Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources:
14. Abbey, Susannah. "Freedom Hero: Ruby Bridges." Freedom Heros, 11 Aug. 2014,
myhero.com/hero.asp?hero=rubybridges. Accessed 15 Dec. 2016.
We used this source for a brief look at the topic Ruby Bridges. This source was used for
extra information. We chose this source to be Primary because the author was there during Ruby
Bridges day.

9. Bridges, Ruby. "Ruby Bridges: A Class of One." PBS, 5 Oct. 1970. PBS, www.pbs.org/.
Interview.
With this source, we got to know Ruby. We recorded information about how she felt/
what she remembers about integrating that first year. It helped us deeply understand what Ruby
thought and understood through her integration process. This is a primary source because these
are the exact words of Ruby.

18. Bridges, Ruby. "Ruby Bridges Foundation." Ruby Bridges Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Oct.
2013.
This source told us more about what the government was doing and how they chose to
desegregate schools. It also helped us view things from her own perspective, which makes it a
primary resource.

19. Bridges, Ruby. "My Story." Scholastic News -- Edition 1 58.5 (2002): 3. Science Reference
Center. Web. 11 Jan. 2017
This source taught us more about Ruby: her personality, integration process and more.
This is a primary source because it has pictures/doccuments of Ruby.

11. Briggs, Harry, Jr. Dissenting Opinion of Judge Waites Waring in Harry Briggs, Jr. Eastern
District of South Carolinia, MS 279306.
 Through this site we understood the thoughts of the government about the Brown v Board
of Education law and how they would apply it to their lives. This is primary because it is a
recording of a government meeting.

16. Burdeau, Cain. "Civil rights pioneer: U.S. divided by race again." Daily Herald, 14 Nov.
2014,www.dailyherald.com. Accessed 15 Dec. 2016.
We used this source for extra information. On this website was information about Ruby.
We chose this source to be primary because it had a video of Ruby on it.

1. Cardwell, Dianne. "Black Girl's Courage in 1960 Inspires Children." New York Times, 15 Nov.
2000.
With this site we began to understand the thoughts of the world about Rubys integration.
Although this was written 40 years later, it explained the thoughts of how it was. This is primary
because it was a memory from New York Times newspaper recorded during Rubys integration

12. "Civil Rights - Ruby Bridges." Youtube, uploaded by Jaime McGrath, 22 Jan. 2013,
www.youtube.com. Accessed 1 Dec. 2016.
This source had a quote from Ruby on it. We used this source for specific information
such as many quotes from Ruby herself talking. We chose this source to be primary because she
was talking herself.

4. Coles, Robert. The Story of Ruby Bridges. Scholastic Inc, 1995.

This book is a book written by Rubys psychiatrist. The information written in this book
included topics we didnt know about, such as how she would pray for the rioters twice a day.
This is a primary resource because Rubys own words were recorded in here and the views of her
psychiatrist.

20. Davis, Samuel. "Honoring Ruby. (Cover Story)." Scholastic News -- Edition 3 71.13 (2015):
2. Science Reference Center. Web. 11 Jan. 2017
This was a news story about Ruby Bridges and how the School Systems honor her, it was
a while after she integrated. This is a primary source because it is a newsletter.
13. D.C., Legislature, Assembly, Congressional Record. Southern Manifesto on Integration
(March 12, 1956). 2006. 1956 Legislature, 2nd session.
This site also gave us an idea on what the government's thoughts were during the time of
integration. It is Primary because it was a document made by Government.

23. Julien, Eric. "Ruby Bridges." New Orleans Magazine, 2017, www.myneworleans .com/New-
Orleans-Magazine/ October-2010/RUBY-BRIDGES/. Accessed 1 Feb. 2017.
We used this source for extra information. The info on this source was a photograph of
Ruby. We chose this source to be primary because it was a photo of Ruby herself.

16. Kansas, Legislature, Assembly, Kansas. Brown Vs. Board of Education 40 Years Later. 1998.
1998 Legislature.
This site helped us realize what the government thought about integration and why they
decided to begin integration. This is a government document so it is primary.

3. Networks, Sandbox. "Integration." InfoPlease, 2000-2016, infoplease.com.

We used this source for extra information. This source had extra background information
on Ruby. This source is primary because it also included photos of Ruby.

5. "Rosa Parks Biography." Bio, A&E Television Networks, www.biography.com

We used this source for information on how to really understand what integration and
segregation was. On this source was extra information on Ruby. This source is primary because it
included photos and a real clear understanding of what happened on the day Ruby entered
William Frantz school.

10."Ruby Bridges Goes to School." PBS, Productions Credits, www.google.com

This source gave us more information about Rubys integration process. It taught us how
she made a move in civil rights. This is a primary source because it has a video of Ruby Bridges
walking into school.

26. "Ruby Bridges." Rare Historical Photos, 2016, rarehistoricalphotos.com/ruby-bridges-1960/.

Accessed 1 Feb. 2017.
 We used this source for extra information such as a picture of ruby walking into school.
This source had information about Ruby. This source is primary because it was a photo.

24. "Ruby Bridges." Rare Historical Photos, 2016, rarehistoricalphotos.com/ruby-bridges-1960/.

Accessed 1 Feb. 2017.
We used this source for my website. On this source was photos and extra information on
Ruby. This source is primary because it has photos of Ruby.

15. "Ruby Bridges Statue." Freedom March of Art, freedommarchofart.com. Accessed 15 Dec.
2016.
We used this source for a photo and information of Ruby. This source included a statue of
Ruby. We chose this source to be primary because it was a photo.

2.Ruby Bridges, Through My Eyes (New York: Scholastic, 1999): Jessie Carney Smith, Black
Firsts (Canton, Michigan: Visible Ink Press, 2003)
This was probably the first source we used. It gave us a general picture of who Ruby is
and why she is important in history, this book inspired us to do Ruby Bridges for National
History Day. It is a Primary source because it includes Newspaper Articles from New York
Times, and more.

6. Sanchez, Ray. "Race and Reality:The Scourge of Segregation." CNN, 1 Dec. 2015.
We used this source for a background on segregation. The info on this source was a
picture of segregation. We chose this source to be primary because it was a picture.

21.Starchan, Sue. "The First Black Child to Integrate a School in the South." Pace Persona[New
Orleans] 13 Oct. 2013: n. pag. Rpt. in Pace Persona. N.p.: Renaissance LLC, 2013. 1. Explora.
Web. 11 Jan. 2017.
This source was a newspaper article written many years after Ruby integrated. It gave us
more information about when she integrated and how. This is a primary source because it is a
first-hand newspaper article.

7. Stonaker, Brielle, and Arica Shepard. "Segregation." Segregation, www.kawvalley.htm

 We used this source for extra information on Ruby Bridges. There was info on this source
such as how many blacks were slaves, how they tried to fight segregation, and how louisiana
required separate entrances for blacks and whites. We chose this source to be primary because it
had true information and a picture.

8. The New York Times November 11, 1968" ["The New York Times November 11, 1968"]. New
York Times, 11 Nov. 1968.
This source gave us information about what the public thought about Ruby integrating. It
discouraged us thinking about how mad the public was because she was integrating. This is a
primary source because it is a newspaper article.

17. "Lasting Impact." Weebly.com, rubybridgesasingh.weebly.com.Accessed 22 Nov.2016.

We use this site for extra information. The info on this source was a quote from Ruby
Bridges herself. We chose this site to be a primary source because Ruby said this herself and it
was about being born with a clean heart then turning our children to learning about racism.

22. Julien, Eric. "Ruby Bridges." New Orleans Magazine, 2017, www.myneworleans .com/New-
Orleans-Magazine/ October-2010/RUBY-BRIDGES/. Accessed 1 Feb. 2017.
We used this source for extra information. The info on this source was a photograph of
Ruby. This source is primary because this source included a photo and clear information of Ruby.

25. "President Obama Meets Civil Rights Icon Ruby Bridges." K8 Librarian, 3 Feb. 2013,
k8librarian.wordpress.com/2013/02/03/
living-history-the-fisk-jubilee-singers-ruby-bridges-jackie-robinson-and-kadir-nelson/.
We used this source for extra information. This source was a photo of Mr. Obama and
Ruby Bridges in front of a photo of Ruby. This source is primary because it is a photo.

27."Waiting Room for Colored Only." Flickr, 4 May 2012,

www.flickr.com/photos/putnams_photos/
7141879385. Accessed 14 Feb. 2017.
We used this source for my website. This source was a photo of a sign that is for colored
only. This source is primary because it is a photo.
 Secondary Sources:
27. "A Class Act. (Cover Story)." Scholastic News -- Edition 4 73.8 (2010): 4. Science Reference
Center. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.
This source gave us a lot of information on who Ruby really was and why she was
important in history. It is a secondary source because it has photos of Ruby on it
6. "Bibliography: Ruby Bridges." Ducksters, Technological Solutions Inc, Nov. 2016,
www.ducksters.com.Accessed 21 Nov. 2016.
We used this source for lots of information. There was a lot of info on this site, the format
of this site was mostly like a timeline of what exactly happened to Ruby Bridges and how she
desegregated an all-white school. We got a bundle of information from this source. We chose this
site to be secondary because the source didnt tell the form of what indeed happened.

1. Bio. A&E Television Networ, biography.com. Accessed 9 Nov. 2016.

This website was a general biography about Rubys life. It taught us about who Ruby
was/is. It gave us great information. This is secondary because it is a regular website.

5. Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery: By Another Name. Anchor Books, 2008.

We used this source for extra information - before Ruby was born. The info on this source
was information about slavery. We chose this to be secondary because it didnt have any pictures.

19. Carolyn. "Today in Mighty Girl History -- Ruby Bridges Integrates Southern School." A
Mighty Girl, 14 Nov. 2012, www.amightygirl.com. Accessed 7 Dec. 2016.
We used the source in my project for extra information. The info on the source was what
happened, where Ruby Bridges went to school, and when the mobs started and when they
disappeared. This site is secondary because the person that wrote the site was not there.

20. Croft, Diane. "Ruby Bridges and Her Teacher Reunite Because of a Print-Braille Book."
Ruby Bridges, 18 Sept. 2013, nationalbraillepress.wordpress.com. Accessed 15 Dec. 2016.
We used this source for extra information. The information on this source was a reunited
day collabed with Ruby and her old teacher , Mrs. Henry. We chose this source to be secondary
because the website maker was not there that day.

9.Domain, Public. "Ruby Bridges with U.S. Marshals." Black past, BlackPast.org.
This was a website about Rubys integration. It taught us about why New Orleans was
forced to allow intigration. This is a secondary source because it is a website.
23. Georgia, Digital Library. "New Orleans School Integration" ["New Orleans School
Integration"].Digital Library of Georigia, WSB-TV Newsfilm Collection, 6 Nov. 2016,
crdl.usg.edu. Accessed 6 Nov. 2016.
This taught us about the integration of New Orleans. Again, it gave us a general
explanation of what the public thought about integration and what happened that day/time
period. This is a secondary source because it is second hand information.

17. HANCOCK, LYNNELL. "How School Desegregation Unraveled." Nation 303.19 (2016):
MAS Ultra - School Edition. Web. 2 Dec. 2016
This source taught us about Rubys integration. It was another source that gave us
general information about this time period and specific event. It is a secondary source because it
is second hand information.

21. McBride, Alex. "Expanding Civil Rights" ["Expanding Civil Rights"]. PBS, WNET/New
York, Dec. 2006, www.pbs.org/.
This source was about Ruby growing up. It gave us information about her early life and
what she liked to do. This is a secondary source because it is a webiste.

13. Michals, Debra. "Ruby Bridges." National Women's History Museum. National Women's
History Museum, 2015. Date accessed.
This website was about Mrs. Henry. It taught us that she was the only willing teacher to
teach a black student. This is secondary because it is just a regular website.

11. M, Jaclyn. "The Story of Ruby Bridges Book Report-Diary." The Story of Ruby
Bridges.http://fazzolara12.wikis
We used this source for extra information. There was a video on this source about
segregation. we chose this source to be secondary because it was a video of segregation
happening, but it was a brief description of segregation.

18. Record Admidistration, U.S. National Archives and. "Documents Related to Brown Verses
Board of Education" ["Documents Related to Brown Versus Board of Education"]. National
Archives, U.S National Archives and Record Admidistration, www.archives.gov/. Accessed 15
Aug. 2016.
This source included documents about the Brown v Board of Education and Plessy v.
Ferguson. We got information related to Ruby about what allowed her to integrate. This is a
primary source because it included government documents.

24. "Ruby Bridges Desegregates a School." PBS Socal, www.pbssocal.org. Accessed 20 Dec.
2016.
We used this source for information such as what happened mostly before and after Ruby
took a foot in the school. The info on the source was about how NAACP won the major legal
victory with the Brown vs. Board of Education, and what the south did. We chose this site to be
secondary because it didnt have any information clearly stating that they were at the place and at
what time.

25. "Ruby Bridges Desegregates a School." Thirteen Media with Impact, 19 Nov. 2013,
www.thirteen.org.Accessed 20 Dec. 2016.
This source contained extra information on Ruby. We used this source for extra
information on Rubys life. We chose this source to be secondary because it had a brief
understanding of what happened the day Ruby went to William Frantz school.

14. "Ruby Bridges 1998 Full Movie." Youtube, uploaded by Alex Movies Z7, 29 Jan. 2015,
www.youtube.com. Accessed 1 Dec. 2016.
We used this source for information on what exactly happened the day of Ruby Bridges
taking a stand. On this source, there is a video/ movie on ruby bridges as what happened that day.
We chose this source to be secondary because it wasnt a actual video of Ruby Bridges taking a
stand, it was a video just like that day.

2. "Ruby Bridges at the National Conference on Volunteering and Service.". Youtube, 7 June
2011,youtube.com
This source taught us about what was going on at the mobs how people chose to protest
from the views of Ruby. This information was important because it taught us about the reality of
this for Ruby, and it was extremely scary. This is a primary source because it is from the views of
Ruby.

3. Ruby Bridges, Through My Eyes (New York: Scholastic, 1999): Jessie Carney Smith, Black
Firsts (Canton, Michigan: Visible Ink Press, 2003) -
This book introduced us to Ruby Bridges, it taught us about who she is and how the
public viewed her. This is a secondary source because it explains what happens in a primary
source book.

16. "Ruby the Brave." Scholastic News, vol. 1, Feb. 2014, pp. 1-4.
We used this source for extra information. The info that was on this source was extra
information about Ruby Bridges. We chose this source to be secondary because there were no
actual sightings of clear content.

15. Strachan, Sue. "Ruby Bridges." New Orleans Magazine 45.1 (2010): 26. MasterFILE
Premier. Web. 2 Dec. 2016
This website was about Rubys integration. It taught us about what she wore when she
integrated the first day and about the general process. This is secondary because it is an average
website.
10. Technological Solutions Inc. "Biography Ruby Bridges" ["Biography Ruby Bridges"].
Ducksters,
This source included information about Ruby growing up. We learned about what Ruby
enjoyed doing including sports and climbing trees. This is a secondary source because the
information on this site was found from other second-hand sites.

4. Washington, Booker T. Up from Slavery. Vol. 3, 1901.

With this source, We learned a little more about slavery. This source included information
about slavery. We chose this source to be secondary because this person was not there the day of
slavery.

7. Wolf, Rowan. "Segregation Must Go!" The Silent Return of Segregation, www.cjournal.info
 We used this source for extra information. This source included a photo of segregation.
We chose this source to be secondary because it was not a clear photo of segregation.

12. Warren, Justice Earl. "School Segregation, Equal Protection." Landmark Cases. Manuscript
With this resource we learned a lot about Rubys integration process, also about the day
she integrated and how others felt about this process. This source had information about how the
government and regular white families thought about blacks and Ruby. This is a secondary
source because this was found on a website with second-hand information.

21.Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute, and Lucia Rafala. "The Road to Equality." Yale-New
Haven Teachers Institute, 2016, teachersinstitute.yale.edu. Accessed 19 Dec. 2016.
We used this source for extra information. This source included extra information on
equalty by being a black or white. We chose this source to be secondary because it gave us a
short understanding of segregation.