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Computational of Fluid Dynamics
Assignment 2
The chimera method is an outgrowth of the attempt to generalize a powerful solution approach (the
structured and body-conforming grid method) to complex situation. It has two principal elements; (1)
Decomposition of a chosen computation domain into sub-domains, and (2) communication of
solutions data among these sub-domains through an interpolation procedure.
Summary of the grid-related portion of the chimera method (see fig 1); (1) The overlapping of two
grids, respectively designated as major and minor grids with the latter being told as conforming
component, (2) The hole creation boundary specified as a level surface in the minor grid and the
fringe-point boundary in the major grid, (3) The outer boundary in the minor grid. Boundary condition
in each grid must be made available, since the separate grids are to be solved independently.
Boundary conditions on the interpolated hole boundary and interpolated outer boundary are supplied
from the grid in which the boundaries are contained.
The gap region is created by arbitrary overset grids is inevitably of irregular shape. Unstructured grid
can lend its strength to handle this irregularity shaped space (see fig 2)
Fig 2. Arbitrary grid overlapping by non-structured grid in Chimera grid (Zheng, 2003)
The chimera grid method makes use of body fitted grids in which are an essential asset known to give
viscous solutions accurately and economically. In the gridding process the complex geometrical model
is divided up into sub-domains, which in general are associated with components of a configuration.
Each sub-domain is gridded independently and required to have overlapped region between the sub-
domains. The computational volumetric domain has been decomposed into many sub-domains filled
with structured grids. The sub-domains overlapped with each other. Hole boundaries and outer
boundaries are the two ways through which information is communicated from grid to another.
For example, the chimera grid method is used for integrated space shuttle geometry (complex
geometry) (see fig. 3)
Fig 3. NASA shuttle space appearance model construct in chimera grid (overset grid)
A surface element consists of several edges. An edge is referred to as an isolated edge, if it is belonging
to only one element of the surface. For general surface there are many edges which belong to two
neighbouring elements and clearly these edges are not isolated edges. Furthermore, for a closed
surface, there are no isolated edges. The corresponding isolated edges are bound the openings of the
surface. Therefore, in order to close the surface, it is natural to establish the isolated edge first, then
to identify facets which fill the openings.
(1) Y. Zheng, M.-S Liou. A novel approach of three-dimensional hybrid grid methodology: Part 1.
Grid Generation. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering.192
(2003).4147-4171
ITTC (International Towing Tank Conference) Practical Guides for Ship CFD
Application (2014)
The guidelines summarize the CFD process into three steps.
1. Pre-processing -> The definition of the geometry, computational domain and grids
2. Computation -> Analyse the data
3. Post-processing -> Visualisation, analysis, verification and the validation of the results.