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320
700 20 mm @
20 mm @ 130 mm C/C
300 mm C/C
3.50
8 mm @
130 mm C/C
20 mm @
120 mm c/c
350
20 mm @ 8 mm @ 8 mm @
240 mm c/c 200 mm C/C 130 mm C/c
330 3.50 330
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
DESIGN OF BOX TYPE CULVERT
1 In side diamentions 3.5 x 3.5 m
2 Super imposed load 12000 N/m3
3 Live load 45000 N/m2
4 Wieght of soil 18000 N/m2 wt. of water 9800 N/m3
5 Angle of repose 30 Degree
6 Nominal cover top/bottom 50 mm Nominal cover Side 50 mm
6 Cocrete M- 20 wt. of concrete 25000 N/m3
cbc 7 N/m2
m 13
7 Steel Fy 415 Out side st 190 N/m2
water side sidest 150 N/m2
1 Solution Genral
For the purpose of design , one metre length of the box is considered.
The analysis is done for the following cases.
(I) Live load, dead load and earth prssure acting , with no water pressure from inside.
(II) Live and dead load on top and earth pressure acting from out side, and water pressure acting from inside,
with no live load on sides
(III) Dead load and earth pressure acting from out side and water pressure from in side.
2 Case 1 : Dead and live load from out side of while no water pressure from inside.
Self weight og top slab = 0.33 x 1 x 1 x ### = 8250 N/m2
Live load and dead load = 45000 + ### = 57000 N/m2
Total load on top = 65250 N/m2
Weight of side wall = 3.82 x 0.32 x ### = 30560 N/m
Upward soil reaction at base = ( 65250 x 3.83 )+( 2 x ### )=
81208.2 N/m2
3.83
1 - sin 30 1 - 0.5 1
Ka = = = = = 0.33
1 + sin 30 1 + 0.5 3
Latral pressure due to dead load and live load = Pv x Ka
p = ### x 0.333 = 19000 N/m2
Latral pressure due to soil Ka x w x h = 0.333 x ### h = h
Hence total pressure = ### + 6000 h
Latral presure intencity at top = 19000 N/m2
Latral pressure intencity at bottom = ### + 6000 x = 41920 N/m2
w = 65250 N/m2
Fig 1
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
1 1/2
Distribution factore for AD and DA= = 2/3 Distribution factore for AB and DC= = 1/3
1+1/2 1+1/2
wL2 ### x 3.82 2=
Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= = -79346 N - m
12 12
Mfdc=
wL2 ### x 2=
+ = 98751.9 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + +
12 15
MFAD = +
19000 x 3.82 +
2
### x 3.82
x = 34254 N-m
12 2
pL2 WL
MFDA = - -
12 15
MFDA = -
19000 x 3.82 2-- ### x 3.82
x = -23105 -16723 = -39828
12 2
The Moment distribution is carried out as illustrate in table
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 55075 65250 55075
98751.91 -39828 34254 -79346 46852
The moment distribution carried out as per table 1 for case 1
Joint D A 124627.5 124627.5
Member DC DA AD AB 46852
55075
Distribution factore 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33 19000 64569
Fix end moment 98751.91 -39828 34254 -79346 A A
Balance -19641 -39283 30061 15031 55075 1.91
Carry over 15031 -19641
7197
balance -5010 -10020 13094 6547 3.82 m
Carry over 6547 -5010
balance -2182 -4365 3340 1670 71023 1.91
Carry over 1670 -2182 22920 D D
balance -557 -1113 1455 727 41920 69810 77881
71023
Carry over 727 -557
balance -242 -485 371 186 155514 155514
Carry over 186 -242 69810
balance -62 -124 162 81
Carry over 81 -62 81208
balance -27 -54 41 21 Fig 2
Carry over 21 -27
balance -7 -14 18 9
Final moment 71023 -71023 55075 -55075
D F C
41920 41920 4484
w = 81208 N/m 2
Fig 3
wL2 = ### x 3.83 2=
Fix end moments will be as under : MFAB= -79762 N - m
12 12
Mfdc=
wL2 ### x 2=
= 99269.6 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + +
12 10
MFAD = +
4484 x 3.83 +
2
### x 3.83
x = 16128 N-m
12 2
pL2 WL
MFDA = - -
12 15
MFDA = -
4484 x 3.83 2- ### x 3.83
x = -12579 N -m
12 2
The moment distribution is carrired out as illustred in table.
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 45069 65250 45069
99269.61 -12579 16128 -79762 23451
4 Case 3 : Dead load and live load on top water pressure from inside no live load on side.
in this case, it is assume that there is no latral oressure due to live load . As before .
The top slab is subjected to a load of '= 65250 N/m2
and the bottom slab is subjected to a load w = 65250 N/m2
Itensity = 81208 N/m2 4000 4000
Lateral pressure due to dead load = A E B 4000
Mfdc=
wL2 ### x 2=
= 99269.6 N - m
12 12
pL2 WL Where W is the total tringular earth pressure.
MFAD = + -
12 15
MFAD = +
4000 x 3.83 -
2
### x 3.83
x = -2209 N-m
12 2
pL2 WL 4890 -
7098
MFDA = - +
12 10
MFDA = -
4000 x 3.83 2- ### x 3.83
x = 5757 N -m
12 2
The moment distribution is carrired out as illustred in table.
Fixed End Moments
Member DC DA AD AB 35902 65250 35902
99269.61 5757 -2209 -79762 =
The moment distribution carried out as per table 1 for case 1
Joint D A 124627.5 124627.5
Member DC DA AD AB
35902
Distribution factore 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33 4000 83742
Fix end moment 99269.61 5757 -2209 -79762 A A
Balance -35009 -70018 54647 27324 35902 1.91
Carry over 27324 -35009
48748
balance -9108 -18216 23339 11670 3.82
Carry over 11670 -9108
balance -3890 -7780 6072 3036 49646 1.91
Carry over 3036 -3890 0 D D
balance -1012 -2024 2593 1297 14516 99258
49646
Carry over 1297 -1012
balance -432 -864 675 337 155108 155108
Carry over 337 -432 5200
balance -112 -225 288 144
Carry over 144 -112 81208
balance -48 -96 75 37 Fig 4
Carry over 37 -48
balance -12 -25 32 16
Final moment 49646 -49646 35902 -35902
The section will be design for maximum B.M. = 71023 N -m, and direct force = 155514
71023 x 1000
Eccentricity = = 457 mm
155514
proposed thickness of side wall '= 330 mm e/D 457 / 330 = 1.38 < 1.5
thickness of side wall is OK
Let us reinforce the section with 20 mmbars @ 300 mm c/c provided on both faces, as shown
in fig xxx . With cover of 50 mm and D = 330 mm
1000 3.14 x 20 x 20
Asc = Ast = x = 1047 mm2
300 4
The depth of N.A. is computed from following expression:
b n D - dt - n + (m - 1)Asc 1 (n - dc)(D - dt- dc)
3 3 n D
= e+ - dt
b n + (m -1) Asc n - dc D - dt - n 2
- m Ast
n n
1000 n n 1047
330 - 50 - + 12 x x n - 50 x
or 2 3 n
1000 n+ 1047 1047
12 x x n - 50 - 13 x x 330 - 50
2 n n
n -1E+006
500 n 280 - + n - 50 x
3 n
= 457 + 115
12560 ###
500 n+ x n - 50 - x 280 - n
n n
-62800000
140000 n - 167 n2 + -1256000 -
n
= 572
628000 3809867
500 n + 12560 - - + ###
n n
multiply by n
140000 n2 - 167 n3 + -1256000 n - -62800000
= 572
500 n2 + 12560 n- 628000 - 3809867 + ### n
55075
124627.5
64569
77881
155514
N-m
19000
124627.5
Net latral pressure diagram
73951
45069
N-m
14516
155108
Net latral pressure diagram
89315
37436
35902
124627.5
83742
99258
155108
N-m
0.378
0.874
1.155
mm2
mm2
mm2
mm dia.
0.378
0.874
1.155
mm2
mm2
mm2
mm2
OK
aces, as shown
-100
-n
han permissiable
Box culverts
20 mm @ 260 mm c/c
8 mm @ 200 mm C/C
8 mm @ 130 mm C/c
320
700 20 mm @
20 mm @ 130 mm C/C
300 mm C/C
3.50
8 mm @
130 mm C/C
20 mm @
120 mm c/c
350
20 mm @ 8 mm @ 8 mm @
240 mm c/c 200 mm C/C 130 mm C/c
330 3.50 330
Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS
Grade of co M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Tensile
stress 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
N/mm2
456-2000)
50
1.4