SAFETY MANUAL

HSE-SAF-STD-00-0042
REV. 0
31 AUGUST 2011

LIGHTING STANDARD

PAGE 1 of 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 2

2.

SCOPE ................................................................................................................ 2

3.

DEFINITIONS...................................................................................................... 2

4.

STANDARD ........................................................................................................ 2

5.

RESPONSIBILITIES ........................................................................................... 8

6.

REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 8

ATTACHMENT........................................................................................................... 8
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................. 8

Rev.
0

Issue
Date
31-Aug-11

Amendment
Description

Prepared By:

Checked By:

Approved By:

Initial Release

Lloyd G Askham

Mostafa A
Mohamed

Carl H Poldrack

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SAFETY MANUAL
LIGHTING STANDARD

HSE-SAF-STD-00-0042
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31 AUGUST 2011
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1. INTRODUCTION
The primary safety benefits of proper lighting in a space are in facilitating the recognition
of hazards (such as obstacles or moving parts) both in general and in relation to specific
physical tasks; and illuminating safety warning signs and safe pathways within the space.
A secondary benefit is that it can prevent mental fatigue and eye strain, especially in
potentially hazardous environments.

2. SCOPE
This standard covers all lighting installations for both process and non-process areas,
including administration buildings, portacabins / blast resistant modules (BRMs) of all QChem operated facilities. Q-Chem in this document refers to Q-Chem, Q-Chem II, Ras
Laffan Olefins Complex (RLOC) and Salam Tower.

3. DEFINITIONS
Bulb is the everyday term for an incandescent lamp. Also refers to the outer glass
envelope of the lamp.
Candela is the basic unit for measuring luminous intensity from a light source in a given
direction.
Foot-candle is the unit of illuminance (light falling on a surface). One lumen falling on
one square foot equals one-foot candle. Its also a measurement of the amount of light
reaching a subject.
Illuminance is the light arriving at a surface, expressed in lumens per unit area; 1 lumen
per foot equals 1 Foot-candle, while 1 lumen per square meter equals 1 lux
Lumen is the derived SI unit for luminous flux; unit measure of light.
Luminaire is a light fixture; the complete lighting unit, including lamp, reflector, ballast,
socket, wiring, diffuser, and housing.
Lux (lx) is a unit of illuminance equal to 1 lumen per square meter.

4. STANDARD
4.1. Design of Lighting
4.1.1. Lighting design is a complex process and requires review by an industrial
hygienist or other technically qualified personnel.
4.1.2. During the lighting design the following criteria shall be considered:

Quantity of light;

Quality of light;

Type of light (i.e., direct or indirect);

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LIGHTING STANDARD

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Electrical classification of the area where the lights will be installed;

Type of lighting system (e.g., supplementary, general localized or

general);

Applicable lighting loss factors; and

Lighting system maintenance including safe access to the fixtures with

appropriate equipment.

4.1.3. Lighting shall be adequate enough in the work environment to provide

visibility for work tasks and objects and to ensure safe working conditions.
Table 1 below provides recommended MINIMUM illumination levels to be
maintained at any point on a task at any time.
Table 1: Recommended Minimum Illumination levels
Recommended Minimum Illumination Levels
Area/Task

Footcandle

Lux

Elevation where
lighting reading
should be taken
inches (mm)

Pump rows, valves, manifolds

50

Ground

Heat exchangers

30

Ground

Maintenance platforms

10

Floor

Operating platforms

50

Floor

Cooling towers (equipment areas)

50

Ground

Furnaces

30

Ground

Ladders and stairs (inactive)

10

Floor

Ladders and stairs (active)

50

Floor

Gauge glasses

50

Eye Level

Instruments (on process units)

50

50

Eye Level

Compressor houses

20

200

Floor

Separators

50

Top of Bay

General area

10

Ground

Ordinary control house

30

300

Floor

Instrument panel

30

300

66 (1700)

Console

30

300

30 (760)

Back of panel

10

100

30 (760)

Central control house

50

500

Floor

Instrument panel

50

500

66 (1700)

Console

50

500

30 (760)

Back of panel

10

100

36 (900)

1.

Process Areas

A.

General process units

B.

Control Rooms and Houses

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LIGHTING STANDARD

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Recommended Minimum Illumination Levels

Area/Task

C.

Footcandle

Lux

Elevation where
lighting reading
should be taken
inches (mm)

Electrolytic cell room

50

Floor

Electric furnace

50

Floor

Conveyors

20

Surface

Conveyor transfer points

50

Surface

Kilns (operating area)

50

Floor

Extruders and mixers

20

200

Floor

Pump area

50

Ground

General control area

15

150

Floor

Control panel

20

200

45 (1100)

Indoor equipment

20

200

Floor

Outdoor equipment

500

Ground

0.5

Floor

Gauging area

10

Ground

Manifold area

0.5

Floor

General area

50

Floor

Tank car

10

100

Point

Tank trucks, loading point

10

100

Point

20

Ground

Specialty process units

2.

Non-process areas

A.

Loading, unloading and cooling water pump houses

B.

C.

Boiler and air compressor plants

Tank fields (where lighting is required)

Ladders and stairs

D.

E.

Loading racks

Electrical substation and switch yards

Outdoor switch yards

F.

General substation (outdoor)

20

Ground

Substation operating aisles

15

150

Floor

General substation (indoor)

50

Floor

Switch racks

50

48 (1200)

Frequent use (trucking)

0.4

Ground

Infrequent use

0.2

Ground

Plant parking lots

0.1

Ground

10

Deck

Conference rooms (lights equipped with dimmers)

0-100

0-1000

Top of Table

Prolonged difficult task (drafting, other close work)

100

1000

Top of Table

Difficult tasks (booking keeping, typing, etc.)

75

750

Top of Table

Ordinary tasks (desk work, reading, etc.)

50

500

Top of Table

Reception areas, stairways, washrooms

20

200

3-4 ft. (1 m) above floor

Equipment and service rooms

15

150

Floor Level

Plant road lighting (where lighting is required)

Helideck landing area

3.

Building

A.

Office Areas

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Recommended Minimum Illumination Levels

Area/Task

B.

Laboratories

C.

Warehouses and stockrooms

Indoor bulk storage
Outdoor bulk storage

D.

Footcandle

Lux

Elevation where
lighting reading
should be taken
inches (mm)

50

500

36 (900)

50

0.5

Large bin storage

50

Small bin storage*

10

100

Small parts storage*

20

200

Countertops

30

300

Eating

10

100

30 (760)

Serving area

30

300

36 (900)

Food preparation

50

500

36 (900)

Cafeteria

Sink and counter areas

100

1000

E.

First Aid Room

50

500

F.

Workshops
General workshops

70

700

Workshops, difficult seeing task areas

100

1000

30 (760)

* Indicates vertical illuminance

4.1.4. The initial illumination levels provided by the lighting system shall be higher
(i.e., a light loss factor must be applied) than the recommended or required
maintained illumination level (see Table 1). This compensates for the
progressive loss of light which will occur due to the normal depreciation of
light output of the lamps, accumulation of dirt on the luminaires and operating
environment.

4.2. Maintenance of Lighting

4.2.1. A maintenance program for the lighting systems shall be developed and
implemented.

A competent person shall be designated to oversee the maintenancerelated tasks of this program.

A detailed scope of work shall be developed to cover all elements of the

maintenance program.

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4.2.2. Lighting repair notifications / work requests shall be initiated as follows:

LOCATION

ACTION TAKEN

1.

Street Lighting & Car Parks

2.

Process Areas / Buildings

within Process Areas

3.

Buildings in Non-Process
Areas

The contractor shall survey and check all

streets lights on a monthly frequency and
repair as required.
Area Superintendents or Designees shall
report all lighting-related issues to their
respective I&E maintenance engineer who
shall then forward the request to the
lighting contractor for action.
Building occupants shall report lighting
problems directly to Utilities I&E engineer
who shall then forward the request to the
lighting contractor for action.

4.2.3. Jobs that require extra resources (e.g. man-lift, scaffolding etc.) shall be done
through a SAP work order to cover the cost of the extra resources.
4.2.4. All lamps, covers and associated lighting fixtures within an area shall be
cleaned at the time while attending to a scheduled work order in that area.

4.3. Emergency Lighting

4.3.1. Emergency lighting provides illumination for the safety of people in an area in
an event of a loss of power.
4.3.2. Emergency lighting shall be provided for locating exits, emergency egress,
evacuation, and unit emergency equipment. This includes stairways and
ladders designated for main walkway routes and emergency egress.
4.3.3. Initial illumination shall not be less than an average of 1 ft.-candle (10Lux) and
at any point, not less than 0.1 ft.-candles (1Lux) as measured along the path
of egress at floor level.
4.3.4. Emergency lighting duration shall be not less than 90 minutes or as required
for emergency egress and operations.
4.3.5. A preventative maintenance program shall be implemented to ensure the
availability & reliability of this lighting.

4.4. Safety Lighting

4.4.1. Safety lighting is intended to ensure that operating personnel can move to a
place of safety, or control or shut down the process in a safe manner, in the
event of failure of the electrical supply to the normal lighting.

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4.4.2. Safety lighting shall be required for the industrial facilities where hazards exist
that require visual detection (e.g., rotating equipment) and where absence of
the normal lighting will place the worker in a hazardous situation.
4.4.3. The work area requiring safety lighting shall be provided with an illuminance
of at least 10% of the recommended illuminance for the same area under the
normal lighting, but the illuminance will in any event be not less than 2 ft.candles (20Lux). The appropriate illuminance shall be provided within 0.5
seconds of failure of the normal supply.
4.4.4. For some applications the illuminance needed for maintenance tasks will be
higher than those for the normal use of the space. In such circumstances the
illuminance required for maintenance tasks shall be provided by either:

A permanently installed supplementary system of lighting, capable of

being switched on when maintenance is to be carried out; or

Portable luminaires which are put in place when maintenance is required.

4.5. Lighting Intensity Surveys

4.5.1. Lighting intensity surveys (measurement of illumination level) shall be
conducted to ensure recommended light levels are maintained.
4.5.2. Lighting surveys shall be conducted at the following frequency:

Every five (5) years,

Where modifications to the building structure or work area could result in

a change in the overall lighting of the affected area / building, and

To address a specific request by the end-user.

4.5.3. Lighting surveys shall be conducted using calibrated, color and cosinecorrected auto-ranging digital light meters.
4.5.4. Instruments shall be calibrated at intervals as per manufacturers
recommendations.

4.6. Record Keeping

4.6.1. Lighting intensity survey results shall be maintained by the Industrial Hygiene
section.
4.6.2. Interpretive reports shall be issued to the affected end-user and then
uploaded into the companys document management systems (EDMS or
similar) for storage.

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5. RESPONSIBILITIES
5.1. Industrial Hygienist
5.1.1. Administrator all items related to this standard.
5.1.2. Maintain this standard and facilitate periodic reviews.
5.1.3. Conduct lighting intensity surveys when required.

5.2. I&E Technical Superintendent / High Voltage Engineer (RLOC)

5.2.1. Provide technical oversight on lighting issues as related to this standard.
5.3. I&E Maintenance Superintendent / High Voltage Engineer (RLOC)

5.3.1. Manage the plant lighting maintenance program and all associated activities.

6. REFERENCES

Chevron Engineering Standards: Safety in Designs: SID-SU-5106-A (Section 9.5:

Lighting).

Qatar Environmental Law (Law 30 of 2002): Annex 3/6th.

American National Standards Institute and Illuminating Engineering Society

standard, ANSI/IES-RP-7-1991.

ATTACHMENT
None

APPENDIX
Appendix R Revision History

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SAFETY MANUAL
LIGHTING STANDARD

HSE-SAF-STD-00-0042
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31 AUGUST 2011
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APPENDIX R: REVISION HISTORY

Rev.

Issue Date

0.

31-July 2011

Amendment Description
First Issue

Page 9 of 9

Reference