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Abstract: - The spacecraft propulsion system has passed for diverse evolutions, leaving combustion engines and
arriving at ion propulsion. The future interplanetary missions will probably use the conventional chemical
rockets to leave the sphere of influence of the Earth, and solar electric propulsion (SEP) to accomplish the other
maneuvers of the mission. The optimization of maneuvers will be approached in interplanetary missions using
solar electric propulsion and Gravity Assisted Maneuver attended to reduce the costs of the mission. Exploring
the high specific impulse and the capacity of the electric propulsion to obtain a Gravity Assisted Maneuver with
the Earth after a year of the departure of the spacecraft.
Shall be analyzed missions with thrusters PPS1350 and the Phall 1 for performance comparison. An indirect
optimization method will be used in the simulations.
H j + + t t j = 0 ( 15 )
t j t j 4 Numerical Analysis with Phall 1
(UNB)
H j t t j = 0 ( 16 )
+ t j t j+ + The researchers of the Plasma Laboratory of the
+
Physics Institute of the Brasilia University (UNB),
t since 2002, pledge in the study and development of a
j t x j = 0 ( 17 ) propellant that uses a plasma propulsion system
x j x j
produced by current Hall, based on Stationary Plasma
Thrusters (SPT). They use permanent magnets with
t
j + + t x j = 0 ( 18 ) generating the magnetic field, reducing the electricity
+ x j x j+ + consumption.
+
The characteristics of the spacecraft propulsion system
Where: are:
1.the mass of the spacecraft with an altitude of 200 km
: the vector collecting the constraining boundary
in circular LEO is 2133.3 Kg;
conditions (see eq. 15 - 18)
2.specific impulse Is = 1607s :
= mf 3.specific energy = 0.06;
At the initial point: 4. = 2 126 mN (thruster Phall 1 - UNB);
5.nominal thruster To = 1 UA;
1. r0 = r ; 6.The time: time = 0 corresponds to the date
2. m o = 1 bV cV2 01/01/2000.
3. (v0 v )2 = v20 ; Diverse missions can be implemented with the
4.Equations 16 and 18 provide optimal control with ro optimization algorithm used in this work, of which the
and Tro free; main ones are: transference with free time (to change
to the space vehicle orbit without restrictions to the
etc.
0
trajectories depend on the mission objectives, for -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
spacecraft
Were considered similar missions (Direct, EGA, 1.5
Earth
2002TC70
EMGA) for the asteroid 200TC70 and analyzed the
parameters considered important in this project, such 1
-0.5
Departure:
-1
Asteroid 2002TC70
PPS 1350 (Is= 1550s) (2 x 70mN) Hall (UNB) (Is= 1607s) (2 x 126mN)
Vel Vel
Duration m V Duration m V
Date (Electric) Date (Electric)
(days) (% m0) (km/s) (days) (% m0) (km/s)
(km/s) (km/s)
Flyby: 0 Flyby: 0
Departure: Departure:
14/07/2013 06/07/2013
1052.85 77.68% 3.83917757 1.25579628 748.24 78.46% 3.820898907 1.117814179
Arrival: Arrival:
01/06/2016 24/07/2015
Flyby: 1 Earth Gravity Assisted (EGA) Flyby: 1 Earth Gravity Assisted (EGA)
Departure: Departure:
13/05/2016 12/05/2027
Flyby - Earth: Flyby - Earth:
883.40 86.84% 2.14480657 0.8376562 845.23 87.89% 2.034274163 0.870011798
30/07/2017 01/08/2028
Arrival: Arrival:
13/10/2018 03/09/2029
Flyby: 2 - Earth Mars Gravity Assisted (EMGA) Flyby: 2 - Earth Mars Gravity Assisted (EMGA)
Departure: Departure:
11/02/2017 31/01/2017
Flyby - Earth: Flyby - Earth:
11/05/2018 08/05/2018
1081.15 87.39% 2.04883921 0.58081769 1035.51 88.86% 1.86129921 0.647333385
Flyby - Mars: Flyby - Mars:
17/11/2018 18/11/2018
Arrival: Arrival:
28/01/2020 02/12/2019
Figure 4 - Comparative table of the use of the flyby for asteroids 2002TC70 using two Thrusters.
5 Conclusion References
The search for the best initial parameters for a mission
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Acknowledgment Assisted Maneuver and Solar Electric Propulsion
(Sep) Towards Near-Earth-Objects", Proceedings
This work was accomplished with the support of of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on
FAPESP Brazil, INPE National Institute for Space APPLIED and THEORETICAL MECHANICS
Research Brazil, and Instituto Politecnico de Torino (MECHANICS '08), pg 62-68 , Cairo, Egypt
Italy. December 29-31, 2008.
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