THE PASSIVE VOICE

Se formeaz cu verbul BE + Vb. 3 (-ed)

active

subject
Tom

verb
invited

object
me.

passive

subject
I

verb
was invited

agent
by Tom.

Present simple
Present continuous
Past simple
Past continuous
Present perfect
Past perfect
Future simple
Future perfect
Present infinitive
Perfect infinitive
Present participle
Past participle

am/is/are invited
am/is/are being invited
was/were invited
was/were being invited
have/has been invited
had been invited
will be invited
will have been invited
to be invited
to have been invited
being invited
having been invited

Verbele modale: se pune BE + Vb. 3 (-ed) dup: will, be going to, can, must, should, may, have
to.
Eg.
The gates will be closed this evening.
The machine has to be repaired.
Seats may not be reserved.
The rubbish should be thrown away.
How can the problem be solved?
PASIVUL CU GET
1. Uneori, la pasiv, folosim GET in locul lui BE.
Eg. Last week Laura got moved to another department.
Lots of people got bitten by dogs.
2. Folosim GET i n expresii de tipul: get dressed, get married, get lost, get divorced, get
started, ger washed

CONSTRUCII PASIVE
1. It is said that ... (se spune ca ...)
It is said that Henry is in love with Claire.
(= People say that Henry is in love with Claire)
It is thought that the company is planning a new advertising campaign.
It was reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
Alte verbe care pot fi folosite cu aceast structur: agree, allege, announce, assure, believe,
consider, decide, expect, explain, hope, know, report, say, suggest, suppose, think,
understand
2. He is said to ... (se spune ca ...)
Henry is said to be in love with Claire.
The company is thought to be planning a new advertising campaign.
3. Have something done it means that we arranged for somebody else to do something for
us.
(= to have + CD + Vb. 3)
Claire decorated the room.
(She did the work by herself)

You should
Mark usually
We
You have
Our friends

Claire had the room decorated.

(Someone else did the work for her)

HAVE

SOMETHING

have
has
had
had
are having

your car
his clothes
the television
your hair
a new garage

DONE
serviced
cleaned
repaired
cut.
built.

regularly.
at Superclean.
only last year.

4. Have something done it means that something happens to somebody.

They had all their money stolen.
Gary had his nose broken in a fight.
5. Get something done
We must have another key made.
Laura got her shoes repaired.
Where did you get your hair cut?
We are getting the carpet cleaned.

We must get another key made.

Complementul de agent
- este introdus prin BY
- nu se menioneaz atunci cnd nu aduce informaii suplimentare
All our money and passports were stolen (by a thief).
A man was arrested last night (by the police).
- people, you, one, someone, them nu se pun pe post de complement de agent deoarece nu
aduc informaii suplimentare.