Al Musanna College of Technology

Engineering Department

Mechanical Engineering Section

Laboratory Report
Code: ACT/M&I/MIME4222/Semester II 2016-17
Revision : First issue Version : 01
Students Name :
Seat number : Section :

I. Course Description ENGINEERING DESIGN II

II. Course Code: MIME 4222
III. Exercise No:
IV. Duration: 45 min
V. Title: Shear force and bending moment diagrams
VI. Objectives:

A 10.0 m long rectangular beam carries a patch load of 5 N/m (excluding its own
weight) as shown below. Draw the shear force, bending moment diagram and
calculate the shear and normal stresses at mid span and near the support of the
beam. What is the maximum deflection of the beam? E = 200 GPa
I = 510-6 m4.
1. using a 2D beam model
2. using a 3D solid model

VII. Procedure
 1. Solution steps for using a 2D beam model
.Step 1: Solve the problem by hand
Step 2: Analyze the beam using workbench.
In this step, we will first draw the shear force, bending moment, and deflected shape. Then we will analyze this
beam for different stresses in bending.
1) Open Workbench and save the project as Tutorial 3. Drag Static structural project icon to project schematic
window.
Step 3: CAD modeling
1) Double click Geometry to create CAD model and choose meter for units.
2) Generate 4 points at (0,0,0), (2,0,0), (6,0,0) and (10,0,0) using the point tool . In the Details View at the lower
left, under Definition, select Manual Input and enter (0,0,0) for X, Y, and Z coordinate respectively for first point
and (2,0,0), (6,0,0) and (10,0,0) for the other points.
3) Click Concept in the menu bar to draw a line from points. For the first line, choose the first two points by
holding the Ctrl key and selecting the first two points. Then click apply for Point Segments and generate the line.
This will create a line body. Repeat for each pair of points to create 3 lines.
4) Draw the cross-section. To do this, click Concept again and choose Rectangle from Cross-Section, dimension
it to .06 for B and 0.1 for H in Details View. The rectangle named Rect1 is created as shown below. To adjust the
dimension position, right click on the window and choose Move Dimensions.
Now we have to assign the cross-section to this line body. Click on line body. In Details View, beside Cross (5
.Section and choose rectangle (Rect1) that was just created from the
6) Align the cross section with the line body. Select the line body from the Tree and right click mouse. Click on
and leave the cross section alignment default. To bring the cross section in desired orientation, use 90 for rotation
and choose yes for orientation.
Step 4: Open Model and create Finite Element model
Double click on the model in ANSYS window and it will open the Mechanical window. We need to mesh the (1
beam and apply loads and support. For mesh, use the default element size and generate by right clicking on the
.mesh icon and select Generate Mesh
To apply the fixed support, right click on the static structural and go to insert and choose Fixed Support. (2
.Click on left end of the beam and apply button for geometry
On the other end you need to apply a guided support. This can be done with a support called Remote
.Displacement
3) Load the 2nd beam using line pressure of 5 N/mm. Right click on the static structural and choose line pressure.
4) Choose the 2nd line for geometry and apply. From definition, choose defined by Components and write -5
for Y Component (downward load).
5) Plot the Moment Shear and Deflection of the beam. To do this, right click on the Solution, and select Insert
> Beam Results > Bending Moment and Insert > Beam Results > Shear Force. Also select
Insert > Deformation > Total.
The un-deformed beam is shown in light grey, by using the Show Undeformed Model option of the contour
display button. The two end moments can be found by using the tool.
6) Next we want to draw the shear force and moment diagrams. For this, we need to define the path for these
diagrams. Select the beam (all 3 lines) for path, right click on the Solution in the Tree menu and choose insert ->
beam results -> shear moment diagram. This will add the Total Shear Moment Diagram below the solution
information.
Change the Total Shear-Moment Diagram to Direction Shear moment diagram (VZ-MY-UZ). The reason to (7
choose VZ-MY-UZ is that the ANSYS Z-axis is same as the DesignModeler Y-axis as shown below. This will
also give us negative and positive moments (vs just magnitude)
.Step 5: Solve the problem
1. By selecting the Directional-shear-moment diagram we see the results.Using the Beam Tool, we can plot the
bending stresses. The max bending stress is 6.2669e5 pa.,

2. Solution steps for using a 2D beam model

Step 1: CAD modelling
Choose XY Plane and sketch a rectangle of .06 m wide and .01 m high. Extrude the shape 10m to get the basic (1
.solid bar
Now we need to tell Ansys to create a face where the load can be applied. Click on icon for new plane and (2
chose From Face. Select the top of the beam and hit Apply. Now sketch a rectangle over the beam. Add
dimensions for the distance from the end of the beam to the rectangle (2m) and for the length of the rectangle
.(4m)
Extrude the rectangle through the beam with the option Imprint Faces. By Doing this we have created a (3
.separate surface on which to apply the load
Step 2) Open Model and Create the Finite Element model
.Return to the ANSYS Window, and click Model (1
The Mechanical window shows one solid. We need to mesh the beam and apply loads and support. Under (2
.mesh, insert a body sizing option and set the mesh size to 0.015m
To apply support, right click on the static structural and go to insert and choose Fixed Support for one end (3
.face. Click on other end face of the beam and apply a Remote Displacement
.Set the Y component to Free, and all others to 0
.Load the beam (4
Select pressure from the static structural and choose top middle face of the beam. Click apply for geometry and
write 83.3 for magnitude (w = 5 N/m, width of beam = .06 m, so pressure = 5/0.06 = 83.3 Pa). Hit solve to get
.results
Output (5
.To get the deflection, right-click on Solution and select Deformation: Total Deformation
IX. Result / Conclusion
Plot the following results
Total Deformation (1
Total Shear Force (2
Total Bending Moment (3
Directional Shear-Moment Diagram (VZ-MY-UZ) (4
Exercise for practice
Exercise: Make 2 models of the fixed-pinned T-section steel frame shown below (with beam and solid elements).
Find the pressure that needs to be applied on a 200 mm x 200 mm central load patch to cause yielding. Comment
on the results and identify potential concerns.

Items Beam model Solid model

Mid-span deflection
Max. bending stress (MPa)
Max. shear stress (MPa)
Comments