NEW APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, EFFICIENCY AND LIGHTING

IMITATIVE
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT NO. 114-A-00-05-00106-00

Energy Audit Report

The #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics Located in
the #4 GTUs Building

Prepared by Sustainable Development and Policy Center for Winrock International on November 30, 2009.

Energy Audit Report

The #18 Laboratory of Electro
Mechanics Located in the #4
GTUs Building

Prepared for:

USAID/Caucasus
25 Atoneli Street
0105, Tbilisi, Georgia

Prepared by:

NEW APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, EFFICIENCY

AND LIGHTING IMITATIVE (NATELI)

26 Dzmebi Kakabadzeebi Street, Tbilisi

0105, Georgia
Tel: +995 32 50 63 43
Fax: +995 32 93 53 52

Contents
Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................ 4
1 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 7
2.1 Background.......................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 The Project Development Process ..................................................................................... 7
3 Project Organisation.................................................................................................................. 8
4 Standards and Regulation......................................................................................................... 9
5 Building State Description ...................................................................................................... 10
5.1 General conditions............................................................................................................ 10
5.2 Heating system .................................................................................................................. 12
5.3 Lighting system ................................................................................................................. 13
5.4 Various.............................................................................................................................. 13
5.5 Outdoor............................................................................................................................... 14
6 Energy Consumption ............................................................................................................... 15
6.1 Measured energy consumption ....................................................................................... 15
6.2 Calculated and baseline energy consumption................................................................ 15
7 Energy efficiency potential ..................................................................................................... 18
8 Energy efficiency measures .................................................................................................... 19
8.1 List of measures ............................................................................................................... 19
8.2 Measures ........................................................................................................................... 19
9 Environmental benefits .......................................................................................................... 22
Appendix A .................................................................................................................................. 23

Acknowledgments
The energy audit team is thankful to ENSI -Energy Saving International AS an energy
efficiency and energy business development consulting company from Norway, whose activities
where carried out in Georgia within framework program aiming at training and certification of
GTU professionals in energy auditing in 2005.
We would like to express our special gratitude to Lubomir Tchervilov ENSI senior project
manager, who was responsible for carrying out training on Key Number Software as well as
Profitability Software Programs in Georgia.
The energy audit of the 4-th GTU building was carried out using both ENSI International Key
Number Software and Profitability Software Programs which were licensed to Dr. Karina
Melikidze. The template for the energy audit report was also provided under the same license.

1 Summary
The baseline for energy consumption of Laboratory #18 of Electro Mechanics located in the
#4 Building of Georgian Technical University (GTU), to ensure normal operating conditions, is
approximately 57,850 kWh/year for space heating supplied by a local boiler and 4,678 kWh/year
for electricity or total energy consumption of 62,527 kWh/m per year.
The area for energy auditing was selected by the Dean of the Energy Faculty.
The Energy Auditing identified a considerable energy efficiency improvement potential for
this building:
Savings in delivered energy
Net savings
Investments
Payback

kWh/year
7,614 GEL/year
22,416 GEL
2.9 years
6,429

The energy savings potential for identified energy efficiency and renovation measures is
summarised in the following table, with ranking of measures and their profitability - Net Present
Value Quotient (NPVQ). 1
EE Potential - Energy Audit
#18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics located in the Heated area :
th
GTUs 4 Building
EE measures

Investment
[GEL]

1. Installation of modern heating system

441 m

Net savings
[kWh/yr]

Payback NPVQ

[GEL/yr]

[years]

21,408

6,073

7,481

2.9

2,13

1,008

353

133

7.6

0,18

1. Installation of modern heating system

21,408

6,073

7,481

2.9

2,13

2. Renovation of the lighting system

1,.008

353

133

7.6

0,18

Total all profitable measures

22416

6429

7614

2.9

2. Renovation of the lighting system

Profitable EE measures

* Based on 7.3% real interest rate arrived at as follows: Nominal interest rate used in electronic program is

taken 18%. Inflation rate is assumed to be 10%. The real interest rate (7.3%) program calculates itself
based on above numbers.

For investment and savings assumption to be realized, all measures should be implemented
as one project. The payback is the time it takes to repay the investments, based on equal
annual net savings. The figures have an accuracy of 10-15 %.

NPVQ is the ratio of NPV to the total investment: NPVQ= NPV/ I

where: NPV is today's value (discounted value) of the future annual net savings during the economic lifetime minus the investment.
I is investment

The proposed savings for the package of profitable measures in delivered energy are divided
into savings per energy carrier:
Energy carrier
Electricity
Local heating
Gas needed for
local heating

Unit
kWh/year
kWh/year
m3/year

Present
(baseline)
1,961
57,850
5,600

After
measures
1,608
51,777
5,012

Savings
353
6,073
588

At present there is no modern hydronic space heating system with the gas-energy carrier
installed in the area of #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics but it is expected to have a gas as
a fuel for heating system. In the above table includes the assumed amounts of gas that will be
necessary for heating. The #18 Laboratory located in the 4-th Building of GTU as it is at present
(baseline) condition and after ENCON measures. The #18 Lab. uses in winter period electric
space heaters many of which are not even factory produced and can not cover all heat losses of
the above area, because their installed capacity is less then is needed. This option was used,
due to the fact that GTU couldnt restore central space heating in the building.
The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementation of all measures identified
through the energy audit is estimated as 1.32 tons/year.

2 Introduction
2.1

Background

The scope of the work led by Winrock International, Georgia and assigned by the NATELI to
Project Component 1. Energy Management, and carried out by Sustainable Development and
Policy (SDAP) Center includes carrying out energy audit in the selected area of the 4th Building
at the Georgian Technical University (GTU). During the site observation and discussions that
took place with University administration representatives, the area occupied by the #18
Laboratory of the Electro Mechanics was proposed for this intervention. University
administrations decision was supported by energy auditor team, as #18 Laboratory occupies an
isolated part of the 4-th Building, providing an opportunity to carry out an energy audit for this
isolated area. The results of the audit are provided in this report.
The 4-th Building was constructed in the 1950-s, and is characterized by the medium thermal
capacity of the building envelope. Recently, the building was partly repaired and new metal/
plastic double glazed windows were installed during the summer of 2009. Unfortunately the
building is not equipped with a modern space heating system. At present heat losses from the
building during the winter period are covered by electric space heating equipment. For heating
purposes, the staff of the #18 Laboratory uses electric heaters in a limited number of rooms that
results in uncomfortable conditions even in above rooms, because this equipment does not
cover the baseline for energy consumption - the heat losses from the exterior surfaces of the
building. This situation causes unpleasant uncomfortable conditions laboratory staff and
students. Comfortable conditions result from properly designed heating system with the heat
load that has to be in compliance with the appropriate heat losses.
The buildings wiring is in a very poor condition, because after the disintegration of the Soviet
Union electric space heaters were used for space heating. This situation caused overloading of
the indoor electricity system, because it was not designed for such high loads and resulted in
damaged wiring. The decision to undertake the first energy audit in this building was made
within the Framework Program for Energy Efficiency in Higher Education with GTU, because
building renovation had already been partly carried out. As already mentioned, building already
has installed energy efficient windows. Exterior walls are also characterized from the thermal
engineering stand point with envelope properties of medium thermal capacity, so preliminary
evaluation of the energy consumption in the above area of the building shows that acceptable
level of energy efficiency in this isolated area could be reached through installation of modern
hydronic space heating system. Thus the aim of the energy audit is to estimate ENCON (energy
conservation) potential and propose cost saving measures for the area of #18 Laboratory of the
Electro Mechanics of the 4th Building.
The results of the assessment and evaluation of these measures are given in this report.
The goal of the project is to reduce the energy costs compared to the baseline, improve the
indoor environment, and ensure more efficient operation and maintenance of the building and
the technical installations.

2.2

The Project Development Process

Project development includes evaluation and implementation of profitable energy efficiency

(EE) measures in the building. Each building is unique and each project must be treated
separately to find individual energy savings possibilities. The building owners might have
various plans for renovation and different requirements for the profitability of EE measures.
Hence, the total Project Development Process is divided into six main activities as illustrated in
the flow chart below.

3 Project Organisation

GTU Laboratory #18,Electro Mechanics, located in the #4

Building

1. Project Identification

Project
Identification

Scanning

Improvement
Potential

2. Scanning
Simplified
Auditing

Detailed Auditing
with guarantee

Business Planning

Implementation

Operation

3. Energy Audit

4.Business Plan

5. Implementation

6. Operation

Name of project/building/site:
Address:
Contact person:
Phone:
Fax:
Role in the project:
Building owner:
Contact person for the Energy
Audit:
Address:
Phone:
Fax:
Role in the project:
Expert:
Phone:
Role in the project:
Consultant:
Phone:
Role in the project:
Consultant:
Phone:
Role in the project:

77 Kostava Street, Tbilisi

George Arabidze
899 75 24 58
Beneficiary. Results of energy consumption evaluation of
Laboratory #18 of Electro Mechanics will be
communicated in the form of Energy Audit Report.
Ministry of Economic Development of Georgia
Karina Melikidze
#34 Al. Kazbegi Ave. plot # 3, office 104, Tbilisi
(99532) 20 67 73
(99532) 42 0060
Director of the SDAP Center
Karina Melikidze
893 14 62 54
In charge of conducting energy audit by Key Number
software program and writing report
T. Jishkariani GTU Professor
893 79 00 84
Energy Auditor
N. Kevhishvili GTU Professor
897120 332
Energy Auditor

4 Standards and Regulation

The following Standards and Regulations are relevant for energy efficiency and renovation
measures:
Heating, Ventilation and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86
Boiler Plant
Sanitary Regulations
Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*
From these standards and regulations, the following requirements are relevant:

Heating, Ventilation and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86

Boiler Plant
Sanitary Regulations
Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*

5 Building State Description

5.1 General conditions
Type of building

#18 Lab. of Electro Mechanics located in the 4th Building of GTU

Year of construction

1950-s

In regular operation since (year)

Days per week

Saturday

1950-s

Sunday

Occupancy schedule

(hours/day)

Heating schedule

10

(hours/day)

1st shift from:

to

18

3rd shift from:

n/a

to

n/a

ocloc
k
ocloc
k

2nd shift from:

n/a

till

n/a

oclock

4th shift from:

n/a

till

n/a

oclock

Holidays (in addition to

normal holidays, specify)
Number of occupants (staff and students.)
Permanent inhabitants/staff

30

Temporary inhabitants/staff

70

persons

Average indoor temperatures

Condition

Norms

Temp. when heated

(C)

14

Temp. when heated

Temp. when setback

Temp. when setback

19 in classrooms

16

Installed meters and their location

Electricity meter was not available to energy auditors, it is located separately, and only authorized persons have
access to it.
Existing service
Maintenance
n/a

contracts

for

Operation

& Operation & Maintenance manuals available for

n/a

On average there are 30 persons working in the laboratory area of the building when it is
occupied. The building was heated during the winter by electric heaters. The laboratory
premises were only partially heated.

10

Building data
Total area
Total volume
Floor area (footprint)

1,674
1,851
441

m
m
m

Conditioned area
Conditioned volume
Number of floors

1,674 m
1,851 m
1

External walls
General evaluation of the condition of the walls
Total area external walls

332

Orientation

medium thermal capacity

U
value
m
(average)

NE

SE

SW

1.22
W

Wall area, m2

142.8

61.7

142.8

61.7

Material type

m1 bricks

m1 bricks

m1 bricks

m1 bricks

Insulation type

W/mK
NW

n/a

U value, W/m2K

Material type m1

1.22
1.22
1.22
1.22
The coefficient of thermal conductivity for bricks was taken as =0.76 W/mK with thickness
= 0.46m, because total thickness was measured as = 0.50 m, so =0.02 m was taken for
each inside and outside plaster layers.
Required thermal resistance value was calculated as:

Insulation type 1

Rreq = 1/ 8.7 +0.02/ 0.81 + 0.46/0.76 +0.02 /0.64 +1/23= 0.818 m2 K/W
Approximate heat transfer value: U= 1/0.818= 1,22 W/m2 K
n/a

The exterior walls are built from the bricks with the thickness = 0.46m. Calculations proved
that the building envelope has medium thermal performance insulation capacity which is typical
for that period of construction practices, taking into consideration the approximate year of the
building construction (1950-s). The energy audit team was provided with a plan of the floor area
occupied by #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics. The calculation of the U-value is based on
results of the site inspection and is assumed as based on the assumption that Uwall=1.22 W/m2K
Windows
General evaluation of the condition of windows
Total area windows

Orientation

Material1

Type 2

double glazed windows with metal plastic frames

72,0

Size A x B

Area

Q-ty

m2

W/mK

U value (average)

2,5

Joints

U value

W/m2K

2G

2,4x1,80

4,32

0,60

75,6

2,5

2G

2,4x1,40

3,40

0,60

7,6

2,5

2G

2,4x1,80

4,32

0,60

58,8

2,5

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

72,0

17

Total
Material 1
Type 2

1884

Wood (W), Aluminium (Al), Plastic (P), Steel (St)

Single-frame (S), Double-frame (D), Bonded frame (B),
Single glazed (1G), Double glazed (2G), Triple glazed (3G)

Windows were replaced in summer 2009. The space between the glass pains is not filled
with inert gas. U values were not obtained from the certificate. They were taken after site
inspection as general U-value for windows available in Georgia.

11

Doors
General evaluation of the condition of doors

wood

Type of doors

single

No. of doors

1 Total area doors

4.5

U value (average)

4.65 W/mK

The #18 Laboratorys entrance door is wooden. The entrance into the Laboratory is from the
hall of the first floor of the 4-th building, thus it has no contact with the cold outdoor air.
Roof
General evaluation of the condition of the roof
Total roof area
Roof type

Above is unheated floor

441 m
U value (average)
0,80
Material Insulation Insul. thickn. Slab thickn. Avg. temp. Area
type
type
m
m
C
m

n/a

m1

n/a

n/a

0,185

441

W/mK
U
W/mK
0,80

Total
Material type m1
Insulation type i1

n/a

The #18 Laboratory for Electro Mechanics occupies part of the first floor area. The space
above it is occupied by unheated floor, so heat losses will be from the ceiling slab, in case when
temperature difference between both surfaces of the ceiling slab will be higher than 5 0 C.
During winter periods this situation will almost always lead to heat losses through the ceiling,
although this is not the actual roof of the building. Estimated U value in this case, when the
exterior surface of the slab does not have direct contact with the cold outdoor air, and
evaluating the state of the building structure itself gave possibility to identify U value as:
U = 0.80 W/mK.
Floor
General evaluation of the condition of the floor

Under the laboratory is restraint

Total floor area

441

Type of floor

n/a

Floor construction materials

n/a

U value (average)

0.20

W/mK

There are no heat losses from the floor, since under the laboratory is a restaurant with a
heating system. Thus, a theoretically U value = 0.20 W/mK was assumed in the Software
program to consider heat losses resulting from some non-stationary transmission cases.

5.2 Heating system

Type of generation/supply/carrier

Electric space heating

Type of distribution system

n/a

Condition of heating system

n/a

Boiler/HX in operation since (year)

none

Total capacity, heating system

Heating system in operation since (year)

kW

--------

Type of fuel

Material and condition pipes

n/a

Material and condition insulation

n/a

Type/number of heat emitters

n/a

Automatic control system

n/a

Individual heating appliances, type

electric space heaters

12

Quantity

1-7

pcs

Capacity:

Quantity

1-4

pcs

Capacity

1.3-1.2
0.6-1.0

kW
kW

Unfortunately, a modern central heating system is not installed in the area occupied by the
#18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics. The area above is heated by electric space heaters that
are installed in the limited number of rooms. The indoor temperature during the winter is below
comfortable conditions. A huge potential for improvement of the current situation was identified
by emphasizing this component of the energy audit through suggesting installation of the
modern double pipe hydronic heating system.

5.3 Lighting system

Quantity

86

Installed
capacity
kW
2.6

4.88
20
38
5.89

W/m2
h/week
weeks/year
W/m

Luminaries
pcs
Fluorescent

Average
power
W/m2
4.88

Type of control / comments

Total
Lighting
Average power demand
Operation period
Operation period
Max. simultaneous power

A fluorescent bare batten lighting system is installed in the above area of the building. During
the site inspection this component was singled out as having the potential for improvement in
the process of energy audit, because wiring is almost out of order due to the overloads resulting
from the electric space heaters. Some improvements can be also suggested for the current
lighting system like changing unworkable parts - starters, ballasts as well as cleaning bare
battens.

5.4 Various
In Laboratory there are installed 5 computers.
Quantity
Various exploitable
pcs
Computers

Total
Various exploitable
Average power demand
Operation period
Operation period
Max. simultaneous power

2.26
25
38
4.0

Installed
capacity
kW
0,2

Average
power
W/m2

1.0

2.26

Comments

W/m2
h/week
weeks/year
W/m

Equipment presented below isnt used.

Quantity
Various unexploitable
pcs
equipment

Installed
capacity
kW
5.0

Average
power
W/m2
0.5

Comments

Total
13

Various unexploitable
Average power demand
Operation period
Operation period
Max. simultaneous power

0.5
25
38
0.5

W/m2
h/week
weeks/year
W/m

5.5 Outdoor
No outdoor appliances were identified, including lighting, thus no outdoor measures were
considered.

14

Energy Consumption

6.1 Measured energy consumption

The following table shows the measured energy consumption in the building and its costs
during the last year, before implementation of energy efficiency measures.
The data on electricity consumption was not provided to energy audit team. University
representatives could not provide utility bills (data) for this particular Lab, because its
consumption was not metered separately and besides GTU has one meter for several buildings
that is located in area available only to authorized persons.
Year 2008

District
heating

<Gas>
Electricity

Other

Total

<Oil>

1,855
Energy costs GEL
Energy consumption
10,479
kWh/y
Specific consumption
23.8
kWh/m2
for electricity-15.05.2006
Tariffs valid since
*)
Power, fixed fees, etc.

1,855 GEL
10,479 kWh/y
23.8 kWh/m

The energy audit team agreed that it would be almost impossible to measure energy
consumed for #18 Laboratory bearing in mind the fact that it occupies part of the #4 Building,
and it would be difficult to differentiate laboratorys energy consumption from the remaining part
of the building. Another reason that was also taken into consideration by energy audit team was
the fact that several GTU Buildings are connected to one electricity meter.
Energy audit team analyzed electricity consumption from the perspective of heating and
electricity supply purposes, because at present time electricity is a single energy source for both
purposes in the above part of the building. In the absence of electricity consumption data, the
energy audit team had to analyze electricity consumption by questioning staff of the laboratory
about space heating practices - total capacity of electric space heaters that are switched on and
number of operational hours in winter period as well as checking office equipment power
capacity and average operation hours.
The calorific value is:
Energy carrier
Calorific
Unit
value
Gas
37,190 kJ/m3

Comments
or 10,330 kWh/1000Nm3, value equal to 8,884
kCal/1,000Nm3.

Tariff for electricity is 0.17,697 GEL/kWh

Tariff for gas is 0.51 GEL/Nm3
The above net calorific value for gas and prices were used for future calculations.

6.2 Calculated and baseline energy consumption

The baseline energy consumption of the #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics was
determined as approximately 57,850 kWh/year for space heating system with local boiler and
1,961 kWh/year for electricity. A total of 62,527kWh/m per year is needed to cover
requirements for normal operational conditions in the building when natural gas is used.
The building is characterized by medium thermal capacity properties of the building
envelope. Based on the site visit observation and through questioning staff of the laboratory
were selected U values for roof, walls and floor and were estimates of energy (electricity)
consumption practices, in the absence of winter utility bills.

15

Energy Budget
The calculated and measured energy consumption before and after implementation of
energy efficiency and renovation measures is summarised in the following Energy Budget.
ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT
Budget Item

Heating
Ventilation
DHW
Fans
Pumps
Lighting
Various
Cooling
Total

Budget Item

Before EE
Calculated

Before EE
Measured

Before EE
Baseline

After EE and
renovation

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

[kWh/myear]

14.2
0
0
0

14.2
131.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,1
4.4
4.4
4.4
5.1
5.1
5.1
0
0
23.8*
23.8**
141.8***
ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT

117.4
0
0
0
1,1
3.6
5.1
127.2****

Before EE
Calculated

Before EE
Measured

Before EE
Baseline

After EE and
renovation

[kWh/year]

[kWh/year]

[kWh/year]

[kWh/year]

57,850
51,777
Heating
6,266
6,266
0
0
Ventilation
0
0
0
0
DHW
0
0
466
466
Fans/pumps
0
0
1,961
1,608
Lighting
1,961
1,961
2,251
2,251
Various
2,251
2,251
0
0
Cooling
0
0
56,101****
Total
10,479*
10,479**
62,527***
* Form the computer model
** Measured real consumption (in our case this column will duplicate calculated energy
consumption, thus electricity bills werent provided to energy audit team)
*** Normalised baseline after switching to gas without energy conservation measures
**** After switching to gas with energy conservation measures
The building was heated during the winter by electric heat appliances, and indoor air
temperature was not meet comfortable conditions for the following reasons: firstly, the first floor
premises, where the laboratory is located, were not completely heated, but only part of them;
secondly, the building thermal properties were designed without thermal insulation. That means
that as they are, they hardly perform their functions to insulate the premises from low outside
temperatures, without an incessant heat flow. Low numbers presented in the energy budget
table confirm this information obtained from site inspection and assessment of project materials
(column Measured). Based on this information, the model was calibrated for energy
consumption of the building in the Key Numbers Software Program (column Calculated).
Column - Baseline presents required energy consumption for comfortable conditions in the
building at present situation, or this is the amount of energy that will be consumed when a
heating system would operate during the winter. The last column after implementation of
Energy Efficiency measures, presents the reduced numbers of energy consumption as a result
of ENCON measures(Figure1).

16

Figure 1. Annual energy consumption calculated by ENSI Key Numbers Software Program

17

7 Energy efficiency potential

The numbers here are result of modelling of economic calculations made using Economy
(Profitability) Software Program. The Energy Auditing has identified a considerable energy
efficiency improvement potential for this building presented below:
kWh/year
7,614 GEL/year
22,416 GEL
2.9 years

Savings in delivered energy

Net savings
Investments
Payback

6,429

The energy savings potential for identification of energy efficiency and renovation measures
is summarised in the following table with ranking of measures and their profitability (NPVQ):
EE Potential - Energy Audit
441 m

#18 Laboratory of electro mechanics located in Heated area :

GTUs 4th Building
EE measures

Investment

Net savings

[GEL]
1. Installation of modern heating system

[kWh/yr]

Payback NPVQ

[GEL/yr]

[year]

21,408

6,073

7,481

2.9

2.13

1,008

353

133

7/6

0.18

1. Installation of modern heating system

21,408

6,073

7,481

2.9

2.13

2. Renovation of the lighting system

1.,008

353

133

7.6

0.18

22,416

6.429

7,614

2.9

2. Renovation of the lighting system

Profitable EE measures

Total all profitable measures

* Based on 7,3% real interest rate

The presented savings in delivered energy are divided into savings per energy carrier:
Unit

Energy carrier

Present
(baseline)

After
measures

Savings

Electricity

kWh/year

1,961

1,608

353

Local heating

kWh/year

57,850

51,777

6,073

5,600

5,012

588

Gas needed for

local heating

m /year

At present there is no modern hydronic space heating system installed with the gas-energy
carrier in the area of the #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics. It is expected that such to
modern space heating system would be installed and use natural gas as fuel. In the above table
amounts of gas that will be necessary for heating purposes for the #18 Laboratory located in the
4-th Building of GTU as it is at present (baseline) condition and after ENCON measures are
presented.
The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementation of all measures identified through
energy audit is estimated as 1.32 tons/year. These numbers are resulting from the last table
(see section environmental benefits). Savings divided by energy carrier are multiplied by CO2
emission coefficients. Then they are summarized and multiplied by the total number of the
building area (441m2):
0.8x0.3999=0.32 (kg/m2a)
13.8x0.194=2.68 (kg/m2a)
0.32+2.68=3.0 (kg/m2a)
3.0x441=1.32(t/year)
18

Energy efficiency measures

8.1 List of measures

The following EE and renovation measures are evaluated and described in detail in the
following chapters. Table with information for each profitable measure is presented separately.
A list of profitable EE measures is provided in the table below:
Energy efficiency and renovation measures
1.

Installation of the modern heating system

2.

Renovation of the lighting system

8.2 Measures
Description of all measures that have been evaluated is given below.
Measure .
1. Installation of the heating system
Existing situation Currently there is no installed modern dual pipe heating system in the
area occupied by the #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics.
Description of measure
It was considered to design a modern heating system, because indoor temperatures during the
winter are below comfort level. For this purpose a dual pipe, modern heating system was
designed. The boiler room is planned to be built in the yard of the 4-th Building. Natural gas is
proposed as fuel. The natural gas pipeline is running next to location of the laboratory. This
measure incorporates all costs that are necessary to be considered for installation of the
heating system, like boiler with the chimney, radiators, pipes, valves, manometers, filters and
other equipment that are considered by the project. Calculations done by ENSI Key Number
Program show that capacity of boiler should be about 40kW.
Calculation of savings (by ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
Investments needed for the installation of the heating system according to specification
include:
costs for radiators, pipes, etc. in the indoor space 5,178.50 GEL
costs for installation of gas boiler with the pipes, valves, manometer and wiring 5,331.00
GEL
costs for construction of boiler room with area of about 17 m2 4,753.00 GEL
costs for installation of chimney 2,495.00 GEL
Total investment costs will constitute 17757.50 = 17,758.00 GEL
The amount of energy needed for heating as a baseline for this building defined from Key
Number Software Program is 57,850 kWh/y electricity to satisfy the indoor comfort
temperature. If this amount of energy will be provided by electricity, the following amounts will
be required:
57,850 x 0,17697= 10,237.70 GEL per year;
In the case of installed of a modern heating system, the energy consumption will be reduced,
due to automatic control. O&M of the heating system with improved energy efficiency and will
constitute 51,777 kWh/y.
The main savings will be reached through the fuel switch from electricity to natural gas.
Using natural gas as energy source the amount to satisfy heating demand, the equivalent of 51777 kWh/y will required:
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51,777/10.33=5,012.3 Nm3 natural gas. In monetary terms this will require

50,12,3 x 0.51=2,556.30 GEL per year.
Savings from installation of the modern fuel switch will constitute:
10237,7 2556,3= 7681,4 GEL.
Savings are resulting from the installation of a more efficient heating system as well as from the
tariff price differences of cheaper gas versus electricity.
To be able to evaluate this option the energy auditing team performed separate energy
analysis and modelling the building with using only electricity as heat carrier.
Investment:
Design/Planning
250 GEL
Project Management
400 GEL
Components for heating system
17,758 GEL
Installation
1,800 GEL
Control and testing
500 GEL
As-built documentation
200 GEL
Other expenses
500 GEL
Total investment

O&M expenses per year (+/-)

21,408
200

GEL
GEL /year

Net savings

74,81.4

GEL /year

15

Economic lifetime

Measure .
Existing situation

2.

years

Renovation of the lighting system

Currently lighting system in the #18 Laboratory of the Electro Mechanics is in the poor condition,
despite that fact that fluorescent lamps are installed in this area. Currently the design of the
lighting system consists of 86 fluorescent tubular lamps, of which 34 are out of order. Taking into
consideration fact that after disintegration of the USSR the central heating system was not
functioning in the building, and during all this period the electricity was used for inefficient space
heating, wiring turned to be in the poor condition. This Poor wiring results in burned out lamps
reduced life. Some of electric outlets and switches are also out of order.
Description of measures
The energy audit team decided to renovate the lighting system in the area occupied by the
laboratory of Electro Mechanics. It is known that all fluorescent bulbs dim as they get older.
Accumulated dirt in older, poorly maintained fixtures can also cause reductions in luminary
efficiency, and improper ballast operation can result in reduction of lighting level by dimming the
lights from poor wiring. For the renovation of the lighting system it was proposed to change wiring
that causes burn outs of lamps and to replace those parts of the system that are not functioning.
Calculation of savings (by ENSI Key Number Software or other tool)
The amount of energy that can be saved in the case of renovating lighting system was identified
by the Software program. This amount is 353 kWh/y electricity. Using current electricity tariff, we
get savings in monetary terms: 353 x 0.17697= 62.50 GEL. Taking into consideration the fact that
at least about 15 fluorescent lamps burn out per year due to the poor wiring the cost of these
lamps could be added as savings if wiring would be repaired. Total savings thus constitute: 15x
6+63 = 153 GEL
Investment needed for this renovation is as follows:
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Electric outlets 150 GEL

Switches- 50 GEL
34 fluorescent lamps-204 GEL
34 starters-34 GEL
Twin-core copper cable d=4mm x 400m x 1 GEL/m = 400GEL
Feeder switchboard -100 GEL
Investment constitutes 938 GEL
Investment:
Design/Planning
Project Management
Components
Installation
Control and testing
As-built documentation
Other expenses
Total investment

O&M expenses per year (+/-)

Net savings
Economic lifetime

10
10
938
20
10
10
10
1,008
20
115
15

GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL
GEL/year
GEL/year
years

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9 Environmental benefits
Calculated savings in delivered energy and related reductions in CO2 emissions for area F= 441m 2 occupied by the #18 Laboratory of Electro Mechanics are as follows:

Present situation baseline (kWh/ma)

After EE
and renovation measures
(kWh/ma)
Savings (kWh/ma)
Savings (kWh/a)
CO2 emission coefficients (kg/kWh)
CO2 emission reductions (kg/ma)
CO2 emission reductions (t/year)

na
na
na
na
na
na

4.4
3.6
0.8
353
0.3999
0.32
1,32

Other

Oil

Gas

Electricity

Heating

District

Energy carrier

131.2
117.4

n/a
n/a

na
n/a

13.8
6,073
0.194
2.68

n/a
na
n/a
n/a

n/a
na
n/a
n/a

Installation of the modern heating system with the gas boiler is expected. In the row Present
situation the energy consumption per m2 of the building without implementation of ENCON
(Energy Conservation) measures is provided. Expected savings in gas ( m3 ) are given per m2 of
building area. The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementation of all energy
efficiency measures identified through the energy audit is estimated as 1,32 tons/year.

22

Appendix A
Drawing of the heating system
Plan of the first floor occupied by the #18 Lab. of Electro Mechanics
with the layout of the space heating system

23