DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

JAYPEE INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, NOIDA

Industrial Training Synopsis Submission

ON

Introduction To Power Plant

Submitted By :

Venu Vedant (13102406)

Evaluated By : Ms. Garima Kapur

Supervised By : Mr. A.K Pramanik (AGM C&I)

Start Date of Training : 08-Jul-2016

End Date of Training : 04-Aug-2016

 INTRODUCTION

NTPC Limited is the largest thermal power generating company of India, Public Sector Company. It was

incorporated in the year 1975 to accelerate power development in the country as a wholly owned company of

the Government of India. At present, Government of India holds 89.5% of the total equity shares of the

company and the balance 10.5% is held by FIIs, Domestic Banks, Public and others. Within a span of 31

years, NTPC has emerged as a truly national power company, with power generating facilities in all the major

regions of the country.

CORPORATE VISION:

To be the worlds largest and best power producer, powering Indias growth

CORE VALUES:

B- Business ethics

C-Customer focus

O-Organizational & professional pride

M-Mutual respect & trust

I-Innovation & speed

T-Total quality for excellence

 THERMAL POWER PLANT

A thermal power station consists of all the equipments and a subsystem required to produce electricity

by using a steam generating boiler fired with fossil fuels to drive an electric generator. Some prefer to

use the term ENERGY CENTER because such facilities convert form of energy like heat energy

(derived from the combustion of fuel) into electrical energy.

Typical components of a coal power thermal power station:-

Cooling water pump

Three phase transmission line

Electrical generator

Surface condenser

Intermediate pressure steam turbine

Steam control valve

Turbine

Coal conveyer

Coal pulverizer

Boiler steam drum

Force draught (draft) fan

Fuel gas stack

Deaerator
CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION

This division basically calibrates various instruments and takes care of any faults occur in any of the

auxiliaries in the plant.

This department is the brain of the plant because from the relays to transmitters followed by the

electronic computation chipsets and recorders and lastly the controlling circuitry, all fall under this.

Instrumentation can be well defined as a technology of using instruments to measure and control the

physical and chemical properties of a material.

AUTOMATION

During stable generation of power, the modulating portion of the automation system keeps the actual

generated power value within the limits of the desired load demand. During major load changes, the

automation system automatically redefines new set points and switches ON or OFF process pieces, to

automatically bring the individual processes in an optimally coordinated way to the new desired load

demand. This load transfer is executed according to pre- programmed adaptively controlled load

gradients and in a safe way.

TEMPERATURE MONITORING

We can use Thernocouples or RTDs(Resistance Temperature Detector) for temperature monitoring

Normally RTDs are used for low temperatures.

Thermocoup1e selection depends upon two factors:

Temperature Range

Accuracy Required

Normally used Thermocouple is K Type Thermocouple:

Chromel (Nickel-Chromium Alloy) / Alumel (Nickel-Aluminium Alloy)

This is the most commonly used general purpose thermocouple. It is inexpensive and, owing to its

popularity, available in a wide variety of probes. They are available in the 200 C to +1200 C

range. Sensitivity is approximately 41 V/C.

We pass a constant current through the RTD. So that if R changes then the Voltage also changes

RTDs used in Industries are Pt100 and Pt1000 . They are available in the 240 C to +649 C range

The gauges used for Temperature measurements are mercury filled Temperature gauges

For Analog medium thermocouples are used

And for Digital medium Switches are used which are basically mercury switches.
NTPC ANALYSIS

Figure 1:Thermal Power Plant Layout

NTPC is the largest power company in India with an electric power generating capacity of 45,548

MW. Although the company has approx. 16% of the total national capacity it contributes to over 25%

of total power generation. NTPC Dadri is a unique power plant of NTPC group which has both coal

based thermal plant and gas based thermal plant of 1820 MW and 817 MW respectively and 5 MW

solar plant totaling 2642 MW.