DBR - Orchid Crown Mep 1

MEP DESIGN CONCEPT REPORT
FOR
ORCHID CROWN TOWERS, DADAR AT MUMBAI
MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI
TEAM :
PROJECT:
MEP CONSULTANT:
ORCHID CROWN TOWERS
PANKAJ DHARKAR & ASSOCIATES MUMBAI

HEAD OFFICE:
CLIENT:
302, Maruti Arcade, 132 Feet Ring Road,

Shivranjani Char Rasta, Satelite,
Ahmedabad 380 015
Tel. No. 079-26764201
Fax: 079-26764203
Email ID: ahmedabadpda@gmail.com
D. B. Realty
D. B. House, Gen. A. K. Vaidya Marg,
Goregaon (E),
Mumbai 400 063
India
MUMBAI OFFICE:
DEVELOPERS:
M/s. Real Gem Buildtech Private Limited
B-43 / A, Pardhy House,

1st floor, Opp. Jain temple, Hanuman road,
Ville Parle (E),
Mumbai 400 057
Tel. 022-26122982 / 83
Fax : 022-26122984
Email-ID : mumbaipda@gmail.com
DESIGN CONSULTANT:
M/s HAFEEZ CONTRACTOR
29/Bank Street, Bombay 400023
Ph: 22661920
MASTER INDEX
1.
1
2
3
4
Introduction
Concept Design Report
Scope of Services
Codes & Standards
Site Wide Design conditions
2.
1
2
3
Infrastructure & Utilities

MEP Services General
Life Safety Systems
Summary of Services
3.
HVAC
A.1
A.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Project Description
Design Objectives
General
Site location
Temperature & Humidity
Design data and parameters
External design conditions
Noise levels
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Ambient operating conditions of Materials & Equipments

Basis of design
Centralised Cooling
VRF System Description
Ventilation systems
Standards & Codes
4.
ELECTRICAL
* Electrical Services criteria

Electrical Design
1 Power Requirement Computation
2 Source of power supply and over high side scheme
3 D.G. Backup Calculation and Capacity Computation
4 Medium Voltage Distribution
5
6
7
8
9
10
Low Voltage Distribution

Lighting
Lightning Protection
Earthing System
Aircraft Warning Lights
Standard Codes & Brief Specs Of Materials
5.
D.1
D.2
D.3
D.4
PUBLIC HEALTH & SANITATION (PLUMBING)

Project Brief
Assumptions
6.
1
2
3
4
5
6
FIRE ENGINEERING
Introduction
Means of Escape
Compartmentation & Structural Fire Protection
Fire Safety Systems
Smoke Ventilation & Control
Fire Service Access And Facilities
Water Management System Infrastructure Requirements

Water management system Materials and Finishes
1. INTRODUCTION
* Background
M/s Pankaj Dharkar & Associates has been engaged as the Building Services Consultants for ORCHID CROWN Residential Tower
and related facilities.
1. Concept Design Report

The aim of this document is to provide sufficient design information for the concept stage including services strategies, spatial
requirements of major services, distribution principles, electrical and mechanical systems philosophy, extent of life safety systems.
2. Scope of Services
The MEP scope of services generally includes the following:
HVAC
Domestic water services (including recycled water)
Foul water drainage (Internal)
Sprinkler layouts
Internal lighting (specialist architectural and faade lighting by others)
Electrical power systems
Standby power systems
Smoke management systems
Definition of relevant utility loads
3. Codes and Standards

The design of the building services shall comply with the Indian local standards as well as a number of internationally established
institutions. The installation works will be carried out in compliance with the MEP specifications which will also refer to the
International standard. The following list identifies the main standards that will be referred to in the concept design and
subsequent specifications. This list is applicable the India Tower development.
Indian National Building Code (INBC) 2005
Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers Guides (CIBSE)
American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
International Organisation of Standardisation (ISO)
British Standards Institution (BS)
Sheet Metal Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
National Electrical Motor Association (NEMA)
American Refrigeration Institute (ARI )
Tables 1, 2, 3 below indicate specific standards used for services installations.
Services Installation
All
Code / Guide Installation designed in

accordance to:
Indian National Building Code (INBC
2005)
National Fire Protection Agency
(NFPA)
British Standards (BS)
Indian Standards (IS)
Table 1:- General Standards
Services Installation
Transformers
Standby Generators
Low Voltage Electrical Distribution
Interior Lighting Installation
Emergency Lighting
Car Park Lighting
Fire Detection & Alarm Systems,
including Public Address system
Lightning Protection
Earthing
Code / Guide Installation designed in

accordance to:
BSEN
NFPA110
BS 7671: 2008-IEE Wiring Regulations 17Edition, Requirements for Electrical
Installations
CIBSE Code for Interior Lighting
NFPA 5000
BS 5489-1 : 2003
NFPA 101
NFPA 72
NFPA-17-102,BSEN62305 Parts I-IV
IS 3043,BS 7430: 1991 Code of Practice
for Earthing
Table 2 Electrical Standards

Plumbing
Fire Fighting Systems
LPG
BS EN 10056:2; ASPE
NFPA 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20
NFPA 58
Table 3 Mechanical Standards
4. Site Wide Design Conditions:Site Location:

The site is located in Mumbai; the location of site is 18.54 o N latitude at 11 metres above sea level.
The site is located near Dadar, in city of Central Mumbai. The area is densely populated and is a desirable location comprising of
mostly low to medium rise residential buildings in contrast to the high rise towers of Worli in the vicinity.
2. Infrastructure & Utilities
10
1 MEP Services General

* Introduction
The following text describes the main utilities serving the site as a whole. Individual utility distribution to specific zones within the
tower is described in later sections of the report.
Services Strategy
Mid Level Technical Floors
The location of meter rooms has been carefully considered to co-ordinate with the structure. The main mid level technical floors
are located at every Refuge levels which house the electrical meter room. The primary incoming electrical substation consists of 2
Substation provided by the BEST and is tentatively suggested at the Recreation Ground. The location would be confirmed after the
CFO approvals.
2 Life Safety Systems

General
The designed solutions for life safety in the building will be a combination of services equipment and architectural design.
This will include but not be limited to sprinkler systems, automatic fire detection systems, stair pressurisation, refuge systems,
refuge areas and fire separation. Designed to NFPA codes 101 and 5000 or local prevailing codes, whichever is deemed more
stringent.
Fire control systems are made up of detection and alarm systems, fire suppression systems and fire management systems.
Fire Detection and Alarm systems comprise of but not be limited to:
Fire suppression systems comprise of but not be limited to:

Automatic sprinkler systems
Fire standpipe and hose systems
Fire Management systems comprise of but not be limited to:
11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Smoke management systems

Pressurisation systems
Emergency electric power systems
Automatic elevator recall systems
Communication and alarm notification systems
A central fire command centre.
Power supplies to life safety equipment shall be provided to local prevailing codes. Redundancy will be incorporated into the
design of the power to life safety equipment with cabling meeting required standards for fire resistance, mechanical protection and
fire compartmentation.
Disconnect switches, breakers or automatic transfer switches associated with supplying power to life safety equipment shall
interface with the building management system and/or fire alarm system via a control circuit.
Status will be required for the respective position, and generate both a central and/or local alarm when the main power or
control circuit is defeated. Alarm shall visually and audibly indicate the fault.
All penetrations through fire resistance walls are to be fire stopped to meet the required resistance level of the element being
penetrated.
3 Summary of Services:HVAC system:

Air conditioning load for apartments (Tower A + Tower B + Tower C ) : -5585 TR
Air conditioning load for Common areas (lift lobbies) ( Tower A + Tower B + Tower C) :- 710 TR
Total (Tower A + Tower B +Tower C) : - 6295 TR
Note : We have considered Tower B same as Tower A and Heat Load requirement of Tower C will be 75% of Tower A.
12
Public Health and Sanitation:
Total Water Consumption per day : 1260 m3

Capacity of STP to be installed : 350 m3
No. of days of water storage considered : 1.5 days
Electrical Requirements:
Load requirement for Common areas: 1437 kW

Load requirements for Residential apartments: 6420 kW
Total load requirement of the building: 7857 kW
Capacity of DG required: 725 kVA # 2 No + 400 kVA # 1 No
13
3. HVAC
14
GENERAL
A.1. Project Description
1. Project is ORCHID CROWN Residential building located at prime location of Mumbai at Dadar. The building is designed by
renowned Architect M/s Hafeez Contractor based at Mumbai.
2. The building consists of 14 car parking levels, 1 landscape level, 1 Podium level and 52 levels of residential apartment
levels including 9 refuge levels and 4 levels for service purposes.
3. The HVAC services are distributed over facility floors and basements. The mechanical ventilation fans for toilet & kitchen
areas are being planned on intermediate refuge levels. The common areas like lift lobby / entrance lobby at various levels
are being envisaged to be air conditioned with VRF system. The system description and advantages are being discussed
in the subsequent paragraphs. The ancillary HVAC components and systems viz. TFAs, mechanical ventilation units will
be placed suitably and location shall be decided during design development.
A.2. Design Objectives
1. To evolve an energy efficient design and engineering of HVAC system
1. General Requirements
1. Air conditioning & Ventilation systems to be designed & installed in accordance with the latest recommendations of
ASHRAE and in confirmation with the latest International Building code, all local and National codes and the requirement
of agencies exercising jurisdiction over work at the project.
2. All piping systems shall be complete with hangers, anchors, guides, valves, strainers, expansion tanks, vents, insulation,
etc.
15
3. All duct systems shall be complete with hangers, volume dampers, fire dampers, smoke dampers, filters, diffusers,
grilles, registers, insulation, etc.
4. All equipment shall be complete with vibration isolation, starters, control wiring, painting, insulation, etc.
5. All systems shall be fully tested and balanced.
6. All water systems shall be fully balanced.
7. The entire installations, commissioning and performance evaluation procedures shall be predetermined and documented.
2. Site Location:
The site is located near Dadar in the city of Mumbai. The area is densely populated and is a desirable location comprising of
mostly low to medium rise residential buildings in contrast to the high rise towers of Worli in the vicinity.
3. Temperature & Humidity:Mumbais weather is characteristically humid all year round, except for a few short periods in the winter. The Mumbai region
has little seasonal fluctuation of temperature due to the moderating effect of the coastal region; air temperature can reach up to
34C in the summer months and as low as 17C in the cooler months. The combination of high humidity and hot temperatures
make conditions quite uncomfortable in summer months, particularly during the months of May and June. The cool season from
December to February however, sees temperatures drop to levels comparable to that of European summers which helps to make
the environment pleasant.
Monsoon season is from June to September and brings almost all of Mumbais annual rainfall with strong Westerly wind and
continued high humidity levels. Typically the diurnal range is 9C. Strong solar radiation causes evaporation from the coastal
region, which is not precipitated but suspended in the air, thus causing high humidity levels. The effects, although slightly reduced
are experienced in the Mumbai region. Generally, winds are locally caused by the unequal heating of land and sea surfaces off
the sea towards land in the day and vice versa at night.
16
4. Design Data & Parameters

The design condition, based on dry-bulb temperature with coincident wet-bulb temperature, represents conditions on hot,
mostly sunny days. The 1.0% figures represent the dry-bulb and coincident wet-bulb temperature which are exceeded for only
1.0% of the time. This figure will be used for the thermal cooling load assessments for the heat gain into the building. The
alternative 1.0% design condition based on wet-bulb temperature with coincident dry bulb temperature represents the extreme of
total sensible plus latent heat of outdoor air. The external design conditions are slightly more stringent when comparing design
data from the National Building Code with figures stated in ASHRAE. Therefore figures from the National Building Code (as stated
below) will be used for the design of water based heat rejection systems as for the fresh air cooling loads both of which are
dependent upon the extremes of total heat in the ambient air. The engineering services will be designed using the design
parameters and design data stated in the following sections.
5. External Design Conditions:

Conductive Heat Transfer Design Ambient Conditions
For the design of all building thermal loads and selections of room located cooling plant the following external conditions shall
apply which represents a condition which causes the largest conductive heat transfer into the building.
Winter
17.8C db
90% RH
Summer (Building Cooling Load)
34.3C db
23.3C WB
6. Noise Levels
External noise levels shall comply with the following,
At site Boundary: Ambient level as close to the existing level as possible
At 1.5m from all air intake and discharge louvers NR50
17
7. Ambient Operating Conditions of Materials and Equipments:

Materials, equipment, motors, electrical wiring and controls shall be specified to be suitable for continuous or intermittent operation
in the full range of conditions outlined below: General Ambient Conditions
From winter
8C minimum 100% RH.
To summer
50C maximum 100% RH.
Within Control Panels/ Plant rooms etc
From winter
12C minimum 90% RH
To summer
55C maximum 80% RH
All external electrical equipment shall be designed to operate in conditions up to 50C and 100%RH. The equipment shall have an
enclosure rating of IP65, and consideration will be given to effects of solar radiation on surfaces.
8. Basis of Design :
A . ROOM DESIGN CONDITIONS :
TEMP & RH IN ALL AREAS

B.
: 23C2 / Not more than 60% RH
U-values:
Wall : Average U-value of 0.077 Btu/hr ft2 0F considered for external insulated walls.
Roof : U-value of Exposed Insulated Roof considered is 0.072 Btu/hr ft2 0F.
Partition :
Ceiling with Non Ac Area Above
Floor with Non Ac Area Below
Partition Wall
:
:
:
0.48
0.48
0.40
18
9. VRF System Description [For Common areas]
Each lift lobby / entrance lobby will have Cassette / Ductable /Floor / hiwall mounted type indoor unit suiting to interior requirements
having fan, coil and filter housed in a cabinet. All these indoor units will be connected to a group of outdoor units through refrigerant
and communication cables. High quality refrigerant joints, refrigerant piping and cabling will be laid through shaft to the terrace
level/ intermediate mechanical floor levels.
Outdoor units will be located at the intermediate refuge level/ mechanical floor levels of the
building; sufficient maintenance and air circulation space will be available surrounding the
outdoor units. The TFA units could be connected to VRF outdoor units.
As described above VRF system will consist of the following components :
Heat pump type Condensing unit

Indoor unit suitable to interior of apartment
Ref.net Joints & Headers
Individual Remote controller in per unit
Central Remote control per apartment
ENVIORNMENT FRIENDLY :
The modern VRF system used HCFC free R 410A refrigerant as a media. Hence it does not
contribute to ozone depletion. Also due to its high COP especially at the part load condition,
commonly prevailing in residential application. VRF system has lower global warming impact on
Environment.
19
NOISE LEVEL :
Night Quiet Function

Low operating sound level for Night time
Mode 1.Automatic
Peak in the outdoor temperature
Capacity
%
100
8 hours
(Initial Setting)
50
Load Operation
%
sound dB
Indoor units posses very low sound level in the range of 32 d to 38 dB., in
addition outdoor units are also reasonably quiet and sound level of ODU are
in the range of 60 dB. Moreover VRF outdoor unit have very advance NIGHT
QUIET MODE , which brings down noise level of outdoor units up to 13 dB
when capacity requirement is lower during night operation. This can be achieved
by both auto and manual mode.
0
58
10 hours
(Initial Setting)
Night Mode
max. - 8dB ( 10HP)
50
8:00
12:00
16:00
20:00
0:00
Night mode
starts
4:00
8:00
Night mode
ends
The low noise operating mode

is activated 8 hours after the
recorded peak day time
temperature, and will run for 10
hours,
Mode 2. Manual
Exact starting time and ending
time can be input by an
external time clock, or other
device.
Mode 3.Combined
Combination of either of the
above modes, depending on
47
the needs.
OUTDOOR UNIT PLACEMENT :

It is very convenient to place outdoor units on terrace with provision of the sufficient
service space. Also shafts containing refrigerant piping will be very close to outdoor unit
location. VRF system can achieve long ref. pipe length up to 150 mt. between indoor
and outdoor units. This makes it possible to have outdoor units at desired location.
VRV-Long Piping
5m
Actual
piping length
150 m
50 m
40 m
Equivalent
Piping length
175 m
15 m
21
20
SHAFT SPACE :
VRF system involves comparatively very small ref. pipe diameter; approximately 1/3 of that of
chilled water system. This results in less shaft space utilization and good amount of shaft space is
left for other utilities.
CENTRAL MONITORING & CONTROL :

Simplified but advance central control air conditioning management system that
gives complete control of VRF air conditioning equipments can be provided in
accordance with building management requirement. These controls can be used
without full time supervision. VRF offers multifunctional centralized as well as
localized control management system to centrally control and monitored
Temperature settings, Time scheduling, Change over, Malfunction alarm and various
energy saving features. It can also be hooked up with Fire and Security system.
1/3
EXCLUSIVE VRV CONTROL SYSTEM
4 units max.
iPU
intelligent Processing Unit
Fire alarm Security
Local
Controller
HRV
50
21
INDIVIDUAL CONTROL :
VRF is a completely variable system and has negligible fixed energy components. This
characteristic makes it highly suitable for application such as this, which has constantly
changing occupancy of a bldg. It provides each room with independent control, allows
system shutdown in rooms where No Air-conditioning is required and accordingly power
consumption of the system will reduce proportionately. It has characteristic of better
energy efficiency at part load condition, which is normally the case in Hotel bldg.
Individual controllability
An energy-efficient, comfort-providing system that conditions only when
and where it is called for: Automatic capacity control by inverter.
Central A/C System
VRV System
The systems commonly

condition the entire building
at predetermined times, with
no regard to user demands.
EASY MAINTENANCE:
17
Back-up Function - Multiple

Even though VRV compressor failure rate is extremely low,
the backback-up function will give further peace of mind
mind.
Compressor
breaks down
INV
Stop
BackBack-up by
setting on RC
Running
INV
Alarm is
indicated
on the RC
Broken
INV
It is completely self diagnostic system and generates error codes on remote Control display
indicating the type of error occurred. Also this being modular system doesnt need only
standby equipments because if one compressor is malfunctioning, other takes over
emergency operation. If an outdoor units malfunction, another provides emergency
operation till repair.
The systems condition only

the necessary rooms with
regard to user demands.
The broken
compressor
can be
repaired
while the
remaining
units are still
operating.
Continue running
INV
INV
INV
40
22
10. Ventilation Systems

Common Areas:
The common areas like entrance lobbies, shops & clubhouse shall be air conditioned. A separate mechanical ventilation system
shall be used to pressurize fire fighting elevators if required whenever a smoke condition is detected by the fire alarm system.
General
Each ducted ventilation system shall incorporate all necessary cross talk attenuators and silencers to achieve the specified noise
conditions for each area. The ducted systems shall also include fire dampers to maintain the integrity of fire compartments. Both
supply and extract ductwork shall be thermally insulated and vapour sealed to limit heat losses and to avoid surface condensation.
Ductwork shall be supported in such a manner to avoid the transfer of vibration. Volume control dampers shall be positioned in key
locations to support commissioning and to ensure that design air flow rates are achieved throughout each circuit.
11. Standards and Codes

Following STANDARDS & CODES will be applicable for the project.
1. ARI STANDARD 550/509 2003
Performance rating of water chilling packages

using vapour compression cycle
2. ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 30-1995
Method of testing liquid chiller packages
3. ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 34-2001
Number designation & safety classification of

refrigerants
4. ANSI/ASHRAE STANDARD 41.1-86-2001
Measurements guide
23
5. ARI 110-2002
Air conditioning & refrigerating equipment

nameplate voltages
6. ASHRAE 1991
Terminology of Heating Ventilation Air conditioning

& Refrigeration.
7. ASME STANDARD PTC 19.2-1987 PART II
Instruments & apparatus pressure measurements
8. IEC STANDARD 60038
IEC Standard voltages
9. ISA STANDARD RP 31.1
Recommended Practice, Specification, Installation,
10. SMACNA-1990
& Calibration of Flow meters

HVAC Systems-Duct Design
11. SMACNA- 1985
HVAC air duct leakage test manual
12. SMACNA- 1985
HVAC duct construction standards-Metal & flexible I

edition
13. SMACNA-1989
HVAC duct system inspection guide
14. SMACNA- 1989
Rectangular industries duct construction
15. SMACNA- 1977
Round industries duct construction
16. ANSI/ASHRAE/52.1-1992
Gravimetric & Duct spot procedure for testing air

cleaning devices used in general ventilation for removing particulate matter
17. BS 6540, Part 1
Methods of test for atmospheric dust spot efficiency &

synthetic dust weight arrestance
18. ANSI/ASHRAE 55-1992
Thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy
24
19. CTI-ATC 105-1990
Acceptance test code for watercooling towers, mechanical draft,

natural draft, fan assistant typeevaluation of results and thermaltesting of
results and thermaltesting of wet and dry coolingtowers. (1990)
20. CTI-ATC 128-1981
Code of measurement of sound from water cooling towers
21. SMACNA 1984
Energy conservation guidelines
22. SMACNA 1991
Energy recovery equipment and Systems, air to air
23. ANSI/ASHRAE-51-1985
Laboratory methods for testing fans for rating
24. ANSI-UL-555-1990
Fire dampers
25. NFPA
Fire protection hand book 17th edition
26. TEMA 1988
Standards of tubular exchanger manufacturers
ANSI/AMCA-210-1985
association 7th edition

27. ASME/ANSI B-31.5/1987
Refrigeration piping
28. ANSI/ASME A-13.1/1981 (R 1985)
Scheme for identification of piping system
Number designation and safety classification of refrigerants
30. ASHRAE
Refrigeration oil
31. ANSI/UL/1963-1991
Refrigerant recovery recycling equipment, 1989
32. ANSI/ASHRAE/111-1988
Practices for measurement, testing and balancing of

building, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and refrigeration system.
33. SMACNA
HVAC Systems- Testing, adjusting and balancing
25
Ventilation for acceptance indoor air quality and balancing, 1983
35. ASHRAE 90-1-1989
Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings except low rise
residential buildings
36. ASHRAE 15-1994
Safety code for Mechanical Refrigeration
37. ASHRAE 100-1989
Guideline 1-1989 Commissioning of HVAC systems.
IS CODES & STANDARDS:

AIRCONDITIONING EQUIPMENT:
38. IS 659 1991
Safety code for air-conditioning (revised) (Amendment 1)
39. IS 660 1991
Safety code of mechanical refrigeration (revised)
40. IS 6272 1991
Industrial cooling fans (Man coolers) (1st revision)
41. IS 7896 -1991
Data for outside design conditions for air-conditioning for

summer months
42. IS 8188 -1988
Code of practice for treatment of water industrial cooling systems
43. IS 8362 -1991
Copper and copper alloy rolled plates for condensers and heat
exchanges
44. IS 8667 -1993
Purchasers data sheet for cooling towers for process industry
45. SP 7 1983 Group 4
National Building code
26
ELECTRICAL WIRES & CABLES, LT & HT GRADE:

46. IS 694 -1977 Part I & Part II
PVC Insulated cables for voltage upto 1100V with copper and
aluminium conductors respectively
47. IS 732 -1989
Code of practice for electrical wiring installation
Code of practice for earthing
Specification for 3 phase induction motors
EARTHING:
48. IS 3043 -1966
MOTORS:
49. IS 325
NOISE & VENTILATION:
50. IS 9901 Part I & Part II Part 9-1991 :
Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and building

elements
51. IS 11050 Part I, Part II & Part III- 1991:
Rating of sound insulation in buildings and building elements
52. IS 14280 1995
Mechanical vibration balancing shaft and fitment key
convention
53. Is 14259 1995
Vibration & shock Isolators, procedure of specifying

characteristics
54. IS 12065 1987
Permissible limits of noise level for rotating electrical machines
55. IS 1950 1991
Code of practice for sound insulation of non industrial buildings

(Amendment 1)
56. IS 4729
Measurement and evaluation of vibration for motors.

(Withdrawn)
27
PIPE & FITTINGS:

57. IS 638 1993
Gaskets
58. IS 1239- Part I, Part II 1990/1992
Mild steel tubes and fittings
59. IS 5822 1994
Code of practice laying of electrically welded steel pipes for

water supply (2nd revision)
60. IS 6392 1988
Steel pipe flanges (Amendment 1)
61. IS 5312 Part I 1990, Part II 1991
Swing check type non return valves
62. IS 8418 1990
Horizontal centrifugal self priming pumps
63. IS 9542 1993
Horizontal centrifugal mono set pumps for clear, cold, fresh
PUMP AND VALVES:
water (Amendment 2)
64. IS 10981 1993
Class of acceptance test for centrifugal mixed flow and axial

flow pumps class B
65. IS 12992 1993 Part I, 1990 Part II
Safety relief valves
66. IS 13095 1991
Butterfly valve for general purposes
Refrigerants Number designation
Code of practice for fire safety of building (general): General
REFRIGERANT GAS & LUBRICANTS:

67. IS 10609 1991
SAFETY:
68. IS 1641 1993
principles of fire grading and classification (1st revision)
28
SHEET METAL WORK:

69. IS 277 1992
Galvanised Steel sheet (5th revision, Amendment 2)
70. IS 513 1963
Cold rolled low carbon steel sheets
71. IS 655 1991
Metal air ducts (revised) (Amendment 3)
72. IS 1079 1994
Hot rolled carbon steel sheets
73. IS 1977 1992
Structural steel (ordinary quality)
74. IS 2026 1992
Steel for general structural purposes
75. IS 7613 1991
Method of testing panel type air filters for air-conditioning

purpose
TERMINAL INSULATION:
76. IS 3346 1990
Method of determination of thermal conductivity of thermal

insulation materials (2 slab guarded hot plate method)
(1st revision)
77. IS 4671 1990
Expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation purposes

(1st revision)
78. IS 10556 1990
Code of practice for storage and handling of Insulation

materials
79. IS 11239 Part 1 to Part 13
Method pf test for cellular thermal insulation materials
80. IS 3103 1975
Code of practice for industrial ventilation (1st revision)
81. IS 3588 1991
Electric axial flow fans (1st revision)
82. IS 4894 1991
Centrifugal fans (1st revision)
VENTILATION:
29
4. ELECTRICAL
30
* Electrical Services Criteria:
The electrical system will be designed in accordance with National Building Code of India. The electrical design will be based upon
the following electrical supply criteria
Medium Voltage (MV) 33kV / 3 phase / 50 Hertz
11kV / 3 phase / 50 Hertz
Low Voltage (LV 3 phase) 415 V / 3 phase, 4 Wire / 50 Hertz
Low Voltage (LV 1 phase) 230 V / 1 phase / 50 Hertz
ELECTRICAL DESIGN
1.
POWER REQUIREMENT COMPUTATION:

Based on the criteria power computation is done attached as ANNEXURE 2.1 with this report. From the same we have
following quantities:
2.
SOURCE OF POWER SUPPLY AND OVER HIGH SIDE SCHEME

Grid power of SEB shall be HT power made available for the project at 11 KV from the nearby substation. HT metering and
ring main unit in case of under ground supply shall be located on the Ground level within the complex or in a dedicated
service block. The same shall be installed by SEB as per their standards.
SEB will supply L.T supply to both the Residential & the Common Area section through its substation suggest currently at
Ground level in margin space.
From the L.T Panels, rising mains will be provided to the shafts catering to the typical flats till 64 floors which will further be
tapped off by the Flats.
31
3.
D.G. BACKUP CALCULATION AND CAPACITY COMPUTATION

Total load for the common area to be catered by D.G. set is 948 KW which at 0.8 p.f. and 80% max loading shall require
total gensets catering to app. 2 X 750 KVA and 1 X 400KVA.
As the L.T Power is fed to the Residential Apartments and the load shedding of these apartments is negligible to an extent.
Hence, it is envisaged that no Apartment should be given the DG back.
All lighting, power, convenience power, Lifts, Plumbing Fire pumps, and Pressurization System and Fans shall be supplied by
DG set equipped with Auto Mains Failure panels. AMF panel will switch over the above loads onto DG supply within 15-20
seconds. In case of repair/ maintenance or operational difficulty with any of DG set, these shall be manually interchangeable
to meet the critical loads.
Engine cooling shall be achieved by air cooled radiator type engines as the D.G. sets are proposed to be planned OTS near
substation block.
The D.G. sets shall be with acoustic canopy as per latest CPCB norms and sound limits shall be max 75 dB at 1 mtr from
D.G. set in free field condition.
Generator sets will have an inbuilt approx. 990 liters fuel storage tank catering to the full day requirement of the building
common areas.
Scope of Standby Supply
Standby power generation is required to support life safety systems throughout the building which shall include but not be
limited to the following elements:
Essential/emergency lighting
Stair pressurisation
Lifts ( Fire fighting and evacuation purposes)
32
Fire alarm and voice alarm systems

Fire pumps and associated equipment
Fire suppression systems and associated equipment
Smoke ventilation and associated equipment (Common Areas)
Aircraft warning lights
In addition, standby power generation typically supports essential applications to ensure that the building functions in a
manner that is conducive to the operators final requirements in the event of mains power failure or disruption from the
electricity network supply.
Generator Configuration
The D.G. sets will be an coupled directly to an alternator to produce a three phase, 0.415 kV, 50Hz output which will allow
non-essential loads to be shed when the standby generators are in use.
Each standby generation system will comprise:
Generating set and associated alternator

Intake and discharge air plenums and attenuators
Heat rejection plant
Dual starting system
Fuel transfer facilities and local day tanks
Auxiliary and control equipment
Exhaust system
Cabling associated with this distribution is recommended to be housed in a separate fire rated shaft to the mains supply.
Switching between mains and generator supply could occur on the LV side;
Due to the nature of the electrical load distribution and the configuration of the electrical system, it is recommended that
the generators are located external to the building allowing ease of ventilation, limiting fuel supply runs, noise and vibration
problems and ease in extraction of fumes.
33
Generator Control System

The generator system controller will be able to interface with the sites BMS systems to allow key alarms and events to be
monitored and controlled.
Noise Treatment
The DG set will be incorporated into a dedicated plant room and acoustically (silenced canopy type) treated to reduce the
breakout of noise during operation. The exhaust silencer (including provision for future exhaust soot filters) and air intake
attenuators for each set will be contained within the plant room. Low noise (residential) exhaust flues will also be provided.
The electrical system will be designed in accordance with the IS, BS and the standards dictated by National Building Code
of India, 2005.
34
ADDITIONALLY WE SHALL FOLLOW:

a.
b.
c.
National Electricity Act of 1910 and rules issued there under revised up to date.
Special Attention should be given to Rule No. 50.
Regulations for electrical equipment in building issued by The Bombay Regional Council of insurance Association of
India.
4. Medium Voltage Distribution

Indoor 11kV Medium Voltage Switchgear will be used for the incoming supply distribution equipment, located within an
external substation. Indoor switchgear has been chosen to ensure no external visibility of assets and no impact on site
aesthetics. The switchboards will be specified for safety, operation and life in line with the load and nature of the
installation.
Typical medium voltage switchboards are shown in figures below.
Figure Medium Voltage Indoor Switchboards
35
5. Low Voltage Distribution

Low voltage switchboards will be located within the Basement plant rooms and technical floors fed from substation
transformers provided by the BEST. These switchboards will be fitted with Air Circuit Breakers ACB and Moulded Case Circuit
Breakers MCCB type circuit breakers to serve but not limited to the following equipment/plant:
Motor Control Centres (MCCs)

Dedicated mechanical/hydraulic plant
Lifts
Tenants rising busbars
Landlords rising busbars
Local Distribution boards (technical floors)
Fire Suppression System
Fire Alarm System
Stair Pressurisation
Power factor correction
Building Management System
UPS (if required)
Central battery (if required)
Dedicated Security/ Telecommunication equipment (if required)
The switchboards will be specified for safety, operation and life in line with the load and nature of the building.
The LV switchboards will be provided with spare breakers (approximately 20%).
Typically the technical floors will serve a number of floors within the building. The main low voltage distribution from the
technical floors will be provided based on having an LV riser within each of the 3 cores serving the adjacent segment. Sub
main distribution will comprise sub main cabling to items of plant and equipment and rising busbar distribution systems.
36
The main LV distribution switch panels will comply with category Form 4 construction and be manufactured to BS EN 60439
1. It is generally expected that all LV distribution panels will be bottom entry/top exit, and that access for maintenance and
future modifications will all be carried out from the front of the panels.
Power supplies to life safety systems will be designed with two independent feeds to system with an automatic transfer
switch (ATS) able to detect power failure, initiate transfer to alternate supply and monitor incoming power.
Power Quality
Power factor at the supply intake point should be maintained at better than 0.95 lagging. Allowance will be made for power
factor correction equipment on LV switchboards. Connection points and CTs will be provided to allow future power factor
correction or active harmonic filters to be installed at each main LV Switchboard.
Space for active harmonic filters will be provided to eliminate harmful harmonics that can cause nuisance tripping,
overheating and damage to equipment.
The load assignment across the 3 phases will be as evenly distributed as possible to prevent load imbalance.
Metering
Metering will be provided on LV switchboards and will cover the main incoming supply as well as required outgoing ways. All
metering will be supplied with volt free contacts to allow remote monitoring by the BMS
system.
Metering will be provided to monitor the usage and quality of the power system. Power metering will have two primary
functions
Energy metering
Power quality monitoring
37
Metering will be provided on a tiered basis with meters at high level switchboards and critical systems provided with a
higher functionality to enable full detailed analysis while general distribution boards downstream having less functionality,
but still meeting the key requirements for system performance analysis.
The design of the metering is to be such that it permits a full breakdown of the power consumed by the building.
Sub tenant utility metering will need to be provided in accordance with the local electricity supply authority to areas such as
the serviced apartment. Local metering close to LV supply will need to be provided.
Further discussions are required with the local authority.
Small Power Services
The distribution boards will be located throughout the building to serve local lighting and power requirements.
Distribution boards will mainly be 3 phase, 4 pole, allowing for ease of load sharing across the phases. Distribution
boards will be located in dedicated electrical cupboards and plant rooms and sized adequately to serve the immediate
vicinity with allowance for 20% spare capacity.
Distribution boards will be:
Provided with outgoing Miniature Circuit Breakers or Residual Current Circuit Breakers with/without Overcurrent
(MCBs, RCBs, and RCBOs) to suit final circuit.
Provided with top, bottom or side entry/exit for LV cables and connections
Local indication on incomer and breakers for open, closed and trip.
Manufactured to BS EN 60439 1 or local prevailing code, whichever is more stringent.
38
Generally small power services to the buildings will be distributed in electrical trunking system mounted in ceiling voids and
floor screeds and in conduits for final distribution to accessories and outlet points. In order to aid rewire ability, conduits will
be surface mounted where installed in ceiling voids and concealed in the building fabric where located in visible areas and
floor screed. Single and multicore FRLS (Flame Retardant Low Smoke) cabling will be used for final circuits and sub mains.
The system will be fully tested in accordance with BS 7671, Requirements for Electrical Installations and applicable local
codes of practice.
6. Lighting
The lighting installation will be designed in accordance National Standards, British Standards and/or local prevailing code
requirements. Any particular Client or Architect requirements will need to be relayed and agreed upon.
High efficacy energy efficient lamps and light sources will be primary choice on selection throughout the project.
Common lamp sources will be used where possible to simplify maintenance and reduce the range of spare lamps stocked.
Lighting to the different areas of the buildings is covered under the relevant sections of this report.
Lighting within the car parking areas, service corridors and plant rooms will be surface mounted or suspended fluorescent
IP65 corrosion resistant linear fluorescent luminaires with protective diffusers.
Specialist lighting design for the Front of House (FOH) and public areas will be designed by the lighting consultant.
The lighting consultant will be responsible for meeting any relevant lighting levels and energy efficiencies to meet
environmental standards aspired. The demarcation between specialist lighting area and MEP Consultants responsibility
needs to be confirmed.
39
Lighting Levels
Lighting levels for the various areas are tabulated below and generally follow the National Building Code of India
recommendations, also tabled is the Light Power Density recommended by ASHRAE which is being used as a guide for LEED
certification and was applied to the building load assessment.
Lighting Controls
Where appropriate lighting control systems will be installed to maximize energy efficiency. Controls will include local manual
switching.
Emergency Lighting
The emergency lighting system will be designed to provide safe passage from the building in the event of a mains failure
and will be sized to power up 10-15% of the lighting load. Emergency lighting will have centralised control where
possible for ease of monitoring and maintenance.
The lighting will be designed to local authority regulations and NFPA 5000. A minimum of 10 Lux will be provided on the
centre line of escape routes, with routes up to 2m wide 50% of the route will be lit to 5 Lux. The emergency lighting system
will be capable of continuous operation for a minimum of 1 hours (90 minutes).
All areas within each building will be provided with maintained illuminated emergency exit signage which complies with the
aforementioned standard to indicate escape routes and exits. All emergency lighting will be co-ordinated with egress routes
to external ground, access to plant rooms, fire fighting equipment and main plant areas.
The emergency lighting system will be by means of static inverter located in strategic locations throughout the building to
support chosen normal ambient fittings in the event of local circuit failure.
These static inverter systems will comprise of maintenance free lead acid batteries, charger, inverter and control equipment.
The size of the units can only be determined on completion of the lighting design and receipt of luminaries specifications
from specialist designer.
The emergency lighting system will be complete with an automatic testing system. All cabling will be fire rated.
40
7. Lightning Protection
The building will be provided with a non isolated Lightning Protection System (LPS) that complies to BS EN 62305, NFC-17102 and local prevailing code requirements. The system will comprise of a lightning protection network utilising the building
fabric Where possible including the tower's structural columns as down conductors, and the structural foundations/piles as
earth terminations.
The LPS will be designed to protect against damage to the following:
Building structure
Living beings
Equipment
The LPS will comprise a Faraday Cage system comprising four main elements as follows:
Air terminal network

Down conductor network
Earth termination network
Bonding
The LPS will need to be interconnected to the structure and other building systems to achieve one equipotential system. The
LPS will therefore need to be bonded to the following:
Structural exposed metal parts

Internal systems (i.e. power, telecoms, satellite)
Incoming services (for example water mains pipe work)
External conductive parts (i.e. facade, metal window frames, etc) and lines connected to the structure
Internal conductive parts (i.e. pipe work, containment, etc)
Testing facilities
41
It is envisaged the air termination network will comprise of a network bonding the structure at the upper roof levels located
at corners, exposed points and edges in accordance with BS EN 62305.
The extent of lightning protection at the upper levels of the building will need to be further reviewed and studies
undertaken. The investigations will also need to include the potential likelihood of side strikes due to the height of the
building. Close coordination will also be required with the faade designers to integrate the lightning protection network into
the faade rather than developing separate systems.
The down conductor network will utilise the reinforcing bar network in the building structure.
The earth termination network will be provided by the building foundations, which allow the lightning protection down
conductors to be suitably connected to earth.
Test links points at ground level will be cast into the building columns and located at clearly identified points accessible by
maintenance staff. These points will enable the overall earth resistance of the building structure to be tested as well as
providing facilities connecting additional earth pits to the system should post construction tests prove these to be necessary.
Surge suppression and protection system may be required further design review will be required. Surge suppression if
required will be installed at all incoming power supply points and their condition will be remotely monitored. Surge diverters
for secondary protection will be provided in accordance with the Lightning Protection risk assessment for the facility.
8. Earthing System
Earthing will be provided in accordance with the requirements of BS 7430, BS 7671 and/or IS 3043, whichever is deemed
more stringent. The distance between 2 earthpits shall be 2 metres wherever possible. The earthing system will be designed
to protect against the risk of an electric shock and to protect equipment/systems.
42
The following elements will be connected to the buildings main earth system:
Earth mat (consisting of the building reinforcement structure)

Generator star points
Sky Bridge substations/transformers star point
Incoming/outgoing services including gas and water pipe work
Lightning protection system
Building structure
Switchgear
Specialist equipment (security, lifts, telecommunications etc)
Extraneous and exposed metal including the faade
HVAC duct and piping systems
Metalwork associated with outdoor pools / water features
The earthing system will be connected to the general mass of earth by connection to the building structural foundations.
Each LV switchroom will be fitted with a wall mounted main earth bar, for general connection of earthing systems within the
area. The earth bar will incorporate a proprietary link facility to enable disconnection for testing. The LV earthing system has
separate earth pits.
Extent of the clean earth requirement to specialist systems to be determined however recommended that a separate clean
earthing installation will be provided to the incoming telephone services room.
Chemical earthing shall be adopted as they are maintenance free for 15 years.
The final arrangement of the site earthing system will be subject to discussions and approval by the local electricity
authority.
43
9. Aircraft Warning Lights

Aircraft warning lights will be provided to alert aircrafts of the building structure. The system will be designed to the
International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) guidelines and the local Civil Aviation Authorities and will generally comprise:
Roof mounted medium intensity red obstruction luminaire giving flashes at the rate of 40 per minute. The luminaires will
have an effective intensity of 1,600 candelas and a lamp life of approximately 32,000 hours.
Intermediate building mounted low intensity dual lamp luminaires with the facility to automatically switch lamps in the event
of a lamp failure. The low intensity luminaires will be mounted at intermediate levels down the structure not exceeding 45
metres to the approval of the regional local Aviation Authorities.
All luminaires will be supplied with 230 Volt A.C. power connected to the emergency maintained system.
10.
STANDARD CODES AND BRIEF SPECS FOR MATERIALS :
A.
APPLICABLE IS STANDARDS
1.
2.
3.
4.
METERS (MEASURING) FOR ANALOG METERS

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF SWITCH GEARS
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR EARTHING
H.D. AIR BREAKER, SWITCH GEARS AND FUSES FOR
VOLTAGE NOT EXCEEDING 1000 VOLTS
SELECTION, INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FUSES
UP TO 650 VOLTS
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SWITCH GEAR AND
GEAR FOR VOLTAGE NOT EXCEEDING 1000 VOLTS
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
DEGREE OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY

ENCLOSURES FOR LV S/GEARS
INSULATED CONDUCTOR RATING
ENCLOSED DISTRIBUTION FUSE BOARDS AND CUT-OUTS
FOR VOLTAGE NOT EXCEEDING 1000 VOLTS
MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER
IS:1248-1986
IS:3072-1975
IS:3043
IS:4047-1977
IS:8106-1966
IS:4237-1967
IS:2147-1962
IS:8084-1972
IS:2675-1983
IS:8828-1978
44
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
FUSE WIRE USED IN RE-WEARABLE TYPE ELECTRIC FUSES

UP TO 650 VOLTS
PVC INSULATED ELECTRIC CABLES HEAVY DUTY
RECOMMENDED CURRENT RATING FOR CABLES
COPPER CONDUCTOR IN INSULATED CABLES AND CORES
CONDUCTOR FOR INSULATED ELECTRIC CABLES AND
FLEXIBLE CORDS
MILD STEEL WIRES, STRIPS AND TAPES FOR ARMOURING
CABLES
PVC INSULATION AND SHEATH OF ELECTRIC CABLES
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR FOR INSULATED CABLES
PVC INSULATED AND PVC SHEATHED SOLID ALUMINIUM
CONDUCTOR CABLES OF VOLTAGE RATING NOT
EXCEEDING 1100 VOLTS
RECOMMENDED CURRENT RATING FOR CABLE
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING
INSTALLATION SYSTEM VOLTAGE NOT EXCEEDING 650
VOLTS
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR FIRE SAFETY OF BUILDINGS
GENERAL)ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
RIGID STEEL CONDUITS FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING
FITTINGS FOR RIGID STEEL CONDUITS FOR ELECTRICAL
WIRING
FLEXIBLE STEEL CONDUIT FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING
ACCESSORIES FOR RIGID STEEL CONDUITS FOR
ELECTRICAL WIRING
PVC INSULATED CABLES (WIRES)
RIGID NON-METALLIC CONDUITS FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING
FLEXIBLE (PLAYABLE) NON-METALLIC CONDUITS FOR
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
THREE PIN PLUGS AND SOCKETS
CONDUCTORS FOR INSULATED ELECTRICAL CABLES AND
FLEXIBLE CODES
SPECIFICATION FOR CONDUIT FOR ELECTRICAL
IS:9926-1981
IS:1554 (PART I)
IS:3961(PART II)
IS:2982
IS:8130
IS:3975
IS:5831
IS:1753
IS:4288
IS: 961
IS: 732
IS: 1646
IS:1653
IS:2667
IS:3480
IS:3837
IS:694
IS:2509
IS:6946
IS:1293
IS:8180
45
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
INSTALLATION
IS:9537-1980
ACCESSORIES FOR NON-METALLIC CONDUITS FOR

ELECTRICAL WIRING
SWITCHES7
IS:3419
IS:3854
PLUGS
SHUNT CAPACITORS FOR POWER SYSTEMS
HRC CARTRIDGE FUSES AND LINKS UP TO 660 VOLTS
GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIREMENT FOR LIGHTING
FITTINGS
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR LIGHTING PUBLIC THOROUGH
FARES
WATERPROOF ELECTRIC LIGHTING FITTINGS
WATER TIGHT ELECTRIC LIGHTING FITTING
MILD STEEL TUBULAR AND OTHER WROUGHT STEEL PIPE
FITTING
LUMINARIES FOR STREET LIGHT
HRC FUSES HAVING RUPTURING CAPACITY OF 90 KA
EXHAUST FAN
CLASS I CEILING FAN
DANGER NOTICE BOARDS
IS:6538
IS:2834-1954
IS:2208
IS:1913-1969
IS:2944-1981
IS:3528
IS:3553-1966
IS:1239-1958
IS:2149-1970
IS:9224
IS:2312-1967
IS:374-1979
IS: 2551
ADDITIONALLY WE SHALL FOLLOW:

a.
National Electricity Act of 1910 and rules issued there under revised up to date.
b.
Special Attention should be given to Rule No. 50.
c.
Regulations for electrical equipment in building issued by The Bombay Regional Council of insurance Association of India.
ANNEXURE 1:
ELECTRICAL LOAD SHEET
46
5. WATER MANAGEMENT,
PUBLIC HEALTH &
SANITATION
47
D.1 Project Brief

a. Conceptual Plan
a) The Concept report is based on the architectural concept plan given by client/architect.
b. Soil Investigation
a) The information regarding the sub-soil characteristics of site is not available. Detailed storm water harvesting design shall be taken up
based on the available soil report.
b) Site test to find out water absorption capacity / percolation rate of soil shall be carried out for detailed design of percolation / harvesting
well.
c. Climatic Data
The design of the water management system shall be done keeping in view the detailed climatic data like rainfall, temperature variation,
etc. of the region.
d. Water Quality
The quality of water from all the sources shall be checked. The major source of fresh water shall be municipal corporation supply. Client to
furnish water test reports for the same. Client to check and explore the possibility of water supply through bore wells / tankers for any
future provision and emergency. Suggestion regarding the treatment of water required, if any, shall be given from the water test report.
e. Drainage and Storm Water Connection
The pipe size and invert levels for nearby municipal sewers and storm water drains shall be furnished by client for final design of sewage
and storm water disposal.
48
D.2 Assumptions
a) Average annual rainfall in the vicinity 1000 mm.

b) Maximum intensity of rainfall 101.4 mm/hr.
c) Area of soft landscape is 15% of the site area.
d) Source of water supply will be corporation supply, bore-wells and tankers.
e) All the sewage generated in the building shall be treated in a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) with a bypass connected to Municipal
drains to meet emergencies. The recycled water shall be used for flushing, air-conditioning and irrigation.
f) 30 cum/hr rate of water percolation assumed for rain water harvesting.

g) Water efficient and low flow fixtures will be used in toilets.
h) Water less urinals can be used in certain areas
i) All the surface and terrace rain water runoffs shall be drained through well designed storm water disposal system after adopting
suitable rain water harvesting system.
D.3.
Water management system Infrastructure Requirements
Overall the Water management system consists of:

a) Water supply
b) Sewerage disposal system.
c) Sewage treatment scheme.
d) Storm water drainage system.
e) Rain water harvesting.
f) Sanitary vessels and water management system fixtures.
49
D.3.A. Water Supply

The main source of domestic water supply will be water supplied by Municipal Corporation. As per the inputs received from the client,
Corporation will not supply sufficient quantity of fresh water. The quality of water from Corporation will be assured. Suggestion for the water
treatment can be given from the water test report for all the available sources of water. The other source of water may be water from bore
wells and tankers.
Water supply required for various usages are categorized as follows:
A. Raw Water:
The water available from bore wells and tankers is the raw water and shall be stored in the raw water tank in the basement. Water
treatment plant shall be designed based on the chemical and physical analysis of water from the sources identified. This treated water
shall be collected in the fire water tank. Water from this fire water tank shall overflow into the domestic water tank.
B. Domestic Water:
The water supplied by MCGM shall be collected in this tank. Since the volume of water supplied by MCGM is very much less than total
domestic requirement per day, treated tanker/bore well water shall be mixed in this tank. This water shall be used for all the domestic
purposes such as at wash basins, showers, bath tubs, health faucets at WC and in kitchen for cooking and drinking.
C. Recycled Water:
Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) shall be installed to treat all the sewage and sullage generated in the both the buildings. The STP shall
be able to treat the sewage to generate clear water which can be used for flushing and irrigation. Recycled water shall be used for
flushing WCs.
50
Water Supply and STP Capacity Calculations:
Domestic cold
No.
A
Description
B
1
2
3
Wing A
Wing B
Wing C
4
5
6
7BHK
6 BHK
5 BHK
5 BHK (17
Flats)
Flats/floor
C
Persons/flat
D
No. of
floors
E
10
11
12
Typical
flats
Duplex
flats
F=CxDxE
LPCD
G
LPD
H=FxG
LPCD
J
TYPICAL FLOORS
12.00
40.00
1,920.00
100.00 192,000.00 60.00
10.00
40.00
1,600.00
100.00 160,000.00 60.00
10.00
40.00
1,200.00
100.00 120,000.00 60.00
Total for typical floors
4,720.00
472,000.00
FLOORS WITH DUPLEX APARTMENTS
Wing A
1.00
14.00
6.00
84.00
100.00
8,400.00 60.00
1.00
12.00
6.00
72.00
100.00
7,200.00 60.00
1.00
10.00
5.00
50.00
100.00
5,000.00 60.00
Total for duplex in wing A
206.00
20,600.00
Wing B
17.00
10.00
170.00
100.00
17,000.00 60.00
4.00
4.00
3.00
Total for duplex in wing B

8
Domestic hot
88.00
10.00
26.00
12.00
Total for duplex in wing C

Entertainment/club/fitness centre area (all wings lump sum)
Guest and visitors
Drivers
Total for one building
Flushing
Total Pax
170.00
LPD
K=FxJ
LPCD
L
LPD
M=FxL
115,200.00
96,000.00
72,000.00
283,200.00
40.00
40.00
40.00
76,800.00
64,000.00
48,000.00
188,800.00
384,000.00
320,000.00
240,000.00
944,000.00
5,040.00
4,320.00
3,000.00
12,360.00
40.00
40.00
40.00
3,360.00
2,880.00
2,000.00
8,240.00
16,800.00
14,400.00
10,000.00
41,200.00
10,200.00
40.00
6,800.00
34,000.00
6,800.00
34,000.00
35,200.00
176,000.00
12,480.00
47,680.00
60,000.00
62,400.00
238,400.00
300,000.00
2,000.00
11,000.00
251,520.00
3,000.00
19,800.00
1,257,600.00
17,000.00
Wing C
100.00
88,000.00
60.00
52,800.00
312.00
1,192.00
100.00
31,200.00
119,200.00
150,000.00
60.00
18,720.00
71,520.00
90,000.00
200.00
440.00
6,288.00
5.00
20.00
1,000.00
8,800.00
628,800.00
880.00
Water
reqmt
LIT
N=H+K+M
10,200.00
40.00
40.00
10.00
25.00
377,280.00
51
Domestic (hot + cold)
Flushing
Total
Total daily water requirement for all wings
1,006,080.00
251,520.00
1,257,600.00
Underground water tank @ 1.5 day's capacity
1,509,120.00
377,280.00
1,886,400.00
Daily sewage quantity @ 90% of input: 1,131,840.00 Lit or 1,131.84 m 3

Consider 100% load condition with 85% output. Output of STP: 962,064.00 Lit 962.06 m3
Irrigation water requirement:
Garden area on podium
9,678.73 sqm
Water requirement for irrigation per day
10.00 lit/sqm/day
Total recycled water requirement
96,787.30 lit/day
Say
97,000.00 lit/day
Recycled water requirement:

For flushing (all three wings)
For irrigation (landscape podium)
251,520.00
lit/day
97,000.00
lit/day
Total recycled water requirement
348,520.00
lit/day
Excess recycled water available
613,544.00
lit/day
52
Water supply by MCGM:

Water supply
No. Description Flats/floor Persons/flat No. of floors
A
Total Pax
F=CxDxE
LPCD
LPD
H=FxG
1 Wing A
4.00
5.00
55.00
1,100.00
90.00
99,000.00
2 Wing B
4.00
5.00
55.00
1,100.00
90.00
99,000.00
3 Wing C
4.00
5.00
55.00
1,100.00
90.00
99,000.00
Total water supply by MCGM
3,300.00
297,000.00
Tanker water requirement:

Total water domestic requirement for one day (all three
wings)
1,006,080.00 lit/day
Water supply by MCGM
297,000.00 lit/day
Shortfall in water requirement
709,080.00 lit/day
Tanker capacity
15,000.00 lit
No. of tankers/day
47.27
Say
50.00
53
Proposed Water Storage System:
SCHEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF WATER TANKS
54
UG tank capacities for 1.5 day's storage (both buildings)

No.
Description
Capacity (lit)
One day
1.5 day
1,188,000.00
1,782,000.00
243,900.00
365,850.00
1,431,900.00
2,147,850.00
1 Domestic (drinking, cooking and other domestic purpose)

2 Recycled (flushing and irrigation)
Total
Water storage and treatment:
Domestic water:
Water from bore-wells / tankers (raw water) shall be brought to the building at approximately 1 m below ground level in raw water tank.
Water supplied by Municipal Corporation shall be stored in the domestic water tank.
From raw water tank, water shall be fed to suitable water treatment plant by means of feed pumps and stored in the fire water tank,
overflow of which shall be given in domestic water tank. This water shall be used for all domestic purposes such as, cooking, drinking and
all other domestic purposes. The treatment for raw water will consist of filtration through pressure sand filters, activated carbon filters.
Water treatment philosophy shall be detailed out based on the chemical and physical analysis of water from bore wells / tankers.
There shall be a proper system to receive 60 to 65 tankers daily with well planned entry and exits so as not to disturb the overall traffic
movement within and outside the premises. We also suggest entering into a long term agreement with reliable tanker suppliers providing
consistent quality of water. Since fresh water deficit is supplemented with bore wells, it is suggested to have a resistively test and hydrogeological survey to ensure good quality consistent water supply throughout the year. Standby bore wells shall also be planned for the
same. The water received everyday shall be randomly checked for physical, chemical and microbial analysis to ensure that water quality is
maintained.
55
Recycled water:
Water treated by STP is termed as recycled water. It shall be collected in the underground tank meant for the same and shall be supplied
to all the WCs and urinals for flushing, and for irrigation.
Water Distribution and Supply System:
The entire building shall be divided in various zones for water supply system as follows:
No.
1.
2.
3.
Zoning
Zone - 1
Zone - 2
Zone 3
Levels Considered in Zoning
Location of Break
System of Water
Pressure tank
Supply
Ground level parking Residential Level 17 and filling tank
Directly through ground level
Hydro-pneumatic
at Level 18
tanks
pumping system
Residential Level -19 to Level 38 and filling tank at Level Service floor at Level 18
Hydro-pneumatic
39
pumping system
Residential Level -40 onwards
Service floor at Level 39
Hydro-pneumatic
pumping system
IMPORTANT NOTE: This zoning is based on the present sections and levels. It will be further fine tuned with the final
architectural sections and levels.
There shall be a separate pumping and distribution system for domestic and flushing water. The break pressure tanks shall be of adequate
capacity to cater the requirement of the floors they shall be servicing.
56
There shall be three different tanks for three different types of water as explained above and there shall be three separate and
independent pumping systems for these three different types of water.
Hydro-pneumatic pressure boosting system comprising of 2 working and 1 standby pumps shall be installed in the pump room near the
tanks, which will feed water to each facility at pressures between 2.5 kg/cm2 to 4.5 kg/cm2. Gravity supply of water from break pressure
tanks shall be designed to feed water to each facility at pressures between 2.5 kg/cm2 to 4.5 kg/cm2. This type of water supply system shall
be followed for all three different types of water.
Small capacity make up tanks, at terrace/roof level, are proposed for domestic and flushing water so as to ensure continuous flow of water
to each facility even during DG change over periods during electricity failures
D.3.B. Generation and distribution of hot water and steam:
The hot water requirement for all residences shall be catered by central water heating system kept at MEP floors. The water heaters shall
be suitably designed to heat ambient water by 40 deg C. The total capacity of water heaters shall be 400,000 KCal/hr.
D.3.C. Sewerage Disposal System
General
Client shall check if there is any municipal sewer line in the abutting road and the pipe diameter, invert level and depth of the said man hole
chamber shall be furnished for designing the final connection to the sewer line. Provision shall be made for future connection and by-pass of
sewage treatment plant.
A sewage treatment plant shall be provided. Client has confirmed that the treated sewage and wastewater will be re-used flushing and
irrigation.
Provision shall be made to dispose the sludge generated after STP into the nearby existing drainage manhole of corporation. Alternatively,
sludge can be dried using filter press or centrifuge within our premises and dried sludge can be used as manure for irrigation.
57
Sewerage Disposal
The waste water and soil water shall be collected from toilet blocks / kitchen to main drainage network.
From toilets and kitchen, soil and wastewater shall be passed through gully trap chamber before connecting the same to main drainage
line.
Waste water from kitchens and pantry shall be passed through a grease trap before connecting to the drainage network.
The main drainage line shall discharge the soil and wastewater to sewage treatment plant for recycling the water for re use. The recycled
water shall be used for flushing, irrigation and for HVAC make up after softening.
D.3.D. Sewage Treatment Scheme

Possible Options of Sewage Treatment Plants
1. Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR)
2. FAB
3. SAFF
4. Chemical Treatment
5. Extended Aeration
Out of all the above five possible options, we suggest to install MBR technology STP. Client has also confirmed using MBR technology STP.
The comparison of MBR with other technologies is given here in under:
58
No.
Description
Extended Aeration
SAFF
FAB
Chemical
MBR
Treatment Plants
1
Type of Treatment
Based on suspended
Based on attached
Based on attached
Based on continuous
Based on
growth of bacteria
growth process
growth process
batch process
activated
sludge process
with ultra
filtration
No.
Description
Extended Aeration
SAFF
FAB
Chemical
MBR
Treatment Plants
2
Media used for
No Media required
treatment
Utilizes plastic
Utilizes plastic media
Utilizes three non
Utilizes
media floating in
fixed in position
toxic, non hazardous
membranes
chemical
for treatment
sewage
formulations
3
Final Clarifier
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
< 3000
No criterion
No criterion
required?
4
Tertiary Filter
required?
5
6
MLSS (mg/l)
M.L.S.S. monitoring
Required
Not Required
Not Required
No criterion as it
15,000 -
works on physio
20,000
chemical reactions
Required
such as precipitation,
disinfection,
59
flocculation &
clarification
7
Footprint area
Large
2-3 times smaller
2-3 times smaller
2-3 times smaller
3-5 times
smaller
8
9
No.
Process Stability
Retention Time
Description
Highly Sensitive to
Medium Sensitive
Medium Sensitive to
Medium Sensitive to
Not Sensitive
Sludge Bulking
to Sludge Bulking
Sludge Bulking
Sludge Bulking
to upsets
20 - 24 hrs
6 - 8 hrs
6 - 8 hrs
6 - 8 hrs
Extended Aeration
SAFF
FAB
Required
Not Required
Not Required
Not Required
Not Required
Chemical
Treatment Plants
4 - 6 hrs
MBR
10
Sludge Recycling
11
Power Consumption
High
Medium
Medium
High
High
12
Ease of Maintenance
Difficult
Easy
Easy
Easy
Easy
13
Ease of Operation
Difficult
Easy
Easy
Easy
Easy
14
Energy Cost
High
Medium
Medium
High
High
15
Useful for
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
modification /
capacity extension
of existing STP ?
60
16
Use of Chemicals for
High
Medium
Medium
Very High
Very Low
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Required
Required
Required
Required
Not Required
Extended Aeration
SAFF
FAB
High
Low
Low
Low
Low
Ineffective
Ineffective
Ineffective
Effective
Effective
High
Moderate
Moderate
Very High, since it is
Not required
pre-treatment / post
treatment
17
Requirement of
Continuous
monitoring for the
treatment plant
18
Chlorination
No.
Description
19
Environmental Aspect
Chemical
Treatment Plants
MBR
of sewage treatment
a) Sludge Production
b) Reduction of Coliform
c) Use of Coagulants
and Flocculants
a chemical process
plant
d) Use of Chlorine
e) Residual Chlorine
Required as per
Required as per
Required as per
sewage load
sewage load
sewage load
Yes
Yes
Yes
High
Yes
Not required
No
Presence in treated
water
61
f) Quality of Treated
Moderate
Good
Good
Good
Best of all
Bad
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Good
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Very High for the
Moderate
Recycled water
g) Overall Cleanliness of
the plant area
20
Dependency on the
vendor for routine
operation
chemicals
procurement
Effluent Characteristics
The effluent generated during activities contains mainly:
1. Suspended / colloidal organic components like food waste, toilet flushing, basins and hand wash, etc.
2. Dissolved organic components
3. Dissolved inorganic solids of cleaning chemicals
Raw Sewage Characteristics

Flow
350 cum/day
PH
78
BOD
250 - 350 mg/l
COD
500 - 600 mg/l
O&G -
~ 60 mg/l
TSS
300 mg/l
62
Treated Sewage Characteristics

For Re-use
Flow
300 cum/day
PH
78
BOD
< 5 mg/l
COD
< 30 mg/l
O&G
< 5 mg/l
TSS
< 5 mg/l
Assumptions
1. No other parameter which exceeds the treated sewage limits or which is hazardous in nature, will affect the biological process is
present in the raw sewage.
2. The oil present is in free-floating form.
Process Description
The brief process description for MBR sewage treatment process is as follows:
1. Sewage from main drain line is collected through gravity pipes into a screen chamber. This manually cleaned screen is provided to
remove floating and big size particles, which may choke the pumps and pipe lines.
2. Screened sewage is then passed through equalization tank to homogenize the sewage quality and also even out flow fluctuations
and feed sewage of uniform quality at constant rate to subsequent treatment units. Air mixing is also provided to mix the contents
of the equalization tank. A coarse bubble aeration grid is provided to distribute air uniformly at the base of the equalization tank.
3. After above treatment, raw sewage is fed into aeration basin.
4. In aeration tank MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) in the range of 12000 to 15000 mg/l are maintained. The high amount of
bacteria gives better and complete removal of organic matter from the raw sewage in relatively small area. Oxygen required for the
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bacteria is supplied through the blower. The air is used both for scouring of membranes and supplying oxygen to bacteria.
5. The filtration is carried out by the suction pump directly sucking permeates water. The permeate water produced is clear and
devoid of bacteria and viruses to the minimum levels.
6. As the membranes are continuously under operation, they are polluted with organic or inorganic substances. Hence, chemical
cleaning is carried out once in two to three months for removing substances polluting and clogging the membranes. Normal
cleaners used are sodium hypo chloride and citric acid.
Benefits for MBR Technology STP

MBR (Membrane Bio Reactor) is the latest technology in wastewater treatment with many advantages as listed below:
1. MBR requires much less space when compared to conventional activated sludge process.
2. MBR does not require clarifier tank where as conventional activated sludge process requires clarifier, which further adds to the area
requirement and cost.
3. Biological reaction in MBR can be carried out under the condition of 4 to 5 times of MLSS compared to conventional activated
sludge process. It means the biological reaction is faster and more organic components included in the feed wastewater can be
decomposed in shorter time or in smaller space. This also gives good treatment efficiency and high stability of sludge, which is easy
to dispose off.
4. The quality of treated water in case of MBR is much superior than conventional biological systems. As the membrane acts as a
physical barrier, it does not allow any sludge particles and to great extent bacteria and viruses to pass through it. Microorganisms
like coliform or cryptosporidium can be easily removed in MBR. This increases the reliability of the system multifold.
5. Conventional biological systems require further costlier tertiary treatment to match the performance of the MBR system. This may
include coagulation, filtration, chlorination, adsorption, UV treatment etc.
6. MBR system has minimum number of treatment units and very simple to operate. It does not require any regular handling of
hazardous chemicals. As the treatment units are less, it is less prone to system breakdowns.
64
7. As conventional treatment systems require disinfections with chlorine, it needs to be removed completely before applying on to
gardens or for green belt development. Otherwise, high amount of residual chlorine may damage the plants. Also, disinfection with
any disinfectant does not remove organisms, it only inactivates them. The effect depends on the amount of disinfectant used, the
quality of filtration applied, the retention time available for oxidation and the existence or non-existence of other competing
reaction partners (scavenging). As MBR acts like a physical barrier, it does completely remove bacteria and viruses up to a degree
of 4 - 6 log removal (104 to 106 times reduction), independent of type or life form of organism. It also helps in complete retention
of biomass in the aeration basin.
8. As the system has minimum units, it requires less chemical cost and power consumption when compared to conventional systems.
9. As chlorination is not required, MBR does not produce disinfection by-products or bad odors.
10. The energy consumption of MBR is extremely low (0.30 kwh/m3) and the treated domestic effluents has a four to six log
(99.99%) removal of total coliform. The MBR system does not require the use of chemicals, thereby making it extremely safe
during operation and re-use.
Area requirement
Approximate area required for STP will be 300 sqm.
D.3.E. Storm Water Drainage System
Design Criteria
1. Maximum intensity of rainfall is assumed as 101.4 mm/hr.
2. Average Co-efficient of Run-off is taken as 0.90.
3. Road camber is taken as 1:100 for concrete roads starting from center.
4. Surface slope as minimum 1:500.
65
Storm Water Disposal from Terraces

1.
Rain water pipes / spouts will be provided from terraces to ground level for taking out the rainwater.
2.
Slope of natural ground and infiltration capacity of open ground within the plot will not be sufficient to absorb / dispose off surface
water.
3.
Looking to rain intensity in the vicinity, storm water is proposed to be disposed off through a network of channels, pipes and
chambers / catch basins.
4.
The rainwater from the terraces will be disposed off through channels / pipe network.
5.
A grating at the main entrance will be provided to prevent entry of outside rainwater to the premises.
6.
Ground shall have minimum 1:500 surface slopes towards storm water collection system.
D.3.F. Rain Water Collection and Harvesting
Design Criteria
Broadly, there are two options for rain water harvesting:
1. 100% percolation / infiltration of the rain water to raise the sub-soil water levels and no reuse.
2. Maximum possible storage of rain water falling in the said premises and re-using the same for flushing, air-conditioning and irrigation,
surplus water to be used for percolation / infiltration.
The first option of 100% percolation / infiltration is possible only in the places where dry sub-soil aquifers are available so that the ground
water table is recharged. This option doesnt give the immediate benefit of water to the society, but over a period of time maintains or
increases the water table of the area.
Second option of storage of rain water and then re-using the same with suitable treatment is more advantageous in the present scenario
where we are facing shortages of water. The stored rain water can be re-used for air-conditioning, flushing and irrigation. In this case, the
66
initial rains are allowed to drain away in the harvesting well or city drainage so as to clean the storm water network and achieve clearer and
better quality of rain water for usage.
Depending upon the space availability and ground water conditions, we will decide the exact system for rain water harvesting.
D.3.G. Sanitary Fixtures and Water management system Fittings:
Since this is a high end project, the best quality fittings as approved by architect shall be used.
Water saver taps, push type fittings for basins / sinks / urinals shall be used.
Flush valves with facility to adjust discharge shall be used.
Water less urinals shall be used in some of the executive areas to reduce the water consumption.
D.4 Water management system Materials and Finishes

The following is schematic list of water management system materials, which we have considered at this stage.
Water Supply Network: Copper pipes shall be used for all internal hot and cold domestic water lines for hotel. C-PVC/PE-AL-PE pipes shall be
used for all the internal flushing water supply lines. Galvanised Iron pipes shall be used for all lines in the plumbing shafts for hotel. Suitable
insulation and protection will be provided to all the water supply lines at terraces and in ducts. Hot water lines will be suitably insulated to
prevent heat losses. CPVC pipes will be used for supply of RO / purified water. On terrace, UV stabilized CPVC pipes will be used and proper
protection will be given.
Sewerage Disposal System: Glazed stoneware pipes and RCC pipes with PCC haunch shall be used for external drainage system with proper
gradient and brick masonry chambers/manholes with CI covers and steps, shall be constructed at all junctions of sewer lines and at point of
change in direction of flow. For vertical soil and waste drainage lines, centrifugal cast iron pipes with drip seal / lead caulked joints shall be
used. For all suspended drainage pipe lines within the building, C.I LA class pipes shall be used with proper gradient.
67
Rain Water Disposal System: RCC pipes with PCC haunch shall be used for external storm water disposal system with proper gradient and
brick masonry chambers/manholes with grating / covers and steps at all junctions of storm drain lines and at point of change in direction of
flow. On driveways and landscape areas, properly designed storm water channels shall be provided as per the landscape features. For vertical
rain water down take lines, centrifugal cast iron pipes with drip seal / lead caulked joints shall be used. For all suspended storm water drain
pipe lines within the building, C.I LA class pipes shall be used with proper gradient.
Water Tanks / Pumps: Underground water tank will be constructed in R.C.C. with CI manholes / steps and MS ladders. All pumps will be
vertical / horizontal submersible pumps with control panel and variable frequency driven.
Sanitary Fixtures / Water management system Fittings: Being a high end project, the best quality fittings as approved by architect will
be used. Water saver taps, push type fittings for basins / sinks / urinals, low volume dual flush cisterns will be used to reduce water
consumption.
The details of other water management system materials and finishes will be worked out at the stage of finalization of the design.
68
6. Fire Engineering
69
Project Brief:
The Proposed ORCHID CROWN residential Building located at Mumbai is having Residential Blocks of Ground + 73 Floors (3
Blocks), Rehab Building having Ground + 22 & Ground + 14 (For Car Parking). The Height of the Residential blocks is 304.5m
approximately.
1.1 Introduction
The following Fire Engineering Concept report has been produced by PANKAJ DHARKAR ASSOCIATES for the ORCHID CROWN
project in Mumbai. The purpose of this report is to provide the client and the design team with an appreciation of the key fire
safety provisions necessary within the building at this stage in the developments design. This report will also subsequently be used
for submission to the Chief Fire Officer (CFO) for his consideration when issuing a No Objection Certificate (NOC) for the project.
The overall fire safety concepts for the building described within this report will deal with the means of escape strategy within the
tower and the interaction with the physical fire safety features proposed within the building, such as Compartmentation and fire
separation. In addition to these elements, the active fire safety features, such as sprinkler protection and smoke control, will be
introduced along with the buildings proposed fire-fighting strategy.
1.1.1 Design Assumptions and Fire Safety Systems Design Criteria
The design of ORCHID CROWN must follow the appropriate fire safety codes for a building of this nature. While a series of fire
safety codes are enforced within Mumbai, none were specifically designed to be applied to buildings of the height of ORCHID
CROWN (the development being approximately 304m tall) and therefore it is considered that the only method by which an
appropriate fire safety design for the tower can be derived is by the use of a fire engineered approach. It is proposed that India
fire safety codes of practice will form the basis of this fire engineered approach and where the recommendations within this guide
are considered unsuitable to be applied to the building, supplementary sources of information will be referenced as appropriate.
The basic parameters for the fire safety design of ORCHID CROWN will be therefore be the following local fire safety codes;
National Building Code of India Part IV Fire & Life Safety 2005
70
Practicing Engineers Architects and Town Planners Association (India) in Association with Mumbai Fire Brigade (Municipal
Corporation of Greater Mumbai) Handbook on Fire Safety in High Rise and Special Type Buildings 1999
Note: this document includes Additional Fire Protection Requirements for Multi-Storey High Rise & Special Buildings Appendix
VIII (Regulation 43)
Fire safety systems within the building will be designed to a selection of appropriate standards as indicated below:
Fire Alarm System
NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code, 2002 Ed
Sprinkler System
As per NBC & IS
Stand pipe and

hose reel system
As per NBC & IS
Portable Fire
Extinguishers
As per NBC & IS
Emergency
Lighting
As per NBC & IS
Fire resistance of
elements
As per NBC & IS
Fire Service
Access & Facilities
As per NBC & IS
Fire-fighting Lifts
As per NBC
Car Park
Ventilation
As per NBC
71
1.1.2 Building Classification

In accordance with Ref [1], ORCHID CROWN will be classified as Group A residential. The building will comprise residential use
flats.
The car park elements of the scheme are shared the between different uses and are therefore not ancillary to any one particular
use. As such, this area of the building forms a separate classification in its own right and is categorised as Group H storage.
1.1.3 Fire Safety Approvals Process
In order to gain local approval of the fire safety design of the building, the following procedure requires to be followed via the local
architects;
As a high rise building, the DC Regulations 1991 (Rule 43), require that the development must obtain a Clearance/No Objection
Certificate (NOC) from The Chief Fire Officer (CFO) in Mumbai.
The procedure to obtain Clearance/NOC is essentially divided into two stages;
Stage I: Pre-construction
In this stage the design team are required to submit an application to the CFO containing three complete sets of drawings and the
associated fire safety strategy document. Once the proposals have been reviewed, and amended if required by the CFO, a
Capitation Fee will be payable.
Following receipt of payment of the Capitation Fees, the CFO will issue its first No Objection Certificate together with the approved
plans/fire strategy report.
This NOC is the first clearance required from the Fire Brigade department before approval of plans and commencement of work on
site.
72
Stage II: Post Construction Final NOC from CFO

Following the construction of the building, and all the requirements of the NOC being complied with, the CFO should be
approached for Final NOC. The premises will be inspected by the Fire Brigade to ensure compliance with the previously agreed
requirements
Note: The Building Department will not issue an Occupation Certificate for the building without the Final NCO from the CFO.
It is to be noted that the projects local architects/engineer will make the relevant application to the CFO.
2.0 Means of Escape
2.1 Building Occupancy
Many aspects of fire safety design require an appreciation of a buildings occupancy in order to make an accurate assessment of
the number of people who may be present within a building, or a particular area of a building, in order to appropriately design a
buildings means of escape arrangements. This principle is however usually considered less significant in residential type occupies
as typically the number of people present within the building, and hence the number required to evacuate is usually quite small.
Area Type
Floor space Factor (m2/person)
Residential apartments
2 people per bedroom
Car Park
20 people per level
Mercantile
3.0 (street level )
Note 1: Floor space factors of 18.6m2/person for residential type accommodation.
73
2.1.1 Emergency Egress Philosophy

The evacuation strategy for the building will be based upon minimizing disruption to occupants in the event of a small fire incident,
or a false alarm, while efficiently evacuating those people who may be in direct danger from the effects of a fire. The means of
escape strategy adopted for the tower will be the 'staged evacuation' of a selected portion of the building this being considered
the most efficient and least disruptive form of escape for the building.
2.1.2 Arrangement of Exits
NBC 2005 gives specific advice with respect to when multiple exits are considered alternatives, other than to state that where
more than one exit is provided from a floor or room, these will be located as remote from one another as possible and arranged
such that direct access in separate directions is achievable.
Exits shall be arranged such that the distance between them is not less than 1/3 of the longest diagonal distance of the building or
area to be served. Where the occupants travel to the storey exits within a 1 hour fire rated corridor, the exit separation is
permitted to be measured along the actual travel distance between the storey exits
2.1.3 Travel Distances
Travel distances within all areas of the building (residential & car park) will adhere to the following maximum limits and defined by
the CFO & NBC.
Escape in a single direction
Escape in two directions
15m
30m
Note 1: When measuring travel distance within the residential portions of the building, travel from nonhabitable rooms (e.g.
bathrooms, toilets, enclosed kitchens, cupboards, dressing rooms etc.) will not be considered.
Note 2: Measurement of travel distance will terminate at either a final exit (on the ground floor) or on the upper floors at either the
door into the protected stair or the door into a protected lobby or corridor where provided.
74
2.1.4 Staircases
As currently required by the CFO, the two escape stairs provided throughout the tower element of the building will be a minimum
of 2m each in width.
No exit shall be less than 1000mm except in assembly areas where this is increased to 2000mm
Number of Occupants per Unit Exit Width

Stairways
Ramps
Doors
Residential (Group A)
25
50
75
Mercantile (Group F)
50
60
75
Assembly (Group D)
40
50
60
Car Park (Group H)
50
60
75
Occupants per Unit Exit Width for Stairs, & Doors to be Applied to ORCHID CROWN.
2.1.5 Refuge Areas Code Compliant Recommendations
As a high-rise residential building, a series of Refuge Areas are required throughout the tower, to be used as shelters for use by
evacuees exiting the building, or for use by the Fire Service to form staging areas when entering the building.
In the main, the refuges will be located behind one of the escape cores within one of the towers wings. The appropriate code
recommendations, for the number/location/size of the Refuge Areas provided is given below;
The first Refuge Area is to be provided on the first floor above 24m from ground level. Subsequent
75
Refuge Areas are to be provided a maximum of seven floors thereafter.

The floor area of the 1st Refuge Area should be 4% of the habitable area of the floors between the 1st and 2nd Refuge Area.
The floor area of the 2nd Refuge Area should be 4% of the habitable area of the floors between the 2nd and 3rd Refuge Area and
so on
The minimum Refuge Area shall be 15m2 and the maximum area be 50% of the area of the floor where it is provided
The Refuge Area shall be provided on the periphery of the floor and open to air on at least one side.
The Refuge Area shall be separated by brick masonry wall of 9 thickness and access to the refuge shall be via a hour fire door
Access to the Refuge Area shall be direct from an escape stair.
The minimum clear height within the Refuge Area shall be 1.8m
The Refuge Area is to be used solely by building occupants as a temporary place of shelter in the case of emergency or by the Fire
Service dealing with a fire or another emergency. The Refuge Area is not to be used for any other purpose than these.
The entrance door to the Refuge Area will bear a sign with the words REFUGE AREA IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
Adequate drinking water and emergency lighting will be provided within each Refuge Area
2.1.6 Disabled Escape Provisions
In a building of this height, a disabled escape strategy adopting lift evacuation, in combination with protected refuge spaces, is
considered the most appropriate method for the safe removal of disabled occupants in a fire condition. The local fire safety codes,
do not provide any specific requirements with respect to the evacuation of disabled persons. The main points of which are
highlighted below;
Where required, each escape stair will be provided with a single refuge space for disabled persons to wait for assistance during an
evacuation.
76
To facilitate the effective evacuation of people from the refuge positions, a voice communication system will be provided which will
enable the occupants of each refuge to alert the buildings management team that they are in need of assistance.
The disabled evacuation strategy for the development requires to be further developed by the buildings management team with a
structured policy/procedure to enable its effective operation.
2.1.7 Exit Signs
Self illuminating, electrically operated, exit signs will be provided on all floors indicating the direction of escape in accordance with
NBC.
3.0 Compartmentation & Structural Fire Protection
3.1 Structural Fire Protection
Element
Fire Resistance Rating

(hours)
External Load Bearing Walls

Supporting more than one floor, columns, or other walls
Supporting one floor only
Supporting a roof only
3
3
3
Internal Load Bearing Walls

Supporting more than one floor, columns, or other bearing
walls
Supporting roofs only
3
2
2
77
Columns
walls
Beams, Slabs, Plate Girders, Trusses, and Arches
walls
Floors
Roofs
Interior Non-bearing Walls
Top Spire
Fire Refuge Areas (Walls)
Staircases
Walls
Ceilings
Corridor Walls
Lift Enclosure (Walls)
Compartment Walls
Service Ducts/Risers & Lift Machine Rooms
Transformer, Switchgear & Generator Rooms (Walls)
AHU Rooms
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
1
0
0
2
3
2
1
2
2
2
4
1
Table for Fire Resistance Rating of Structural Members & Other Elements of Construction
3.2 Compartmentation & Fire Separation
Compartmentation will be provided between each different purpose group within the building ie. between the buildings different
uses.
As a high rise building, compartment floors will be provided at every floor level to prevent fire spread between storeys, thus
preventing full building involvement in fire.
78
3.3 Building Materials

Load bearing elements of construction, and elements of construction for which the required fire resistance is 1 hour or more, will
be of non-combustible material. Stairways and corridors will not contain any combustible material.
3.4 Fire Doors
The following fire resistance periods for doors will be applied within ORCHID CROWN:
Door Location
Fire Resistance Rating

(hours)
Staircase, protected lobby & refuge doors
2 hours
Corridors doors
2 hours
Lift Enclosures
Landing Doors
Car Doors
1 hour
hour
Service Ducts/Risers Doors
2 hours
Transformer, Switchgear & Generator Room

Doors
2 hours
Doors to AHU Rooms
1 hour
Table for Summary of Door Fire Resistances
79
3.5 Faade Design

In order to limit the potential for fire spread floor-to-floor via the exterior of the building, the minimum distance between the top of
the opening on a lower floor and the sill of that on the floor above shall be 0.9m so that the fire would have to travel at least 0.9m
between storeys. The fire resistance rating of any such construction will be a minimum of 1 hour.
Figure shows Location of Areas of Fire Resistant Faade Required to Prevent External Fire Spread
3.6 Staircase Enclosure Protection
The internal enclosing walls of staircases shall be of brick or RCC construction with a minimum fire resistance of 2 hours. All
enclosed stairs shall be accessed via a lobby with both doors (lobby & stair door) having a minimum fire resistance of 30 minutes.
Staircases will be mechanically pressurised throughout in according to NBC.
80
3.7 Lift Shaft Enclosure Protection

The walls enclosing the lift shafts shall have a minimum fire resistance of 2 hours. Shafts shall have permanent vents at the top of
0.2m2 minimum free area. have a minimum fire resistance of 1/2 hour.
The maximum number of lifts in one bank shall be four. The shaft for the fire lift in a lift bank shall be separated from the adjacent
lifts by brick masonry or RCC with a minimum fire resistance of 2 hours.
The lift machine room shall be separate from the shaft and shall not contain any other machinery.
These doors may be kept in the open position by an electro-magnetic device linked with the smoke detection system.
4.0 Fire Safety Systems
4.1 Sprinkler Protection
The building will be protected throughout by an approved and supervised automatic sprinkler system, to be designed and installed
in accordance with NBC norms and any additional requirements as defined by the CFO.
As per NBC the under ground water tank of 1, 00,000 Ltrs. Capacity and 25,000 Ltrs capacity over head tank shall be provided for
the buildings having more than 60 Meters in Height. However the requirement of Under Ground tank and over head tank shall be
followed as per the recommendation of Chief Fire Officer, Mumbai.
Also water tank of 1,00,000 Ltrs capacity at service level and 25,000 Ltrs capacity over head tank shall be provided for the pumps
to be provided at service level & terrace level.
(The Capacity of the Tanks shall be followed as per the recommendation of CFO)
A Siamese connection will be provided near all Fire Department vehicle set down areas.
81
Rooms containing other types electrical equipment should be sprinkler protected or provided with an alternative fire suppression
system. Such alternative fire suppression systems should be installed in accordance with the appropriate standard, as listed below.
Fire Suppression System
Installation
Standard
Low, medium, and high expansion foam

systems
NFPA 11
Carbon dioxide systems
NFPA 12
Water spray fixed systems
NFPA 15
Deluge foam-water sprinkler systems
NFPA 16
Dry chemical systems
NFPA 17
Wet chemical systems
NFPA 17A
Water mist systems
NFPA 750
Table for Design standards for various fire suppression systems

4.2 External Fire Hydrants
A private ring main, containing external fire hydrants, will be provided in the area immediately surrounding the building for use by
the Fire Service upon their attendance at an incident.
4.3 Internal Fire mains (Standpipe System)
Internal fire mains will be provided within the building to assist in fire-fighting operations for both the above and below ground
floors (ie. from the lowest to the highest storey within the building). The system will be provided as per NBC 2005 and any
additional requirements as defined by the CFO.
82
The system will be provided with outlets within every escape stair enclosure (or protected lobby associated with each escape stair
enclosure). Additional outlets will be provided where the most remote portion of a floor or storey is more than 60m, measured
along a route suitable for laying hose, from a hose connection point.
The fire protection system for the internal part of the building will be supplied by to sets of three fire pumps (2 x electrical and 1 x
Diesel) drawing from a dedicated water storage tank with an effective water capacity to supply the fire systems.
4.4 Hose Reel System
A hose reel system will be installed within the building such that every part of the floor area is within 30 meters of a hose reel. The
hose reels will be provided within either the protected stair enclosure, or the associated protected lobby, within a recessed area
such that its presence does not reduce the effective width of the escape route. The provision of a hose reel system within the
building is predominately for use by the building's occupants (prior to fire brigade arrival) and not for use by fire-fighters who will
use their own hoses/equipment and the wet rising main provided in the fire-fighting lobby.
4.5 Fire Extinguishers
Portable fire extinguishers are to be provided throughout all areas of the buildings in accordance to NBC 2005.
4.6 Fire Alarm & Detection
All parts of the building will be provided with a fully addressable automatic fire detection system and an emergency voice
alarm/communication system or evacuation sounders as appropriate. The design, installation and testing of the system should be
in accordance with NFPA / NBC and will meet the criteria specified for high-rise buildings.
The system will be designed to sound the alarm on the floors that require evacuation.
4.7 Backup Power Supplies
An alternative source of LV/HV power will be provided from either two separate sub-stations or a diesel generator of adequate
capacity for all necessary life safety & fire-fighting systems.
83
5.0 Smoke Ventilation & Control

5.1 On Floor Smoke Ventilation (floors above ground)
Each storey of the building, above ground level, will either be provided with;
Openable external windows with a total minimum free area of 2.5% of the floor area at that level, with the windows distributed as
evenly as reasonable possible to promote cross ventilation of the floors;
OR
A mechanical smoke clearance system designed to achieve an equivalent level of safety (in this instance extract is required from
the fire floor, or apartment of fire origin, only and not all floors/all apartments simultaneously).
5.2 Smoke Ventilation to Lifts
All lift shafts will be provided with permanent vents at the head with a minimum clear area of 0.2m2 and will open into pressurised
lobbies.
Lift lobbies internal to the building (both above and below ground) will be provided with a pressurisation system operated
automatically on fire detection (lobbies only pressurised on floor of fire origin).
6.0 Fire Service Access & Facilities
6.1 Fire Fighting Philosophy
The philosophy to be adopted for fire-fighting within the building will be such that sufficient internal provisions are included within
the design in order that a relatively safe environment within the building can be created, in an area located near the floor of fire
origin, such that fire-fighting activities can all take place internally and that external fire-fighting is not considered necessary.
84
6.2 Perimeter/External Access

For high rise buildings, require that an open space/courtyard be provided around the entire perimeter of the building, a minimum
of 6m on either side, to allow sufficient Fire Service vehicle access to the building (this may however be Confirmed as per the
requirement of CFO, Mumbai).
The necessity for vehicle access round all sides of the building is based upon the presumption that the Fire Service expect to be
able to fight a fire from outside the building as well as internally.
However, the fighting strategy for the tower is that ALL fire-fighting will occur from within the building (ie. from the fire-fighting
shaft using the wet rising mains etc.). This is the preferred strategy as it is consistent for ALL fire locations within the building. The
largest fire appliance that the Mumbai Fire Service have available to them has a maximum working height of 60m and therefore
the vast proportion of the building is always outside the reach of their tallest fire service vehicle. As such, fires above 60m (even if
perimeter access was provided around all sides as per the code) would have to be fought from within the building. As a
consequence, a more simplified approach will be adopted whereby good internal fire-fighting facilities will be provided and fires will
always be controlled from within the building (irrespective of the height of the fire floor above ground level).
Where access to the site for the Fire Service is provided, the minimum width of any gate will be 6m and any
entrance canopy/archway will be a minimum of 4.5m in height. The open space at the entrance to the building will be paved up to
a minimum of 6m from the building and the paving will be capable to supporting the weight of the a Fire Appliances up to 48
metric tonnes with a point load of 10kgs. Per cm2. The paved space will be free of obstructions and motorable.
Emergency Lighting
Emergency lighting will be provided throughout the building in accordance with NBC. The lighting will be powered from a source
independent on that for the buildings normal lighting capable of continuous operation for a minimum duration of 90 minutes.
The lighting will be positioned such that it clearly indicates all escape routes within the building to allow the safe movement of
people in an emergency as well as providing illumination to all appropriate fire safety equipment. Emergency lighting will be sited
to cover the following locations;
85
Near each intersection of corridors

At each exit door
Near each change in direction of escape route
Near each staircase so that each flight of the stairs receives direct light
Near any change in floor level
Outside each final exit
Near each fire alarm call point or emergency communication device
Near any fire-fighting equipment (eg. fire extinguishers/hoes reels etc.)
To illuminate exit signage
Note: Near is taken to be within 2m (measured horizontally)
The horizontal luminance at floor level on the centreline of an escape route will be at least 10 lux. For escape routes up to 2m in
width, 50% of the route will be lit to a minimum of 5 lux.
Fire Stop Systems
The following areas / services to be minimally provided the passive fire protection system.
The cable ducts shall be sealed at every floor with non combustible materials having the same fire resistances the fire eating of the
duct.
The removable cover in the floors and the access panels shall be of the same strength of the fire rating as the floor and walls.
Every vertical openings between the floors of a building shall be suitably enclosed or protected as necessary to provide reasonable
safety to the occupants while using the means of egress by preventing spreads of fire, smoke, or flames through vertical openings
from floor, thus allowing occupants to complete their safe use of the means of egress.
86

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MEP DESIGN CONCEPT REPORT

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

ORCHID CROWN TOWERS

PANKAJ DHARKAR & ASSOCIATES MUMBAI

302, Maruti Arcade, 132 Feet Ring Road,

B-43 / A, Pardhy House,

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

Infrastructure & Utilities

Ambient operating conditions of Materials & Equipments

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

* Electrical Services criteria

Low Voltage Distribution

PUBLIC HEALTH & SANITATION (PLUMBING)

Water Management System Infrastructure Requirements

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

1. Concept Design Report

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

3. Codes and Standards

Code / Guide Installation designed in

Table 1:- General Standards

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

Code / Guide Installation designed in

Table 2 Electrical Standards

Table 3 Mechanical Standards

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

4. Site Wide Design Conditions:Site Location:

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

2. Infrastructure & Utilities

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

1 MEP Services General

2 Life Safety Systems

Fire suppression systems comprise of but not be limited to:

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

Smoke management systems

3 Summary of Services:HVAC system:

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

Public Health and Sanitation:

Total Water Consumption per day : 1260 m3

Load requirement for Common areas: 1437 kW

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

4. Design Data & Parameters

5. External Design Conditions:

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

7. Ambient Operating Conditions of Materials and Equipments:

A . ROOM DESIGN CONDITIONS :

TEMP & RH IN ALL AREAS

: 23C2 / Not more than 60% RH

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

9. VRF System Description [For Common areas]

As described above VRF system will consist of the following components :

Heat pump type Condensing unit

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

Night Quiet Function

Peak in the outdoor temperature

The low noise operating mode

OUTDOOR UNIT PLACEMENT :

MEP DESIGN BASIS REPORT FOR ORCHID CROWN TOWERS AT MUMBAI

CENTRAL MONITORING & CONTROL :

EXCLUSIVE VRV CONTROL SYSTEM