Opm - 0000491 - 01 DC13

Important information
Serious risk of injury

When working on the engine, for example when adjusting drive belts and the clutch, or when changing the
oil, it is important not to start the engine. The engine could be damaged, but more importantly there is a
serious risk of injury.
For this reason, always secure the starting device or disconnect a battery cable before working on the engine.
This is especially important if the engine has a remote starter or automatic starting.
WARNING!
This warning symbol and text can be found next to those maintenance items where it is particularly important to bear in mind the risk of injury.
Operator's manual
DC13
PDE
Industrial engine
en-GB 2 428 360
Issue 3.0
Start-up Report Warranty

The warranty starts when the start-up report has been filled in and sent to Scania. The normal warranty period is 1 year, but other conditions can apply.
Fill in the particulars in the start-up report below as well. This can make things easier if you need to contact
a workshop, for example.
Engine serial number
Date of entry into service
User's name and address
Signature
Engine type
Variant
Engine type and variant are indicated on the engine data plate.
Preparing the engine for storage . . . . . . . . . . .55

Handling the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Preservative coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Preservative fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Preservative oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Preparations for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
General data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Injection system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Cooling system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Intake system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Scania Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Environment and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Environmental responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Warnings and advisories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Engine data plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Component identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Starting and running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Checks before running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Engine shutdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Checks after running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Engines with few hours of operation . . . . . . 18
Maintenance intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Oil grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Oil analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Checking oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Changing the oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Labels for top-up engine oil grade . . . . . . . . 23
Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner . . . . . . . 24
Operational testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Renewing the oil filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Checking coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Checking antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor . 34
Antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor . . . . . . . . 35
Changing coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Cleaning the cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Reading the vacuum indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Renewing the filter element . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Renewing the safety cartridge. . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Checking fuel level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Renewing the fuel filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Renewing the water separating fuel filter . . . 44
Bleeding the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Checking the drive belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Checking for leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Checking and adjusting the valve clearance . 48
Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Composition of the fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Sulphur content of fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Temperature dependency of the fuel. . . . . . . 53
Biodiesel (FAME). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Use of fuel oil in stand-by generator sets . . . 54
OPM 210 en-GB
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Scania CV AB 2016, Sweden
Introduction
Introduction
This Operator's manual describes the operation
and maintenance of Scania industrial engines.
The engines are direct-injection, liquid-cooled,
four-stroke turbocharged diesel engines.
The engines are available with different output
and engine speed settings. Engine power for the
engine ordered is indicated on a plate located on
the engine control unit.
Note:
Only standard components are described in the
operator's manual. Information about special
equipment is contained in instructions from the
various manufacturers.
To ensure the maximum performance and the
longest service life for the engine remember the
following:
Read through the Operator's manual before
starting to use the engine. Even regular users
of Scania engines will get new information
from the Operator's manual.
Always follow the maintenance instructions.
Read the section on safety carefully.
Get to know your engine so that you know
what it can do and how it works.
Always contact an authorised Scania workshop.
The information in this manual was correct at the
time of going to press. Scania reserves the right
to make alterations without prior notice.
Note:
Always use Scania spare parts for maintenance
and repair.
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Environment and safety
Different types of advisory

Warning!
Environmental responsibility
All advisories preceded by Warning! are very

important. They warn of serious faults and incorrect operation that could lead to personal injury.
Example:
Scania develops and produces engines that are as

environmentally-friendly as possible. Scania has
made major investments in the reduction of
harmful exhaust emissions in order to fulfil the
environmental requirements in force in almost
every market.
WARNING!
At the same time, we have been able to maintain

a high level of performance and operating economy for Scania Industrial and Marine Engines.
To maintain these throughout the entire service
life of the engine, it is important for the user to
follow the instructions on running, maintenance
and fuel and lubricating oil as outlined in the Operator's manual.
Block the starting device when working on the

engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is
a serious risk of injury.
Other green initiatives taken include ensuring

that, following maintenance and repair, waste
that is harmful to the environment (for example
oil, fuel, coolant, filters and batteries) is disposed
of accordance with the applicable environmental
requirements.
Advisories preceded by Important! warn of

faults and incorrect operation that could lead to
equipment being damaged. Example:
Important!
IMPORTANT!
For Scania to guarantee that the engine corresponds to its certified configuration, and take responsibility for any damage and injuries that
occur, maintenance must be carried out as above.
Safety
The following pages contain a summary of the
safety precautions to be complied with when operating and maintaining Scania engines. The
equivalent text can also be found under the relevant maintenance item.
To prevent damage to the engine and to ensure
that it runs optimally, follow the instructions in
the warnings and advisories.
If the instructions are not followed, the warranty
can cease to apply.
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Safety precautions for running the

engine
Note:
Advisories preceded by Note: refer to information important to ensure the best possible operation and functionality. Example:
Daily maintenance
Always carry out a visual inspection of the engine and engine compartment before starting the
engine or when the engine has been switched off
after operation.
Note:
Always use genuine Scania parts during maintenance and repair so as to keep your engine in the
best possible working order.
This inspection should be done to detect fuel, oil

or coolant leaks, or anything else that may require corrective action.
Environment
Fuel
This Operators manual contains specially highlighted text with instructions to help protect the
environment during maintenance. Example:
Use only fuel recommended in the Workshop

Manual.
Environment
WARNING!
Use a container to avoid spillage.
The wrong fuel grade can cause breakdowns or

stoppages by causing the injection system to
malfunction. This can cause damage to the engine and, possibly, personal injury.
Warnings and advisories

Smoking
Refuelling
WARNING!
Never overfill the fuel tank as the fuel needs

space to expand. Also ensure that the filler cap is
properly closed.
Smoking is prohibited
in the vicinity of flammable or explosive material, e.g. fuel, oils, batteries, chemicals
when refuelling and in the vicinity of the filling station
when working on the fuel system
OPM 210 en-GB
WARNING!
During refuelling there is a risk of fire and explosion. The engine must be switched off and smoking is prohibited.
5
Hazardous gases
Running
WARNING!
WARNING!
Only start the engine in a well ventilated area.

The exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide and
nitrogen oxides, which are toxic.
The engine must not be run in environments

where there is a risk of explosion, as all of the
electrical or mechanical components can generate sparks.
If it is run in an enclosed space, there should be

an effective device to extract exhaust gases and
crankcase gases.
Approaching a running engine always poses a

safety risk. Parts of the body, clothes or dropped
tools can get caught in rotating parts such as the
fan and cause injury. For personal safety all rotating parts and hot surfaces must be fitted with
guards.
Starter lock
IMPORTANT!
Safety precautions for handling materials
If the control panel is not fitted with a starter

lock, the engine compartment should be locked
to prevent unauthorised personnel from starting
the engine. Alternatively, a lockable master
switch or battery master switch can be used.
Fuel and lubricating oil

WARNING!
All fuels and lubricants as well as many chemicals are flammable. Always follow the instructions on the relevant packaging.
Starter gas
The work must be carried out on a cold engine.

Fuel leaks and spillage on hot surfaces can cause
fire.
WARNING!
Never use starter gas or similar agents to help
start the engine. This can cause an explosion in
the intake manifold and possible injury.
OPM 210 en-GB
Store used rags and other flammable materials

safely so as to avoid spontaneous combustion.
6
Safety precautions for maintenance

and repair
Batteries
WARNING!
Switch off the engine

Always switch off the engine before carrying out
maintenance and repair work, unless otherwise
indicated.
The batteries contain and form oxyhydrogen gas,

particularly during charging. Oxyhydrogen gas
is flammable and highly explosive.
Make it impossible to start the engine: Remove

any starter key, or cut the power using the main
power switch or battery master switch and lock
them.
There must be no smoking, naked flames or

sparks near the batteries or the battery compartment. Incorrect connection of a battery cable or
jump lead can cause a spark, which can cause the
battery to explode.
Fix a warning plate somewhere appropriate,

showing that work is being carried out on the engine.
Chemicals
WARNING!
WARNING!
Working with a running engine always poses a

safety risk. Parts of the body, clothes or dropped
tools can get caught in rotating parts and cause
injury.
Most chemicals such as glycol, anti-corrosive

agents, preservative oils and degreasing agents,
are hazardous to health.
Some chemicals, such as preservative oil, are
also flammable.
Hot surfaces and fluids
Always follow the safety precautions on the relevant packaging.
WARNING!
Store chemicals and other materials which are

hazardous to health in approved containers,
marking them clearly and storing them where
they are inaccessible to unauthorised persons.
There is always a risk of sustaining burns when

an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine
manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, hot coolant
and oil in pipes and hoses.
Environment
Always hand in leftover and used chemicals to
an authorised waste disposal contractor.
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Lifting the engine
Electrical system
Always use the engine lifting eyes. Always

check that lifting accessories are in good condition and are designed to lift the weight.
The engine must be switched off and the power

disconnected using the master switch or battery
master switch before working on the electrical
system. External power supplies to extra equipment on the engine must also be disconnected.
Optional equipment on the engine can change

the centre of gravity. This means that it may be
necessary to use additional lifting devices to balance the engine correctly and lift it safely.
IMPORTANT!
Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and
electrical systems. Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of fire and explosion.
WARNING!
Never work underneath a suspended engine!
Electric welding
Batteries
IMPORTANT!
WARNING!
When carrying out welding work on and near the

engine, disconnect the battery and alternator
leads. Pull out the multi-pin connector for the engine control unit as well.
The batteries contain highly corrosive sulphuric

acid. Take care to protect your eyes, skin and
clothes when charging or handling batteries.
Wear protective gloves and goggles.
Connect the welding clamp close to the component to be welded. The welding clamp must not
be connected to the engine, or so that the current
can cross a bearing.
If sulphuric acid comes in contact with the skin:

Wash with soap and plenty of water. If it gets in
your eyes: Rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.
When welding is finished:

1. Connect the alternator and control unit ca-
bles first.
2. Then connect the batteries.
Environment
Always hand in used batteries to an authorised
waste disposal contractor.
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Fuel system
Lubrication system
WARNING!
WARNING!
Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear

protective gloves and goggles when changing
hot oil.
Always wear protective goggles when testing injectors. Fuel escaping at high pressure can penetrate tissues and cause serious injury.
Make sure that there is no pressure in the lubrication system before starting work on it.
Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and

electrical systems. Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of fire and explosion.
The oil filler cap must always be in place when

starting and running the engine to prevent oil being ejected.
Before starting
Ensure that all guards are in place before starting
the engine. Ensure that no tools or other objects
have been left on the engine.
Environment
Always hand in used oil to an authorised waste
disposal contractor.
WARNING!
The air filter must be fitted before starting the engine. Otherwise there is a risk of objects being
sucked into the compressor impeller or of injury
if you come into contact with the air filter.
Cooling system
WARNING!
Never open the coolant filler cap when the engine is hot. Hot coolant and steam may spray out
and cause burns.
If the cap has to be opened do it slowly and carefully to release the pressure before removing the
cap. Wear gloves as the coolant is still very hot.
Environment
Always hand in used coolant to an authorised
waste disposal contractor.
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Certification
An emissions certified engine fulfils the emissions requirements for a particular range of application.
On each emissions certified engine there is a label which shows which requirements the engine
fulfils. Scania guarantees that each such engine
fulfils the emissions requirements for the range
of application for which it is certified.
The following are required for the certified engine to fulfil the emissions requirements once it
has been taken into service:
Maintenance is to be carried out in accordance with the instructions in this Operator's
manual.
Maintenance and repairs of injection equipment are to be carried out by an authorised
Scania workshop.
The engine may only be modified with equipment that has been approved by Scania.
Seals may be broken and setting data edited
only once approval has been granted by Scania. Modifications may be made by authorised personnel only.
Modifications affecting the exhaust and intake systems must be approved by Scania.
Otherwise, the instructions in the Operator's
manual for the running and maintenance of the
engine shall apply. The safety precautions on the
following pages must be observed.
IMPORTANT!
For Scania to guarantee that the engine corresponds to its certified configuration, and take responsibility for any damage and injuries that
occur, maintenance must be carried out as above.
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Engine data plate
Engine data plate

The engine data plate indicates, in the form of a
code, the engine type, its size and applications. It
also indicates the engine type power range and
operating speed. The engine EU type approval
for exhaust emissions is indicated under Output,
where applicable.
The engine power is stated on a plate which is located on the engine control unit.
The engine serial number is stamped onto the top
of the cylinder block at the front right.
Example: DC13 074A

DC
Supercharged diesel engine with air-cooled charge air cooler.
13
Displacement in whole dm3.
074
Performance and certification code. The code indicates, together
with the application code, the normal gross engine output.
A
Code for application. A means for general industrial use.
Made b y
Type
DC13 074A
Engine No
1234567
2100
r pm .
r pm .
350 594
Output . 257-368 kW
Output .
kW
Example of an engine data plate
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11
Component identification
Component identification
1
10
4
5
11
15
13 12
14
The illustrations show a normal version of a DC13 engine. The engine ordered may have different equipment.
Note:
The water separating prefilter for the fuel is located between the fuel tank and engine.
1. Turbocharger
9. Engine data plate
2. Oil cooler
10. Fuel filter
3. Oil filler
11. Fuel pump with hand pump
4. Engine serial number on the cylinder
12. Starter motor
block
5. Oil filter
6. Coolant pump
7. Valve for draining coolant
8. Centrifugal oil cleaner
OPM 210 en-GB
13. Oil dipstick

14. Oil plug
15. Engine control unit
12
318 017
7
8
318 018
Starting and running
If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine

has not been used for a long time, bleed the fuel
system.
Note:
When the engine is started for the first time, carry out the maintenance items listed under First
start in the maintenance schedule. See the Maintenance section.
WARNING!
Never use starter gas or similar agents to help
start the engine. An explosion may occur in the
intake manifold with a risk of personal injury.
Always check the following before running:
Only start the engine in a well ventilated area.

When the engine is run in an enclosed space,
there must be effective devices to extract exhaust
gases and crankcase gases.
oil level
coolant
fuel level
electrolyte level in batteries
state of charge of the batteries
condition of the drive belt.
IMPORTANT!
Checks before running
The starter motor must only be cranked twice for

30 seconds at a time. After that, it must rest for at
least 5 minutes before the next attempt to start it.
Carry out daily maintenance as described in the

maintenance schedule prior to operation. See the
Maintenance section.
Starting at low temperatures and at

high altitudes
WARNING!
Take the local environmental requirements into

account. Use a fuel heater and engine heater to
avoid starting problems and white smoke.

Scania recommends that an engine heater should

be used if the engine will be used at temperatures
below -10C or at an altitude of more than 2,000
metres.
Starting the engine
A low engine speed and a moderate load on a

cold engine limits white smoke, gives better
combustion and warms up the engine more
quickly than warming it up with no load.
For environmental reasons the Scania engine has

been developed to be started with a low fuel feed.
Using unnecessarily large amounts of fuel when
starting the engine always results in emissions of
unburnt fuel.
Avoid running it longer than necessary at idling

speed.
1. Open the fuel cock if fitted.

2. Disengage the engine.
3. If the engine has a battery master switch:
Connect the power using the battery master

switch.
4. Start the engine.
OPM 210 en-GB
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Running
Throttle opening fault, but the idling switch is

working:
Check instruments and warning lamps at regular

intervals.
The throttle opening value can be increased

slowly between 0 and 50% by using the idling
switch.
Engine speed range
CAN fault:
600-750 rpm
The engine is switched off if the shutdown

function is activated.
Low idling up to
2,100 rpm
2,100-2,600 rpm
2,600-3,000 rpm
Low idling. Engine idling is

controlled by the engine
management system.
Engine operating speed
range. Controlled by the
engine management system.
Unsuitable operating speed,
but a slightly higher engine
speed than the normal maximum operating speed may
occur when load is low or
negative.
Prohibited engine speed.
Driving at high altitude

When driving at high altitudes engine power is
reduced automatically due to the lower oxygen
content in the air. It is then not possible to run the
engine at maximum power.
Note:
Driving at a higher height than 4,000 metres
above sea level is only permitted if it has first
been approved by Scania.
Limp home mode

If there is a fault in the normal throttle opening or
if CAN communication is interrupted, the following emergency operation option is provided:
A CAN fault or throttle opening fault in an allspeed engine (both signal and idling switch):
The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at normal idling speed.
The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at raised idling speed (750
rpm) if this function is activated.
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Coolant temperature
Oil pressure
Normal coolant temperature during operation is

80-90C/176-194F.
Information about the normal oil pressure and

lowest permitted oil pressure is contained in the
section headed Technical Data.
Alarm levels are set in the engine control unit.

The default setting for the lowest and highest
limit values for high coolant temperature are
95C/203F and 105C/221F respectively.
The engine management system has the following alarm levels:

At an engine speed below 1,000 rpm and an
oil pressure below 0.7 bar/10.2 psi.
At an engine speed above 1,000 rpm and an
oil pressure below 2.5 bar/36.3 psi for longer
than 3 seconds.
The high coolant temperature alarm has the following functions:

Alarm only.
Alarm and torque reduction at the lowest limit value.
Alarm at the lowest limit value and engine
shutdown at the highest limit value.
Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit
value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value.
Alarm at the lowest limit value and engine
shutdown at the highest limit value with the
possibility of engine shutdown override control.
Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit
value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value, with the possibility of engine shutdown override control.
The incorrect oil pressure alarm has the following functions:
Alarm only.
Alarm and torque reduction by 30%.
Alarm and engine shutdown.
Alarm and engine shutdown override control.
Note:
High oil pressure (above 6 bar/87 psi) is normal
if the engine is cold when started
Charging indicator lamp

If the lamp comes on during operation:
If run for extended periods under an extremely

light load, the engine may have difficulty in
maintaining the coolant temperature. At an increased load the coolant temperature rises to the
normal value.
Check and adjust the alternator drive belts as

described under the corresponding maintenance item. See the Maintenance section.
If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this
could be due to an alternator fault or a fault in the
electrical system.
IMPORTANT!
An excessively high coolant temperature can
damage the engine.
Belt transmission
When the belt transmission is new, it may make
a squeaking noise when running. The noise is
normal and disappears after 50-100 hours of operation.
The noise does not affect the service life of the
belt transmission.
OPM 210 en-GB
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Engine shutdown
Checks after running
1. Run the engine without a load for a few min-
WARNING!
utes if it has been run continuously with a

heavy load.
2. Switch off the engine.

Note:
The battery voltage must remain on for a few
seconds after the 15 voltage is switched off so
that the control units can store the values and
switch to standby mode.
There is always a risk of sustaining burns when

an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are turbochargers, oil sumps, hot coolant and oil in pipes
and hoses.
10 prohibited engine shutdowns will cause a

torque reduction (70% of fuel quantity). Reset
the engine by switching it off correctly once.
1. Check that the power supply has been cut.

2. Fill the fuel tank. Make sure that the filler
cap and the area round the filler opening are

clean to avoid contamination of the fuel.
3. If there is a risk of freezing, the cooling system must contain enough glycol.
4. If the temperature is below 0C/32F: Prepare for the next start by connecting the engine heater (if fitted).
IMPORTANT!
There is risk of post boiling and of damage to the
turbocharger if the engine is switched off without cooling.
The power must not be switched off before the
engine has stopped.
IMPORTANT!
Check the coolant level following the first start.
Top up if necessary.
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Maintenance
Maintenance
IMPORTANT!
The maintenance programme covers a number of

points that are divided into the following sections:
On delivery a Scania engine is optimised for its

application. However, regular maintenance is
necessary to:
Lubrication system
Cooling system
Air cleaner
Miscellaneous
prevent unplanned stops

extend the service life of the engine
maximise the long-term emission performance of the engine
give the best possible operating economy.
WARNING!
The maintenance programme includes the following:
S maintenance: Minimum basic maintenance.
M maintenance: More extensive maintenance.
L maintenance: Includes nearly all maintenance items.
XL maintenance: Includes all maintenance
items.
During a period, the sequence is S-M-S-L-S-MS-L-S-M-S-XL.
XL
L
M
S
1000
1500
M
S
2000
2500
3000
M
S
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
313 153
500
OPM 210 en-GB
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Maintenance
Engines with few hours of operation

IMPORTANT!
On engines with few hours of operation, maintenance must be carried out annually or every 5
years.
Stand-by generator sets and the like that are not
used regularly should be test run and checked in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
The following maintenance items must be carried out once the engine has been warmed up to
operating temperature.
1. Checking oil level.
2. Checking coolant level.
3. Checking the vacuum indicator.
4. Checking fuel level.
5. Check for engine leaks.
OPM 210 en-GB
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Maintenance
Maintenance intervals
Daily
Lubrication system
Checking oil level
Changing the oil
Cleaning the centrifugal oil
cleaner
Renewing the oil filter
Cooling system
Checking coolant level
Checking antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
Cleaning the cooling system and
changing coolant
Air cleaner
Reading the vacuum indicator
Renewing the filter element
Renewing the safety cartridge
Fuel system
Checking fuel level
Renewing the fuel filter
Miscellaneous
Checking the drive belt
Checking for leaks
Checking and adjusting the valve
clearance
OPM 210 en-GB
First time at
first start 500
R
Interval (hours)
500 1,000 2,000 6,000
S
M
L
XL
At least
annu- every
ally
5
years
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
19
Lubrication system
Lubrication system
Oil grade
Scania LDF stands for the Scania Long Drain
Field test standard. Scania LDF oils have been
carefully selected after extensive testing. The approval is only granted to the highest quality engine oils available on the market.
Recommended oil
Scania Oil LDF
Scania Oil LDF-2
Scania Oil LDF-3
Scania Oil E7
The engine oil must fulfil the following quality
requirements:
ACEA E5/API CI-4
ACEA E7/API CI-4 +
For engines not run on low-sulphur fuel, the
TBN (Total Base Number) should be at least
12 (ASTM D2896).
Oils with a low ash content (ACEA E9/API
CJ4) are not recommended.
Check with your oil supplier that the oil meets
these requirements.
If the engine is used in areas of the world where
lubricating oil with ACEA or API classification
is not available, the oil grade must be measured
in actual operation. In this case contact the nearest Scania workshop.
For operation at extremely low outdoor temperatures: Consult your nearest Scania representative
on how to avoid starting difficulties.
Viscosity class
SAE 20W-30
SAE 30
SAE 40
SAE 50
SAE 5W-30
SAE 10W-30
SAE 15W-40
OPM 210 en-GB
Outdoor temperature
-15C (5F)
- +30C (86F)
-10C (14F)
- +30C (86F)
-5C (23F)
- > +45C (113F)
0C (32F)
- > +45C (113F)
< -40C (-40F)
- +30C (86F)
-25C (-13F)
- +30C (86F)
-20C (-4F)
- > +45C (113F)
20
Lubrication system
Oil analysis
To be able to extend the oil change intervals using an oil analysis, Scania LDF-2 and LDF-3 oils
must be used.
Oil companies can offer analysis of the engine
oil.
The following conditions must remain fulfilled
when the oil is changed.
Viscosity at 100C (212F): max. 20% of
original value of the fresh oil.
TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739): >
3.5
TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739): >
TAN (in accordance with ASTM D664)
Soot (DIN 51452): < 3%
Such analysis measures the oil's TBN (Total
Base Number), TAN (Total Acid Number), fuel
dilution, water content, viscosity and the quantity of particles and soot in the oil.
The result of a series of analyses is used as the
basis for establishing a suitable oil change interval.
If the conditions are changed, a new oil analysis
programme must be carried out to establish new
change intervals.
Checking oil level
Checking the oil level with the engine

switched off
Note:
Leave the engine off for at least 1 minute before
checking the oil level.
312 506
1. Remove the oil dipstick (1) and check the oil
level. The correct level is between the minimum and maximum marks on the oil dipstick.
2. Top up with more oil (2) when the oil level is
at or below the lower mark.
Information on the correct oil type is found under
the heading Oil grade.
OPM 210 en-GB
21
Lubrication system
Changing the oil

WARNING!
Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear
protective gloves and goggles when changing
hot oil. Make sure that there is no pressure in the
lubrication system before starting work on it.
The oil filler cap must always be in place when
starting and running the engine to prevent oil being ejected.
314 603
Note:
Renew the oil filter and clean the centrifugal oil
cleaner when changing oil.
Change oil more often if the engine is subjected
to particularly demanding operation, such as a
dusty environment, or if deposits in the centrifugal oil cleaner are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in).
Max. 45 litres (11.9 US gallons).

Min. 39 litres (10.3 US gallons).
Environment
Use a container to avoid spillage. Used oil must
be disposed of as specified in national and international law.
314 602
1. Unscrew the oil plug and drain the oil when
the engine is hot. In certain engines the oil is

pumped out by means of a bilge pump.
When draining with the valve, the oil should
be hot. Alternatively, use a pump. This so
that draining occurs more quickly.
2. Clean the magnet on the oil plug.
3. Refit the oil plug.
4. Top up with oil.
5. Check the level on the oil dipstick.
Max. 34 litres (9 US gallons).

Min. 28 litres (7.4 US gallons).
30
30
30
Maximum angles of inclination during operation
30
25
Maximum permissible angles during operation

vary, depending on the type of oil sump; see illustration.
25
30
30
35
45
OPM 210 en-GB
22
45
343 839
35
Lubrication system
Labels for top-up engine oil

grade
When changing oil it is important to use the correct engine oil grade.
The oil filler cap must be clearly marked with a
label showing the top-up oil grade.
336 492
If the label is missing or if the engine oil grade is

changed, a new label must be fitted.
353 114
Filling label in the cylinder block.
Filling label in the rocker cover.
Parts
Oil grade
Colour
Scania LDF-2
Scania LDF-3
Scania LDF
ACEA E7
Scania Low Ash
Scania Bioethanol
Scania BEO-2
ACEA E9
Blue
Red
Grey
White
Green
Black
Orange
-
OPM 210 en-GB
Part No.
Filling in the cylinder
block
2 132 424
2 132 426
2 269 345
2 132 425
2 132 427
2 132 428
2 258 841
2 132 429
23
Part No.
Filling in the rocker cover
2 296 064
2 296 066
2 296 071
2 296 065
2 296 067
2 296 068
2 296 070
2 296 069
Lubrication system
Cleaning the centrifugal oil

cleaner
Illustration
340 130
Designation
Torque wrench 2-20 Nm with exchangeable ratchet head
When cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner there

will be some dirt deposits in the rotor cover. If
this is the case, this indicates that the rotor is
working. If it is clean and not working, the cause
must be established immediately.
If the dirt deposit exceeds 28 mm at the recommended intervals, the rotor cover should be
cleaned more often.
WARNING!
x 1.5
The oil may be hot. Carefully remove the cover

from the centrifugal oil cleaner.
1. Clean the cover. Unscrew the nut securing
133 315
the outer cover.

2. Let the oil run out from the rotor.
3. Lift out the rotor. Wipe off the outside. Undo
the rotor nut and unscrew it about 1.5 turns to
protect the bearing.
Note:
Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.
OPM 210 en-GB
24
Lubrication system
4. If the rotor nut is difficult to get loose, turn
the rotor upside down and fasten the rotor nut

in a vice. Turn the rotor anti-clockwise
1.5 turns by hand or use an M20 nut, see illustration.
M20
IMPORTANT!
x 1.5
133 316
The rotor must not be put in a vice. Never strike

the rotor cover. This may cause damage resulting
in imbalance.
5. Remove the rotor cover by holding the rotor
133 317
in both hands and tapping the rotor nut

against the table. Never strike the rotor directly as this may damage its bearings.
OPM 210 en-GB
25
Lubrication system
6. Remove the strainer from the rotor cover. If
127 878
the strainer is stuck, insert a screwdriver between the rotor cover and strainer and carefully prise them apart.
7. Remove the paper insert and scrape away
333 044
any remaining dirt deposits inside the rotor

cover. If the deposits are thicker than 28 mm,
the centrifugal oil cleaner must be cleaned
more often.
8. Wash all parts.

9. Inspect the 2 nozzles on the rotor. Ensure that
333 037
they are not blocked or damaged. Renew any

damaged nozzles.
10. Check that the bearings are undamaged.
OPM 210 en-GB
26
Lubrication system
11. Fit a new paper insert on the inside of the ro-
tor cover.
337 178
OPM 210 en-GB
27
Lubrication system
12. Fit the strainer onto the rotor.

13. Fit a new O-ring by sliding it over the strain-
127 881
er.
14. Refit the rotor cover. Ensure that the O-ring
is not outside the cover.
15. Tighten the rotor nut by hand.
16. Check that the shaft is not damaged or loose.
Note:
Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.
17. Refit the rotor and rotate it by hand to make
127 882
sure it rotates easily.
OPM 210 en-GB
28
Lubrication system
18. Fit a new O-ring in the cover. Refit the cover
and tighten the lock nut.

IMPORTANT!
To reduce the risk of oil leakage it is important to

tighten the cover to the correct tightening torque.
From engine serial number 6 841 928:
Tightening torque 20 Nm.
Older engine serial number:
Tightening torque 15 Nm.
333 043
Note:
A torque wrench together with a ratchet head is
suitable for use during maintenance of the centrifugal oil cleaner.
Operational testing
Operational testing need only be carried out if it
is suspected that the centrifugal oil cleaner is not
working properly. For example, if there is an abnormally small amount of deposit in the centrifugal oil cleaner in relation to the distance driven.
The rotor rotates very fast and should continue to
turn when the engine has stopped.
1. Run the engine until it is warm.
2. Turn off the engine and listen for the sound
OPM 210 en-GB
333 039
from the rotor. Use your hand to feel if the

filter housing is vibrating.
3. If the filter housing is not vibrating, dismantle and check the centrifugal oil cleaner.
29
Lubrication system
Renewing the oil filter

Illustration
118 268
Designation
Hexagon socket, 1/2 drive, 36 mm
IMPORTANT!
Only use a Scania oil filter.
IMPORTANT!
Clean the centrifugal oil cleaner when renewing
the oil filter. Otherwise, the oil filter will be
blocked and resistance in the filter will increase.
If this happens, an overflow valve in the filter retainer opens and lets the oil pass without being
filtered.
312 503
1. Unscrew the filter with the socket.
IMPORTANT!
Do not use an adjustable spanner or other open
tool as there is risk of damaging the filter cover.
2. Lift out the filter housing cover with filter el-
OPM 210 en-GB
312 502
ement. The filter housing will drain automatically once the filter has been removed.
3. Detach the old filter from the cover by holding the cover and carefully tapping the entire
filter element against something hard. Remember that there will be oil splashes.
4. Fit the new filter and tighten the filter cover
to 25 Nm (18 lbf/ft).
30
Cooling system
Cooling system
Coolant resistance to cold

The following example shows coolant properties
with 30 percent by volume of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor:
Coolant
Ice slush starts to form at -16C (3F).

At -30C (-22F), there is a risk of cooling
system malfunction.
There is no risk of damage by freezing with a
minimum antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
content of 35 percent by volume.
WARNING!
Ethylene glycol can be fatal if ingested and can
cause skin irritation and eye damage.
The coolant recommended by Scania is a mixture of water with antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor (ethylene glycol). The coolant has several
characteristics which are important for the operation of the cooling system:
The chart depicts coolant properties at different

percents of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
concentration by volume.
0
10
20
30
50 %
40
-10
-16
The coolant should always contain 35-55% by

volume of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor so
that the coolant properties ensure that the coolant
works correctly.
-20
-30
-40
-50
Note:
The coolant should be changed when the cooling
system is cleaned: every 6,000 hours or at least
every 5 years. Refer to Changing coolant.
OPM 210 en-GB
Curve A:
Curve B:
Area 1:
Area 2:
312 505
Corrosion inhibitor
Antifreeze
Increases the boiling point
Ice formation starts (ice slush)

Damage by freezing occurs
Safe area
Malfunctions may occur (ice
slush)
Area 3: Risk of damage by freezing
31
Cooling system
Antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor concentration table

35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides
sufficient protection against corrosion.
Example:
1. The total volume of the cooling system is 40
litres in this example.

2. The measured concentration of ethylene glycol is 35% by volume (freezing point -21
C). According to the table there are 14 litres
of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.
3. The required concentration of ethylene glycol is 45% by volume (freezing point -30
C). According to the table, 18 litres of ethylene glycol are required in the cooling system.
4. Since there are already 14 litres in the cooling system, 4 litres of ethylene glycol must
be added to the cooling system (18 - 14 = 4
litres).
For calculation
Volume of ethylene glycol
(%)
Ice slush forms (C)
Volume of ethylene glycol (litres)
OPM 210 en-GB
20
-6
5
6
8
9
11
12
14
15
17
18
20
21
23
24
26
27
29
30
25
-9
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
30
-12
8
10
13
15
18
20
23
25
28
30
33
35
38
40
43
45
48
50
Adequate protection against corrosion

Cooling system
35
40
45
50
60 volume (litres)
-21
-24
-30
-38
-50
11
12
14
15
18
30
14
16
18
20
24
40
18
20
23
25
30
50
21
24
27
30
36
60
25
28
32
35
42
70
28
32
36
40
48
80
32
36
41
45
54
90
35
40
45
50
60
100
39
44
50
55
66
110
42
48
54
60
72
120
46
52
59
65
78
130
49
56
63
70
84
140
53
60
68
75
90
150
56
64
72
80
96
160
60
68
77
85
102
170
63
72
81
90
108
180
67
76
86
95
114
190
70
80
90
100 120
200
32
Cooling system
Antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor concentration table

35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides
sufficient protection against corrosion.
Example:
1. The total volume of the cooling system is
10.6 US gallons in this example.

2. The measured concentration of ethylene glycol is 35% by volume (freezing point -6F).
According to the table there are 3.7 US gallons of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.
3. The required concentration of ethylene glycol is 45% by volume (freezing point -22F).
According to the table, 4.8 US gallons of ethylene glycol are required in the cooling system.
4. Since the cooling system already contains
3.7 US gallons, fill another 1.1 US gallons of
ethylene glycol in the cooling system (4.8 3.7 = 1.1 US gallons).
For calculation
(%)
Ice slush forms (F)

(US gallons)
OPM 210 en-GB
20
21
1.3
1.6
2.1
2.4
2.9
3.2
3.7
4
4.5
4.8
5.3
5.5
6.1
6.3
6.9
7.1
7.7
7.9
25
16
1.6
2.1
2.6
3.2
3.7
4.2
4.8
5.3
5.8
6.3
6.9
7.4
7.9
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.6
30
10
2.1
2.6
3.4
4
4.8
5.3
6.1
6.6
7.4
7.9
8.7
9.2
10
10.6
11.4
11.9
12.7
13.2
Adequate protection against corrosion

Cooling system
35
40
45
50
60 volume (US gal-6
-11
-22
-36
-58 lons)
2.9
3.2
3.7
4
4.8
7.9
3.7
4.2
4.8
5.3
6.3
10.6
4.8
5.3
6.1
6.6
7.9
13.2
5.5
6.3
7.1
7.9
9.5
15.9
6.6
7.4
8.5
9.2 11.1
18.5
7.4
8.5
9.5 10.6 12.7
21.1
8.5
9.5 10.8 11.9 14.3
23.8
9.2 10.6 11.9 13.2 15.9
26.4
10.3 11.6 13.2 14.5 17.4
29.1
11.1 12.7 14.3 15.9
19
31.7
12.2 13.7 15.6 17.2 20.6
34.3
12.9 14.8 16.6 18.5 22.2
37
14
15.9
18
19.8 23.8
39.6
14.8 16.9
19
21.1 25.4
42.3
15.9
18
20.3 22.5 26.9
44.9
16.6
19
21.4 23.8 28.5
47.6
17.7 20.1 22.7 25.1 30.1
50.2
18.5 21.1 23.8 26.4 31.7
52.8
33
Cooling system
Checking coolant level
Checking antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
The following instructions apply to Scania expansion tanks. For other types of expansion
tanks, follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Designation
Refractometer
Illustration
WARNING!
305 523
Never open the coolant filler cap when the engine is hot. Hot coolant and steam may spray out
and cause burns.
138008
If the cap has to be opened do it slowly and carefully to release the pressure before removing the
cap. Wear gloves as the coolant is still very hot.
Note:
Use only pure fresh water that is free from particles, sludge and other impurities.
1. Open the expansion tank cap and check the
coolant level.
The right coolant level on a cold engine is
even with the lower edge of the filler neck.
The right coolant level on a hot engine is approximately 25 mm (1 in) over the lower
edge of the filler neck.
1. Pour a small amount of coolant into a con-
tainer and check that the coolant is pure and

clear.
2. Change the coolant if it is contaminated or
cloudy.
3. Measure the antifreeze content with a refractometer.
IMPORTANT!
Do not top up large quantities of coolant through
the expansion tank. Top up in accordance with
the instructions in the section headed Changing
coolant instead.
The following rules apply to ethylene glycolbased coolant:
Never fill a large amount of cold coolant in a hot

engine. There is great risk of cracks forming in
the cylinder block and cylinder heads
The antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor content

must be minimum 35 percent by volume for
corrosion protection to be sufficient.
An antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor content
greater than 55 percent by volume impairs the
ability to protect against frost.
If ice forms in the coolant, there are disruptions initially, but there is no immediate risk
of damage. The engine should not be subjected to heavy loads when ice starts to form.
Only pour pre-mixed coolant into the cooling

system.
2. Top up with coolant as necessary.
OPM 210 en-GB
34
Cooling system
Antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor

Only the product Scania coolant, or other products that are tested to provide proper antifreeze
and protection against corrosion for Scania, may
be used in Scania engines. Products that do not
satisfy the requirements for use in a Scania engine can result in faults in and damage to the
cooling system. This can lead to the invalidation
of Scania's warranty for faults and damage
caused by the use of inappropriate coolant.
The antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor used in
Scania engines should be of the ethylene glycol
type.
Scania concentrate
Designation
Contents
Part No.
Coolant
Coolant
Coolant
Coolant
Antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor (concentrate)

1 894 323
1 894 324
1 894 325
1 894 326
Volume
litre
5
20
210
1,000
Volume
US gallons
1.3
5.3
55
264
Volume
US gallons
1.3
Scania Ready Mix

Designation
Contents
Part No.
Coolant
Scania antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor Ready Mix

50/50
50/50
50/50
50/50
1 921 955
Volume
litre
5
1 921 956
20
5.3
1 921 957
210
55
1 896 695
1,000
264
Coolant
Coolant
Coolant
OPM 210 en-GB
35
Cooling system
Changing coolant
IMPORTANT!
Mix the coolant as specified under the section
Coolant.
Draining coolant
1. Remove the expansion tank cap.
2. Drain the coolant at the following two
points:
Lowest point of the cylinder block.
The lowest point of the cooling system.
3. Close the drain taps.
Environment
Avoid spillage and use a suitable container. Used
coolant must be disposed of as specified in national and international law.
OPM 210 en-GB
36
Cooling system
Filling coolant
Illustration
333 980
Designation
Coolant trolley
IMPORTANT!
When it is necessary to fill a large quantity of
coolant, it must be pumped in from underneath.
This is to ensure that air does not get into the
cooling system, which can cause the coolant
pump to overheat.
1. Use a Scania coolant trolley, or other suitable
equipment, to fill with coolant through the

drain valve on the cylinder block. This facilitates the venting of the engine.
2. Start the engine when the cooling system has
been filled. Allow the engine to run for a
while. Then check the coolant level and top
up with coolant as necessary.
3. Air pockets may still be left in the cooling
system, which will disappear after the engine
has been operated for a period of time. It
may, therefore, need some topping up to start
with.
OPM 210 en-GB
37
Cooling system
Cleaning the cooling system
External: Cleaning the radiator and

charge air cooler
1. Check that the radiator and the charge air
WARNING!
cooler are not clogged on the air side and that

the cooling fins are not damaged.
2. Carefully scrape away any deposits from the
radiator cooling fins. Use a paraffin-based
engine cleaner if necessary.
3. Carefully straighten bent cooling fins using a
steel brush or the like.
To ensure proper handling of cooling system detergent, study the warning text on the package.
IMPORTANT!
Do not use caustic soda or other alkaline detergent as this could damage the aluminium.
Note:
Clean the cooling system more often than specified in the maintenance interval if necessary.
OPM 210 en-GB
38
Cooling system
Internal: Removing oil and grease
Internal: Removing deposits
1. Run the engine until it has reached operating
1. Run the engine until it has reached operating
temperature and then drain the cooling system.

2. Remove the thermostats.
3. Fill the system with clean, hot water mixed
with liquid dishwasher detergent intended
for household machines. Concentration 1%
(0.1/10 litres).
4. Warm up the engine for approximately 2030 minutes. Remember to switch on the cab
heating system, if one is installed.
5. Drain the cooling system.
6. Fill the system with clean, hot water and run
the engine for about 20-30 minutes.
7. Drain the water from the cooling system.
8. Refit the thermostats.
9. Fill the cooling system with new coolant following the specification under Coolants earlier in the document.
temperature and then drain the cooling system.

2. Remove the thermostats.
3. Fill the system with clean, hot water mixed
with some commercially available radiator
detergent which is based on sulphamic acid
and contains dispersing agents. Follow the
manufacturer's instructions for the concentration and cleaning period.
4. Run the engine for the specified time. Remember to switch on the cab heating system,
if one is installed.
5. Drain the cooling system.
6. Fill the cooling system with clean, hot water
and run the engine for about 20-30 minutes.
7. Drain the water from the cooling system.
8. Refit the thermostats.
9. Fill the system with new coolant following
the specification under Coolants earlier in
the document.
Environment
Environment


OPM 210 en-GB
39
Air cleaner
Air cleaner
Reading the vacuum indicator
326 671
If the indicator's red plunger is fully visible, renew the air cleaner filter element following the
instructions.
Renewing the filter element

WARNING!
Never start the engine without the air filter as this
could cause injury and severe engine damage.
Note:
Renew the filter element earlier than the maintenance interval if the indicator shows red.
336 100
There is always a risk that the filter element will

be damaged when it is cleaned.
The filter element must not be cleaned in water
or be blown clean with compressed air.
A Vacuum gauge.
1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.
B Filter element.
2. Renew the filter element.

3. Carry out a check by inserting an inspection
lamp into the element and checking from the

outside that there are no holes or cracks in the
filter paper.
4. Assemble the air cleaner.
5. Reset the vacuum indicator by pressing the
button.
OPM 210 en-GB
40
Air cleaner
Renewing the safety cartridge

IMPORTANT!
When renewing the safety cartridge, take great
care to ensure that no dirt or other impurities get
into the engine. Do not remove the safety cartridge unnecessarily.
1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.
2. Remove the filter element.
3. Remove the safety cartridge.
4. Fit a new, genuine safety cartridge.
5. Renew or clean the filter element.
6. Assemble the air cleaner.
OPM 210 en-GB
41
Fuel system
Fuel system
Checking fuel level

Check the fuel level and top up with fuel as
necessary.
IMPORTANT!
Note:
The fuel system must be bled if the tank has been
run dry. Refer to the Bleeding the fuel system
section.
The whole fuel system is very sensitive to dirt

and even very small particles. Foreign particles
in the system can cause serious malfunctions. It
is therefore very important that everything is as
clean as possible when work is carried out on the
fuel system. Before starting work on the fuel system, the engine must be washed. If possible, a
hot water wash should be used.
It is strictly forbidden to carry out any machining
work or work with compressed air near an open
fuel system.
Be extra careful and always use clean, lint-free
and dust-free clothes and gloves when working
on the fuel system. Scania recommends using
Tegera 848 gloves.
Clean tools before they are used and do not use
any worn or chrome-plated tools. Material and
flakes of chrome may come off.
Clean connections and the surrounding area before removal. When cleaning, cloths or paper
which shed fibres must not be used. Use clean
and lint-free cloths.
Plug or cover the connections during removal.
Also clean the connections before fitting the
components. Removed components should be
placed on a thoroughly cleaned, dust-free surface. Cover with a lint-free cloth.
OPM 210 en-GB
42
Fuel system
Renewing the fuel filter

Illustration
118 268
Designation
Hexagon socket, 1/2 drive, 36 mm
IMPORTANT!
Fit the filter elements in the filter covers before
placing them in the fuel filter housings or the filter elements may be damaged.
1. Unscrew the filter cover with the socket.
2. Lift out the filter cover and filter element.
The filter housing will drain automatically.

This applies only if the fuel tank is lower
than the engine. Otherwise the fuel shut-off
cock must be closed first.
3. Undo the removed filter element from the
cover by carefully bending it to one side.
4. Renew the O-ring in the cover. Lubricate the
314 824
O-ring with O-ring grease.

5. Check that the filter housing is drained of fuel. Contaminated fuel may enter the injectors
if the drainage does not work.
6. Press a new filter element into the snap fastener in the cover.
7. Fit the filter element and cover in the filter
housing. Tighten the cover to 25 Nm (18.4
lbf/ft).
8. Bleed the fuel system after renewing the water separating filter.
Environment
fuel must be disposed of as specified in national
and international law.
OPM 210 en-GB
43
Fuel system
Renewing the water separating fuel filter
1. Close the shut-off cock in the fuel pipe and
position a container under the filter.

2. Open the drain tap in the filter cover and let
the fluid run down into the container.
3. Unscrew the filter cover.
4. Unscrew the filter from the filter head.
5. Discard the old filter and use a new filter.
6. Lubricate the O-ring in the filter cover with
engine oil.
7. Screw the filter cover onto the new filter by
hand. Make sure that the drain tap is fully
closed.
8. Lubricate the O-ring on the filter with engine
oil.
9. Fill the width of the filter with clean fuel.
10. Screw the filter into position until the O-ring
rests against the filter head. Tighten the filter
another 1/2-3/4 turn by hand.
11. Open the shut-off cock and check the system
for leaks.
12. Bleed the fuel system.
OPM 210 en-GB
316 148
1 Shut-off cock.
2 Drain tap.
44
Fuel system
Bleeding the fuel system

1. Attach a clear plastic hose to the bleed nipple
on the fuel filter housing (1). Place the end of

the plastic hose in a container that holds at
least 3 litres (0.8 US gallons).
2. Open the bleed nipple and pump with the
hand pump until fuel comes out of the hose.
If the fuel system is empty, it is necessary to
pump approximately 100 strokes in order to
draw up the fuel. Depending on the installation, a much greater number of pump strokes
may be required before fuel comes out.
3. Pump until fuel without air bubbles comes
out, approximately 20 strokes.
4. Close the bleed nipple and remove the hose.
314 909
5. Transfer the plastic hose to the fuel manifold
bleed nipple (2).

6. Open the fuel manifold ventilating valve.
7. Pump with the hand pump until fuel without
air bubbles comes out, approximately 50
strokes.
8. Close the bleed nipple on the fuel manifold
and remove the plastic hose.
9. Pump approximately 20 strokes with the
hand pump until the overflow valve opens. A
hissing sound should be heard.
10. Start the engine. The engine should be easy
to start.
OPM 210 en-GB
45
Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous
Checking the drive belt
IMPORTANT!
Refit the drive belt with the same direction of rotation as it had before removal.
312158
Check the drive belt thoroughly, particularly at

the idler rollers.
106 229
Check the drive belt for cracks.
The drive belt must be renewed if it has cracks.
OPM 210 en-GB
46
Miscellaneous
112 931
Check drive belt wear.
112 932
The drive belt is starting to become worn, but can be

refitted.
The belt is worn down to the cord. The drive belt

must be renewed.
Checking for leaks

Start the engine.
Check for oil, coolant, fuel, air or exhaust
leaks.
Tighten or renew leaking connections. Check
the overflow holes which show whether the
O-rings between the cylinder liners and
crankcase are leaking.
Check whether the drain hole on the coolant
pump is blocked. If there is a leak, renew the
seal in the pump or the complete coolant
pump.
IMPORTANT!
If serious leakage occurs, contact your nearest
Scania workshop.
OPM 210 en-GB
47
Miscellaneous
Checking and adjusting the

valve clearance
Special tools
Designation
Turning tool for rotating the flywheel from below.
99 109
Turning tool for rotating the flywheel from above. Can be used on newer
flywheels that are marked with TDC UP.
99 442
Setting tool
Illustration
138 773
312 733
142 238
Number
99 309
Designation
Torque screwdriver.
Illustration
341 423
WARNING!
Note:
Checking and adjusting valve clearances should
also be done one more time after the first 500
hours of operation. Then the normal interval will
follow (every 2,000 hours).
Valve adjustment should be carried out on a cold
engine.
OPM 210 en-GB
48
Miscellaneous
Checking and adjusting the valve

clearance
Check and adjust the valve clearance with the engine cold.
Specifications
Valve clearance, intake
valve
Valve clearance, exhaust valve
Tightening torque
Lock nut for valves
0.45 mm (0.018 in)

0.70 mm (0.028 in)
35 Nm (26 lbf/ft)
346 529
Max. clearance between two valves under the

same valve bridge is 0.2 mm.
Readings can be taken from the flywheel through

openings in the flywheel housing either from
above or below depending on access when fitting.
310 343
Note:
Valve transition occurs when the cylinder
switches from exhaust stroke to intake stroke.
The exhaust valve is closing while the intake
valve is opening.
Openings for taking readings on the flywheel housing.
Reading in the lower window:

Rotate the flywheel in the normal direction of rotation using turning tool 99 309. Read the mark
on the flywheel visible in the lower window of
the flywheel housing.
Reading in the upper window:
Fit turning tool 99 109 in the holes of the upper
window. Press the pinion into the external ring
gear and turn the flywheel with a ratchet handle
and a 14 mm socket. Read the mark on the flywheel in the upper window of the flywheel housing.
OPM 210 en-GB
49
Miscellaneous
Adjust valves according to the table below. Follow the respective column depending on whether
the reading is in the lower or the upper window.
Start adjustment at the top of the table.
6
319 705
Cylinder location.
Reading in the lower window of the flywheel

housing:
Mark on flywheel
TDC down
120
240
TDC Down
120
240
Valve transition on
cylinder
1
5
3
6
2
4
Adjust valves on cylinder

6
2
4
1
5
3
Adjust injector
Adjust valves on cylinder

6
2
4
1
5
3
Adjust injector
2
4
1
5
3
6
Reading from the upper window of the flywheel housing:

Mark on flywheel
TDC Up
300
60
TDC Up
300
60
Valve transition on
cylinder
1
5
3
6
2
4
It is a good idea to mark the rocker arm with a

pen after adjustment to keep track of what has already been adjusted.
IMPORTANT!
Remember to remove the flywheel rotation tool
after adjustment.
OPM 210 en-GB
50
2
4
1
5
3
6
Miscellaneous
Checking and adjusting the unit injector

Check and adjust the unit injector with the engine cold.
Tightening torque
Lock nut for unit injectors
39 Nm (29 lbf/ft)
WARNING!
When the unit injector is being checked and the
measurement is outside the setting dimension by
0.5 mm, it is necessary to be very careful when
handling this unit injector. The spring is pre-tensioned and can come loose, causing personal injury.
1. Fit the setting tool with the metal plate
314 831
around the unit injector.
1
2. When adjusting, loosen the lock nut and ad-
just the unit injector with the adjusting screw

(1). The unit injector is correctly set when the
small piston (2) is level with the flat upper
surface of the tool. Use a finger to check.
Differences measured in tenths of millimetres can be felt. The setting dimension is 69.9
0.1 mm.
314 832
OPM 210 en-GB
51
144 015
Miscellaneous
The setting tool piston is above or below the flat

The setting tool piston is level with the flat upper
upper surface of the tool. Adjust the unit injector. surface of the tool. The unit injector is correctly adjusted.
3. Tighten the lock nut after adjusting.
4. Remove the setting tool.
OPM 210 en-GB
52
Diesel
Diesel
Temperature dependency of
the fuel
Composition of the fuel
At temperatures lower than those specified for

the fuel, paraffin wax may precipitate from the
fuel and block filters and pipes. The engine can
then lose power or stop.
The composition of the fuel is extremely important for the operation and service life of the engine and injection system. The engine output and
exhaust gases are also dependent on the fuel
grade.
The fuel is adapted for use in the specific climate

of each country. If a vehicle or an engine is to be
operated in a temperature zone with a temperature lower than normal, first identify the temperature properties of that particular fuel.
The requirements and testing standards for the

most important characteristics are described in
the Workshop Manual which can be ordered
from Scania dealers or directly from Scania.
The properties of the fuel when cold can be improved by adopting one of the following measures before the temperature drops:
The fuel must conform to European standard

EN 590.
Install an electric fuel heater if this particular

fuel is not suitable for the expected temperature and no fuel is available with the correct
temperature properties.
Add 0.5-2% alcohol (isopropanol) to prevent
any water in the fuel from freezing and forming plugs of ice. Drain fuel tanks and drain or
renew fuel filters regularly.
The table shows some of the key properties.

Property
Viscosity at 40C (104F)
Density at 15C (59F)
Ignitability (CET rating)
Flashpoint
Requirement
2.0-4.5 cSt
0.82-0.86 cSt
minimum 49
56C (132F)
IMPORTANT!
Sulphur content of fuel
Mixing kerosene or other paraffins with the fuel

is prohibited. The injectors may be damaged.
A sulphur content of 0-2,000 ppm in the fuel

(0.2%) gives an oil change interval of up to
500 hours.
With a sulphur content of 2,000-4,000 ppm in
the fuel, the oil change interval is halved to
max. 250 hours.
Maximum permitted sulphur content in the
fuel is 4,000 ppm.
Mixing petrol with the fuel is prohibited. In the

long term petrol can cause wear in the injectors
and engine.
Responsibility
IMPORTANT!
The machine operator is responsible for using
the correct type of fuel to ensure that local laws
are complied with.
OPM 210 en-GB
53
Diesel
Biodiesel (FAME)
Use of fuel oil in stand-by

generator sets
Scania uses the term biodiesel according to the

EN 14214 standard to refer to renewable diesel
made from greases or oils and methanol. The
biodiesel should conform to the requirements of
European standard EN 14214. For biodiesel
EN 14214 the generic term FAME is frequently
used.
Long-term storage of diesel, where the diesel

comes into contact with water, may lead to the
growth of micro organisms (bacteria and fungus). To avoid this in fuel used in stand-by generator sets, i.e. ESP engines, Scania permits the
use of fuel oil according to DIN 51603-1 and
NORM C 1109.
All Scania engines are approved for diesel according to the EN 590 standard. EN 590 contains
up to 7% biodiesel in accordance with
EN 14214. PDE engines may use up to 100%
EN 14214 biodiesel.
Use of fuel oil is only permitted for ESP engines

and under the following conditions:
The fuel must not be stored or used in temperatures below -10C (14F).
The engine must not be equipped with an
SCR system.
Maintenance intervals
With a greater mixture of biodiesel than EN 590,
the renewal intervals for the following are
halved:
Definition of ESP
Fuel filter.
Oil filter.
Oil.
ESP is an output class for stand-by generator sets

in accordance with ISO 8528, which states that
stand-by generator sets may be used under varying loads for a maximum of 200 hours/year.
The oil viscosity must be xW-40.
ESP engines are intended for use as stand-by

power supplies in the efficient electrical networks in Europe, North and South America,
Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Taiwan.
OPM 210 en-GB
54
Preparing the engine for storage
Preparing the engine for

storage
Preservative fuel
Use diesel mixed with Lubrizol 560H or the
equivalent. Mix 1 cm3 (ml)/0.06 in3 Lubrizol
560H in 10 dm3/2.3 US gallons of fuel.
If the engine is not being used for an extended

period its cooling system, fuel system and combustion chamber and outside must be protected
against rust.
WARNING!
An alternative to preparing the engine for longterm storage is to start the engine and warm it up
every 6 months.
Lubrizol 560H contains aromatic hydrocarbons

which are hazardous to health.
Use spot extractors where there is a danger of
vapour build-up.
Wear protective goggles and gloves when
handling the fuel.
Do not use contaminated clothing.
If it gets in your eyes: Flush with a gentle jet
of water for at least 15 minutes and contact a
doctor.
If it gets on your skin: Wash with soap and
water.
If you inhale it: Fresh air, rest and warmth.
Store in well-sealed containers in a dry, cool,
place out of the reach of children.
Handling the engine

The engine can normally stand idle for up to 6
months without preparation. For longer periods
of downtime, the following measures should be
taken. These measures provide protection for approximately 4 years.
Preparations for storage:
Thoroughly clean the engine.
Run the engine for a specific period using
special preservative fuel, oil and coolant.
Otherwise prepare the engine for storage (filter renewal, lubrication, etc.).
Lubrizol is flammable and has a 2A fire rating.

The flashpoint is +27C/81F. In case of fire: Extinguish with carbon dioxide, powder or foam.
Preservative coolant
If the engine is to be stored with a full cooling
system, use coolant containing 50 percent glycol
by volume. Glycol without nitrite-based inhibitor should be used. Example: BASF G48 or
BASF D542.
Preservative oil
Suitable preservative oils are supplied by most
oil companies. Example: Dinitrol 40 or equivalent.
WARNING!
Ethylene glycol can be fatal if ingested. Avoid
contact with the skin.
OPM 210 en-GB
55
Preparations for storage
10. Drain the preservative oil from the engine.
Fill with new engine oil immediately or

when the engine is to be reused.
11. Drain the coolant if the engine is not to be
stored with coolant in the system. Plug and
tape all coolant connections if the engine is
to be stored without a cooling system.
12. Air cleaner: Clean or renew the filter element.
13. Cover air intakes and exhaust pipes.
14. Alternator and starter motor: Spray with water-repellent anti-corrosive oil, CRC 226,
LPS1 or the equivalent.
15. Spray the outside of bright engine parts, first
with penetrating preservative oil such as
Dinitrol 25B and then with Dinitrol 112 or
the equivalent.
Environment
Use a container to avoid spills when draining the
oil and coolant. Dispose of used fluids through
an authorised waste disposal contractor.
1. Drain and flush the cooling system. Top up
with preservative coolant.

2. Warm up the engine on normal fuel. Stop the
engine and drain the oil.
3. Renew the fuel filter.
4. Fill the engine with preservative oil up to the
minimum level on the oil dipstick.
5. Mix preservative fuel in a can. Detach the
fuel pipe at the feed pump suction line and
connect a hose from the can.
6. Detach the fuel pipe at the overflow valve
and connect a return hose to the can.
7. Start the engine and run it at about 1,000 rpm
for 20-25 minutes.
8. Stop the engine, remove the hoses and connect the normal fuel pipes.
9. Remove the rocker covers and lubricate the
valve mechanisms with plenty of preservative oil. Refit the rocker covers.
Clearly mark the engine with the storage preparation date, and state that the engine must not be
started or cranked.
Note:
Do not remove the injectors.
OPM 210 en-GB
56
Batteries
Storage
Remove the batteries and trickle charge them at

the battery charging station. This does not apply
to batteries specified as maintenance-free by the
manufacturer.
After the preparations, the engine should be

stored in a dry and warm place (room temperature).
The same applies to short-term storage, even if

the engine has not been prepared for storage as
above.
When the engine is to be taken into

operation again
1. Remove plugs and tape from coolant connec-
tions, air intakes and exhaust pipes.

2. Fill the cooling system with coolant. For
more information refer to Maintenance.
3. Check the oil level in the engine or top up
with fresh engine oil.
4. Lubricate the valve mechanisms and their
pushrods and valve tappets as well as the injector mechanisms with plenty of oil.
5. Drain the preservative fuel from the fuel
manifold and fuel filter.
6. Connect and bleed the fuel system. For more
information refer to Maintenance.
7. Wash off any preservative oil on the outside
using white spirit.
WARNING!
Wear gloves and protective goggles when charging and handling batteries. The batteries contain
a highly corrosive acid.
OPM 210 en-GB
57
Technical data
Technical data
General data
Number of cylinders and configuration
Working principle
Cylinder diameter (mm/in)
Piston stroke (mm/in)
Displacement (dm3/in3)
Firing sequence
Compression ratio
Engine direction of rotation viewed from rear
Fan direction of rotation viewed from front
Cooling
Valve clearances, cold engine:
Intake valve (mm/in)
Exhaust valve (mm/in)
Number of teeth on the flywheel
Low idling speed (rpm)
Maximum full-load speed (rpm)
Fuel
Approximate weight, without coolant and oil (kg/lb)
6, straight
4-stroke engine
130/5.12
160/6.30
12.7/775.0
1-5-3-6-2-4
17.3:1
Anti-clockwise
Clockwise
Coolant
0.45/0.02
0.70/0.03
158
500-1,050
2,100
Diesel
1,050/2,315
Lubrication system
Oil volume
Oil cleaning
Oil cooler
Oil filter
Interval between oil changes (h)
Oil pressure (bar)
Normal with the engine at operating temperature, operating speed
Minimum permitted at idling speed
Crankcase pressure with closed crankcase ventilation (mbar)
OPM 210 en-GB
58
See Maintenance
Centrifugal oil cleaning
Coolant cooled, full
flow
Paper filter from Scania
500
3-6
0.7
-5.4 to 2.0
Technical data
Injection system
Type
Control system
Fuel filter
Fuel filter with water separator
PDE (unit injector)

EMS
Cooling system
Coolant volume, excluding radiator (dm3/US gallons)
DC13 071A
Other engine types
17/4.5
16/4.2
Coolant volume, including radiator (dm3/US gallons)

DC13 071A
Other engine types
Coolant temperature (C/F)
Number of thermostats
Thermostat opening temperature (C/F)
39/10.3
38/10.0
90-95/194-203
1
80/176 and 87/189
Intake system
Permissible pressure drop in the intake system with cleaned or new filter (mbar)
Permissible pressure drop in the intake system with blocked (dirty) filter (mbar)
30
65
Electrical system
Type
Starter motor, standard equipment
Alternator, standard equipment
OPM 210 en-GB
1-pin, 24 V, DC
1-pin, 24 V, 5.5 kW
1-pin, 28 V, 100 A
59
Scania Assistance
Scania Assistance
Wherever you are, you can always get assistance
from the Scania service organisation, Scania Assistance, all day, every day of the year.
Always call the contact for your country.
AR
AT
AU
BE
BG
BR
CA
CH
CL
CZ
DE
DK
ES
FI
FR
GB
GR
HU
0800 999 722 642

+43 1 256 44 11
1300 SCANIA
1300 722642
+32 2 264 00 00
+359 886 660001
0800 019 42 24
+1-800-2-SCANIA
+41 800 55 24 00
188 800 722 642
+420 225 020 225
+49 261 887 8888
+45 333 270 44
+34 91 678 80 58
+358 10 555 24
+33 2 414 132 32
0 800 800 660
+44 1274 301260
+30 6944 420 410
+36 209 727 197
IE
IT
KR
LU
MA
MX
NL
NO
PL
PT
RO
SE
SK
TR
TZ
US
UY
ZA
+353 71 9634000
+39 0461 996 222
+82 1588 6575
+32 226 400 000
+34 91 678 92 13
01 800 4SCANIA
+31 70 4182666
+47 223 217 00
+48 602 622 465
+48 91 678 9247
+40 723 27 27 26
+46 42 100 100
+421 903 722 048
+90 212 335 04 40
+255 78 472 2642
1-800-2-SCANIA
0800 8351
0800 005 798
+27 11 661 9823
Other countries: +46 8 52 24 24 24

Note:
Calls will be recorded for training purposes.
OPM 210 en-GB
60

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Important information

Serious risk of injury

Start-up Report Warranty

Preparing the engine for storage . . . . . . . . . . .55

OPM 210 en-GB

Environment and safety

Environment and safety

Different types of advisory

All advisories preceded by Warning! are very

Scania develops and produces engines that are as

At the same time, we have been able to maintain

Block the starting device when working on the

Other green initiatives taken include ensuring

Advisories preceded by Important! warn of

OPM 210 en-GB

Environment and safety

Safety precautions for running the

This inspection should be done to detect fuel, oil

Use only fuel recommended in the Workshop

Use a container to avoid spillage.

The wrong fuel grade can cause breakdowns or

Warnings and advisories

Never overfill the fuel tank as the fuel needs

OPM 210 en-GB

Environment and safety

Only start the engine in a well ventilated area.

The engine must not be run in environments

If it is run in an enclosed space, there should be

Approaching a running engine always poses a

Safety precautions for handling materials

If the control panel is not fitted with a starter

Fuel and lubricating oil

The work must be carried out on a cold engine.

OPM 210 en-GB

Store used rags and other flammable materials

Environment and safety

Safety precautions for maintenance

Switch off the engine

The batteries contain and form oxyhydrogen gas,

Make it impossible to start the engine: Remove

There must be no smoking, naked flames or

Fix a warning plate somewhere appropriate,

Working with a running engine always poses a

Most chemicals such as glycol, anti-corrosive

Hot surfaces and fluids

Always follow the safety precautions on the relevant packaging.

Store chemicals and other materials which are

There is always a risk of sustaining burns when

OPM 210 en-GB

Environment and safety

Lifting the engine

Always use the engine lifting eyes. Always

The engine must be switched off and the power

Optional equipment on the engine can change

When carrying out welding work on and near the

The batteries contain highly corrosive sulphuric

If sulphuric acid comes in contact with the skin:

When welding is finished:

OPM 210 en-GB

Environment and safety

Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear

Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and

The oil filler cap must always be in place when