VLRtotheGMSC.
TheGMSCsendsanInitialAddressingmessagetotheservicingMSC/VLRandusestheMSRNtoroutethecallto
the MSC/VLR. Once the servicing MSC/VLR receives the call, the MSRN can be released and may be made
availableforreassignment.
PagingtheMobileStation
TheMSC/VLRthenordersallofitsBSCsandBTSstopagetheMS.SincetheMSC/VLRdoesnotknowexactly
whichBSCandBTStheMSismonitoring,thepagewillbesentoutacrosstheentireLocationArea.
InitialSetup
3G&4GTechnology
Comparison
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TheMSreceivesthePageRequest(PAG_REQ)onthePCH.TheMSrecognizesthatthepageisintendedforit,
basedonaTMSIoranIMSI.
AmdocsConvergent
BillingIt'sallinthebox.
TheMSsendsaChannelRequest(CHAN_REQ)messageontheRACH.
ConvergysSmart
CommuniationsSuite
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The BSS responds on the AGCH by sending an Immediate Assignment (IMM ASS) message which assigns an
SDCCHtotheMS.Atthispoint,thenetworkdoesnotknowthattheMSistheonethatitispaging,itonlyknowsthat
thisMSwantsaccesstothenetwork.
TheMSimmediatelyswitchestotheassignedSDCCHandsendsaPagingResponse(PAG_RES)messageonthe
SDCCH.ThisletsthenetworkknowthattheMSisrespondingtoitspage.
Authentication
BeforethenetworkwillprovideanyservicestotheMS,thenetworkwillrequiretheMStoauthenticateitself.The
BSSsendsanAuthenticationRequest(AUTH_REQ)messagetotheMS.TheRANDservesasthe"challenge"for
authentication.
The MS calculates the proper SRES based on the RAND that was given and sends the SRES to the BSS in an
AuthenticationResponse(AUTH_RESP)message.
TheBSSverifiestheSRES.IftheSRESiscorrectthentheMSisauthenticatedandallowedaccesstothenetwork.
Once the MSC/VLR has authenticated the MS, it will order the BSS and MS to switch to cipher mode using the
CIPH_MOD_CMDmessage.OncetheMSinencryptionmode,theVLRwillnormallyassignanewTMSItotheMS.
EstablishingaChannel
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Once the MS is authenticated and in encryption mode, The MSC sends a Setup Message to the BSS, the BSS
forwardstheSETUPmessagetotheMSontheassignedSDCCH.theassignedSDCCH.TheSETUPmessagemay
includetheCallingLineIdentificationPresentation(CLIP),whichisessentiallycallerID.
AnydocumentonNGN
protocol?
The MS responds by sending a Call Confirmed (CALL_CON) message which indicates that the MS is able to
establishtherequestedconnection.TheBSSrelaysthemessageuptotheMSC.
SettingUPSMS
gatewayusingKANNEL
CallSetup
The BSS then sends an Assignment Command (ASS_CMD) message to the MS on the assigned SDCCH. The
ASS_CMDmessageassignsaTrafficChannel(TCH)totheMS.
TheMSimmediatelyswitchestotheTCHandrespondswithanAssignmentComplete(ASS_COM)messageonthe
FACCH.TheMSbeginsringingonceithasestablishedtheTCH.
RememberthatallsignalingthatoccursonthetrafficchannelactuallyoccursonaFACCH,whichisatimeslotthat
isstolenfromtheTCHandusedforsignaling.
TheMSsendsanALERTmessagetotheMSContheFACCH.TheBSSforwardstheALERTmessagethroughthe
PSTNtothecallingpartyandthecallerhearsthelineringing.
CallEstablishment
Oncetheuseranswersthecall(bypressingthesendbutton),theMSwillsendaConnectCONmessagetothe
MSC.TheConnectmessageisforwardedbacktothecaller'sswitchtoactivatethecall.
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TheMSCsendsaConnectAcknowledgeCON_ACKmessagetotheMSandthecallisestablished.
WHO'SNEW
CallDisconnect
sagar
Disconnecthappensthesamewayasforanyothercall.Inthisexample,thecallingpartyinitiatesthedisconnect.
anilvish11
When the calling party hangs up, the calling party's switch initiates a Release (REL) message. The message is
forwardedtotheservingMSC,whichisthenforwardedtotheBSS.
Kowalski
TheBSSwillsendaDisconnect(DISC)messagetotheMSontheFACCH.
raghusharma8
SanjaySingh
TheMSconfirmsreleaseofthecallbysendingaRelease(REL)messageontheFACCH,whichisforwardedtothe
MSC.
TheMSCsendseReleaseComplete(REL_COM)messagethroughtheBSStotheMS.Asfarascallcontrol(CC)is
concerned,theconnectionhasbeenterminated.
TheMSstillhasaTCHassignedtoit,sotheBSSsendsaChannelRelease(CHAN_REL)messagetotheMS.This
releasestheradioresourceontheAirInterface.
TheMSrespondsbesendingafinalDisconnectmessageandreturnstoidle.
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