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  • Year One of The Russian Revolution - Victor Serge PDF

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    Lucas de Paula Porceno
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    138 visualizações222 páginas

    Year One of The Russian Revolution - Victor Serge PDF

    Enviado por

    Lucas de Paula Porceno

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 222
    Year One of the Russian Revolution Victor Serge PETER SEDGWICK Contents ito’ Introdvtion ' ‘Acknowledgements 6 Foreword 18 1 From Serdom to Proletarian Revotion a 2. The Insurrection of 28 Ocaber 1917 2 53. The Urban Middle Classes against the Proletaiat ©. 4 The Fiat Flames ofthe Cl War “The Constituent Assembly 108 S BrestLitosk 13 5 The Trace and the Great Retreachment 19 1 The Famige andthe Crechosivak Intervention 211 The July-August Css 28 9. Tre Tecror and the Wil 1 Vistory 20 10. The German Revoltion 32 1 War Commusise 30 Notes ms Editorial Posserie: ‘The Allied Part inthe Cechoslova Intervention 415 Nos % Index as 1 Wester Russia os 2 Siberia 2 3) Back Sea and Caspian Sea as Trninu Eder lonohater Nee Spyne ) t2yPer See ‘Alig ene nding he iho oprodse {Se Bato one tot ny orm trary Cog Cxalog Cad Naber: 741725 Pin puscdinbe US 2 Penn he Une Sine of Amen ayn Page 428 is misnumbered as page 438 ‘Some of the ether index pages are printed in an in- correct order. The correct alphabetical sequence ater page 430 is 433, 434, 435, 431, 432, 436 a 1 dedicate this work 1 wo proletarian reoltonais ar Vasil Nkoreich Chace, ltt in the Leningrad commit organisation, 1917-28, oe (Prinpld neligence, firmness of character and absolute decorion 7 eto lame uring within hi ~ never mevredexen ithe baterest torment and who persed Before could show the fale of his powers tr the service of the revolution, murdered while ‘ccomplihing mision on 26 August 1928, ot fr fom Armaxir (Kua) nd Year One of the Russian Revolution Editor’s Introduction “The present book it on ofthe ft works produced by Victor ‘Sera folowing the dessin he took in 1928, when he Was con Sedina Leningrad hospital wih near-moral ines, otra bis era talent from the eld of immediate agitation and prop tginda (pow denied to him a ares ofthe victory of Stalinism) {nto more permanent for of politcal and aris testimony Like the other works produced by Serge for publication abroad uring his disgrace asa former Left Oppostonist in the Soviet Unio, it was composed according to a pcula format: “in de- tached fragments which could each be separately competed and Seat abroad post-haste and ... could, if absolutely necessary, be published as hey were, incomplete" In thse arty years of Stla’s hegemony, the mere act of lspatcing a manuscript toa Western publisher was not regarded by Soviet ofcialdom, a its today, asin itself tantamount to an sstofaeason. During the 1920sithad ben relatively common for Soviet weiter to bring ou their work abroud inorder to establish ‘opyiait, befor it appeared in Russa. This velatve reedom was fot 10 last very long: in 1923, for example, Bois Pink was svagel attacked in the Russian pees for his publication ofthe ‘evel Mofogany in Bec, and was removed from his post nthe ‘AlbRussian Writes’ Union fr this supposedly ‘anti-Soviet ac- tion, Tass by 1930 when Year One ofthe Russian Recolition appeared om the presses ofa Pars publishing house, Serge must Inve ha grounds fr fering that an historical work which chal- leaged implicitly but silldetniely the Sains re-wrtingof party ‘story might bring unplessant consequences upon it autor. ‘Only a year later, novel devoted to the ell War period, be {eltic necessary to omit te names of Lenin and Trotsky in scene ‘which leary described the to leaders together in lose conver ‘tion: * and in 1956, when Victor Serge wa allowed to leave the Soviet Union ater thos yeas of deportation in central Asi, the GPU censorship tok eae to sie al his manuscripts, including Year Two ofthe Ruslan Revolution, he sequel to the preseat work This book then, like Vitor Serge himself sa specimen of Uunompromising heresy which survived thers of Stalinist e- pression trough a combination of sf timing and hstrieal ‘ood ck Th contrast with Serpe’ other works of politcal history, Year One ofthe Russian Revolution contains no autobiographical clement isn no sense aa eye-witness acount, singe its nara i444... wie... 2 Béitor's Introduction tive breaks off precisely atthe pint in January 1919 when Serge ‘vas bepinning his own personal experience of the Bolshevik Revolution, seting foot on Russian sol for the fist ime ia his Iie as the resared on of eile Naodnik parents Sere’ initia: tion into the stem reales of Red Petrograd atthe end of Bol- shevsm’s Year One dal io (ashe tls us in is memoir) & ‘onsierabe shock: despite the recent promise of «Soviet deme ‘racy based on mas participation, bere asarevoluton at death's door, its reedom checked and controled by a nanos party ‘monopoly which maitained the "Proltarian Dictatorship" athe face of starving, embittered and depopulated proletariat. Even With this restricted basis of legitimacy, the Soviet regime could fl exert powerful calm of fealty upon secant and inter= ‘atonal; Serge was nota this point prepared to decare (ashe 4, in confidence, i 1921 to an anarchist vstor to Moscom) {thatthe Communist party no longer exerises a dictatorship of ‘he proarat but over the proktarat* The boad betveen the ruling party and the casi represenied could sl be renened from te tote, in period eats of mass heroism i the war against White restoration or in the ploneeiag Work of constus- ton within new iasttutins and a new culture Sergeistoo honest hott ee thatthe dels of Soviet Democracy”, which hed ed {he hears of lions in Rosin and throushout the world in 1917, have given way tthe authoritarian monopoly the detatorstip of te cenre’, ashe puts it ofthe Babe leadership. The pure pose of Year One of the Russian Revolion i essentially one ‘of reconstractng the cain of events, in the Rusia of revluion {nd counterzevoltion, which bas ed from the ‘Commune Sate of 1917 w the party dictatorship of late 1918. The terms of the ‘arratve are fed by Sere’ bale convictions, fsty, hat the (October Revolution of 1917 was & penne expresion of mass feeling by worker and peasants inter overwbelming majority, tnd secondly thatthe revolutionary wave had vey quik eX hausted sel, or rather bled itself dry, through the miltary ‘epredaton andconomic ru which wrouphthavocinanalready enfecbled Russia during the erly months following the Bolshevik Seizure of power. ‘Sere's outline ofthe carly development of Bolshevism i there- forelialy to dissatisyat least thee classes of historians and com ‘nentaors upon Commauia, There are those who reject the dist ‘omerstone of Sere’ narrative, arguing tat the Bolshevik revor Ison of 1917, far fom being an expression or representation af popular desis, was a mere coup ator conspiracy on tis largumenta dete account of the revolutions fortunes over the ‘ese 1917-18 would possesite historical relevance inexplaining the rotation ofthe Commit da, snce the resin from the ‘outset would bea minority dictatorship masquerading behind the Tanner of the Soves. Thre are many, to0, on the Left who i Ee, Eutor’s Introduction 3 would gladly endorse Serg's characterization of Bolshevism's Int vctory asthe advent to power of autbeatcallyrevlution- ary as institutions, and yet would reject his chronology af the rovemen’s speedy decline. 1918 has indeed been ofleed ut rarcy as a sgniicant date by Left-ving interpreters of Russian ‘Communist sory; most accounts ofthe trajectory of Stalinism tare sprinkled with references to such salient years ae 1937-8 the ‘reat purge), 1929-30 coletvization and famine), 1927 (feat Of Left Opposition expulsion af Trotsky), ora critics sui tently bold ~ 192), the year of the suppression of the Kronstadt ‘ebelion and the banning of fations ini the Bolshevik party. “There are very few interpretations which both proclaim the 1917 ‘October Revolution asa alidand seauinprolearian insurrection and go on as Serge dows) to date the ersion of mass involvement inthe revolution within a matter of oaths. Quite recently, how ‘ever, thd group of exits of Bolshevik history bas atacted public attention. These would share Serge's chronological fous, in concentrating on developments in Soviet Russia during the immediate aftermath ofthe Bolte assumption of ator, but would ote aadeally distinct explanation forthe endencles tovards politcal repression, centralization and monopoly that tre evident in the practice of Lea's party as ealy as 1918 Such ‘rites as Noam Chomsky, the Cohn-Beadit brothers and Paul (Cardan ar inclined to ascribe the Holbevk expopeation ofthe Soviets not othe sheer prostre of historical events (though ite ‘conceded that these may ave played their part) but to specie Iseolopcal dives towards the centralization of authority atthe expense of the workers; these conceptual deformities Witla Ba ‘Shouism are Seen as predating the Ovober Revolution and are ‘variously traced back o Lenin's centralizing polities in the 1902-3 Split with the Mensheviks, or fo a residue of orthodox soeal

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