Strategy 1

Strategy 2

Reading Stragtegies

Scanning
Glancing Through a text to locate
specific details, e.g. names, dates etc.

Reading on

Skipping unfamiliar word(s) and reading

on to provide sufficient context to determine
unknown word/phrase.

Brighter Future for

Vegetables

Strategy 3
Adjusting Reading Rate
Adjusting rate where appropriate, e.g.
slowing down to comprehend new
information, or speeding up to scan for key
word.

Salads could become more colorfuland healthierthanks to

unusually red tomatoes that could help to protect people against
cancer and heart disease. Peter Bramley and his colleagues at Royal
Holloway College, London, have genetically engineered tomatoes so
that they contain unusually amounts of lycopene and beta-carotene.
These compounds are among a group of chemicals called
antioxidants that are thought to mop up highly reactive compounds
called free radicals inside cell. Left at large, free radicals can damage
DNA, possibly leading to cancer-causing mutations. Free radicals are
also believed to play a role in the development of heart disease,
triggering reactions that leads arteries to fur up with fatty deposits.

Strategy 4
Synthesizing
Piecing information together as student
read a text, to keep track of what is happening.

Bramleys tomatoes are so red because they contain twice as

much lycopene, the pigment that makes tomatoes red, as normal.
Normal tomatoes usually have paler portions inside, but these ones
have even, red pigmentation throughout, he says.

Summary
Peter Bramley and his colleagues from
Royal Holloway College have genetically
engineered tomatoes to contains more
chemicals name lycopene and betacarotene than usual. These chemicals are
called antioxidants, theyre able to mop up
free radicals which are the cause of cancer
and heart disease. Bramley and his
colleague also hoped to do the same to
other fruits and vegetable in the future.

They also contain abnormally high levels of beta-carotene, the

compound that makes carrots bright orange. both are carotenoids, a
group of compounds found widely in fruit and vegetables. If we can
establish that higher levels of carotenoids in the diet are beneficial,
we are developing technology to modify common fruits and
vegetables so that they produce more, he says.
Bramley produced the extra lycopene and beta-carotene by
inserting a gene into tomatoes that makes phytoene synthase, the
compound in plants that triggers the synthesis of many carotenoids.
Bramley and his colleagues have just begun to evaluate some
30 other types of carotenoids. They are also studying which genes, or
groups of genes, they may need to insert to raise the productions of
beneficial carotenoids. If the work with tomatoes is successful,
Bramley hope to engineer others fruits and vegetables, including
peppers and carrots.

Vocabulary
1.Colleague(n.) = a person who works together.
2.Compound(n.) = something formed by
combining parts.
3.Mutation(n.) = the change or alteration.
4.Pigment(n.) = a coloring substance.
5.Arteries(n.) = blood vessel that convey blood
to the body.
6.Deposit(n.) = a place where lots of things pile
up.
7.Trigger(v.) = to activate.
8.Modify(v.) = to change.
9.Evaluate(v.) = to determine or set a value of
something.
10.Beneficial(adj.) = being helpful.