Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT
STOCKS
BY
FREDERIC
T.
BIOLETTI,
F. C.
H.
FLOSSFEDER
AND
A. E.
WAY
BULLETIN
331
October, 1921
(Emeritus).
James
Citrus
Myer
E. Jaffa, Nutrition.
Floriculture.
J.
Quayle, Entomology.
Institutions.
H.
S.
R. L.
John
E.
G. H.
Edwin
C.
F. T. Bioi etti
A. J.
W.
V. Cruess
J.
A.
W. Christie
Bonnet
L. O.
Winkler
H. Irish
H. E. Jacob
G. Barovetto
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
BY
FREDERIC
T.
BIOLETTI,
F. C. H.
FLOSSFEDER, and
A. E.
WAY
CONTENTS
A.
I.
II.
General
(b)
California
II.
page
82
83
Stocks used
(b)
(c)
Equipment
B.
I.
GENERAL ACCOUNT
84
90
90
EXPERIMENT DATA
91
93
93
96
98
109
(c)
110
(d)
Quantity of crop
114
(e)
Quality of crop
115
C.
(a)
(b)
121
129
TABLES
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XL
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII to
XXXVI.
Percentage of
Number
rooted grafts
Summaries
combinations.
Durability of grafted vines
combinations.
92
95
rooted grafts 96
97
109
110
Ill
112
113
all
Davis
131
all
Kearney
135
.,
136
139
117
117
119
119
122
129
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
82
EXPERIMENT STATION
CONTENTS (Continued)
figures
1.
2.
3.
Good bench
4.
Tokay
PAGE
grafts
5.
6.
in
7.
8.
9.
10.
99
100
101
102
102
104
104
105
107
108
11
A.
GENERAL ACCOUNT
is
of
profitable cultivation.
I.
of inferior fruit.
The next step was to graft the old French vinifera varieties on to
American vines which had maintained vigorous growth in spite of
the presence of.the insect. The results were varied. In some instances
the vines died after bearing a few crops, showing that the resistance
was insufficient to maintain a vine producing heavy crops. In other
the
BULLETIN 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
and weak.
83
In
still
other
After
fifty
It is
now known
that the
and in
Of the thousands
scions,
mended has
decreased.
California:
(6)
much
Owing to
fornia nearly twenty years after the French and were spared
of the uncertainty of the first stages of experimentation.
tests.
At
first
we made many
We
planted
being obtained.
II.
Since
1898 the station has given considerable attention to these subjects and
has issued a number of publications.
Bulletin 127
Bulletin
Bulletin
Bulletin
Bench-grafting Resistant
"Vines.
1900.
1902.
Bulletin 180
Bulletin 192
Bulletin
Circular
1907.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
84
EXPERIMENT STATION
These publications, which are all out of print, gave the results of
experiment and observation in California and such of the results of
European experience
When
to
make
as
as
much
work of European
California.
(a) Stocks used:
The stocks chosen for use in the experiment
work were partly pure American species (American stocks), partly
hybrids between two or more American species (Americo-american
stocks), and partly hybrids between American species and vinifera
Of the American
and Riparia
were chosen.
Varieties of Rupestris
to deep soils
fleshy,
and hot
climates.
St.
Varieties of Riparia
and
are, in a general
way,
rich alluvial
soils,
Rupestris and Riparia, but are not generally available owing to the
great difficulty of rooting the cuttings.
Berlandieri this difficulty does not exist and the good qualities are
tained.
The
is
re-
in their toler-
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
soil.
85
As such
soils are
rare
Some
420-A. The Rip. x Berl. 420-A seems on the whole to be the better and
was most largely used.
Other Americo-american stocks used were the triple hybrids
Riparia-Rup est ris-Cordifolia 106-8, recommended for heavy, stiff soils,
and the Riparia-Rup est ris-Candicans 1616, recommended for saline
soils.
The Dogridge, a variety introduced by T. V. Munson, was used
on account of its remarkable vigor. It is classed by Munson as a
variety of Vitis Champini, but according to Ravaz the Champini
varieties are hybrids of Rupestris and Candicans.
The Yinif era-ameriea<n hybrids show a great diversity of character.
Some of them bear good crops of fair fruit. These are usually insufficiently resistant.
value
when ungrafted,
little
soils,
less resistant
The
Aramon x
1,
No.
(=Estivalis-Cinerea-Vinifera).
2,
names.
Some
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
86
EXPERIMENT
STATION
American
1.
2.
3.
4.
Americo-american\:
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Franco-american :
15.
16.
13.
14.
(Ganzin).
2 (Ganzin).
9 (Ganzin).
19.
20.
Tokay x
21.
Lenoir
17. Chasselas
18.
Eupestris, Swett.
= Estivalis-Cinerea-Vinif era.
list
conditions.
1.
all
others together.
This stock
It is also
is
used in
used largely in
France and other countries, usually under the name of Rupestris die
It succeeds in all good soils, provided they are deep, well drained,
and sufficiently supplied with water. In shallow soils, underlaid by
impervious hardpan, rock, or clay, it usually fails. It is well thought
of in Algeria, though it suffers in dry seasons.
Lot.
Vivet, E.,
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
87
It is very vigorous, makes good unions with most stocks, and often
grows as large as the scion. Its great vigor tends to make its grafts
bear lightly unless long pruned. It roots and grafts readily. It produces suckers profusely, which are very troublesome unless the cuttings are thoroughly disbudded before grafting and the vines carefully
suckered during the first three or four years in the vineyard.
2.
Rupestris Martin:
dryness and
3.
its
it is
more
It is less sensitive to
difficult to graft.
Rupestris Pisgah:
When
resistant vines
were
used in Cali-
first
fornia seedlings and cuttings from vines growing wild in the Mississippi Valley were often used.
and
much
Among them
in character
occurred some
4.
Among
the
successful re-
first
size
and
vigor.
It roots easily
well.
'
This stock in
In other situations
it
is
best
It is distinguished
from the following two by bearing fruit. The others are staminate
vines and therefore bear no fruit. This stock has done well in Algeria
in various soils,
6.
Is the
soils.
It is easily distinguished
cence of
its
mentary
soils.
canes.
It
in
successful.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
00
EXPERIMENT STATION
Among
and
to
It is easily distinguished
from the
following stock by the reddish or violet colored nodes of the canes and
it
is
9.
staminate.
its
It often fails
root so well in
10. Riparia-Rupestris-Cordifolia
106-8:
in the season.
situations.
to
It is said to be
very resistant to
to alkaline soils.
Rupestris x Candicans:
named
variety
14. 15.
Aramon x
cross
It is
x.
R. No. 9 :
These are of
so
much used
more
sensitive to
BULLETIN 331]
1
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
soil.
89
be as good or better.
16. Mourvedre x Rupestris 1202: This hybrid resembles a vinifera
more than a Kupestris in its appearance, vigor, thick fleshy roots, and
the ease with which it is rooted and grafted. Ungrafted, it bears large
numbers of black grapes of fair size in small bunches. The Phylloxera
attacks it, but does little damage in deep, moist soil. It grows as large
as the scion, and its grafts are fruitful. It has given good results in
x Berlandieri 41-B :
all crosses
first
It will
of
finally pro-
soils.
that
is,
it
roots easily
and
de-
There seems to be some doubt as to its degree of resistance to Phylloxera, but it can be safely planted in good deep soil
and it withstands drought well.
19. Bourrisquou x Rupestris 93-5:
This vinifera hybrid is very
vigorous, and easy to propagate and graft. It is resistant to drought
and chlorosis and is suited to adobe soils. Like 1202, it is attacked by
phylloxera, but is sufficiently vigorous to remain healthy in good soils.
velops quickly.
vigor, of
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
90
possess a
is
may be
case may
defect which
may
may
be fatal in one
stock which
a failure in another.
not be of importance or
Our judgment
of which
To one grower,
ness of ripening
may
To
the fertility of
its earli-
be factors.
tests.
found could be ascribed to the nature of the stock. As the vines deit became necessary to modify the pruning according to the
vigor of the vines, which differed with different stocks.
The various plots at Davis devoted to this work cover in all a little
more than 10 acres; those at Kearney, about 3 acres. They make it
possible to test the cost of producing bench grafts and the value of
the various stocks from the nurseryman's point of view, viz., their
relative merits as regards rooting, grafting, and development in the
nursery. The value to the grape grower can also be tested, viz., the
veloped
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
91
quantity and quality of their crops, and the permanence and perfection
of their unions,
and therefore
their longevity,
various
soils.
The
first
and
their adaptation to
may
of
be considered
European
in-
vestigators.
as established
B.
I.
Suitability for
(a)
EXPERIMENT DATA
Nursery Purposes.
Cost of cuttings
Many
grown on mother
many canes with exwhich are unsuitable. Good cuttings for grafting
should be from one-third to half an inch in diameter, moderately short
The best are grown in fairly rich
jointed, and thoroughly mature.
soil in the warmer regions, in situations safe from early autumn frosts.
The following table gives the crop of cuttings suitable for grafting
produced by the original mother vines at Davis.
little use.
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
92
TABLE
of No. 1 cuttings
per vine
1915
St.
George
56
52
38
33
A. x E. No. 1
A. x R. No. 9
A. x R. No. 2
3306 (4)
3309 (4)
Tok. x Rup. (3)
R. Pisgah (3)
Champini
(1)
(3)
1616 (3)
Sol. x Othello (1) (2)
1202 (3)
420-A (3)
R. Martin
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(3)
Vines
Vines
Vines
Vines
growing
1916
1917 Mean
48
74
44
51
26
34
16
17
36
33
10
14
45
34
193
14
150
48
53
59
49
33
33
11
13
1915
.0574
.0621
.0625
.0612
.0437
.0385
....
....
.0664
.0609
.0587
.0633
.0431
.0358
Mean
.0628
.0617
.0612
.0600
.0407
.0383
1722
1125
0638
0572
0533
0512
0495
.0476
The location where these vines were grown was not suitable for the
It was very uneven in soil and contour and in parts
shaded by large trees. This accounts in great measure for the extreme
variations in yield of different varieties. It may account also to some
extent for some of the variations in growth of grafts in the nursery.
The cuttings of vines grown in rich bottom soil near the creek with
abundant moisture are apt to be overgrown and poorly ripened. Vines
growing where the neighboring trees limited the water supply are apt
best results.
Bulletin 331]
phylloxera-resistant stocks
93
is
This depends as
much on
(b)
The
facility
and
These qualities vary with the variety and with the conditions of
climate,
soil,
to
grow
fit
slender,
Some
which makes
it
Some,
grow angled
callusing bed
Some,
more
difficult to
like St.
tend to
handle in the
it is
two
full joints
a perfect
fit.
The wood is firmer and the pith smaller where the vines are grown
in the warmer regions and without too much water. The straightness
of the canes can be improved and the number of laterals diminished
by growing the mother vines on trellises which allow the canes to grow
or to be tied up more or, less vertically. The size of the canes can be
increased by adopting a, system of pruning which restricts the number
of canes produced by a vine and by doing as little summer pruning
as possible,,
919W ^ilus^i edi 3T69^ Im^ves -sot bogjj u'>-,<j b&d \issiua
Percentage and perfection of unions
The cost of bench grafts
(^.epe.n^ ^ripcipaUy on the per.ceint^e.of ^UQcessful unions, their value
,
(c)
<gjrffep
^ er|efiti'On,.0fi}t^
)
unions.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
94
EXPERIMENT STATION
and
Some
scion.
This makes
it
stocks.
make
almost impossible to
Such
Other stocks have this defect in a smaller degree, for example, Lenoir
and the Berlandieri hybrids 420- A and 41-B. Where other conditions
are favorable, however, these stocks can be used successfully for bench
grafts, though their cost will be somewhat higher than that of more
easily handled stocks.
The success of a bench graft depends not only on the variety of
stock but on that of the scion and on the degree of ease with which the
combination forms a union. In our tests, 420-A has yielded as high
as 60 per cent of number 1 grafts with one scion and failed completely
with another. Even 3309, which usually yields a high percentage, has
varied under the same conditions from 88 per cent to 23 per cent with
different scion varieties.
is
If the
work
of the
and
nursery had been used for several years the results were
after the
less perfect.
most useful in
indi-
cating the value of the various stocks from the point of view of nursery
results.
If,
therefore,
we take
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
make an allowance
95
and 1917,
it
may
to
know which
stocks have given the best results with each scion variety.
This information
is
TABLE
Percentage of No.
II
Booted Grafts
1917
1916*
1910
All
years
Stocks
Mean
88
78
80
70
78
65
23
15
42
22
23
45
56.6
49.0
62.3
46.5
53.6
55.0
25.6
40.6
32.0
3309
A. x E. No. 1
St. George
3306
1202
A. x E. No. 9
420-A
Lenoir
41-B
15
5
19
18
16
2
18
14
17
60
82
65
25
25
5
8
18
23
2
57
19
4
6
Champini
Eip. Gloire
12
4
Mean
26.7
29.3
29.5
30.5
11.8
33.1
Mean
Mean
80
80
72
80
90
45
49.1
53.9
33.1
48.6
39.6
23.3
44.1
44.1
41.6
41.4
37.3
37.1
40.4
52.9
39.9
33.0
46.8
36.0
53.3
35.7
31.3
22.0
17.2
46.3
40.1
31.7
27.2
14.0
11
11
8
10
3
11
45
57
20
21
39.2
44.4
32.0
32.3
10.8
5
21
10
20
18
9
5
80
90
70
22
20
10
90
20
....
....
27
17
10
36
27
30
10
Tok. x Eup
106-8
Eup. Pisgah ....
A. x E. No. 2
1616
Eup. Martin
55
54
78
44
24
61
10
..
....
101-14
157-11
Berl. Ees. No. 2
18
5
3
80
95
69
40
23
30
10
58.3
54.5
48.0
58.3
54.5
48.0
3.3
3.3
* The low results in 1916 were due partly to the late autumn frosts of 1915, which prevented the proper maturing of the wood, and partly to the fact that the nursery had been in
constant use for too many years.
number
The first six stocks in the table were tested each year with a considnumber of scions. The variations for each of these stocks with
erable
mean percentages
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
96
EXPERIMENT STATION
(last
they are
good
all
necessary.
The data
for the remaining stocks are less complete, but they indi-
cate that with the exception of the pure Berlandieri, Ress. No.
2,
the
TABLE
5ST
III
Percentages of No.
St.
Semillon
3309
Bouschet
Lagrain
Gros Mansenc
St.
Petite Sirah
1202
Ali.
St.
St.
72
75
75
70
95
78
77
88
George
George
Eip. gloire
Macaire
Valdepefias
George
Rip. gloire
_
3309
Cornichon
St.
Emperor
Malaga
Tokay
St.
Black Corinth
St.
White Corinth
Muscat
3306
3309
A. x E. No.
3309
Sultana
Sultanina
St.
George
George
George
45
65
45
55
Eip. gloire
George
Means
65
53
70
78
85
Eooted Grafts
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Palomino
of
Eip. gloire
61
1202
3306
41-B
George
50
70
Eip. gloire
A. x E. No.
50
50
63
62
50
68
70
75
40
65
30
42
48
41
9 65
73
80
St.
George
George
70
65
1202
65
Lenoir
60
75
Lenoir
1202
65
56
Lenoir
3306
70
1202
75
82
Lenoir
A. x E. No. 9 45
65
3309
40
3306
50
St. George
St.
101-14
1202
E. Martin
79.4
72.1
Eip. gloire
Eip. gloire
1202
3306
St.
George
3309
3306
Eip. gloire
E. Martin
Eip. gloire
St.
63.6
These tables indicate that the safest stocks for the nurseryman
without special knowledge of the various combinations are Rupestris
St.
George, Riparia gloire, 1202, and 3309, with 3306 and Lenoir
following closely.
may
For
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
97
and
St.
among
the most
vigorous.
considered later.
TABLE IV
Vigor of Various Combinations
(From Davis Nursery, 1917)
Relative vigor
i
of Scion
varieties
Stock
41-B
3306
420-A
1202
Lenoir
3309
A. x E. No.
E. gloire
12
5
15
18
4
St.
II. Suitability
However
'
85
77
76
80
90.8
88.5
88.5
86.5
83.3
81.3
75.0
68.3
65.3
62.5
71
76
76
65
70
72
may
In
Vineyard
They must be
and
In
Nursery
16
15
15
15
...
George
E. Martin
'
sufficiently resistant to
studied were the quantity and quality of the crop and the perfection
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
98
EXPERIMENT
STATION
On
20 or more years.
may
be larger, the
creased bearing, higher quality of the fruit, earlier ripening, and other
advantages of
many
imperfection of
make
affinity.
The
affinity,
Defective work
unite
all
by
may
may
result
insects
may
is
defective.
liable to
break
Imperfect
off
affinity
may overcome
to
imperfect grafting.
It was attempted in these investigations to equalize the grafting
and environmental conditions, which are variable, in order to study
the differences in affinity, which are constant because inherent.
Without inquiring into the exact nature and causes of affinity, we
may define it as the power which stock and scion have of joining together and nourishing each other by exchange of food material. Its
degree may be measured directly by the permanence of the union and
by the vigor of the graft as compared to that of the stock or scion
varieties ungrafted and, inversely, by the size of the swelling which
always occurs at the union, and by the difference of diameter of stem
above and below the union.
;
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
99
less
measures of
Figure
affinity.
Fig.
when
1.
five
Defective
years
St.
George; died
old.
stock
five years,
100
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
EXPERIMENT STATION
Fig. 2.
Defective bench grafts: A, Sultanina rose on A. x R. No.
Madeleine Angevine on 3306; C, Due de Magenta on 1202.
1;
B.
BULLETIN 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
101
Fig. 3.
Good bench grafts: A, Madeleine Angevine on 1202; B, Madeleine
Angevine on A x E No. 1; C, Sultanina rose on Lenoir.
102
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Fig. 4.
Unions with various stocks.
bench grafts.
Fig.
5.
Sections
EXPERIMENT STATION
4.
Bulletin 331]
103
phylloxera-resistant stocks
made
C2
sufficient
is
degree of
affinity.
be,
same variety. All these vines were vigorous and healthy when
Judging by the size of the swelling and the ratio of the
diameters of stock and scion, 420-A and 41-B show the most affinity
with Dattier. The union enlargement of 41-B is almost the same as
the normal enlargement of the ungrafted vine.
That of 420-A is a
little larger but the ratio of diameters of stock and scion shows little
difference from the diameters of corresponding regions of the unThe other two stocks, especially 333 E. M., appear
grafted vine.
of the
dug up.
420-A
41-B
106-8
333 E. M.
Above swelling
100
100
100
100
100
Swelling
116
129
115
120
169
95
93
85
67
54
Dattier (Figs.
4,
5)
Below swelling
The ungrafted vine was seven years old one year older than the grafted.
The measurements are in per cent of scion diameter. The transverse white
and dotted lines show limits of stock and scion.
*
Figure 5 shows sections through the same vines and indicates the
perfection of the unions. The dark areas in the middle of each section
cuttings.
This
is
especially clear in
Ungrafted*
41-B
333 E. M.
420-A
106-8
Above swelling
100
100
100
100
100
Swelling
Below swelling
132
111
133
106
135
76
79
67
59
40
(Figs. 6, 7)
The ungrafted vine was seven years old one year older than the grafted.
The measurements are in per cent of scion diameter.
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
104
Fig.
6.
Unions
fjfl|
wW
'
'
| |
NVi
M-'
1
v Br
1m V
;>A
K^^
I^R
fl
-1
,-vy*7aM
Muscat of Alexandria,
WM
ml
*f J
1
B
wj
m
^
.!
%!.^^- -J
:
IP M
-I
m.-^^.---j
UjIL
''*'
y
jP
J^^m\
Fig.
7.
Sections
of unions
shown
^A/-in Fig. 6.
*
:
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
105
old.
(Dug, meas-
less
is
very
difficult
These enlargements
shown
in Fig.
6.
It is
106
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
of suckers which
in old vines is of less importance than the difference between the size
of stock
and scion
in
cm.
Ratios, Scion
100
Union:
Stock (Fig. 8)
Lenoir
A. x R. No. 1
420-A
A. x E. No. 9
41-B
...
...
R. Martin
3309
101-14
1202
157-11
St.
Stock
Union
Scion
Scion
Stock:
Scion
13.7
12.5
12.0
11.9
11.7
11.6
11.2
10.8
9.5
28.0
26.9
32.2
24.9
29.0
30.2
28.7
28.4
22.7
26.7
21.2
25.1
27.0
15.9
15.7
15.8
17.2
15.1
17.9
16.9
16.8
12.4
17.3
11.4
14.6
15.5
176
171
204
145
192
168
170
169
181
154
186
172
86
80
76
69
78
65
66
64
77
52
75
54
172.3
70.1
9.0
8.6
George
3306
7.9
Means
10.8
Judging by the size of the stock and the stock scion ratio, Lenoir
and A. x R. No. 1 seem the best stocks for Muscat, These are the
stocks which are most used for Muscat in South Africa. Lenoir should
be excluded, however, on account of
its
loxera.
smallest scion growth, and, with the exception of 3306, the smallest
stock growth.
is
8,
The
Muscat
therefore doubtful.
9,
of the vines
shown
of each combination
in Figs.
and
as
number
judgment.
Such averages
Stock (Fig. 9)
1202
A. x R. No. 1
420-A
3306
Lenoir
R. Martin
101-14
R. gloire
St.
George
Means
Union:
Stock
Union
Scion
Scion
15.0
15.0
14.6
14.2
14.0
13.3
12.5
24.7
35.0
25.9
28.4
31.5
22.0
27.3
20.5
15.2
25.6
22.3
28.0
19.0
24.0
20.8
16.0
18.3
15.0
13.5
19.6
111
125
136
117
151
138
149
137
113
9.7
9.5
13.08
130.7
100
Stock:
Scion
67
54
77
64
67
83
68
65
70
68.3
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
107
(Dug,
108
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
The
EXPERIMENT STATION
of actual
measurement of
(Dug,
Ratios, Scion
Circumference
Stock (Fig. 10)
A. x E. No. 1
41-B
A. x K. No. 9
1202
St. George
E. Martin
3309
Tok. x
3306
101-14
Eup
E. gloire
Means
Stock
21.7
18.2
17.0
17.0
16.9
16.8
15.7
15.3
14.5
13.6
12.1
16.2
in
cm.
Union:
100
Stock:
Scion
Union
Scion
Scion
34.1
26.4
26.5
23.6
25.0
25.9
25.6
26.4
24.6
25.9
21.5
25.8
22.9
21.7
21.4
17.8
18.7
21.7
20.0
20.9
22.0
19.5
16.1
20.2
149
122
124
133
134
119
128
126
112
133
134
95
83
79
96
90
77
79
73
66
69
75
128.5
80.1
BULLETIN 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
109
given
is
is
the top of the table usually show a small difference between stock
and scion diameters, and those near the bottom usually show a large
They are useful in choosing a stock for general use or
for scion varieties whose preferences are not known. Ratios for each
difference.
variety for each stock will be given later so far as observations have
been made.
TABLE V
Average Stock: Scion Eatio of Each Stock and Scion
Each Stock with
All Scions
Number
Stock
of
Ratio
All Stocks
Number
Scion
Scions
1202
*Lenoir
*E. Martin
15
George
41-B
420-A
*101-14
*A. x E. No. 9
17
14
St.
Eip.
96.3
95.1
94.0
92.2
90.8
89.9
86.7
83.2
82.0
80.7
77.8
76.4
62.1
14
4
2
16
Gloire
3309
3306
*A. x E. No. 1
*157-11
14
16
5
1
St.
Macaire
*Corinth, Black
Sultana
Gros Mansenc
Lagrain
Ratio
Tokay
7
2
8
7
8
8
6
8
7
7
6
White
Emperor
Palomino
Muscat
Valdepefias
*Semillon
Sultanina
*Bouschet, Ali
Eatio calculated.
7
8
7
8
* Corinth,
97.4
94.4
94.3
93.9
92.9
91.5
90.4
89.3
88.3
88.1
86.2
85.3
85.1
83.5
82.4
80.2
74.1
73.8
7
3
8
Sirah
Oornichon
Malaga
Beba
*
of
Stocks
carefully examined
Very poor
Poor
Medium
Good
Very good
Exceptionally good
summary
=1
=2
=3
=4
=
=
5
6
exceptionally good,
is
This table
is
100=
based on
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
110
observations of only one year and with a few stocks of only one or
For the
cases
it
is
of considerable
value.
TABLE VI
Eelative Vigor or Grafts on Various Stocks
Number
Stock
13
14
15
15
13
6
9
15
E. gloire
333 E.
E. Martin
14
93-5
A. x E. No. 9
101-14
157-11
(c)
of scion varieties
41-B
1202
3306
420-A
3309
A. x E. No. 1
Lenoir
St. George
1
2
4
1
all
Relative vigor
85
80
77
76
76
76
71
70
65
83
72
72
71
68
68
in
any vineyard.
How
Bulletin 331]
phylloxera-resistant stocks
111
year on the average depends on the natural vigor of the vines, on the
more or
less
of the grower.
ing to the quality of the vines planted and to the care used in planting
is
of the vines
A
year
may
of the first
In a demonstration
the
Sultanina.
was obtained
same vineyard.
shown in Table VII.
in the
is
TABLE
The variations
VII
Stock
E. Pisgah
Lenoir
Tok. x Eup
3306
3309
1202
A. x E. No. 9
St. George
420-A
A. x E. No. 2
99
100.0
98.2
95.3
93.9
93.8
91.1
89.7
86.2
84.0
80.0
77.8
71.0
66.7
2,685
5,799
2,429
5,399
90.8
93.1
670
56
78
58
200
85
18
Champini
114
is
33
58
81
629
1,062
51
70
50
168
68
14
81
66
1,132
41-B
A. x E. No. 1
The stand
33
57
85
is
only
five stocks is
The
fair.
Experiment Vineyard
high stand of
in Table VIII.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
112
EXPERIMENT STATION
TABLE
VIII
Sultanina
Sultanina
Sultanina
Sultanina
St.
George
1917
24
28
24
3309
3306
420-A
St. George
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Muscat
Vines growing
Vines planted
1916
Stock
Scion
3309
93-5
Tok. x Eup.
101-14
A. x E. No. 1
333 E. M.
A. x E. No. 2
106-8
A. x E. No. 9
21
23
14
118
166
24
10
115
159
22
17
13
22
77.6
12
8
6
66J
22
11
33
23
73
75
50.0
420-A
Black Corinth
Black Corinth
Black Corinth
Black Corinth
Ohanez
Ohanez
Totals ar Ld
3306
George
A. x E. No.
St.
3309
St.
George
3309
Means
87.5
82.2
58.3
33.3
97.5
95.8
91.7
90.0
9
3
....
Stand,
per cent
24
77
91
12
24
24
24
21
9578
94.8
82.4
66.7
100.0
87.5
621
88.3
703
first.
five
It is calculated
first
two
tables
and on
IX
Number
1 at
Of
all
with 10 or more scion varieties, only Rip. x Rup. 3309 and 420-A and
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
113
41-B keep within the limit of 2 per cent. These figures, however, are
based on all combinations. With some combinations the loss was less
than 2 per cent, with others more. By a careful adaptation of stock
to scion a combination can usually be found where the loss will not
be excessive.
With some
is
more
easily accomplished
than
with others, as can be seen by reference to the second part of Table IX,
With
the
first 9 varieties
the
TABLE IX
Durability of Grafted Vines
Davis Experiment Vineyard (Summaries)
Number
1911
Stocks compared:
183
137
181
210
230
288
94
206
124
George
A. x E. No. 1
1202
Lenoir
157-11
101-14
R. Martin
93-5
A. x R. No. 9
333 E.
Sultanina
Petite Sirah
Emperor
Malaga
Gros Mansenc
Semillon
Dattier
Cornichon
Muscat
Valdepefias
Alicante Bouschet..
Beba
Tokay
Pierce
Black Corinth
14
15
16
17
16
21
rate,*
loss per cent
per year
16
10
4
4
1
3
1
81.4
95.6
83.4
85.2
77.0
75.7
91.5
91.8
87.1
100.0
90.6
85.3
91.7
100.0
91.7
72.1
83.9
71.3
70.5
62.2
60.4
72.3
69.1
63.7
100.0
90.6
82.4
80.6
67.4
50.0
1.9
2.0
2.4
....
87
94
77
96
118
96
66
74
106
88
108
55
153
168
110
70
96
11
47
24
24
5
9
8
94.2
74.5
88.3
94.8
60.2
96.9
89.4
95.9
54.7
82.9
92.6
94.5
93.5
76.8
89.0
97.1
95.8
100.0
91.5
87.5
54.2
80.0
94.2
71.3
84.4
90.6
56.8
90.6
81.8
86.5
48.1
69.3
76.8
78.0
74.5
58.9
54.5
58.8
55.2
100.0
87.2
79.2
45.8
40.0
0.0
8
7
8
9
8
8
7
5
10
12
8
7
6
8
1
3
2
1
1
'
Death rate -=z the mean percentage of vines dying each year after the
Stand
the percentage of vines living at the end of the first year.
Death
(standt)
2.9
3.2
3.4
3.5
4.1
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.6
2.0
5.4
7.6
Stocks
Lagrain
Palomino
Sultana
St. Macaire
of
varieties
53
34
36
43
12
Scions compared:
White Corinth
Flame Muscat
Alicante Ganzin
Number
Scions
3309
420-A
41-B
3306
Riparia Gloire
St.
of
vines planted,
first.
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.7
2.0
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.4
3.9
6.4
6.6
7.1
0.0
0.8
1.6
2.6
8.3
114
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
all
EXPERIMENT STATION
it
it
is
was grafted
shown
at
large crop
is
evidence favorable to
BULLETIN 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
13 5
clearly that the variations due to uncontrolled factors have been measurably equalized by the use of groups of 24 vines. This difference
of 28 per cent, however, is still large and would mask smaller differ-
Differences of 50 to 100
per cent which we have found in groups of vines grafted on different
stocks might, however, be distinguishable.
factors can be
to uncontrolled
mean crops
still
further
term of
years. The mean crop per vine per year for each of the three groups
of Muscat vines for four consecutive years varied from 28 pounds to
of the groups for a
The extreme
was
as 100
591
111.
It
variations of 10 to 15 in the
hundred have no
and scion.
The data on which conclusions have been based are given in Tables
XII (page 136) and XIII (page 139).
The effect of the stock on the quality or
(e) Quality of crop
stock
but there seems to be no evidence of value that the nature of the stock
has any influence whatever on the specific or varietal characters of
is grafted on a red-fruited stock the fruit
no more tendency to be red than if it were
grafted on a white-fruited stock or were growing on its own roots.
There is just as much probability that a scion variety will bear well
if grafted on a light-bearing stock as if grafted on a heavy-bearing
one. A vine grafted on a staminate or male stock, which can bear no
the scion.
If a white grape
fruit,
may
be just as fruitful as
if
bearing stock.
This does not
mean
is
it
cultivation, climate,
it
supports.
There
But
is
con-
so have
conditions.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
116
EXPERIMENT STATION
An
The quality
of a grape
is
For example,
color, it will
if
a vine
flavor, size,
By
and
deter-
With
size, color,
of
With
raisin,
grape
is
the
juice,
it is
in
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
117
TABLE XIV
Average Balling Degree with Each Stock
(Davis, 1919)
Balling degrees
Number
Stocks
St.
George
Eiparia Gloire
3306
420-A
1202
A. x K. No.
3309
Lenoir
41-B
of
Maximum
Minimum
Average
18
15
16
35.0
36.4
30.4
28.7
28.8
28.6
27.2
28.4
30.6
17.5
17.8
18.6
19.5
18.1
18.6
19.0
20.5
18.6
26.1
25.7
25.6
24.5
24.4
24.1
23.8
23.6
23.3
28.6
28.4
24.8
23.9
28.0
21.0
20.3
19.7
20.0
24.8
22.5
17.5
21.0
20.3
26.2
25.4
24.8
23.2
22.9
21.0
20.3
14
14
7
13
9
13
101-14
A. x E. No. 9
157-11
93-5
4
3
1
2
E. Martin
333 E.
:.....
Tokay x Eupestris
A
f
scions
1
1
TABLE XV
Average Balling Degree with Each Scion
(1915, 1916, 1917, Davis)
Balling degrees
amber
Scions
of
stocks
Maximum
Minimum
Average
Palomino
Semillon
Alicante Bouschet
26.5
27.0
23.9
26.6
27.2
24.8
25.5
28.8
18.7
22.7
20.3
23.0
23.0
28.2
23.2
26.4
24.1
25.5
21.6
24.0
25.7
21.9
23.3
25.6
17.5
20.0
17.7
20.3
20.5
23.2
20.6
24.2
25.4
25.4
22.6
25.2
26.4
23.0
24.5
26.8
18.2
21.8
18.5
22.1
21.6
25.5
22.3
25.0
31.1
29.8
21.7
26.0
27.7
21.5
25.0
29.0
28.8
21.6
22.0
Lagrain
Gros Mansenc
Petite Sirah
St.
Macaire
Valdepefias
Cornichon
12
Dattier de Beirut
Emperor
Malaga
Tokay
Muscat
7
8
8
8
7
8
...
6
9
8
8
12
Sultana
Sultanina
8
9
Muscat, Flame
Coriath, Black
1
3
2
2
1
Corinth, White
Pierce
Alicante Ganzin
...
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
118
In Table XIV the stocks are arranged in the order of the average
sugar content of the crops of the various scion varieties grafted on
them. In a general way, the ranking according to sugar content is
the reverse of the ranking according to
XVIII
to
XXXV.)
amount
of crop.
(See Tables
The crops
and 1202, however, were often both small and
of
scions on Lenoir
of
ripening.
we
some other
difference.
those on another,
early ripening.
ness
it
If the grapes
may simply
if
given time.
panies
when we know
it.
XVI.
The
last
varieties.
This inaccuracy
is
with which a small number of scion varieties was used. For this reason
the stocks representing loss than five scion varieties have been segregated at the bottom of the table.
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
119
An
and Gros Mansenc. A. x R. No. 1 was grafted with only five of these
and Lenoir with only six. In these cases, the ratings have been
computed by comparing their records with all scions used, with the
record of St. George with the same scions, and correcting for the ten
scions
TABLE XVI
Eelative Bearing and Sugar Content
(All stocks
and
Number
Stock
of
combination
A. x E. No.
420-A
Average
pounds per
Balling
degree
vine
15
15
20
20.1
18.9
12.2
21.4
23.2
23.6
23.1
24.3
23.1
24.7
23.4
24.8
32.1
22.5
25.3
20.0
21.2
20.7
14.9
16.3
20.0
26.1
22.7
23.2
21.8
22.3
20.0
17.5
30.1
27.2
26.4
25.6
23.0
21.7
15
13
15
16
3309
41-B
3306
Lenoir
Eiparia Gloire
1202
St. George
Tok. x Eup
157-11
101-14
93-5
A. x E. No. 9
2
3
E. Martin
333 E.
106-8
1917)
average crop,
Crop x
Balling
644
642
623
591
559
501
496
442
303
642
587
574
464
462
462
298
285
TABLE XVII
Eelative Bearing and Sugar Content
420-A
41-B
3309
A. x E. No. 1
3306
Lenoir
Eiparia Gloire
1202
St.
George
Average crop,
pounds per vine
Average Balling
29.6
25.8
24.4
21.9
22.4
20.5
19.1
18.8
11.5
23.6
23.6
24.4
26.0
24.9
23.5
25.1
24.3
25.3
Crop x Balling
per cent
699
609
595
569
568
482
479
475
291
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
120
California.
St.
C.
The
all ideals is
was
unattainable.
It
has
made
it
possible
to indicate certain stocks that are excellent, certain others that are
and certain others that are probably bad for most of our prinunder the conditions in which they were tested
in Yolo and Fresno counties. As these conditions represent the greater
fair,
who
grape growers
in the nursery.
This
is
may
be con-
Anything below 40 per cent would considerthe vines and below 30 per cent should not
all.
stock a few inches below the union to that of the scion a few inches
above
it.
ratio of 100
it is
mean
larger.
is
Ratios of 80 to 100
may
equal.
;
above
be considered excellent
BULLETIN 331]
From
80 to 100
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
mean
perfectly satisfactory
121
from 70
to 80, fair
and
first.
death rate of 2 or
less is
normal and
satis-
this
when
this relation
is
much
weight.
stock which increases the sugar as well as the crop has a double
is
doubly
poor.
Crop: The figures in this column give the average crop per year
per vine in pounds of grapes. For Davis they represent three years
for Kearney, six. Wherever comparable figures were obtainable, the
corresponding average crops of the ungrafted vines are given after
6.
the
name
The
varieties
shown
The raisin varieties include all that are used largely for drying,
and the table varieties the principal grapes which are used for shipping.
The wine grapes were chosen when wine making was a legal
and important industry in California and include those varieties which
were considered the most suitable for growing in the interior vallej^s
quality and quantity were considered. Fortunately, they
are very well adapted to the newer uses of wine grapes, such as drying
and syrup making.
when both
a.
summary
Table
XVIII
to
XXXV give
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
122
At
to
EXPERIMENT STATION
recommend,
favorable situations.
St.
TABLE XVIII
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
Muscat, 22.4,* Hi
41-B
Davis
420-A
Davis
A.xR. No. 1
Davis
101-14
Davis
157-11
Davis
3309
Davis
3306
Davis
Lenoir
Davis
1202
Davis
A. x R. No. 9
Davis
R. Martin
St.
Davis
Davis
George
93-5
St.
George
A.xR. No.
Tok. x Rup.
A.xR. No. 1
333 E. M.
420-A
3309
106-8
101-14
32
33
54
69
10
105
83
83
69
58
79
70
90
87
86
70
64
48
56
65
...
73
73
79
70
70
72
65
70
62
50
70
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
0.0
24.3
22.0
21.0
27.7
26.0
25.9
26.4
24.5
25.9
25.3
27.3
23.0
29.6
27.2
24.3
23.7
22.5
22.1
20.3
19.4
18.4
15.1
14.4
0.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.0
0.0
6.4
10.2
1.9
63
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
5.7
20.7
18.6
18.2
17.9
16.0
15.9
15.3
13.2
10.8
13.3
6.9
0.0
20.0
0.0
0.9
1.8
4.4
0.0
20.0
* The figures after the name of the scion variety give the average crop
vines at Davis during the same perio (1.
of the ungrafted
TABLE XIX
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
Corinth, Blade, 4.8, on
Davis
B. Gloire
61
Davis
Davis
48
65
41-B
St. George
420-A
41-B
3306
R. Gloire
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
29.4
24.5
29.9
12.2
94
100
Strong
0.0
1.5
97
Weak
0.0
....
0.0
0.0
3.3
8.3
4.5
....
....
....
14.9
11.8
10.6
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
The records
123
On
St.
girdling.
Nursery
TABLE XX
% St. Sc. Vigor
:
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
28.0
29.0
30.0
13.1
3306
St. George
E. Gloire
3306
St. George
420-A
Davis
Davis
Davis
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
81
97
80
63
1.4
1.9
....
....
....
....
....
....
0.0
....
...
....
0.0
....
....
....
20.0
53
50
41
6.5
17.8
US
This variety did best on 3306 and, like the Black, was a complete
failure on 420-A.
TABLE XXI
Vigor
Nursery % St. Sc.
:
101-14
420-A
1202
E. Gloire
Lenoir
3306
K. Martin
St. George
Lenoir
1202
3306
3309
1616
101-14
A. x E. No. 1
Tok. x Eup.
St. George
E. Martin
A. x E. No. 9
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
53
46
22
46
23
62
73
80
75
75
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
0.0
0.0
25.1
26.0
24.9
25.1
24.9
26.0
26.4
26.1
27.1
23.4
21.0
16.7
16.5
14.6
14.5
13.9
13.2
11.0
56.7
45.9
....
....
47
80
68
64
87
76
67
75
82
83
58
67
87
58
65
....
....
....
0.0
....
....
....
0.0
....
....
....
1.7
85
....
....
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
....
....
....
0.0
....
....
....
0.0
0.0
0.0
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
0.0
0.0
....
....
....
....
45.7
41.3
39.9
37.4
35.9
31.6
30.6
30.4
28.3
124
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
EXPERIMENT STATION
stocks.
At
on only two stocks were as large as those of the ungrafted vines. The
Davis vines were somewhat stinted in the matter of water and these
comparatively small crops probably indicate a greater sensitiveness
to drought on the part of grafted vines.
Judging by the above records, good results may be expected with
any of the stocks listed. Taking all points into consideration, perhaps
the best are 3309, 1202, 101-14, and A. x R. No. 1. The last showed
some defect of vigor. St. George was among the poorest, but at
Kearney gave the same crop as the ungrafted vines.
TABLE XXII
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
1.4
0.0
21.7
22.2
23.5
24.2
25.1
24.4
24.8
25.5
42.8
34.7
32.4
27.1
25.3
23.8
23.0
17.4
71.9
53.1
51.1
48.9
44.8
41.6
37.8
Sultana, 36.0, on
A.xE.No.l
4
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
IB
420-A
101-14
E. Gloire
1202
3306
St.
George
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
R. Gloire
41-B
1202
420-A
St.
George
3306
101-14
78
19
38
55
56
75
55
68
82
108
100
91
83
100
83
97
73
73
72
70
58
70
83
70
...
....
...
....
0.0
0.0
1.4
1.4
0.0
1.9
10.0
0.0
8.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
all resistant
stocks
and
the durability of the grafted vines has been excellent, with two excep-
tions.
points.
at
stock
is
unsafe.
TABLE XXIII
igor
% St. Sc.
Nu rsery
attier de Beirul
93-5
41-B
A.xR.No. 1
A.xR.No.9
333 E. M.
420-A
A.xE.No.l
93-5
106-8
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
24.6
21.9
19.3
21.0
21.1
20.9
18.0
17.5
19.0
19.2
18.5
18.2
16.8
14.9
14.7
30.6
27.6
10.7
on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Kearney
Kearney
Kearney
....
29
49
73
90
82
75
85
65
6.2
2.7
1.4
7.6
2.8
0.0
0.0
2.0
Bulletin 331]
From
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
125
Emperor,
3306
30.9,
A.xE.No.l
3309
E. Gloire
Lenoir
1202
E. Martin
420-A
St. George
TABLE XXIV
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
35
45
62
65
35
50
55
15
65
86
76
80
76
95
105
87
92
89
80
83
82
77
83
82
85
75
83
Death rate
Sugar
0.0
2.8
0.0
18.8
18.4
17.9
19.2
17.7
18.3
19.7
17.6
17.2
3.3
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.3
Crop
37.7
36.7
34.7
30.1
26.0
25.4
21.4
21.1
21.0
The Emperor, like the Cornichon, has done so well on many stocks
The Rip. x Rnp., 3309, and 3306
it is hard to choose the best.
have perhaps the best records. A. x R. No. 1 and Rip. gloire are also
that
Cornichon, 30.5, on
3309
Tok. x Eup.
3306
41-B
A. x E. No. 1
E. Martin
1202
A. x E. No. 9
St. George
101-14
E. Gloire
106-8
The
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
TABLE XXV
Nursery % St. Sc.
Vigor
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
67
2.8
....
....
78
86
72
87
97
88
91
84
70
80
80
94
50
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.6
11.1
0.0
0.0
2.8
18.7
18.5
19.7
18.7
19.0
19.3
19.1
18.6
19.1
19.1
19.4
18.2
43.1
42.1
36.2
35.5
35.4
34.0
32.2
31.7
30.5
29.2
29.0
16.3
35
35
25
15
40
45
45
45
30
35
89
75
79
67
77
65
Any
of the following
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
126
EXPERIMENT
STATION
ungrafted vines was as high as the average of the grafted. For this
reason, it seems safe to recommend 3309 for Tokay and also 41-B if its
low nursery percentage can be improved.
Nursery
ToTcay, 23.6, on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Lenoir
420-A
3309
41-B
3306
E. Gloire
St.
George
1202
Malaga,
41-B
420-A
39.6,
St.
95
98
80
93
82
78
94
Sc.
Vigor
Death rate
Sugar
83
83
83
83
83
70
73
13.6
17.0
20.6
21.3
21.0
20.8
20.9
22.0
22.0
18.5
Death rate
Sugar
0.0
0.0
21.3
21.4
22.5
23.1
22.6
24.3
22.6
22.6
....
TABLE XXVII
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
K. Gloire
3309
3306
Lenoir
St.
37
27
60
22
42
55
50
38
George
1202
15
27
28
40
30
42
30
88
89
70
81
73
95
91
96
83
67
65
83
72
67
75
83
8.3
5.8
4.2
4.6
7.0
3.0
7.6
0.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
1.5
Crop
47.7
47.1
40.0
39.8
36.3
22.2
18.5
12.5
Crop
41.6
41.1
37.9
36.9
28.3
28.3
20.9
18.9
The nursery record of this variety with all stocks is poor or only
The vineyard records of 41-B, 420-A, and 3309 are excellent.
The record of 3306 is fair to good in both nursery and vineyard.
fair.
TABLE XXVIII
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
licante Bouschet, 28.3,
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
1202
420-A
41-B
K. Gloire
3309
3306
St.
George
Lenoir
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
6.1
21.9
21.2
21.6
23.3
22.5
22.6
23.1
39.6
36.5
35.5
27.9
27.1
21.7
15.1
on
63
45
50
45
50
37
75
75
76
69
81
67
72
74
79
82
82
85
65
65
67
73
3.0
2.1
7.5
4.8
5.0
6.0
when grafted
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
3306
41-B
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
E. Gloire
420-A
Lenoir
1202
3309
St. George
George
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
The crops
of Gros
420-A
Lenoir
E. Gloire
St.
St.
Maoaire, 23.6
420-A
3306
41-B
3309
1202
E. Gloire
St.
George
on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
TABLE XXIX
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
70
20
60
35
84
93
89
100
50
78
68
65
95
77
103
82
65
65
75
75
84
63
73
TABLE XXX
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
42
45
23
35
35
56
95
50
100
89
90
80
89
67
96
104
83
104
80
58
57
57
127
Death rate
Sugar
0.0
1.4
0.0
2.8
4.2
0.0
0.0
24.2
23.8
25.1
23.5
24.4
23.7
24.3
24.8
Death rate
Sugar
4.2
0.0
0.0
17.0
3.0
2.8
0.0
24.7
26.5
25.4
24.2
23.9
25.5
26.7
26.1
0.0
7.0
Crop
33.9
32.5
29.9
29.6
28.1
27.1
25.9
17.9
Crop
12.4
11.8
9.2
7.8
7.3
5.0
4.8
4.3
TABLE XXXI
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
22
70
55
48
75
77
67
100
83
111
96
107
88
97
83
83
67
79
82
62
67
Death rate
0.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
Sugar
23.5
24.3
22.9
25.1
23.7
25.0
24.6
Crop
27.0
25.8
21.6
20.7
19.4
18.0
6.2
The best records with St. Macaire are those of 41-B and 3309,
though their crops were not quite equal to those of 420-A and 3306.
The nursery rate of 420-A is very low and the death rate of 3306 high.
TAB LE XXXII
% St. Sc. Vigor
Lagrain, 19.6, on
41-B
3309
1202
E. Gloire
3306
420-A
Lenoir
St. George
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Nursery
30
60
65
42
62
40
27
70
94
81
106
88
81
97
103
97
83
75
87
58
70
75
67
65
Death rate
Sugar
0.0
0.0
24.1
25.6
24.9
24.5
24.6
24.5
24.0
25.4
0.0
1.9
1.9
1.7
0.0
0.0
Crop
22.2
14.5
13.0
11.8
10.9
10.0
8.1
6.5
The only stock which has given satisfactory crops with Lagrain is
41-B whose record is excellent in all respects except the nursery percentage, which is low. Grafts on 3309 and 1202 are the second choice.
They have given good returns in the nursery but have borne less than
the ungrafted vines.
128
TABLE XXXIII
% St. Sc. Vigor
aldepenas, 32.7, on
420-A
41-B
Lenoir
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
1202
3309
3306
K. Gloire
George
St.
This variety
Nursery
60
65
82
65
88
65
75
75
Death rate
94
81
87
90
82
80
80
91
remarkable for
is
79
80
82
87
72
82
72
82
its
7.1
Sugar
24.4
Crop
25.0
4.2
4.2
5.7
2.0
3.0
0.0
4.5
25.1
25.4
25.2
26.3
26.1
26.3
26.9
19.1
18.3
17.9
17.8
14.7
10.5
8.0
The
its
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Only the R.
best record
its
mean
gloire has a
is
of 3309.
imillon, 22.2
!,
TABLE XXXIV
% St. Sc. Vigor
Nursery
on
3309
420-A
3306
1202
E. Gloire
41-B
St. George
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
75
47
35
23
50
17
47
78
95
83
90
74
79
87
79
83
67
84
72
Death rate
Sugar
Crop
0.0
26.1
23.7
26.0
26.1
25.9
25.3
25.6
17.5
16.8
15.3
12.8
12.6
10.5
1.4
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
6.7
its
own
roots.
ilomino
420-A
3309
3306
41-B
B. Gloire
1202
George
St.
TABLE XXXV
% St. Sc. Vigor
36.0 on
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Davis
Nursery
15
50
40
22
50
65
72
84
76
70
88
93
105
88
Death rate
Sugar
3.3
24.2
25.5
25.4
24.3
25.3
24.2
25.5
82
87
82
80
82
83
87
1.4
0.0
0.0
1.9
0.0
0.0
Crop
55.2
34.2
29.3
22.8
15.1
14.9
10.6
The Palomino is one of the most robust and fruitful vines grown
and on some of the stocks it retains these characteristics. It has been
exceptionally fruitful on 420-A, but unfortunately
is
this
combination
is
Its
doubtful.
The
safest
I'iW?!
shows the three stocks which can be recommended
!
Table
XXXVI
five of
lows
once,
The
list
includes
Another, 1202, occurs three times, but with one exception only
stocks
nursery record
is
|;|
3306.
twice.
its
It is possible, therefore, to
reduce the
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
129
Aramon x
TABLE XXXVI
Stocks Recommended for Each Scion Variety
Second
First
Muscat
41-B
41-B
3306
3309
41-B
A. x E. No. 9
3309
Corinth, Black
Corinth, White
Sultanina
Sultana
Dattier de Beirut
Emperor
R. Gloire
St.
1202
A. x R. No.
A. x R. No.
3306
R. Martin
St.
Tokay
Malaga
41-B
3309
41-B
1202
3306
41-B
3309
3309
3309
3309
3309
3306
Macaire
Lagrain
Valdepenas
St.
Semillon
Palomino
George
Cornichon
Alicante Bouschet
Gros Mansenc
Petite Sirah (Duriff)
Third
101-14
A. x R. No.
420-A
George
A. x R. No. 1
420-A
93-5
A. x R. No. 1
41-B
420-A
420-A
41-B
420-A
41-B
420-A
1202
3309
41-B
41-B
420-A
3306
41-B
3306
grapes (Dattier
(6)
all
is still little
our
common
varieties of raisin
and
table
grown).
grown on
a smaller scale,
it is
desirable to
good results
Figure 11 has been prepared for this purpose.
This figure represents the comparative results obtained with the
seven principal stocks in the most important matters, i.e., crop, durability in the vineyard, and the percentage of No. 1 grafts obtained
in the nursery.
The record of each stock is given with each of the
likely to give
Each
average standing of each stock and the steps the amount of variation.
This figure shows that the best stocks,
if
we consider
all
three
and Rip.
gloire.
The well-proved
unreliability of the
130
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
last stock
EXPERIMENT STATION
it
in most instances.
The
420A
41
3309
||
I
HL
86
^^
Z13
Z.4-5
^^^^
93
21 &
DU
193
RABI
1202
R. Gloire
166
St.
160
George
too
\^^~83 l^^
I^I T">
W^^^La Bfcj*
II
3306
CROP
89
33
35
Fig. 11.
Record
34
50
58
54
61
In the meanwhile, Rip. x Rup. 3309 and Rip. x Rup. 3306 can be
highly recommended as excellent stocks for general purposes for the
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
131
TABLE X
Durability of Grafted Vines
(All combinations, Davis)
Growing
*
Combination
Planted
1911
Alicante Bouschet on
41-B
420-A
3309
3306
St. George
1202
Eiparia Gloire
Totals and
mean
1912
Stand
Death
12
12
10
12
17
23
24
10
11
22
20
14
11
110
89
60
rate,
per cent
loss
1917
per
annum
2.1
11
9
5
3.0
4.8
7
7
5.0
6.0
6.1
7.5
Alicante Ganzin on
St.
George
8.3
Beba on
Lenoir
Eiparia Gloire
3309
3306
41-B
1202
Totals and mean
Black Corinth on
Eiparia Gloire
George
41-B
St.
3306
St.
George
Totals and
Cornichon on
St. George
E. Martin
101-14
A. x E. No. 1
41.B
Eiparia Gloire
3309
3306
1202
A. x E. No. 9
Totals and
mean
333 E.
7
6
7
6
11
10
3
3
70
68
40
14
13
13
24
22
20
47
43
41
12
12
12
11
24
21
19
6
6
6
6
6
6
3
5
3
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
3
5
3
5
5
5
5
55
52
43
24
48
12
12
12
24
43
12
10
11
22
36
10
108
100
83
3
5
mean
Totals and
11
22
12
6
5
Dattier de Beirut on
A. x E. No. 9
A. x E. No. 1
420-A
41-B
11
23
12
mean
3.0
14
6.0
7.0
7.1
8.3
11.7
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.4
1.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8
2.8
2.8
5.6
11.1
9
6
1.4
2.7
2.8
6.2
7.6
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
132
TABLE
EXPERIMENT STATION
X (Continued)
Growing
Planted
Combination
1911
1912
Stand
Death
loss
1917
per
rate,
per cent
annum
Emperor on
E. Martin
9
8
9
8
8
3309
1202
3306
420-A
Lenoir
A. x E. No. 1
St. George
Eiparia Gloire
3
6
8
3
6
3
5
5
8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8
2.8
3.3
3.3
Totals and
11
mean
Lagrain on
St. George
66
59
12
12
12
12
10
12
12
12
1202
3309
41-B
Lenoir
420-A
Eiparia Gloire
3306
Totals and
6
10
5
10
mean
8
8
54
0.0
10
10
9
9
8
9
9
9
9
8
10
8
8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
1.9
94
70
67
12
12
12
12
12
12
0.0
8
2
6
0.0
0.0
0.0
12
11
11
12
11
6
11
10
1.5
11
7.6
74
71
64
24
24
14
17
14
17
0.0
7
8
7
9
0.0
0.0
11
1.9
Malaga on
St. George
Lenoir
3309
41-B
420-A
3306
1202
Eiparia Gloire
Totals and
St.
mean
Macaire on
Eiparia Gloire
1202
3309
420-A
41-B
St. George
16
22
17
10
8
9
9
5
118
71
67
420-A
41-B
Lenoir
157-11
101-14
12
24
12
24
12
24
6
2
24
6
2
20
3309
11
6
2
20
8
8
8
5
3306
Totals and
mean
0.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
1.7
6.3
Muscat on
E. Martin
1202
A. x E. No. 9
3306
A. x E. No. 1
St.
George
Totals and
mean
13
13
24
11
4
13
13
153
24
10
14
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
6.4
10.2
7.0
5.0
....
....
143
114
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
TABLE
133
X (Continued)
Growins
1
Death rate,
loss per cent
1911
1912
Stand
1917
24
13
11
2.6
24
14
15
12
12
12
4
13
4
13
0.0
2.1
12
11
4
10
2.8
3.0
9
8
106
58
51
17
10
12
13
10
12
13
10
12
16
10
12
11
9
5
77
68
65
11
11
11
0.0
6
11
12
24
12
12
11
3
7
0.0
10
19
12
12
10
10
19
11
11
0.0
0.0
88
73
61
12
12
12
12
12
11
12
Planted
Combination
per
annum
Flame Muscat on
St.
George
Gros Mansenc on
Riparia Gloire
1202
St. George
Lenoir
420-A
41-B
3306
3309
Totals and
mean
Palomino on
St. George
1202
3306
41-B
3309
Riparia Gloire
420-A
Totals and
mean
0.0
4.2
17.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.4
1.9
3.3
Pierce on
St.
George
Semillon on
1202
3306
St.
George
3309
420-A
Riparia Gloire
Lenoir
Totals and
mean
0.0
1.4
1.4
....
Petite Sirah on
3309
3306
420-A
41-B
St.
George
Riparia Gloire
Lenoir
1202
Totals and
mean
Sultana on
3306
41-B
101-14
420-A
A. x R. No. 1
1202
Riparia Gloire
St. George
-
Totals and
mean
11
12
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16
12
12
12
14
12
12
12
14
11
10
0.0
96
93
87
12
17
12
12
17
11
12
17
11
0.0
0.0
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
0.0
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.9
96
91
87
1.4
2.8
4.2
0.0
134
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
TABLE
EXPERIMENT STATION
X (Concluded)
Growing
"\
Sultanina on
101-14
A. i E. No. 1
:
420-A
Lenoir
K. Martin
1202
3306
St.
George
Kiparia Gloire
Totals and
mean
Death
rate,
1911
1912
Stand
1917
12
12
12
12
12
12
0.0
0.0
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
12
11
11
10
11
11
10
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Planted
Combination
87
82
82
12
11
12
24
12
11
23
12
6
8
17
4
2
loss
per cent
per
annum
Tokay on
St. George
41-B
3306
3309
Kiparia Gloire
420-A
Lenoir
1202
Totals and
mean
Valdepefias on
Kiparia Gloire
3309
3306
Lenoir
41-B
St. George
1202
420-A
Totals and
mean
12
11
_8
96
92
53
24
24
24
24
16
24
24
14
17
22
12
12
22
23
14
15
18
9
9
__8
16
14
4
168
129
99
3.0
4.2
4.6
5.8
7.0
8.3
13.6
17.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
4.2
4.2
4.5
5.7
7.1
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
135
TABLE XI
Durability of Grafted Vines
Black Corinth on
41-B
3306
Eiparia Gloire
Vines planted
Vines growing
1912-1913
1916-1917
annum
per
5
3
5
0.0
0.0
3.3
13
13
0.0
0.0
20.0
11
11
0.0
37
34
0.0
2.0
5
3
6
White Corinth on
George
St.
3306
420-A
Dattier de Beirut on
93-5
A. x E. No. 1
106-8
Sultana on
101-14
St. George
3306
420-A
1202
Eiparia Gloire
41-B
Sultanina on
1616
E. Martin
3309
Lenoir
Tokay x Eupestris
A. x E. No. 1
George
101-14
St.
1202
3306
10
10
14
12
14
7
1
20
2
7
5
6
8
3
14
17
10
20
2
7
5
6
8
3
14
17
14
10
13
10
10
22
33
32
84
21
30
25
55
6
6
6
3
2
2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.3
10.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
Muscat on
A. x E. No. 1
106-8
333 E.
420-A
3309
St.
George
93-5
A. x E. No. 9
Tokay x Eupestris
101-14
0.0
0.0
0.9
1.8
4.4
6.9
13.3
13.3
20.0
20.0
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
136
TABLE
EXPERIMENT STATION
XII
Pouru
rids per vine*
1914
16.02
15.75
12.86
10.82
Variety
Alicante Bouschet
1202
420-A
41-B
Eiparia Gloire
3309
3306
....
George
Alicante Ganzin
St. George
Corinth, Black
7.91
St.
Eiparia Gloire
41-B
St. George
8.98
14.20
7.79
2.69
1.40
....
5.51
1.92
George
.63
Cornichon
3309
Tok. x Rup
3306
41-B
A. x R. G. No.
6.75
..
1202
A. x R. G. No. 9
..
George
101-14
St.
R. Gloire
106-8
Dattier de Beyreuth
93-5
41-B
A. x R. G. No. 1 ..
A. x R. G. No. 9 ..
333 E.
420-A
3.44
1.43
2.09
2.06
Emperor
6.54
3306
A. x R. G. No.
3309
.83
.80
..
R. Gloire
Lenoir
1202
R. Martin
420-A
St. George
Gros Mansenc
41.B
1202
3309
3306
5.21
1.92
4.37
3.15
420-A
Lenoir
1.18
Riparia Gloire
1.44
1.33
George
13.46
19.60
21.60
18.40
15.00
8.33
10.83
9.67
4.67
6.20
12.60
.....
R. Martin
St.
9.63
8.38
1917
21.17
50.78
49.38
45.68
33.52
36.45
34.22
27.75
5.13
3306
St.
17.70
18.79
21.90
14.00
16.23
14.80
White
Corinth,
1916
46.05
49.34
38.13
46.71
34.00
30.00
21.14
9.15
1915
.67
13.94
8.90
14.92
13.14
7.67
10.60
21.11
10.75
10.25
7.50
3.80
4.14
3.00
1.67
5.00
2.13
22.86
5.33
3.85
1.00
2.11
2.67
2.67
5.00
16.88
13.14
4.56
18.18
27.38
12.20
50.22
68.80
37.00
52.42
62.20
55.25
54.50
53.60
55.06
55.29
52.42
45.71
16.25
17.00
10.48
4.44
13.80
10.08
6.60
27.95
40.75
47.25
34.42
25.85
36.08
39.17
32.17
30.50
31.50
28.88
28.67
29.71
23.77
27.51
26.32
27.04
20.45
40.28
59.25
65.75
48.03
54.30
54.83
42.63
41.58
31.97
38.73
21.10
16.08
17.15
16.40
8.75
10.13
6.35
7.48
4.21
13.88
22.70
12.20
10.92
10.00
12.91
31.31
43.19
34.20
48.66
32.15
19.13
30.63
20.90
26.26
22.00
17.36
15.67
14.23
10.05
6.75
9.56
5.91
4.27
3.56
Pounds
Balling
28.31
39.64
36.47
35.46
27.92
27.08
21.66
15.09
22.3
21.6
21.9
23.9
21.9
23.5
22.9
5.13
4.82
12.19
,8.34
4.50
12.50
13.13
22"o
30.4
26.0
31.1
6.48
27.7
29.8
30.54
43.05
42.13
36.15
35.48
35.44
34.00
32.20
31.74
30.49
29.17
28.99
16.25
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.8
18.3
18.7
18.3
18.0
18.7
17.9
18.6
17.5
19.18
18.46
18.21
16.79
14.90
14.65
30.90
37.73
36.73
34.73
30.08
26.03
25.42
21.38
21.08
20.95
20.44
12.36
11.78
9.15
7.75
7.27
4.98
4.81
4.26
22.7
21.6
22.6
21.8
20.0
22.0
19.7
18.6
18.9
20.3
17.9
17.8
19.5
17.7
19.0
25.7
26.5
25.8
26.5
27.2
26.2
26.4
26.6
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
137
1915
1916
1917
Pounds
Balling
Lagrain
41-B
3309
1202
Eiparia Gloire
3306
420-A
Lenoir
St. George
10.96
16.06
3.31
3.06
4.33
2.59
1.56
2.50
18.22
20.44
18.83
21.33
15.90
14.80
14.67
12.69
2.20
9.78
7.50
5.64
7.67
6.63
4.90
3.57
3.60
24.48
36.33
17.22
12.06
11.75
11.33
10.48
8.00
19.59
22.18
14.52
13.01
11.77
10.92
10.02
8.08
6.52
24.5
26.6
25.0
25.7
25.7
24.0
24.2
26.4
Malaga
15.39
22.00
13.16
12.71
21.20
7.25
8.63
4.46
11.45
22.08
29.50
41.33
33.00
30.40
20.75
25.08
12.17
15.50
57.64
54.75
56.38
43.82
53.90
39.54
39.67
37.71
25.40
39.14
40.50
25.58
36.88
26.50
24.67
20.15
12.83
15.83
39.62
41.58
41.10
37.90
36.93
28.32
28.30
20.90
18.91
20.3
20.8
23.0
22.9
22.9
21.3
23.0
22.7
13.41
12.23
12.43
10.70
12.92
25.0
33.43
38.33
29.63
26.31
32.58
28.50
23.67
20.74
18.17
20.90
15.11
18.19
5.64
14.45
28.38
25.23
15.14
19.93
19.13
22.94
18.65
26.55
17.25
11.81
15.34
5.71
22.42
29.61
27.15
24.32
23.72
22.54
22.08
20.31
19.35
18.38
15.14
14.39
5.68
24.0
24.6
23.2
26.3
26.1
25.5
26.5
24.1
24.8
25.5
26.4
28.2
47.27
85.44
36.00
29.00
13.14
19.47
20.44
14.42
23.92
45.83
41.56
27.90
25.21
15.03
13.92
36.04
55.17
34.19
29.27
22.78
15.08
14.92
10.57
24.1
23.0
25.6
24.4
25.8
25.3
26.5
26.92
17.00
1*7.17
13.43
22.05
15.22
21.7
21.5
33.71
36.96
36.15
33.95
22.04
28.99
21.46
7.89
20.07
27.89
24.00
14.73
24.04
19.10
17.15
23.56
27.13
25.77
21.56
20.69
19.36
17.95
7.14
6.19
Variety
.54
41-B
420-A
Eiparia Gloire
3309
3306
Lenoir
St. George
1202
Muscat, Flame
St.
9.16
George
Muscat
41-B
420-A
A. x E. G. No.
101-14
157-11
3309
3306
Lenoir
1202
A. x E. G. No. 9
E. Martin
St.
3309
3306
41-B
Eiparia Gloire
1202
St.
5.10
8.04
9.38
6.68
4.13
7.39
6.88
6.42
7.17
4.30
6.21
19.39
22.11
26.58
31.50
18.65
20.00
19.63
21.53
13.33
17.00
18.50
9.63
George
Palomino
420-A
George
12.50
9.94
10.45
8.10
10.43
4.41
6.45
6.81
36.92
34.25
25.00
30.92
30.00
10.75
10.40
9.46
Pierce (Isabella)
Tck. x Eup
St.
St.
George
Macaire
420-A
3306
41-B
3309
1202
Eiparia Gloire
St.
George
7.97
7.96
11.44
4.86
29.92
5.18
3.83
4.47
5.20
1.53
16.89
16.57
17.17
16.00
16.00
10.00
15.25
3.54
7.83
24.5
24.3
23.3
24.4
24.1
25.4
25.5
EXPERIMENT STATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
138
Variety
Semillon
3309
420-A
3306
1202
Eiparia Gloire
41-B
St.
George
1914
9.83
4.48
8.32
4.67
5.82
4.70
Sirah, Pte
3306
41-B
Eiparia Gloire
420-A
Lenoir
1202
3309
St.
George
Sultana
A. x E. G. No. 1
41-B
10.32
14.16
10.27
5.85
8.33
13.92
7.81
4.15
21.58
420-A
101-14
Eiparia Gloire
1202
3306
St.
George
Sultanina
A. x E. G. No. 1
101-14
1202
Eiparia Gloire
Lenoir'
3306
E. Martin
St. George
Tokay
Valdepeiias
420-A
41-B
Lenoir
1202
3309
3306
Eiparia Gloire
St.
George
1916
1917
Pounds
Balling
0.76
19.87
23.14
17.21
19.25
14.91
10.50
31.74
23.29
17.94
19.86
25.9
25.5
27.0
26.2
26.8
26.9
26.4
2.50
7.80
9.85
22.21
17.49
16.75
15.26
12.78
12.59
10.50
6.72
30.61
31.33
33.75
25.09
26.25
21.70
22.17
26.92
12.35
37.70
31.48
42.86
32.80
38.17
40.89
30.56
26.92
20.83
39.72
38.88
20.14
31.71
24.35
21.63
28.65
23.94
20.56
36.01
33.90
32.25
29.87
29.59
28.07
27.13
25.93
17.91
24.2
22.0
23.5
21.9
22.2
23.1
22.0
24.8
25.33
17.09
12.65
8.67
7.27
1.14
5.33
7.83
10.36
36.57
65.45
52.35
55.46
45.15
41.83
36.36
32.02
20.00
45.94
45.73
39.06
33.00
28.83
32.92
29.82
29.25
21.80
35.95
42.76
34.69
32.38
27.08
25.30
23.84
23.03
17.39
21.4
20.6
22.5
22.4
23.2
22.3
23.2
22.5
13.50
18.32
16.58
10.17
10.50
10.45
9.14
4.75
20.72
23.36
21.02
.60
30.35
46.67
44.38
35.69
35.89
29.39
34.22
28.46
30.84
24.75
15.27
52.50
43.75
33.41
47.50
33.13
24.75
18.88
5.50
19.14
20.50
10.20
12.20
11.57
8.40
9.00
13.57
27.72
9.32
9.17
8.71
9.33
8.45
6.83
8.50
3.75
3.18
5.29
4.63
4.00
1.00
420-A
Lenoir
420-A
3309
41-B
3306
Eiparia Gloire
St. George
1202
1915
14.12
7.38
15.63
14.56
16.46
10.94
11.67
7.09
12.97
10.25
5.78
5.15
8.63
8.14
8.71
11.54
8.35
9.75
14.40
9.17
7.63
7.75
16.65
16.51
14.61
14.53
13.88
13.16
11.03
24.2
24.2
25.0
25.1
26.4
24.6
25.3
24.5
25.7
23.58
47.00
46.06
45.85
41.75
40.00
20.82
28.23
12.00
32.00
43.50
51.33
40.76
30.18
35.88
20.98
8.25
19.29
23.62
47.67
47.05
40.01
39.81
36.34
22.18
18.45
12.26
21.1
20.5
21.6
21.2
22.0
23.0
21.6
21.5
44.75
28.50
23.10
21.30
20.84
23.97
19.18
8.83
14.32
34.09
26.06
23.88
21.33
21.29
21.08
16.01
9.06
32.66
25.02
19.06
18.28
17.90
17.82
14.73
10.49
7.00
8.01
25.6
26.1
26.2
26.4
26.7
27.2
27.3
28.8
Bulletin 331]
PHYLLOXERA-RESISTANT STOCKS
TABLE
139
XIII
Mean,
ie
of grapes per vine
Muscat
(1)
93-5
A. x R. No. 1
George
A. x R. No.
St.
333 E.
420-A
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1919
15.6
20.9
17.5
14.3
11.8
21.1
28.7
22.6
16.5
14.5
8.0
20.4
16.7
21.5
19.8
15.9
20.5
11.7
14.7
24.5
15.3
13.9
20.4
9.8
24.9
35.0
37.1
25.1
34.8
26.6
26.8
24.9
18.7
18.7
20.7
18.2
16.0
18.6
15.9
15.3
13.2
10.8
19.4
28.5
12.6
io"o
13.4
ii'6
12.8
8.2
16.1
53.5
49.5
37.1
35.0
10.5
81.1
51.2
83.0
54.6
68.5
38.8
60.4
42.6
49.3
27.2
38.8
54.1
59.8
58.7
49.3
39.2
46.3
39.1
41.0
41.0
39.0
56.0
45.0
32.0
48.0
38.0
43.0
22.0
29.0
56.7
45.9
45.7
41.3
39.9
34.3
25.5
32.6
39.7
42.3
42.8
41.0
25.0
27.0
41.0
40.0
39.7
30.0
27.0
23.0
17.0
54.0
33.1
37.4
31.6
30.6
30.4
35.9
39.5
95.5
59.3
66.0
70.9
39.9
61.8
45.9
47.5
52.8(3) 68.0
52.9
67.0
70.0
68.2
59.3
46.5
51.1
48.5
12.3
50.8
54.0
51.0
42.0
71.0
51.0
51.0
42.0
51.7
7.9
22.6
22.5
20.5
21.9
20.7
14.3
11.0
15.3
17.8
15.7
11.3
29.8
31.5
30.7
5.0
20.3
10.8
15.6
10.6
9.4
3309
106-8
101-14
Tok. x
Rup
Means grafted
Sultanina (2)
Lenoir
1202
3306
3309
1616
A. x R. No. 9
101-14
Tok. x Rup
St.
1914
36.1
22.4
28.4
George
25.3
R. Martin
A. x R. No. 1
Means grafted
Sultana
Riparia Gloire
41-B
420-A
1202
St.
28.1
8.8
30.3
32.0
25.5
26.9
4.5
30.5
George
Means grafted
Corinth, Black
41-B
3306
Riparia Gloire
Means grafted
6.2
7.0
..
1.0
4.7
White
3306
St.
'8.7
10.9
8.7
14.5
9.5
8.8
4.8
2.8
9.3
4.0
21.2
75.5(3)
58.9
55.2
41.8
....
3306
101-14
Corinth,
10.1
9.6
16.8
17.0
13.6
14.6
9.5
11.4
8.0
3.0
George
Means grafted
5.5
13.5
18.0
65.0
28.0
22.0
25.0
20.3
15.0
14.0
27.0
9.1
3.9
10.0
7.7
71.9
53.1
48.9
51.1
44.8
41.6
37.8
49.9
'15'19
12.9
14.9
11.8
10.6
17.8
11.6
No.
Report
tions.
A
A
Experimental Drain.
275. The Cultivation of Belladonna in Cali-
Value
310.
312.
313.
316.
317.
318.
320.
321.
322.
323.
of the
Carob Bean.
Pollination.
Mariout Barley.
Pruning Young Deciduous Fruit Trees.
The Kaki or Oriental Persimmon.
Selections of Stocks in Citrus Prooagation.
Effects of Alkali on Citrus Trees.
Control of the Coyote in California.
The
Temperatures.
325. Rice
Irrigation
fornia.
Dairv Cows.
283.
285.
286.
290.
Plum
of California.
California.
Commercial Fertilizers.
The June Drop of Washington Navel
Oranges.
Growth Redwoods.
Cocoanut Meal as a Feed
and Other Livestock.
for
Dairy Cows
Dust as an
Insecticide.
337. Some Factors of Dehydrater Efficiency.
338. Selection and Treatment of Waters for
336.
The Preparation
of Nicotine
1916-1918.
CIRCULARS
No.
No.
155.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
164.
165.
Common
fornia Soils.
113.
114.
115.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
135.
138.
139.
Cabbage Growing
Official
in California.
144.
148.
151.
152.
153.
Announcement
of
Grain in California.
Dairy
Cow
Growing
Small
Bovine Tuberculosis.
Control of the Pear Scab.
Home and Farm Canning.
Agriculture in the Imperial Valley.
Lettuce Growing in California.
Potatoes in California.
Small Fruit Culture in California.
Culture
Crop.
172. Wheat Culture.
173. The Construction of the Wood-Hoop Silo.
174. Farm Drainage Methods.
175. Progress Report on the Marketing and
Distribution of Milk.
176. Hog Cholera Prevention and the Serum
Treatment.
177. Grain Sorghums.
178. The Packing of Apples in California.
179. Factors of Importance in Producing Milk
of Low Bacterial Count.
181. Control of the California Ground Squirrel.
182. Extending the Area of Irrigated Wheat in
California for 1918.
CIRCULARS Continued
No.
No.
214. Seed
Treatment
for
the Prevention
of
Cereal Smuts.
and Small
Rancher or Amateur.
188. Lambing Sheds.
189. Winter Forage Crops.
190. Agriculture Clubs in California.
191. Pruning the Seedless Grapes.
193.
Study of Farm Labor in California.
198. Syrup from Sweet Sorghum.
201. Helpful Hints to Hog Raisers.
202. County Organizations for Rural Fire Con-
trol.
in Agriculture.
223. The Pear Thrips.
224. Control of the Brown Apricot Scale and
the Italian Pear Scale on Deciduous
Fruit Trees.
226. Protection of Vineyards from Phylloxera.
227. Plant Disease and Pest Control.
228. Vineyard Irrigation in Arid Climates.
229. Cordon Pruning.