Nuclear Aspects of Overlapping Holographic Phase Patterns

Bernd Binder
preprint SPESIF 2011, 25-28.05.2010

Quanics, P.O. Box 1247, 88679 Salem, Germany

binder@quanics.com

Abstract. In this paper we will qualitatively evaluate the local and rather strong interaction of overlapping low-
dimensional holographic memories patterns emerging between topological charges and point particles carrying spin,
where the energy is given by the sum or integral over the squared holographic signal real part. We find that the
interactions are controlled by neutral Berry type geometric phases with holographic patterns preferring structures very
typical for small nuclear charges. It is conjectured that the mediating neutral patterns responsible for interaction and
energy shifts are neutrons and neutrinos, where attractive interaction can get very strong if the neutral Berry phase
patterns of the nuclear cluster are in phase. A cluster of four partially overlapping topological charge memory patterns
describing the special Beryllium situation provides for evidence that the stability of a cluster memory pattern depends
on phase relationships given by phase symmetries related to the existence of a central neutral pattern and energy
decrease. Forcing special phase conditions between rotated rotators this principle could act as a prototype for
holographic energy releases/drives.

GENERAL MESSAGE

Holography has become part of the most fundamental field theories. The notion of holography is probably not
necessary to describe basic interactions, but it surely can serve very effectively as a meta description level regarding
mappings and transformations between different-dimensional spaces. Since holographic patterns can directly arise
from diffraction (in our case Fresnel type), it is likely that particle information in the quantum range is coded by
diffraction interference onto a common virtual screen. Information is given by spin and charge, the screen could be
an energy-momentum boundary, where the real part of a diffraction wave function can be projected. In holography
higher-dimensional geometric field structures are mapped (e.g. by conformal operations and phase interference) onto
lower-dimensional representations on its boundary and vice versa having the same information-entropy, in other
words, all of the information contained in a volume of space is encoded on the curved boundary of that region. This
conjecture was proposed by 't Hooft (1994), improved and promoted by Susskind (1995), and later theoretically
supported by the AdS/CFT correspondence (Malcadena, 1998, Witten, 1998) showing dualities between theories
with gravity and theories without gravity, a kind of qualitative correspondence between a gauge theory and gravity.

FIGURE 1. Left the ideal circular symmetric Fresnel zones (FZ) with topological charge M = 0, in the mid and right spiral
Fresnel zones (FZS) with M = 1 and 2, respectively.
 Interactions of mobile structures part of these kinds of dynamical holograms would be a natural consequence of
sharing holographic information in a common storage space. Diffraction structures can generate holographic
memories (interference patterns). Subject to coherent waves these patterns can reproduce the diffraction structure
that is the holographic image. We must distinguish between two types of holographic interactions: (a) short-range
between holographic memories and (b) long-range between holographic images. In type (a) interactions holographic
patterns overlap (Binder 2009b, 2010). The overlap of holographic (interference) patterns of topological charges
(local twists and phase singularities) shows a second level interference, where spatial separated geometric phase
patterns (memory clusters) show a characteristic correlation or interaction. Theoretically, we consider the geodesic
flow on curved surfaces and the holographic projections (real part) onto the lower-dimensional Poincaré disc
(Binder 2009a, 2009b, 2010), where the local spin and charge property are encoded in the topological pattern with
phase singularities that are magnetic monopoles. The location of the disc carrying the memory pattern as a
probability pattern generating possible future image patterns could be assigned to the time coordinate in the
hyperbolic case (x0 in Binder 2009b, 2010), which has -although located in the future- a causal background from
chaotic spin precession coupling. Fresnel diffraction type holographic patterns are very effective holographic
memory patterns. In our considerations and computer simulations the generation of Fresnel patterns (FZ) can be
related to wavelet properties (Liebling, 2003), where the extra topological twist of Fresnel Spiral zones (FZS) has
the typical twist angle proportional to the square of the radius encoding topological phase singularities (Heckenberg
et al, 1992). In this paper we will evaluate the most likely topological charges and cluster structures from
interactions given by global phase relation of holographic patterns, where the criteria will be the signal energy of the
diffraction pattern that depends on the overlap of patterns carrying charges. Figures 2 - 6 show the central message
of this paper given in the abstract.

LOCAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OVERLAPPING HOLOGRAPHIC MEMORIES

Consider a plane monochromatic wave spreading in the holographic depth coordinate. If this plane wave interferes
with the spherical wave diffracted by point diffraction according to the Huygens principle, we get the Fresnel
interference pattern in the orthogonal image plane or on the curved hypersurface. A hologram can be thought as a
coherent superposition of many point holograms or point diffractions, which is the Fresnel zone pattern on the image
plane, see Figure 1. Reversely, the point hologram can focus a plane wave back onto a point located at any depth
acting as a Fresnel lense or spiral or non-spiral Fresnel plate (FSP, FZS) generating extreme local field densities.

d0

FIGURE 2. Instable (left) and stable (right) Beryllium model (gradient image). Left 4-Be-8: all topological spiral
patterns are in phase, 180° rotational symmetry, almost no energy decrease. Right 4-Be-9: all neutral
patterns are in phase showing a center pattern or mode, 90° rotational symmetry.
 The local interference patterns of these topological patterns arising and mediating in the overlap region between
charged or twisted holographic patterns (FZS) can force the emergence of neutral solitons and virtual patterns. These
patterns resemble very much lightweight nuclear structures responsible for a strong local correlation and attractive
interaction. It turns out that a global phase relationship induced by a coherent and usually monochromatic reference
plays an important role for the binding energy as the central stability criterion, revealing the possible role of
photons, neutrons, and neutrinos.

E Energy from Overlap

1,20

8-Be
9-Be

1,10

1,00

radial distance
0,90
0 d0

FIGURE 3. Relative holographic signal energies (square sum or integral of the real part amplitude) due to the memory
pattern overlap for 4-Be-8 (instable) and 4-Be-9 (perfectly stable). The dashed yellow line is the distance.

protons

8 O

7 N
6 C

5 B

4 Be

3 Li

2 He

1 H

0 n

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 neutrons

FIGURE 4. Isotope chart. 4-Be-9 is perfectly stable although it is not on the dashed diagonal line (where the number of protons
equals the number of neutrons). The more black the more likely the isotopes. 4-Be-8 has a very small binding
energy, see Figure 3.
 We assume that neutrons are the strong neutral resonance patterns located between charged patterns emerging
from a primary interference given by the overlap. Additional neutral patterns or modes can emerge from a secondary
interference between neutral/neutral and neutral/charged patterns, see Z = 6 in Figure 6. These neutral FZ patterns
carry rather small signal energies and could be assigned to neutrinos.

Memory
plane

x0

Image plane
d0
FIGURE 5. Holographic memory and image plane with two overlapping topological charges (black) carrying spin (2-
He-3) and a neutral particle (gray) from diffracting the real memory pattern (Fresnel lense) reversely.

Looking at the phase difference in the neutral/spiral Fresnel patterns between 4-Be-8 (0%, totally unstable) and
4-Be-9 (100%, extremely stable), see fig. 2, there are characteristic spiral orientations of the charged patterns
connected to the neutral fringe patterns emerging in the overlap region. It seems that a stable configuration requires
that all neutral patterns connecting charged patterns are in phase supporting ring cluster geometry. This principle is
mostly evident for Beryllium having only one stable configuration but also present in other clusters shown below.
The 4-Be-9 cluster has a considerable radial energy dependence (potential, see Figure 3) showing oscillations
decreasing with radial distance. With the charged and not the neutral patterns in phase in 4-Be-8, the coherent
overlap neutral pattern in the center -responsible for the energy decrease and 90° rotational symmetry - is missing.
The same effect can be found with 5-B-10 (19.9%) and 5-B-11 (80.1%), where the effect becomes weaker with
increasing ring diameter since the overlap region in the center has decreased, see Figures 4 and 6. Adding more
charges the overlap region at the center becomes too small to prefer an extra neutral pattern in the center, see Figure
6. This can be seen at 6-C-12 (98.9%) and 6-C-13 (1.1%) or 7-N-14 (99.6%) and 7-N-15 (0.4%). The ring
configuration could be the reason why a 2-He-4 pattern is preferred over a 2-He-3 pattern, see Figures 2, 5 and 6.
From our simulations we get energy decreases due to the overlap effect in the range of about 1% - 8% of the
mean energy per charged nucleon. In the 4-Be-9 simulations shown in Figures 2, 3 and 6 the proton distance was d0.
Including Coulomb repulsion effects the relative decrease should be around 1.5% (15 MeV for a 1 GeV proton),
which can be realized in our model. It should be noted that the energy decrease also depends on the ratio
holographic depth x0 in the extra dimension to the scattering particle diameter, which is in the range 2 – 5, see Figure
5. The diffraction of the memory pattern (acting as a Fresnel lense) recurrently generates the image pattern of the
topological charges with an additional neutral particle located between the topological charges, see Figure 5.
FIGURE 6. Holographic patterns with Z = 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 topological charges. Interesting is the number of topological
(charged, spiral) patterns versus the number of geometric (neutral, circular) patterns from overlap in a
ring configuration.

SUMMARY

The lower-dimensional memory wavelet patterns are more non-local than its point-like image patterns in higher
dimensions and show therefore overlap effects. The existence of memory overlap patterns and corresponding short-
range interactions can be supported by signal energy and symmetry considerations. We must distinguish between (a)
short-range and (b) long-range holographic interactions. For type (a) the local nature of the overlap effect can
provide for very strong interactions at a short range depending on the size of the pattern. Assuming a ring
configuration for small Z memory clusters, a Z-gonal phase symmetry provides for a neutral pattern phase
synchronicity supporting a neutral pattern at the center reducing the total signal energy. Our considerations suggest
that theses neutral patterns are neutrons and neutrinos from the overlap between charged and neutral patterns. The
special Beryllium holographic configuration, where Z = 4 topological patterns (proton charges) partially overlap,
provides for strong evidence that the stability of holographic memory patterns (due to the pattern overlap interaction
energy) depend on phase relationships given by phase symmetries. Here the 4-gonal phase symmetry supports 5
neutral patterns.

CONCLUSIONS

Holographic memory patterns carrying topological charges (FZS phase singularities) can represent the
holographic encoding of spin and charge (Binder 2009c, 2010), where the monopole charges emerging from a linear
spin-precession coupling produce anholonomy as the information carrier. In this situation the resulting Berry phase
patterns can be assigned to the non-spiraling FZ neutral Fresnel zones (known from Fresnel diffraction) that can be
found in the overlapping or interfering region between spiral patterns. Forcing special phase conditions between
rotated rotators (precessing gyroscopes) this principle could act as a prototype for holographic energy
releases/drives. A Berry phase is also proposed to be part of the Coulomb interaction (Binder, 2002, 2008a, 2008c)
probably mediated by neutral FZ as the virtual photons (Binder 2010). Reading and writing the holographic
information could support a recurrent situation between memories and its images stabilizing geometric structures
(space-time signatures) in the following nonlinear cyclic sense: holographic information or memories can generate
curvature patterns (reading higher dimensional information) providing for geometric phases storing holographic
information (writing lower dimensional information) recurrently generating curvature patterns and so on ...
In our model 2d holographic memory structures are localized on a 3d holographic image surface forming the 4d
cosmic bulk. As already showed previously, the long-range interaction in type (b) interactions between point-like
images can be quantified by Gauss and Stokes law for current exchange between local holographic images (sources)
and referenced to a unit scale (Binder 2007, 2008). There could be additional cosmic effects driven by holographic
interactions: between higher-dimensional holographic bulk image structures and lower-dimensional holographic
memory units must be a steady momentum exchange (Binder 2008c). If memory units are spatially separated the
exchange of quanta generates a pressure, if the units are mobile we get expansion. In the mobile case the spatial
expansion of higher-dimensional holographic (cosmic) image leads to a relative compression of lower-dimensional
holographic (quantum) memory because of radial symmetries, showing a scaling duality between small quantum and
large cosmic scales.

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