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Title
An Intelligent Agent Model for Smart Home Environments
Introduction
This research paper proposes an intelligent smart home agent environment
architecture. What is Ubiquitous Computing, Intelligent Agent and Smart Home?
(Leem, 2005) Based on the research paper A Business Model (BM) Development
Methodology in Ubiquitous Computing Environments by researchers of Yonsei
University, ubiquitous computing is a technology, in which invisible computers are
embedded and connected with all things so that anyone can communicate, exchange
and share information anywhere anytime. However, there are many concepts
comparison of ubiquitous computing by scholars and research institutes.
(KANG, 2007) Ubiquitous enabling us to utilize information in several ways and
reduce the complexities in our daily lives.
(Kortuem, n.d.) A house that is responsive to its in habitants and their actions by being
aware of their context is a smart home. A smart home must be consisting a computing
system consisting of distributed sensors. An intelligent agent for smart home acts as a
centralized agent, which communicates with all other devices present in home. (Cho,
2004) The agent has to learn users preferences in order to assist them. These
preferences are represented by user profiles.
This paper is organized in four sections. Next section describes the smart home agent
architecture. Section 3 explains the functioning of the agent. Finally, section 4
concludes the paper.
The smart home agent architecture is a hierarchy of rational agents which cooperate to
meet the goals of the overall home.
(Das, 2003) The agent architecture is separated into four cooperating layers which are
Decision layer, Information layer, Communication layer and Physical layer. Decision
layer is the layer to decide and selects actions for agent to execute based on
information supplied from other layers. Information layer is the layer to collect
information, generate inferences for decision making. Communication layer will route
the information and requests between agents. The physical layer contains hardware
such as appliances and network.
There are two (2) process available for this agent architecture which are bottom-up
process and top-down process.
Perception or recognition is a bottom-up process. The sensors will monitor the home
environment. The information will transmit to another agent through communication
There are many probabilistic inference algorithms for Bayesian networks that exploit
conditional independence roughly.
The first algorithm that transforms the Bayesian network into a tree where
each node in the tree corresponds to a subset of variables in X was created on
1988. This tree used to perform probabilistic inference after the algorithm
exploits several mathematical properties.
The Figure 3 shows that the activities and the queries that User 1 will made after he
returns from working. The variables that do not depends on other variables are
watching TV, having dinner and listening music system. The probability collected to
these activities are 70% user 1 will watching TV, 10% will having dinner and 20%
user 1 will listening to music system.
TV
0.7
Dinner
0.1
Table 1: Probability Values
Music System
0.2
TV
Music System
Coffee + Juice
0
0
Coffee Only
0.65
0.5
Juice Only
0.35
0.5
None
0
0
Exemplar-based reasoning.
Reasoning based on particular examples rather than on prototypes or rules
Instance-based reasoning.
Same as Exemplar
Memory-based reasoning.
Reasoning from memories as opposed to using more abstract reasoning rules
Case-based reasoning.
An AI field that reasons from cases in memory
Analogy-based reasoning.
Often used to characterize methods that solve new problems based on past
cases
There is a new case created and used to retrieve a case from the collection of past
cases. Reuse will make the retrieved case combined with the new case to produce
solved case. In the revise process, the case will be tested and repaired if failed. In
retain process, the useful information or experience will be retained for future use.
The case base is updated by modification of some existing cases or by a new case.
As the figure shown, the general knowledge usually plays a part in this cycle to
supporting the CBR processes. The type of CBR methods will affect the support range
which are from very weak to very strong or none.
These techniques help people to solve problems effectively and make people more
convenience.
Conclusion
This paper presents an architecture for smart home agent which will integrate all other
devices and perform the tasks as per user preference in the smart home. Case-Based
reasoning and Bayesian inference is the key concept in this smart home agent building
process. Experiments have to be made in order to check for the usefulness of this
design technique and its ability to adapt changes of user preference over time.
Reference
Bibliography
Das, S. K., 2003. The role of prediction algorithms in the MavHome smart
home architecture. [Online]
Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3435886_The_role_of_prediction_
algorithms_in_the_MavHome_smart_home_architecture
[Accessed 5 Dec 2016].
G.Youngblood, n.d. MavHome: An Agent-Based Smart Home. [Online]
Available at: https://www.academia.edu/6251340/MavHome_An_AgentBased_Smart_Home
[Accessed 5 Dec 2016].
Lesser, V., 1999. The Intelligent Home Testbed. [Online]
Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2626305_The_Intelligent_Home_
Testbed
[Accessed 5 Dec 2016].
Torrance, M. C., 1995. Advancexs in Human-Computer Interaction: The
Intelligent room. [Online]
Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215439454_Advancexs_in_Huma
n-Computer_Interaction_The_Intelligent_room
[Accessed 5 Dec 2016].