BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY SOURCES:

Aha Hook (Executive Council) of Ka Hui Hawaii Aloha ina (Hawaiian Patriotic League) in 1897.
Digital image. HUI ALOHA INA O LAS VEGAS. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.haalasvegas.org/uploads/6/7/9/6/67967963/7693511_orig.jpg>.

This primary source is an image of the Hawaiian Patriotic League shown on the Annexation and
Retaliation page of the website. It features a photo of the executive council in 1897.

Ahahui Aloha ina Hawaii O N Wahine O K Hawaii Paeina (Women's Hawaiian Patriotic League of
the Hawaiian Islands). Digital image. HUI ALOHA INA O LAS VEGAS. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb.
2017. <http://www.haalasvegas.org/blog>.

This primary source is an image of the Women's Hawaiian Patriotic League of the Hawaiian Islands
shown on the Annexation and Retaliation page of the website. This source was interesting, as it
showed the gender contrast between the Hawaiian Patriotic League and the Womens Hawaiian
Patriotic League.

the American Mind. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 January

"Adventure of the American Mind." Adventure of
2017.<http://aam.govst.edu/projects/cmietlicki/ps_page3.html>

This primary source provided a timeline of the overthrow of Queen Liliuiokalani. It had images that
were also used as primary sources.

Blout, James. Report of U.S. Special Commissioner James H. Blount to U.S. Secretary of State Walter Q.
Gresham Concerning the Hawaiian Kingdom Investigation. N.p. Web. 18 January 2017.
<https://www.hawaiiankingdom.org/blounts-report.shtml>

This primary source provided the report of Senator James Blout on the investigation of the Hawaiian
Kingdom, as ordered by President Grover Cleveland. He documents all his findings, and many
useful quotes were taken from this source.

Cleveland, Grover. "Grover Cleveland on the Overthrow of Hawaii's Royal Government." Digital History.
N.p., n.d. Web. 25 January 2017.
<http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=1283>

This primary source was written in 1893 by Grover Cleveland, the year in which the Hawaiian
monarchy was overthrown by the United States. Given in this source were Clevelands opinions
regarding the actions of the Provisional Government, information we used for our Blounts
Investigation and Clevelands Response and Conflict Over Hawaii pages.

Cleveland, Grover. PRESIDENT GROVER CLEVELAND'S MESSAGE of December 18, 1893. Hawaiian
Independence Home Page. N.p. Web. 17 January 2017.
<http://www.hawaii-nation.org/cleveland.html>.
 This primary source provided the complete statement of President Cleveland on the overthrow of
Hawaii.

"Hawaii President Sanford B. Dole, Letter of December 23, 1893 Refusing United States Demand to
Restore Ex-Queen Liliuokalani to the Throne." N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.angelfire.com/hi2/hawaiiansovereignty/dolerefusal12231893.html>.

This primary source contains a letter written by Liliuokalani to Sanford B. Dole in which she states
her moral limitations on American control of Hawaiian territory. This statement was used as a quote
on our Connections to Theme page, as it showed the purpose for Liliuokalani series of acts of
resistance over time.

Kamakaeha, Lydia. Draft Constitution of January 14, 1893. Hawaiian Independence Home Page. N.p.
Web. 12 January 2017. <http://www.hawaii-nation.org/constitution-1893.html>.

This primary source was Queen Liliuokalanis Kingdom of Hawaii Draft Constitution that she
planned to replace the Bayonet Constitution with. This document is monumental, as it not only
shows the dedication she held to please the people but also enacted the American-led revolt to
overthrow her off the throne.

Medeiro, Renee Kanoi Bonnie. "Now We Know: Eight Reasons Why so Many Knaka Maoli
Oppose US Federal Recognition." Hawaiian Kingdom Blog. N.p., 07 Oct. 2016. Web. 06
Feb. 2017. <http://hawaiiankingdom.org/blog/now-we-know-eight-reasons-why-so-
many-kanaka -maoli-oppose-us-federal-recognition/>.

This secondary source website provided a primary source of a word-for-word opinion of a

Hawaiian. Medeiro openly expresses her firm root in the e K Petitions.

"QUEEN LILIUOKALANI OBITUARY." QUEEN LILIUOKALANI OBITUARY. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 January
2017. <http://genealogytrails.com/hawaii/queenliliuokalaniobit.html>

This primary source, written by an Idaho statesman, documented the funeral of the Queen.

"Queen Liliuokalani's Statement Relinquishing Power in Hawaii." Student Handouts. N.p., n.d. Web. 25
January 2017.
<http://www.studenthandouts.com/01-Web-Pages/2012-07/queen-liliuokalani-hawaii-abdication-stat
ement-january-17-1893.htm>

This primary source gave a clear, English translation of Queen Lilioukalanis statement giving up
power in Hawaii. She protests the overthrow of Hawaii, but chooses to peacefully submit to
American authority.

PRIMARY SOURCE PHOTOS:

A crowd gathers to see the raising of the American flag during the annexation of Hawaii. 12 August
 1898Photograph. Hawaii State Archives, Web. 03 Feb. 2017.<https://d284gedng9vuu0.
cloudfront.net/article_media/2016/04/historic-news-hawaiiannexation-f4f8a7b5.jpg.885x498_q90_bo
x-0%2C100%2C1366%2C869_crop_detail.jpg>.

This primary photo source shows the annexation of Hawaii. We used this as the background image
of the Annexation page. This image, in particular, was chosen due to the clearly visible American
flag in the middle of the photo. This symbolized the main point of the event and page.

"Bayonet Constitution." Photograph. National Geographic Society N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/jul6/bayonet-constitution/>.

This primary photo source showed King Kalakaua dressed in his formal attire. We specifically chose
to use such image to emphasize the royal image Kalakaua put on. It can be considered ironic
however, as the King did not necessarily serve to his full potential towards the end of his reign.

Blount, Hon. James H. of Georgia. Photograph. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.
Brady-Handy Photograph Collection. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/James_Henderson_Blount_-_
Brady-Handy.jpg/800px-James_Henderson_Blount_-_Brady-Handy.jpg>.

This primary photo source shows James Blount. A subpage was dedicated to him and James Blount
due to their separate reactions to Liliuokalanis situation. This photo along with the one of Blount
served as the cover of their subpage.

David Kalakaua, King of Hawaii. Digital image. Royal Portraits. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2017.
<http://royal-portraits.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/david-kalakaua-king-of-hawaii.html>.

This primary source image was of King Kalakaua fully dressed in his royal attire. This was used in
our Background page. Being the first image of the King featured on the site, it was important to
show him in a royal spotlight, as he was Hawaiis monarch as the time.

Grover Cleavland. Photograph. History. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.

<http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2013/12/cleveland-photo2-P.jpeg>.

This primary photo source shows Grover Cleveland. A subpage was dedicated to him and James
Blount due to their separate reactions to Liliuokalanis situation. This photo along with the one of
Blount served as the cover of their subpage.

Hawaiian League (PP-36-3-001). Photograph. Hawaii State Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hawaiian_League_(PP-36-3-001).jpg>.

This primary photo source is of the Hawaiian League. The Hawaiian League was composed of white sugar
farmers, businessmen, and sons of ministers. Their main purpose was to overthrow the Queen. It was
important to show who they were because they were the Queens main opposers.

"Hawaiis Relationship With The US Is Not As Pretty As Youd Think." Photograph. All That Is Interesting.
N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://all-that-is-interesting.com/wordpress/wp-content/
uploads/2015/08/history-hawaii-sugar-plantation.jpg>.
 This primary photo source gave a visual representation of the Hawaiian sugar plantations. These
plantations were brought up a lot in our project, as they were the primary reason for the American
interest in Hawaii.

"John L. Stevens, Envoy and Minister of the United States." Photograph. University of Hawaii at Manoa
Library. Hawaii State Archives, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/
annexation/images/pic3.php>.

This primary photo source is of John L. Stevens. He was essentially the man that made the unleash
of havoc possible. He can be found on our Conflict Over Hawaii page.

Kapiolani and Liliuokalani at Golden Jubilee (PP-97-14-009). Photograph. Hawaii State Archives.
N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileKapiolani_and_ Liliuokalani
_at_Golden_Jubilee_(PP-97-14-009).jpg>.

This primary photo source shows Princess Liliuokalani and Queen Kapiolani, King Kalakauas wife.
We used this as the background image of our Background page to serve as an introduction image
to Liliuokalanis royal life.

Leper Mail Disinfected. Digital image. Damien De Veuster SSCC - Leper Priest of Molokai (1840-89).
N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2017. <http://leperpriest.blogspot.com/2008_08_01_archive.html>.

This primary source image was used in the slideshow depicting Liliuokalanis visit to Molokai. We
featured a multitude of photos from her visits there due to the emotional connection she felt to the
location.

"Liliuokalani, the Last Monarch of Hawaii." Photograph. 1870 to 1918. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://1870to1918.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/liliuokalani.jpg?w=542&h=714>.

This primary photo source shows Queen Liliuokalani. This specific photo is meant to represent her
during her last stages of being a monarch in as much control as she could obtain during her reign.

"Lorrin A. Thurston, 1892." Photograph. Hawaiian Journal of History, N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lorrin_A._Thurston,_1892.jpg>.

This primary photo source shows a Lorrin Thurston. Lorrin Thurston was discussed in our Conflict
Over Hawaii and Bayonet Constitution pages. He was a key player in Liliuokalanis politcal enemy
group, the Committee of Safety (and later the Provisional Government of Hawaii).

"Military - Honolulu Rifles." Photograph. Military - Honolulu Rifles. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://gallery.hawaii.gov/gallery2/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=5823
3&g2_serialNumber=2>.

This primary photo source shows some members of the Honolulu Rifles. These men were partially
responsible for the forced signing of the Bayonet Constitution and the overthrow of the Hawaiian
monarchy.
N.a. Hawaiian Annexation. 17 January 1893. Photograph. National Archives and Records
Administration. National Archives. Web. 25 January 2017. <http://aam.govst.edu/projects
/cmietlicki/images/images_2/flag_tn.gif>

A primary source photo of the raising of the U.S. flag over the 'Iolani Palace.

N.a. Iolani Palace. 17 January 1893. Photograph. National Archives and Records Administration.
National Archives. Web. 25 January 2017.
<http://aam.govst.edu/projects/cmietlicki/images/images_2/military_tn.gif>

A primary source photo of the stationing of troops outside the Iolani Palace.

N.a. Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. 17 January 1893. Photograph. National Archives and
Records Administration. National Archives. Web. 25 January 2017.
<http://aam.govst.edu/projects/cmietlicki/images/images_2/queenleaves_tn.gif>

A primary source photo of Queen Liliuokalani's escort out of the palace.

President Grover Cleveland. Digital image. Calbuzz, Fleischman and Cleveland. CalWatchdog, n.d.
Web. 2 Feb. 2017. <http://calwatchdog.com/2011/01/19/calbuzz-fleischman-and-pres-clevel and/>.

This primary source photo of President Grover Cleveland was used on our page.

"Native Hawaiians Petition Against U.S. Annexation - Hawai'i Digital Newspaper Project." Google Sites.
N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://sites.google.com/a/hawaii.edu/ndnp-hawaii/Home/historical-feature-articles/native-hawaiian
s-petition-against-u-s-annexation>.

This primary source photo showed a petition against annexation. Since petitions were used by
Liliuokalani, seeing this allowed us to understand how they looked and the effort that was put into
making them.

Original Cabinet Card of King Kalakaua and his Staff. Digital Image. Bradley & Rulofson, San Francisco,
N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://manuantiques.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/King-
Kam-albumen-Photo-2.jpg>.

This primary photo source features King Kalakaua and his staff. It is apparently a rare image. We
used this as the background image of the Bayonet Constitution as a majority of that page revolves
around King Kalakaua.

"PALACE SQUARE IN FRONT OF IOLANI PALACE." Photograph. Penn Libraries. N.p., n.d. Web. 03
Feb. 2017. <http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/liliuokalani/hawaii/252.gif>.

This primary photo source shows a group of people crowded in front of the royal palace. Its
inclusion in our project is meaningful because it brings a visual to support the ongoing of the
eventful happenings of the day the palace was attacked by the Marines.

Portrait of Queen Liluokalani and hand-written manuscript of "Aloha Oe". 1878. Photograph. Hawaii
 State Archives, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://www.hawaiimagazine.com/sites/default/files/field
/image/liliu.png>

This primary photo source shows Queen Liliuokalani next to a written manuscript of Aloha Oe, the
most famous of her several compositions. Due to the last impact of her songs and their power in
terms of showing her resistance, we chose to use this as the cover of our Theme Connections
page.

Queen Liliuokalani. 1891. Photograph. Wikimedia Commons, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://d284gedng9vuu0.cloudfront.net/article_media/2016/06/primary-sources-hawaii-a
nnexation-92170d77.jpg.885x498_q90_box-0%2C100%2C1132%2C737_crop_detail.jpg>

This primary photo source shows Queen Liliuokalani in her later stages of life. We used this as the
backing image of our Required Materials page.

Queen Liliuokalani 111213. Digital image. Vector Clipart, n.d. Web. 2 Feb. 2017.
<http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VX-e45hKeC8/Un_dx0fU9eI/AAAAAAAAc-0/MfLw4QFSkbE/s1600/Youn
g+Queen+Liliuokalani.jpg>.

This image was used on our Background page. It is a primary source, as it is an actual photograph
of the Queen. Featured is a young Lydia Kamehameha.

"Sale 33." Digital image. Ira & Larry Goldberg Auctioneers. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://images.goldbergauctions.com/php/lot_auc.php?site>.

This primary photo source shows a scanned version of the Bayonet Constitution. We felt it was
crucial to give our website viewers a visual to go along with our description of the document since it
was a huge component in Liliuokalani's battle for independence.

Sandbags, rifles and soldiers at side entrance to Iolani Palace. Photograph. University of Hawaii at
Manoa Library. Hawaii State Archives, N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/images/troops2.gif>.

This primary photo source features troops in front of Iolani Palace in preparation for the attack they
performed on it. This was used as the cover of the Conflict Over Hawaii page as it depicts the way
America took over Hawaii : through violence. We felt as if it set the mood of the page.

Sanford Ballard Dole. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/47/79447-004-CB30DA33.jpg>

This primary photo source shows a portrait of Sanford B. Dole. We had shown him in a previous
photo in the sites timeline, however we felt it was necessary to have a solo photo of him due to his
involvement in the Queens life.

""The Hawaiian Situation Explained"." 14 December 1893. Digital Image. + Hawaii Alive +. Bishop
Museum Archives. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://www.hawaiialive.org/resources/image/617.jpg>.
 This primary photo source is a cartoon published during the time of major interference of the
American government into the Hawaiian monarchy. We thought this was interesting because it
allowed us to incorporate other types of primary source media aside from regular real life images.

The Shrine of Father Damien of Belgium, Patron of Outcasts. Digital image. Spiritual Travels. N.p., n.d.
Web. 2 Feb. 2017. <http://www.spiritualtravels.info/articles-2/europe-2/the-shrine-of-
father-damien-of-belgium-patron-of-outcasts/>.

This primary source image was one capturing a specific landscape of the Hawaiian lands. This
landscape was Molokai, where the Queen visited the leper colony. It was a location important to
Liliuokalanis upbringing, hence its featuring on our Background page.

The 1897 Petition Against The Annexation of Hawaii, Page 6 of Men's Petition Against Annexation of
Hawaii. 11 September 1897. Digital Image. National Archives, Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <https://
www.archives.gov/files/education/lessons/hawaii-petition/images/hawaii-petition-01-thumb.jpg>

This primary photo source is a page of a petition against the annexation of Hawaii put together by
Liliuokalani. This was used as the cover photo of the Retaliation page, as petitions were a part of
the Queens peaceful acts of resistance.

"The United States' Acquisition of Hawai'i." Photograph. Queen Lili'uokalani - Statehood. N.p., n.d. Web.
03 Feb. 2017. <https://www.mtholyoke.edu/~ross20a/classweb/Provisionalgovernmentofhawaii
cabinet.jpg>.

This primary photo source showed the Committee of Safety in an office. The key part of this photo
was its featuring of Sanford B. Dole, a key figure to our project.

Uncle Sam seated in restaurant looking at the bill of fare. Digital image. SpanishAmerican War.
Wikipedia , n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2017.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War>

This primary source image was a political cartoon from 1896 that depicts Uncle Sam debating on
which territory he should choose to take first. Hawaii, also known as the "Sandwich Islands", are on
the menu.

Various authors. Page 6 of the Mens 1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii. 11 September 1897
Photograph. National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives. Web. 18 January
2017. <https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/hawaii-petition>

This primary source was a photo of the Hui Hawaii Aloha Aina Petition against Hawaiis annexation.
It showed factual evidence that there were peoples that did not want the annexation of Hawaii to go
through.

Various authors. Page 22 of the Womens 1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii. 11
September 1897 Photograph. National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives.
Web. 18 January 2017. <https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/hawaii-petition>
 This primary source was a photo of the Hui Hawaii Aloha Aina o Na Wahine Petition against
Hawaiis annexation. It showed factual evidence that there were peoples that did not want the
annexation of Hawaii to go through.

SECONDARY SOURCES:

WEBSITE:

"Bayonet Constitution." National Geographic Society, 30 May 2014. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/jul6/bayonet-constitution/>.

This secondary source provided a basic outline of the events leading up to the Bayonet Constitution.
This gave us an understanding of the importance of the document and its passing.

Communications, Inc. Small Planet. "Contents." The Age of Imperialism. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/imperialism/>.

This secondary source offered an American point of view on the debate over the annexation of
Hawaii. It also accounted for the exchange of actions between Dole and Congress.

Cooper, Jeanne. "Queen Liliuokalani's Legacy Continues to Inspire." Queen Liliuokalani's Legacy
Continues to Inspire. SFGate, 7 Sept. 2012. Web. 25 Jan. 2017. <http://www.sfgate.com/hawaii
/alohafriday/article/Queen-Lili-8216-uokalani-s-legacy-continues-to-inspire-3845410.php#item-4454
8>.

This secondary source went into the legacy of Queen Liliuokalani. The collected data was used to
construct our Legacy page.

Dodo, John. "The Hawaiian League." World Wide Worth, 09 Apr. 2014. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://world-wide-worth.blogspot.com/2014/04/the-hawaiian-league.html>.

This secondary source informed us of the Hawaiian League and their opinions on King Kalakaua
and the monarchy itself. This information was used to describe the motives for the secret groups
actions.

Engeluuu, Kerilynn. "Queen Liliuokalani, First and Last Queen Regnant of Hawaii." Amazing Women In
History. N.p., 03 Dec. 2015. Web. 03 Feb. 2017 <http://www.amazingwomeninhistory.com/queen
-liliuokalani-first-and-last-queen-regnant-of-hawaii/>

This secondary source shone a bright light on Queen Liliuokalani herself and explained her
significance within Hawaiian and social culture today. These details were used to portray the
Queens character throughout the site.

Hawaiian Song. Online Text. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,

<https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200197484/>.

This secondary source outlined a detailed description of Queen Liliuokalanis life. It helped us put
our events in order and separate each page into specified sections.
"Home Page." Home Page. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Dec. 2016.
<http://www.edb.utexas.edu/faculty/salinas/students/student_sites/Fall2005/hawaii/>.

This secondary source provide very brief insight into the life of the Queen. It was taken from an
outside perspective and organized into sections.

"List of Compositions and Works by Liliuokalani." Omics International, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://research.omicsgroup.org/index.php/List_of_compositions_and_works_by_Liliuokalani>.

This secondary source gave a list of all 165 of Queen Liliuokalanis compositions with attached
descriptions and dates on each one. This helped organize the audio pieces featured on the site.

Kelley, Darlene E. "Historical Collections of The Hawaiian Islands - Bayonet Constitution " of 1887- Part
1." USGenWeb Archives, 17 Dec. 2006. Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi
/keepers/con03.txt>.

This secondary source digs in deeper in terms of King Kalakaua being forced to sign the Bayonet
Constitution. It was primarily used in the Bayonet Constitution page featured on the site.

Kelley, Darlene E. "Historical Collections of The Hawaiian Islands - Bayonet Constitution " of 1887- Part
2." USGenWeb Archives, 18 Dec. 2006. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/keepers/con04.txt>.

This secondary source looked at the Hawaiian League and the Honolulu Rifles. Featured were
important details about the two groups, including their formations and their intentions on how to
handle the Kingdom of Hawaii. It provided key points for our sections covering American control
over the Hawaiians.

"K Petitions." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%AB%CA%BB%C4%93_Petitions>.

This secondary source provided brief information on the petitions signed by Hawaiian natives that
postponed the passing of the annexation papers for Hawaii.

Omandam, Pat. "Hawaiis Last Monarch Inspiring." Honolulu Star-Bulletin Local News, 09 Sept. 1999.
Web. 03 Feb. 2017. <http://archives.starbulletin.com/1999/09/09/news/story4.html>.

This secondary source gave us a sense of sequence of events, specifically regarding Liliuokalanis
ascension to the throne after the passing of her brother, King Kalakaua.

"Newlands Resolution." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newlands_Resolution>.

This secondary source provided additional information on the Joint Resolution passed by Congress
and the Senate to annex Hawaii.

"Queen Lydia Liliuokalani: The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom." Catechumens. N.p., 25 January
 2017. Web. <http://www.catechumenusa.com/2012/08/queen-lydia-liliuokalani -overthrow-of.html>

This secondary source article speaks about the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in detail.
Information gathered was grouped with other secondary sources to construct the Conflict Over
Hawaii page.

"Queen Lili'uokalani." Queen Liliuokalani Trust, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.

<http://www.onipaa.org/pages/queen-liliuokalani>.

This secondary source provided a quote used on the Annexation and Retaliation page of the
website. This quote represents the Queens genuine passion for the Hawaiian people, a crucial
emotion to express her willpower for retaliation.

"Queen Liliuokalani, First and Last Queen Regnant of Hawaii - Amazing Women In History." N.p., n.d.
Web. 25 January 2017. <http://www.amazingwomeninhistory.com/queen-liliuokalani-first
-and-last-queen-regnant-of-hawaii/>

This secondary source spoke about the reign of Queen Liliuokalani and also introduced a bit of her
legacy. We used this information to compose the Background page mostly.

"Ridicule and Rifles: The Bayonet Constitution." 1870 to 1918. N.p., 08 Dec. 2014. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<https://1870to1918.wordpress.com/2014/12/08/ridicule-and-rifles-the-bayonet-constitution/>.

This secondary source went in depth on King Kalakaua especially, going over his unawareness of
the full situation revolving around the Bayonet Constitution. It played a big role in the construction of
our Bayonet Constitution page.

Schamel, Wynell and Charles E. Schamel. "The 1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii." Social
Education 63, 7 (November/December 1999): 402-408. 18 Jan 2017.
<https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/hawaii-petition>

This secondary source provided information on the Hawaiians petition against the annexation of
Hawaii. It also provided a document that serve as a primary source.

"Songs of Liliuokalani - Galliard String Quartet | Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards | AllMusic." AllMusic.
N.p., n.d. Web. 25 January 2017.
<http://www.allmusic.com/album/songs-of-liliuokalani-mw0000063402>

This secondary source provided brief input into the musical hobby of the Queen. Her music is
composed with deep meaning, and has inspired the Galliard String Quartet to perform.

"SpanishAmerican War." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2017.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War>.

This secondary source provided information as to why Hawaii was a need in the midst of the
Spanish-American war.

"The Pardon of Queen Lili'uokalani." Hawaii Alive | Realms: Wao Lani, n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
 <http://www.hawaiialive.org/realms.php?sub=Wao%2BLani&treasure=371&offset=0>.

This secondary source assisted in the explanation of the set of events that occurred during the
overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy. The formatting of the site was easy to understand and allowed
us to process the sequence in a way that would then be easy to project onto our site.

"Who Were These Insurgents Calling Themselves the Committee of Safety?" Hawaiian Kingdom Blog,
16 June 2014. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.
<http://hawaiiankingdom.org/blog/who-were-these-insurgents-calling-themselves-the-committee-of-s
afety/>.

This secondary sources main focus was on the Committee of Safety and Lorrin Thurstons
involvement in the group. This information was used for the Conflict Over Hawaii page.

"Why Was Hawaii Important in U.S. Expansionism?" Enotes.com. Enotes.com, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.
<https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-was-hawaii-important-u-s-expansionism-366879>.

This secondary source provided information as to why the US saw Hawaii as such an important part
in their expansion. It clarified confusion about the motive behind the struggle between nations.

"William H. Cornwell." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Cornwell>.

This secondary source provided insight into the life of William Cornwell, one of the signers of Queen
Liliuokalani's Constitution.

PHOTOS:
Iolani Palace. Digital image. Lehiwa Tours, n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017.
<https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5400562de4b058069a2b0d6e/54042aeee4b05f700aaa6749
/54042c48e4b017ae41b1f3a2/1409559625299/iolani+gate.jpg?format=1000w>.

This secondary source image is used as the main cover of the website. We chose to use the Iolani
Palace as the first image website users see due to the symbol the Palace serves. The Palace was
the place where the Hawaiian monarchy could serve their people, but it soon became something
much different over the span of Liliuokalanis life. All was lost to the American people.

Liliuokalani. Photograph. History. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.

<http://cdn.history.com/sites/2/2013/11/Liliuokalani-hero-H.jpeg>.

This secondary photo source shows the statue of the Queen that stands in Honolulu, specifically
between the Capital Building and the Iolani Palace. This was the best image to use as the
background for our Legacy page because it shows that, in modern times, she is still remembered.
By creating a statue or monument of her, we believe that she is someone of great importance to
Hawaiians.

Liliuokalani Gardens. Digital image. To Hawaii.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2017.
<http://www.to-hawaii.com/big-island/gardens/liliuokalanigardens.php>.
 This secondary source image shows a photo of a now existing location called the LIliuokalani
Gardens. We used this image in our Legacy page to show how Liliuokalani has changed Hawaii
and some ways of how we we remember her.

"Literature of Hawaii." Literature of Hawaii. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2017.

<http://jmattos3.wixsite.com/literatureofhawaii/single-post/2015/03/20/N%C4%81-Kaona-o-Ke-Aloha
-o-Ka-Haku-The-Hidden-Meanings-of-The-Queens-Prayer>.

This secondary source provided a photo of one of Liliuokalanis prayers. Writings were something
the Queen invested her time in during her imprisonment. This gave us the opportunity to actually
see an example of her writings.

BOOKS:

Budnick, Rich. Stolen Kingdom: An American Conspiracy. Aloha Press; Honolulu, Hawaii. 1992. Pgs.
138-142.

This secondary source included a description of Senator James Blounts investigation into the
overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. There were excerpts referring to his actual report. Deeper
analysis was provided as well.

Griffin, Stan. FATHER DAMIEN AND THE LEPERS. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

This secondary source ebook was used to understand the visit of the Queen to the island of
Molokai, where lepers resided.

Kamakaeha, Lydia. Hawaiis Story by Hawaiis Queen. Hawaiian Independence Home Page. Rutland,
VT: Tuttle, 1964. Print

This primary source is Queen Liliuokalanis autobibliography in which she documented all important
events that happened throughout her life. This source can be labelled as our most useful source,
simply due to the raw opinions of the Queen given by the Queen herself. Several quotes on the site
were taken from this book.

Kerr, Gordon. Leaders Who Changed the World. London: Futura, 2009. Print.

This secondary source provided information on the upbringing of the Queen rather than her clashes
with the government.

Westwick, Peter J. "The Cradle of Surfing." The World in the Curl: An Unconventional History of Surfing.
New York: Crown, 2013. N. pag. Print.

This secondary source went into the political conflicts between the two governments. Dole was a
hard enemy to face, and he played a major role in Queen Liliuokalani's and previous King Kalakaua.

VIDEOS:

Queen Lili'uokalani - Aloha'Oe. Queen Lili'uokalani - Aloha'Oe. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2017.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1bIxMYPlas>.

This video provided audio on one of our pages of Queen Liliuokalani' song, Aloha Oe.