Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
PBLICA
119
Volumen XLIV, N 2
(mayo-agosto 2009)
Administracin Pblica
Municipal en Mxico
Instituto Internacional de
Ciencias Administrativas
119
Volumen, XLIV, N 2
(mayo-agosto 2009)
Administracin Pblica
Municipal en Mxico
ISSN 0482-5209
Publicacin peridica
Registro nmero 102 1089
Caractersticas 210241801
Jos R. Castelazo
Presidente
Consejeros
CONSEJO DE HONOR
IN MEMORIAM
Luis Garca Crdenas
Ignacio Pichardo Pagaza Gabino Fraga Magaa
Adolfo Lugo Verduzco Gustavo Martnez Cabaas
Jos Natividad Gonzlez Pars Andrs Caso Lombardo
Alejandro Carrillo Castro Ral Salinas Lozano
Fundadores
Comit Editorial
119
Volumen, XLIV, N 2
(mayo-agosto 2009)
NDICE
Presentacin 13
Jos R. Castelazo
Anlisis
Resea
Presentation 199
Jos R. Castelazo
Analysis
Highlights
Resmenes/Abstracts 367
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Presentacin
una agenda con las tareas ms urgentes, para que los tres
rdenes de gobierno hagan un esfuerzo conjunto centrado en
el municipio.
Jos R. Castelazo
Presidente
Galindo La revolucin municipalista 17
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
* Es Contador Pblico egresado del Instituto Tecnolgico de Ciudad Jurez y tiene una
Maestra en Planeacin y Desarrollo Turstico por la Universidad de Surrey, Inglaterra. Entre
los cargos pblicos que ha desempeado estn los de Diputado al Congreso de Chihuahua
de 1989 a 1992, Director de Desarrollo Social del Ayuntamiento de Ciudad Jurez de 1992
a 1995, electo Presidente Municipal de Ciudad Jurez en 1995 ejerci el cargo hasta finales
de 1997. Posteriormente fue electo Diputado Federal plurinominal de la LIX Legislatura.
Actualmente es Senador por el estado de Chihuahua para el periodo de 2006 a 2012.
18 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Principio de subsidiariedad
Principio de coordinacin
Principio de corresponsabilidad
ARTCULO TRANSITORIO
I.- ...
...
Artculos Transitorios:
Artculo 115
I a III
VI
a) Percibirn las contribuciones, incluyendo tasas
adicionales, que establezcan los Estados sobre la
propiedad inmobiliaria, de su fraccionamiento, divisin,
consolidacin, traslacin y mejora as como las que
tengan por base el cambio de valor de los inmuebles.
Tambin percibirn las contribuciones que se
establezcan sobre el consumo final de bienes y
servicios.
Galindo La revolucin municipalista 35
b) y c)
V a X.
Artculo 122
A y B
I a IV
a)
b)
c) a o)
D a G
36 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Transitorios:
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
La modernizacin contraproducente de la
administracin pblica municipal
Ral Olmedo*
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Introduccin
f) Rastro;
g) Calles, parques y jardines y su equipamiento;
h) Seguridad pblica, en los trminos del artculo 21
constitucional, polica preventiva municipal y trnsito, e
i) Los dems que las legislaturas locales determinen
segn las condiciones territoriales y socio-econmicas
de los municipios, as como su capacidad administrativa
y financiera.
Sistema de responsabilidades, y
Transparencia.
2
Publicado en Lineamientos para la redaccin de textos normativos municipales. Secretara
de Gobernacin, Mxico, DF, 2009, edicin electrnica disponible en la Biblioteca Jurdica
Virtual de la pgina www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx
76 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
1. El anlisis;
2. El diagnstico;
3. El asesoramiento;
4. La accin correctiva;
5. El orden, y
6. La actualizacin de la norma.
2. La reglamentacin municipal
Bandos;
Reglamentos;
Ordenanzas;
Acuerdos;
Circulares;
Planes;
4
Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal INAFED, www.
ordenjuridico.gob.mx, 10 de diciembre de 2009.
Castellanos La actualizacin, publicacin y difusin 79
Programas;
Lineamientos;
Manuales, y
Disposiciones administrativas.
5
Fernndez Lazcano, Romn. Proceso normativo municipal, en Lineamientos para
la redaccin de textos normativos municipales, Secretara de Gobernacin, Mxico, DF,
2009, edicin electrnica publicada en la Biblioteca Jurdica Virtual de la pgina www.
ordenjuridico.gob.mx
6
Op. cit.
Castellanos La actualizacin, publicacin y difusin 81
Mercados;
Limpia;
Alumbrado pblico;
Rastros;
Panteones;
Parques y jardines, y
Agua potable y alcantarillado.
7
Castro Lozano, Mara del Rosario, La reglamentacin municipal y la prestacin de
servicios pblicos, en Primer Congreso Nacional sobre Reglamentacin Municipal,
17-20 de septiembre de 2008, Secretara de Gobernacin, Mxico, DF, 2009, pp. 58 y 59.
Disponible tambin en edicin electrnica en la Biblioteca Jurdica Virtual de la pgina
www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx
Castellanos La actualizacin, publicacin y difusin 83
a) Administracin Directa.
b) Administracin Indirecta.
Concesin;
Colaboracin;
Convenio Estado-Municipio, y
Asociacin intermunicipal.
8
Lembo Torres, Leticia, Manual de Tcnica Normativa, en Lineamientos para la
redaccin de textos normativos municipales, Secretara de Gobernacin, Mxico,
DF, 2009, edicin electrnica publicada en la Biblioteca Jurdica Virtual de la pgina
www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx
84 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Factor ndice
10
Snchez Ramos, Miguel ngel de Guadalupe, La democratizacin en el mbito
municipal en Mxico. El caso de los estados de Mxico y Morelos, Instituto Electoral del
Estado de Mxico, Toluca, Mxico, 2008, p. 123.
11
Op. cit. p. 133.
Castellanos La actualizacin, publicacin y difusin 87
Factor Valor
4. Conclusin
www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx.
Castellanos La actualizacin, publicacin y difusin 97
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
1. Introduccin
1
No se puede ignorar que el desarrollo econmico de Mxico, posterior a la Segunda
Guerra Mundial, gener importantes vas de comunicacin terrestre y obras de infraes-
tructura que permitieron una integracin nacional menos excluyente de lo que era hacia
mediados del siglo xix.
2
La regionalizacin utilizada en esta investigacin se basa en el principio de
homogeneidad socioeconmica, sobre todo de ingreso por habitante, observando, en
lo posible, la agregacin de estados vecinos. Esta regionalizacin es vlida ya que las
caractersticas fisiogrficas y geogrficas inciden en las socioeconmicas.
3
En los Estados Unidos, el Representative Tax System (RTS) y el Representative Revenue
112 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
R i , t = R i*, t x E i , t (1)
Aguilar Eficiencia fiscal en el federalismo mexicano 117
donde:
Cuadro 3.2
Contribucin al ingreso tributario municipal de las capitales
de los estados y de los municipios del interior en Mxico, 2007.
(2)
donde:
(3)
donde:
~
t j = tasa nacional del impuesto j;
~
R j = recaudacin nacional del impuesto j.
donde:
v i , t = trmino de error.
medida ms usada para medir la desigualdad en la distribucin del ingreso debido a que
cumple con cuatro propiedades bsicas: a) satisface el principio de transferencia, tambin
conocido como condicin Pigou-Dalton (si se presenta una transferencia regresiva de
ingreso, el ndice aumenta); b) independencia de la escala de ingreso (establece que el
valor del ndice no depende de la unidad monetaria); c) satisface el principio de poblacin
(el cual establece que el ndice debe ser independiente del tamao de la poblacin
analizada), y d) posibilidad de descomposicin del ndice; sus lmites (0 y 1) permiten una
fcil explicacin del grado de desigualdad: valores cercanos a 0 indican baja desigualdad;
y valores cercanos a 1 muestran alta desigualdad. Ver Cowell (1995: 55-60).
7
Con la imposicin de que los ui,t son no negativos, se puede observar que la recaudacin
verificada ser siempre menor o igual a la potencial.
124 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
v i ,t = ui ,t + e i ,t (5)
donde:
(6)
Ri ,t
E i ,t = (1a)
R i*, t
Por lo tanto:
(6a)
8
El nombre de Frontera Estocstica viene del mximo nivel de recaudacin que se puede
alcanzar, dadas las condiciones socioeconmicas y del componente estocstico (ui,t).
126 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
(7)
(
(
11
Las Encuestas Nacionales de Ingreso y Gasto de los hogares no permiten (por falta de
representatividad) el cmputo =del
+ u de Gini a nivel municipal. Optamos por transferir
ndice
Aguilar Eficiencia fiscal en el federalismo mexicano 127
(8b)
log (R MI ) = + log (PIBi,t ) + log (Gi,t ) +
i,t o,MI 1,MI 2,MI 3,MI
log ( POP ) +
i,MI 4,MI
( ( ( (
PININ i,t +
PIB i,t
5,MI
POPUi,t +
POP i,t
6,MI
log(INFt ) + v i,t
MI
(8c)
donde:
E = Entidades (o estados);
MC = Municipios que son las capitales estatales;
MI = Municipios del Interior, que no son las capitales de los
estados, y
INFi = Tasa de inflacin en el perodo t; y los superndices
indican el nivel de gobierno.
Cuadro 4.1
Estimadores de mxima verosimilitud de los parmetros de la
ecuacin de capacidad tributaria por nivel de gobierno.
los valores de los ndices estatales hacia sus municipios, por lo que este hecho debe ser
tomado en cuenta en las conclusiones; sin embargo, se ha argumentado sobre la existencia
de una relacin inversa entre desigualdad en la distribucin personal del ingreso y capacidad
de obtencin de recursos tributarios [Acir (1986)].
12
Evidentemente, slo la grfica 4.1 incluye al Distrito Federal.
Aguilar Eficiencia fiscal en el federalismo mexicano 133
Grfica 4.1.
Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los estados
en Mxico, 1992 y 2007 (Mxico=100)
Grfica 4.1. Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los estados en Mxico,
1992 y 2007 (Mxico=100)
Oaxaca
Hidalgo
1992 2007
Campeche
Guerrero
Yucatn
Estado
Michoacn
Tabasco
Quertaro
B. California Sur
Colima
Sinaloa
Morelos
Sonora
Chichuahua
Nuevo Len
Dist. Federal
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Nmeros ndice
Grfica 4.2.
Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los municipios que son
capital de4.2.
Grfica losCapacidad
estados enper
fiscal Mxico,
cpita de 1992 y 2007que
los municipios (Mxico=100)
son capital
de los estados en Mxico, 1992 y 2007 (Mxico=100)
Chiapas
Quintana Roo
Oaxaca
Tlaxcala
Guerrero
Entidades
Veracruz
Nayarit
Tabasco
Colima
Morelos
Edo. Mx.
Aguascalientes
Tamaulipas
Coahuila
Jalisco
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Nmeros ndice
5. Conclusiones
Grfica 4.3.
Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los municipios que son capital de
los estados
Grfica en Mxico,
4.3. Capacidad 1992
fiscal per y de
cpita 2007 (el grficoque
los municipios muestra los de
son capital tres
los
casosencon
estados mayor
Mxico, y ymenos
1992 2007 (elcapacidad fiscal,
grfico muestra respectivamente)
los tres casos con mayor y
menos capacidad fiscal, respectivamente)
Coahuila
Nuevo Len
Jalisco
Estados
Quintana Roo
1992
2007
Hidalgo
Chiapas
Nmeros ndice
Grfica 4.4.
Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los municipios que no son capital de
los estados
Grfica en Mxico,
4.4. Capacidad fiscal per1992
cpitayde
2007 (el grficoque
los municipios muestra los tres
no son capital de los
casosencon
estados menor
Mxico, 1992y ymayor
2007 (elcapacidad fiscal,
grfico muestra losrespectivamente)
tres casos con mayor y
menos capacidad fiscal, respectivamente)
Oaxaca
Hidalgo
Entidades
Chiapas
Coahuila
Nuevo Len
Jalisco
Nmeros ndice
Bibliografa
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Conclusiones
Sin lugar a dudas, pueden ser varias las vas para lograr una
formacin consistente, congruente y suficiente, con los perfiles
del personal municipal sujeto a pautas de una persistente
rotacin, este artculo propuso una ms que, seguramente invita
a las instituciones mencionadas a tomar la iniciativa, revisar
la idea, darle forma y proceder a lo que, seguramente, llegar
a ser una slida alternativa, arbitrada por las capacidades de
sus estudiosos que les han dado prestigio y solvencia.
Prez Rasgado y Prez Lozada Nuevo modelo de intermunicipalidad 161
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Introduccin
2
La Modernizacin del Federalismo Mexicano, Comisin del Federalismo del Senado
de la Repblica, Edicin Colectiva, Federalismo y asociacin de municipios con visin
territorial, Sen. ngel Aguirre Rivero, Mxico, Noviembre de 2008, p.57.
166 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Para tal efecto, los municipios del pas deben contar con un
relleno sanitario: Obra de infraestructura que involucra mtodos
y obras de ingeniera para la disposicin final de los residuos
slidos urbanos y de manejo especial, con el fin de controlar,
a travs de la compactacin e infraestructura adicionales, los
impactos ambientales (Diario Oficial de la Federacin, 2004).
Figura 1
Marco conceptual de la intermunicipalidad
Marco Conceptual de la Intermunicipalidad
Definicin de
Problemas Comunes Objetivos y
Fines
Estatuto
4
Consultora, Asistencia Tcnica y Capacitacin para los Gobiernos y Administracin
Pblica Municipal, Estatal y Federal, as como de los Poderes Ejecutivo, Legislativo y
Judicial.
172 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Figura 2
Modelo de intermunicipalidad con visin territorial
Visin territorial
I I
N N
T Accin Colectiva y ASOCIACIN T
E Redes Mixtas MUNICIPAL E
R R
M Asociacin Municipal M
U U
N N
I DESARROLLO ENFOQUE I
Carcter Innovador INTEGRAL
C LOCAL C
I I
P Enfoque Multisectorial P
A y Multifuncional A
L L
I Gestin y Financiacin REDES LOCALES I
D D
A A
D Federalismo, Desarrollo D
y Descentralizacin
7
Se realizaron diversas reuniones las cuales culminaron en un acuerdo formal de los
nueve cabildos con la firma del convenio, como aspecto importante la accin colectiva para
el desarrollo local logrando atender el problema comn del manejo de residuos slidos
urbanos; el desarrollo local logrado a partir de la visin territorial, la accin colectiva, la
asociacin municipal, entre otros.
174 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Figura 3
Etapas legislativa, jurdica, hacendara y administrativa
de la puesta en operacin de la intermunicipalidad
ETAPAS LEGISLATIVA, JURDICA, HACENDARIA Y ADMINISTRATIVA DE LA PUESTA
EN OPERACIN DE LA INTERMUNICIPALIDAD
ETAPA LEGISLATIVA
ETAPA JURDICA
ELABORACIN DE
ADECUACIN AL MARCO CONVENIO (S) Y FIRMA DE CONVENIO (S)
JURDICO REGLAMENTO
ETAPA HACENDARIA
ETAPA ADMINISTRATIVA
ORGANIZACIN
INTERMUNICIPALIDAD CREACIN DIRECTOR O GERENTE
PARAMUNICIPAL
Figura 4
Intermunicipalidad con enfoque territorial y de gestin
PBLICO
TERRITORIALIZACIN
M
B
I PROCESOS
T PARTICIPATIVOS
TERRITORIALES DE
O IDENTIDAD Y DE GESTIN
D
E
INTERMUNICIPALIDAD
G
E ASOCIACIONISMO
S
T
I REGIONALIZACIN
N PRIVADO CMDRS CDDRS
Figura 5
Intermunicipalidad con enfoque autogestivo
y territorial de financiamiento
SOCIEDAD
M BANCA BANCA DE CIVIL COOPERACIN
SOCIAL DESARROLLO (Clubes y INTERNACIONAL
B Organizaciones)
I
T
O AUTOGESTIN AUTONOMA
Capital Semilla
D
E Educacin LACP Salud
G
E CAPITAL
Ahorro Crdito
S HUMANO
COOPERATIVISMO
T CMDRS
I CONFIANZA Grupo u SERVICIOS
organizacin FINANCIEROS
N
LOCAL GLOBAL LOCAL
LDRS
MBITO TERRITORIAL
10
Este Modelo se utiliz en el Proyecto Intermunicipal para la Prestacin del Servi-
cio Pblico del Manejo y Disposicin Final de Residuos Slidos de la Asociacin de
Municipios de la Regin de Tierra Caliente del Estado de Guerrero, AMRTCGRO, suscrito
el 15 de agosto de 2008.
176 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Figura 6
Financiamiento del proyecto intermunicipal
de disposicin final de residuos slidos,
(Relleno sanitario)
BANCA DE
DESARROLLO
40%
BANCA DE
DESARROLLO
50%
INTERMUNI-
PRIVADOS
CIPALIDAD
15% 15%
PROYECTO EJECUTIVO
utilizado para el Proyecto Intermunicipal para la Prestacin del Servicio Pblico del Manejo
y Disposicin Final de Residuos Slidos de la Asociacin de Municipios de la Regin de
Tierra Caliente del Estado de Guerrero, AMRTCGRO.
Prez Rasgado y Prez Lozada Nuevo modelo de intermunicipalidad 177
Figura 7
Gobernabilidad ciudadana: impulso
a la intermunicipalidad
Gobernabilidad Democrtica
Nivel de Participacin
100%
Gobierno Sociedad
75%
Accin Colectiva
50% Intermunicipalidad
Funcin
Gobernanza o
Gubernamental o
Poltica Ciudadana
Poltica
Gubernamental Accin Social
25%
Gobernabilidad o
Poltica Pblica
Sociedad Gobierno
0%
Instituciones Instituciones Instituciones
Centralizadas Desconcentralizadas Descentralizadas
Organigrama de la intermunicipalidad
Asociacin de
Responsables de los procesos jurdicos,
legislativos y financieros. Municipios. AMRTCEGRO
Asigna Personal a Proyectos Consejo Intermunicipal
Supervisar apego a la aprobacin del
H. Congreso del Estado
(9 Municipios)
Coordinador de Coordinador de
Asuntos Jurdicos y Finanzas y Coordinador
Legislativo (C) Administracin General
Consultor
Consultor Consultor Organizacin
Consultor
Consultor Consultor
Procesos Procuracin y Residuos
Jurdico Rastro TIF
Legislativos de Fondos Admon. Slidos
del Cambio
Proporcionan la asisencia tcnica,
asesora y consultora sobre los
aspectos tcnicos especficos
Proporciona Consultora y Asesora sustantivos de los proyectos de
intermunicipalidad
especializada a los Coordinadores
Figura 9
Modelo Harvard para la toma de decisiones, aplicado al
Artculo 115 constitucional, fraccin III, ejemplo del servicio
pblico inciso c): Limpia, recoleccin, traslado, tratamiento
y disposicin final de residuos (basura)14
Alternativa Consecuencia
NECESIDADES SENTIDAS DE LA POBLACIN: BASURA
ARTCULO 115
PROBLEMAS FACULTAD
ASOCIATIVA RELLENO SANEAMIENTO
SANITARIO AMBIENTAL
TIRADEDOS
Cultura DE BASURA
CAUSAS A CIELO INSALUBRIDAD
ABIERTO
NO APLICAR MENOS
LA CAPACIDAD EN LA
FACULTAD PRESTACIN DEL
HAY QUE PRESTAR LOS SERVICIOS PBLICOS Y SERVICIO
ASOCIATIVA
PRESTARLOS BIEN
3. Paradigmas
Competitividad Territorial
Julio 2003.
184 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Tabla 1
FORTALEZAS OPORTUNIDADES
Qu es lo positivo que tenemos Qu es lo positivo que existe fuera
para la buena operacin de la de los territorios de los 9 municipios
Intermunicipalidad? de la Regin de Tierra Caliente
Participacin social. para la buena operacin de la
Asociacin de municipios. Intermunicipalidad?
Transparencia y rendicin de Cooperacin internacional
cuentas. Bonos de fundaciones y
Compras consolidadas. Congregaciones.
Economa de escala. Financiamiento.
Mayor organizacin. Apoyo institucional.
Trabajo en equipo. Recursos a fondo perdido.
DEBILIDADES AMENAZAS
Qu es lo negativo que tenemos Qu es lo negativo que tenemos
en los territorios de los 9 municipios fuera de los 9 municipios de la
de la Regin de Tierra Caliente que Regin de Tierra Caliente que puede
puede impedir la buena operacin de impedir la buena operacin de la
la intermunicipalidad? intermunicipalidad?
Falta de capacitacin Ajustes en las Participaciones
Problemas partidistas Federales del Ramo 33
Falta de conocimiento Dependencias
desarticuladas, si no se
fomenta una efectiva
coordinacin interinstitucional
Conclusiones
SISTEMA
Sistema DE EVALUACIN
de evaluacin DE LAintermunicipal
de la gestin GESTIN
INTERMUNICIPAL
CONSTRUCCIN DE INTEGRACIN DE
INDICADORES INDICADORES FORMULACIN DEL INFORME
ENTIDADES TRIMESTRAL DE LAS
PBLICAS APORTACIONES FEDERALES A LOS
INTERMUNICIPALES PROYECTOS INTERMUNICIPALES
RENDICIN DE CUENTAS
ACTUALIZACIN Y MONITOREO
REPORTE DE AVANCE INFORME DE GOBIERNO
DE INDICADORES Y (ASOCIACIN DE MUNICIPIOS)
EVALUACIN
PROYECTOS
INTERMUNICIPALES INFORME DE EJECUCIN DEL PLAN
DE DESARROLLO
(ASOCIACIN DE MUNICIPIOS)
BASE DE DATOS
INFORME EN LA PGINA
DE TRANSPARENCIA
Sistema de
Evaluacin de
la Gestin
Intermunicipal Fuente: Elaboracin propia, en base al Manual
para la Programacin y Presupuestacin Muni-
cipal para el ejercicio Fiscal 2010, Secretara de
Finanzas del Gobierno del Estado de Mxico.
Evaluacin del Desempeo
Figura 10
Instrumentos, polticas y programas que intervienen para la
viabilidad legal del proyecto intermunicipal de disposicin
final de residuos slidos
Bibliografa
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Resea
119
Volumen, XLIV, N 2
(mayo-agosto 2009)
Municipal Public
Administration in Mxico
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Presentation
Despite all efforts that have been made in Mexico, the town is
still a tiny power receiver body, and when there are still some
large municipalities with specific political and economic weight,
for example, the capitals of states or some embedded in regions
of each state, with influence being centers of development.
Jose R. Castelazo
President
Galindo The municipal revolution 203
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Thus, functions are given from bottom to top and the support or
subsidiary help is given from top to bottom.
208 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Subsidiarity principle
Coordination Principle
Co-responsibility principle
TRANSITORY ARTICLE
SOLE.- This decree will come into effect the day after it is
published in the Official Journal of the Federation.
Thus, since 1933 the people living in municipalities did not have
the possibility to maintain or remove their leaders, regardless
of the quality of their government. The 1933 reform of the
Permanent Constituent to impose immediate no-reelection to
the executive and legislative powers took away the sovereign
power local legislatures had to decide the continuity of their
governments. It is important to notice how the design of the
councils has been modified to date; the way their members or
local political leaders were elected or designated has changed
in a substantial way.
Galindo The municipal revolution 215
Article 115.-
...
I.-
...
Transitory Articles:
First Article.- This decree will come into effect ninety days after
it has been published in the Official Journal of the Federation.
Article 115
I a III
VI
b) y c)
V a X.
Article 122
A y B
Galindo The municipal revolution 219
C
FIRST BASE.- Regarding the Legislative Assembly:
I a IV
a)
b)
c) a o)
D a G
Transitory:
FIRST.- This decree will come into effect the next day after it
has been published in the Official Journal of the Federation.
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Ral Olmedo*
Concentrate the fault that the municipalities did not go well the
poor performance of the municipal public administration, and
want to find the root cause of administrative malfunction in the
Olmedo The counterproductive modernization 237
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Introduction
Municipal autonomy, which has its roots in the claims they found a
bill with the Revolution and the Constitution of 1917 also establishes
the basis for political and administrative structure of the state and
gives coherence and cohesion to the coordinated operation of
orders government with different powers, among which there is
no hierarchy or subordination, so intergovernmental collaboration
is based more on political will in the law.
* Compilation Director General and National Legal Consultation Order of the Secretara de
Gobernacion
248 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
While this founding document of the Federation did not refer clearly
to the municipality or other organization of the federal entities, the
Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States October 4, 1824
and stated that states have the obligation to organize their internal
governance and administration in accordance with the provisions
of the Constitution as the minutes of January of that year.
The Federal Executive and the governors of the states will have
command of the forces of the municipalities where it has been
received normal or transiently.
1
Acedo Angulo, Blanca. La libertad municipal en Mxico (1824-1928), El Colegio de la
Frontera Norte, Senado de la Repblica, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurdicas de la UNAM,
Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, AMMAC, Mxico, 2009, p. 95.
Castellanos The update, publication and dissemination of municipal regulations 251
2
Publicado en Lineamientos para la redaccin de textos normativos municipales. Secretara
de Gobernacin, Mxico, DF, 2009, edicin electrnica disponible en la Biblioteca Jurdica
Virtual de la pgina www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx
Castellanos The update, publication and dissemination of municipal regulations 253
1. Analysis;
2. Diagnosis;
3. Counseling;
4. Corrective action;
5. The order, and
6. The update of the standard.
2. Municipal regulation
Are called concurrent powers and the Constitution are set precisely
in Article 73, specifying in the areas in which the Congress has the
power to legislate and establish foundations for collaboration:
Sides;
Regulations;
Ordinances;
Agreements;
Circular;
Planes;
Programs;
4
Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal INAFED ,
w w w.ordenjuridico.gob.mx, 10 de diciembre de 2009.
256 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Guidelines;
Manuals, and
Administrative arrangements.
Markets;
Clean;
Lighting;
5
Fernndez Lazcano, Romn. Proceso normativo municipal, en Lineamientos para
la redaccin de textos normativos municipales, Secretara de Gobernacin, Mxico,
DF, 2009, edicin electrnica publicada en la Biblioteca Jurdica Virtual de la pgina
www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx
6
Op. cit.
258 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Traces;
Mausoleums;
Parks and gardens, and
Water supply and sewerage.
Thus, those responsible for this function always have the need to
know the reality municipal day, manage data and updates and
have a foresight exercise legal standing as the trends observed
and reasonably in providing various services and duties by the
municipality, of course, still the same, considering that he is
immersed, in turn, in a regional reality in the state and national
imperatives that operate outside local authority control, hence,
among other issues, the municipal authority should also provide
for the insertion of the municipality in such contexts.
This does not mean they are the only services that the municipality
should have responsibility, but if that must be addressed primarily
on a population center.
a. Direct Administration.
b. Indirect Administration.
Concession;
Collaboration;
State-County Convention, and
Intermunicipal Association.
Factor Index
10
Snchez Ramos, Miguel ngel de Guadalupe, La democratizacin en el mbito municipal
en Mxico. El caso de los estados de Mxico y Morelos, Instituto Electoral del Estado de
Mxico, Toluca, Mxico, 2008, p. 123.
11
Op. cit. p.133.
Castellanos The update, publication and dissemination of municipal regulations 263
The level would be classified in: high, between 3 and 4 (the example
indicates 1); medium, between 1 and 2 and under, at 0.
Factor Asset
- System of professionalization.
12
dem, p. 135.
264 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Here you can locate both the updating and publication and
dissemination of municipal regulations, and assess, according
to the effectiveness of this public service through the existence
of printed gazette, the coverage of its range, the frequency of
your print, speed distribution, and the level of digitization and
availability of present and past issues in the respective pages,
as well as the presence of municipal regulations, for various
reasons, the official publication organ of the state.
Account that page also has the microsite of the Virtual Law
Library of the Interior Ministry, which includes research
conducted or coordinated by the DGCCOJN from 2002: 50
books, 24 brochures, 1 brochure, 12 issues of the journal Order
National Law, 99 compilations on CD, 2 DVD, and 25 thesis
winning the annual competition organized by the Ministry of
the Interior with the participation of the National Association of
Schools, Law Schools, Departments of Law and Legal Research
Institutes, A.C. (ANFADE).
The national legal compilation was built in two stages, the first
centralized, consisting of the legal text link directly to the page
of the issuer, and a second, decentralized and consolidation
process, based on intergovernmental cooperation agreements
with governments local integration and operating the Compilation
and Consultation of National Legal Order13, which to date has
13
As como otros 12 convenios con poderes y rganos autnomos federales, y 7 para
difusin del orden jurdico nacional y la cultura de la legalidad.
266 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
4. Conclusion
nical issues and logical rules that can not be outside any municipal
Reengineering15, incorporating elements of social, political and
even technological a regulatory function more effectively:
www.ordenjuridico.gob.mx.
272 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Reversing this from the same state is not an easy task. There
has been, and the proof is in the perception of Mexicans in the
Castellanos The update, publication and dissemination of municipal regulations 275
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
1. Introduction
of the federal system and the fiscal deficit that led to the 1976
and 1982-1987 economic crises; as well as the persistence of
said deficit in the 90s of the twentieth century.
This section will be divided into two parts. Section 3.1 analyzes
regional and state distribution of tax collection by levels of
government between 1992 and 2007, discussing the causes
for the huge regional resource disparity of each level of
government. It is postulated that horizontal distribution of tax
income is determined by two factors: disparities in economic
development that determine an unequal distribution of tax or
fiscal abilities and differences in fiscal effort to collect taxes by
state and municipal governments.
Source: Calculated by the author based Mxicos income and public spending, 1999 edition and Mexicos
289
R i , t = R i*, t
x E i ,t (1)
Aguilar Fiscal efficiency in mexican federalism 291
Where:
Based on equation (1) we can infer that tax capacity and tax
collection are not synonyms: the first one refers to the collection
that could be earned according to socioeconomic characteristics
of a particular jurisdiction, that is, potential tax collection; the
second one is simply the observed or real collection.
Chart 3.2
Contribution to municipal tax income of the state capitals and
municipalities of the interior of Mexico, 2007
Municipalities of
States capitals
the interior
National 100.00 100.00
Centre 22.68 27.65
Hidalgo 0.84 0.32
State of Mxico 6.05 25.46
Morelos 0.46 0.08
Puebla 7.00 0.43
Quertaro 8.03 0.76
Tlaxcala 0.30 0.60
Gulf 2.05 6.01
Tabasco 0.06 1.60
Veracruz 1.99 4.40
Northeast 16.56 11.65
Nuevo Len 14.89 9.13
Tamaulipas 1.67 2.52
Northwest 17.82 15.58
Baja California 5.83 5.01
Baja California Sur 1.14 1.49
Nayarit 0.00 0.33
Sinaloa 4.52 4.28
Sonora 6.33 4.47
North 16.00 12.46
Coahuila 2.06 2.26
Chihuahua 8.27 6.68
Durango 2.07 0.37
San Luis Potos 2.89 0.64
Zacatecas 0.70 2.51
West 18.62 17.37
Aguascalientes 3.30 0.05
Colima 0.67 0.37
Guanajuato 0.46 7.43
Jalisco 12.00 8.23
Michoacn 2.19 1.30
Yucatn Peninsula 4.78 4.54
Campeche 0.69 0.24
Quintana Roo 0.74 4.30
Yucatn 3.35 0.00
South 1.48 4.75
Chiapas 0.11 0.46
Guerrero 0.62 4.21
Oaxaca 0.75 0.08
Source: calculations done by the author based on Mxicos state and
municipal public finances 2007; INEGI.
Aguilar Fiscal efficiency in mexican federalism 293
(2)
where:
(3)
where:
~
t j = National rate of tax j;
The breakdown of the tax burden means that the method can
estimate in a more precise way, tax capacity. Nevertheless, tax
collection composition varies from one state and municipality
to another; considerations based on national participations of
different taxes leads to underestimations and overestimations
of local governments tax capacity that have different structures
when it comes to tax collection3.
where:
v i , t = margin of error.
v i ,t = ui ,t + e i ,t (5)
wher
u i, t = N (0, u )i.i.d; y
e i, t = N (, );ei, t
6
The Gini rate or coefficient, developed by Italian economist Corrado Gini, is the most used
rate to measure inequality in the distribution of income because it has four basic properties:
a) meets the principle of transfer, also known as the Pigou-Dalton condition (if a regressive
income transfer is presented, the rate increases); b) Independence from the income range
(which establishes that the value of the rate does not depend on monetary unit); c) meets
the population principle (which establishes that the rate must be independent to the size of
the population that is being analyzed) and d) possibility to breakdown the rate; its limits (0
and 1) allow an easy explanation of the degree of inequality: values close to 0 mean low
inequality and values close to 1 mean high inequality. See Cowell (1995: 55-60).
298 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Equation (5) implies that the margin of error vit, can be split
into two components: one that is typically stochastic, ui,t, and
associated to the effects of non-tax policies that affect the
collection level as the incentives given to exporters through tax
exemptions or as problems related to the measurements; the
other one, ei,t, probably less stochastic is related to specific
characteristics of tax managers of each government body, such
as efficiency or committed effort in tax collection7.
(6)
Ri ,t
E i ,t = (1a)
R i*, t
7
Establishing that the ui,t are non-negative, the verified collection will always be smaller or
equal to the potential collection.
Aguilar Fiscal efficiency in mexican federalism 299
Therefore:
(6a)
(7)
8
The name stochastic frontier comes from the maximum level of collection that can be
achieved, given socioeconomic conditions and the stochastic component (ui,t).
9
This specification assumes the existence of time varying effects in the stochastic compo-
nent of efficiency (e i,t).
300 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
(8b)
log (R MI ) = + log (PIBi,t ) + log (Gi,t ) +
i,t o,MI 1,MI 2,MI 3,MI
log ( POP ) +
i,MI 4,MI
( PIB i,t( (
PININ i,t +
5,MI
(
POPUi,t +
POP i,t
6,MI
log(INFt ) + v i,t
MI
(8c)
where:
E = States;
MC = Municipalities that are the capital of the state,
MI = Municipalities of the Interior that are not the capital of the
state and
INFi = Inflation Rate in period of time t; and superscripts that
indicate the level of government;
Chart 4.1
Maximum likelihood estimators of the equation parameters
of tax capacity by level of government
Capital Municipalities
Variable States
Municipalities of the interior
-0.3075 -3.177 -12.109
Constant
(3.3) (-3.08) (-8.32)
0.767 0.701 1.641
PIB
(7.43) (4.79) (10.93)
-0.667 -0.620
G
(-0.680) (-0.672)
0.347 0.432 -0.466
POP
(3.03) (2.65) (-3.68)
-0.733
PIBIN/PIB
(-0.23)
0.124
POPU/POP
(3.36)
-0.184 -0.198 -0.447
INF
(-4.74) (-0.37) (-0.88)
2 0.293 0.544 0.381
(5.44) (4.79) (2.75)
0.875 0.786 0.659
(46.10) (17.82) (4.38)
0.113 -0.236 -0.077
(1.597) (-0.032) (-0.093)
LLF -55.69 -72.22 -53.07
2 (2) 42.60 41.09 15.01
States 32 31 31
Periods 6 6 5
Observations 176 168 198
Interactions 102 234 245
Oaxaca
1992 2007
Hidalgo
Campeche
Guerrero
Yucatn
States
Michoacn
Tabasco
Quertaro
B. California Sur
Colima
Sinaloa
Morelos
Sonora
Chichuahua
Nuevo Len
Dist. Federal
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Index Numbers
Graph 4.2. Tax capacity per capita of municipalities that are state
capitals
Grfica 4.2. in Mexico,
Capacidad 1992
fiscal per y los
cpita de 2007 (Mxico=100)
municipios que son capital
de los estados en Mxico, 1992 y 2007 (Mxico=100)
Chiapas
Quintana Roo
Oaxaca
Tlaxcala
Guerrero
States
Veracruz
Nayarit
Tabasco
Colima
Morelos
Edo. Mx.
Aguascalientes
Tamaulipas
Coahuila
Jalisco
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Index Numbers
Graphs 4.3. Tax capacity per capita of municipalities that are state
capitals in Mexico, 1992 and 2007 (the graph shows the 3 states that
have
Grfica 4.4.the highest
Capacidad fiscal perand
cpita the
de los lowest taxno capacity
municipios que son capital de los
estados en Mxico, 1992 y 2007 (el grfico muestra los tres casos con mayor y
menos capacidad fiscal, respectivamente)
Oaxaca
Hidalgo
Chiapas
States
Coahuila
Nuevo Len
Jalisco
Index Numbers
Graphs 4.4. Tax capacity per capita of municipalities that are not
state capitals in Mexico, 1992 and 2007 (the graph shows the 3
Grfica 4.3. Capacidad fiscal per cpita de los municipios que son capital de los
statesenthat
estados have
Mxico, 1992the highest
y 2007 and
(el grfico the los
muestra lowest tax con
tres casos capacity
mayor y
menos capacidad fiscal, respectivamente)
Coahuila
Nuevo Len
Jalisco
States
Quintana Roo
1992
2007
Hidalgo
Chiapas
Index Numbers
5. Conclusions
Bibliography
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Introduction
with several works that are now seen as seeds in the formation
of scholars, public servants and analysts in this government
instance.
Since the 80s decade the municipality, its government and its
administration have been the most analyzed fields in public
management in disciplines such as public administration, public
policies, community law, public services, intergovernmental
relations, public management and approaches to the study of
governance, among others.
Not wanting to describe a program that has been put into practice
or is about to by some public, private or social institution; the
following areas should be included: concept of municipality,
municipal legal framework, government organization and muni-
cipal administration, development planning, municipal taxes,
public services, and some academic topics like public policies,
administrative modernization, leadership, citizen participation,
among others. Topics concerning governmental culture may be
included: governance and civil society, human rights and gender
equality; in other cases issues concerning current problems like public
safety, civil protection and the environment may be included.
and of the main procedures and routines that are related to the
areas of municipal administration.
The System would operate through the promotion and use of the
general curricular map and through the operation of programs;
in strict coordination with state authorities responsible for
municipal strengthening and city councils which would receive
the programs. If others wanted to collaborate, this participation
would not be restricted or conditions because according to the
Pontifes Elements of a municipal professionalization 327
Conclusions
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
Introduction
ment He received his specialty from the Development of Rural Business Training Program
from the Panamerican Institute of Senior Business Management (Instituto Panamericano
de Alta Direccin de Empresa), IPADE. In the past he has worked as Legal Director for
FORTAMUN, S.C.; Specialized Consultant in the Municipal or Intermunicipal Association,
Corporate Associate in the De la Peza y Matuk Law Firm, Legal Advisor for the Mexi-
can Institute of Social Securitys (IMSS) Direction of Incorporation and Income, Advisor to
Europes Regional Director of PROMXICO with headquarters in London and jurisdiction
in the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, Belgium and The Hague; International Com-
merce Officer of PROMXICO with headquarters in London responsible for exportations
in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Portugal and South Africa. He currently works as an In-
ternational Associate, in the London office, to the Curtis Mallet-Prevost Colt & Mosle Law
Firm, developing European investment projects in Latin America and as an Associate of
the INAP.
Prez New Intermunicipal model 333
These solid wastes are produced in each and every one of the
municipalities that have serious sanitation problems, river and
natural resource contamination.
Statute
Dated May 31st and June 5th 2007, the project of the decrees
ruling which contains the legal basis was approved5; this was
developed by consultants in intermunicipality, for the constitution
of the Municipal Association of the Tierra Caliente Region of the
State of Guerrero (AMRTCGRO) including the municipalities of
Ajuchitln del Progreso, Arcelia, Coyuca de Cataln, Cutzamala
de Pinzn, Pungarabato, San Miguel Totolapan, Tlalchapa,
Consulting, Technical Assistance and Training for Governments and Municipal, State and
4,5
Federal Public Administration, as well as the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial.
Prez New Intermunicipal model 341
Territorial Perspective
I I
N N
T Colective Actions and MUNICIPAL T
E Mixed Netrworks ASSOCIATION E
R R
M Municipal Association M
U U
N N
I LOCAL INTEGRAL I
Innovative Character APPROACH
C DEVELOPMENT C
I I
P Multisectorial and P
A Multifunctional approach A
L L
I Management and Financing LOCAL NETWORKS I
T T
Y Y
Federalism, Development and
Decentralization
Diagram 3
Legislative, Legal, Revenue and Administrative Stages in
the launching of Intermunicipality
STAGES OF THE LEGISLATIVE, LEGAL, REVENEUE AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS
LEGISLATIVE STAGE
LEGAL STAGE
DEVELOPMENT OF
ADJUSTING TO THE SIGNING OF AGREEMENTS
AGREEMENTS
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
REVENUE STAGE
SEED CAPITAL RESOURCE MIX TARIFF SYSTEM
ADMINISTRATIVE STAGE
INTER-MUNICIPALITY
ORGANIZATION PARAMUNICIPAL
DIRECTOR OR MANAGER
CREATION
8
Action Coalition for Intermunicipal Training Projects in the State of Mxico, Training Workshop
for Leaders-Managers in Intermunicipality, August 4th and 5th 2008 and Training Workshop for
the Strengthening of Intermunicipality in the State of Mexico, August 12th and 13th 2008.
Prez New Intermunicipal model 343
PUBLIC
TERRITORIALIZATION
M
A
N TERRITORIAL PARTICIPATORY
A PROCESSES OF INDENTITY
G AND MANAGEMENT
E
M
E
N INTERMUNICIPALITY
T ASSOCIATION
A
R
E REGIONALIZATION
A
PRIVATE CMDRS CMDDS
Diagram 5.
Intermunicipality with a Self-managed and Territorial
Financing Perspective
SOCIAL ACTION COLLECTIVE ACTION
CIVIL SOCIETY
M SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (Clubs INTERNATIONAL
A BANKING BANKING and COOPERATION
Organization)
N
A SELF
G MANAGEMENT AUTONOMY
E SEED CAPITAL
M LACP
E EDUCATION HEALTH
N
T HUMAN
SAVINGS CREDIT
A CAPITAL
COOPERATION
R CMDRS
E TRUST Group or FINANCIAL
A Organization SERVICES
MBITO TERRITORIAL
DEVELOPMENT
BANKING
50%
FEDERAL STATE
GOVERMENT
GOVERMENT 15%
15%
STATE INTER-MUNICI
GOVERMENT PALITY
25% 25%
INTER-MUNI-
PRIVATE
CIPALITY
15% 15%
EXECUTIVE PROJECT
50%
50% Intermunicipality
Intermunicipalidad
Government
Funcin
Governance
Gobernanzaoro
Function or o
Gubernamental
PublicCiudadana
Poltica Police
Governmental
Poltica
Policie
Gubernamental Social
AccinAction
Social
25%
25%
Governance or Public
Gobernabilidad o
Police
Poltica Pblica
Society
Sociedad Governance
Gobierno
0%
0%
Centralized
Instituciones Non centralized
Instituciones Decentralized
Instituciones
Institutions
Centralizadas Institutions
Desconcentralizadas Institutions
Descentralizadas
Service of the Municipal Association of the Tierra Caliente Region of the State of Guerrero
(AMRTCGRO).
Service of the Municipal Association of the Tierra Caliente Region of the State of Guerrero
12
La Asociacin de Municipios con Visin Territorial, es un rgano colegiado intermunicipal,
(AMRTCGRO).
que participa en el Sistema Nacional de Planeacin Democrtica, en que la accin social y
5
La Asociacin de Municipios con Visin Territorial, es un rgano colegiado intermunicipal,
colectiva es indispensable para alcanzar una gobernabilidad democrtica, que sigue siendo
que participa en el Sistema Nacional de Planeacin Democrtica, en que la accin social y
necesaria para el desarrollo de una sociedad ms justa e incluyente.
colectiva es indispensable para alcanzar una gobernabilidad democrtica, que sigue siendo
necesaria para el desarrollo de una sociedad ms justa e incluyente.
346
348 Revista
Revistade
deAdministracin
AdministracinPblica
PblicaXLIV
XLIV22
348 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Diagram
Diagram 8. Organization 8 of Intermunicipality
chart
Organization chart of Intermunicipality
Diagram 8. Organization chart of Intermunicipality
Municipal Association.
Responsible for legal, legislativi and
financial processes. AMRTCEGRO
Municipal Association.
Responsible for legal, legislativi and
Assigns Project Staff
financial processes.
Intermunicipal
AMRTCEGRO Council
Monitors adherence to approval
Assigns Project Staff
of Congress
(9 Municipalities)
Intermunicipal Council
Monitors adherence to approval
of Congress
(9 Municipalities)
Legal and Finance and
Legisletive Affairs
Legal and Administrative
Finance and
General
Coordinator (C)
Legisletive Affairs Coprdinator
Administrative Coordinator
General
Coordinator (C) Coprdinator Coordinator
Organization
Legal Fund raising
Organization
raising Consultant Solid
Solid
Legal
Legal
Legal
Process
Fund
Consultant
Consultant Waste TIFTIF
Process Consultant and
and Waste Consultant
Consultant
Consultant Consultant Change Consultant Consultant
Consultant Change Consultant
Managment
Managment
Provides
Provides technical
technical assistance,
assistance, assistance
assistance
andand consulting
consulting over over specifically
specifically technical
technical
substantive
substantive aspects
aspects of inter-municipal
of inter-municipal
Provides SpecializedConsulting
Provides Specialized Consulting projects
projects
and
and Assistance toCoordinators
Assistance to Coordinators
Source:
Source:Developed
Source: Developed bythe
Developed by
by theautor
the autor
autor with
with
with thethe
the help
help
help of INAP,
ofofINAP,
INAP,2008 2008.
6
2008 6
13
Mayors,
Mayors,state
Mayors, stategovernors,
state governors,the
governors, theFederal
the Federal Government
FederalGovernment
Government through
through
through State
State
State
agencies
agencies and
agencies and decentralized
and decentralized bodies
decentralized bodies like
bodies likethethe National
theNational
National Institute
Institute for
for
Institute for
Federalism
Federalism and
and Municipal
Municipal Development
Development (INAFED),
(INAFED),
Federalism and Municipal Development (INAFED), Ministry of Ministry
Ministry ofof
the
theInterior
the Interioras
Interior aswell
as wellas
well asresearch,
as research,professionalization,
research, professionalization,
professionalization, consulting
consulting
consulting
and
and technical
technical assistance
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institutions like
like the
the
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National Institute
Institute
Institute
forPublic
for PublicAdministration
Administration A.C.
A.C. (INAP), have the political will toto
for Public Administration A.C. (INAP), have the politicalwill
have the political will to
promoteintermunicipality.
promote intermunicipality.
promote intermunicipality.
OnOnthethemonth
monthofofJulyJuly 2008 an an agreement
agreement between the INAP
On
and the month
State of July2008
Government 2008
was an agreement
celebrated
between
through between
the
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and State
State Government
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the Revenue
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Instituteofofthe
Institute theState
Stateof
of Mexico
Mexico (IHAEM),
(IHAEM), to totocarry
carry out
out aaproject
Institute of the State of Mexico (IHAEM),
called Action Coalition for Intermunicipal Training Projects carry out aproject
project
called
called Action
Action Coalition
Coalition for
for Intermunicipal
Intermunicipal Training
Training Projects
Projects
of the State of Mexico, its first stage involved an administrative
of
ofthe
theState ofofMexico,
StatetrainingMexico, its
itsfirst
first stage
stageinvolved
involvedan anadministrative
leadership process in intermunicipality, asadministrative
well as the
leadership
leadership training
training process
process ininintermunicipality,
intermunicipality, as
as well
well as
asthe
the
development of a participatory diagnosis to support the IHAEM
development
development
and the Planningof a participatory
of a Committee
participatory diagnosis
fordiagnosis to support
to support
the Development the IHAEM
the State
of the IHAEM
and
andthethePlanning
PlanningCommittee
Committeefor forthe
theDevelopment
Developmentofofthe theState
State
6
Organizational chart developed as a case study in the Fourth Module: Operationalization
13 of the solution inchart
Organizational the certificate
developed training program
as a case for in
study Consultant Formation
the Fourth Module:inOperationalization
Public Adminis-
6
Organizational chart developed as a case study in the Fourth Module: Operationalization
tration,
of the INAP,inNovember
solution 2008training
the certificate for the Municipal
program Association of the
for Consultant Tierra Caliente
Formation Region
in Public of
Adminis-
ofthe
theState
solution in the certificate
of November
Guerrero (AMRTCGRO). training program for Consultant Formation in Public Adminis-
tration, INAP, 2008 for the Municipal Association of the Tierra Caliente Region of
tration, INAP, November 2008 for the Municipal Association of the Tierra Caliente Region of
the State of Guerrero (AMRTCGRO).
the State of Guerrero (AMRTCGRO).
Prez
Prez New
New Intermunicipal
Intermunicipal model
model 347
349
A state workshop was held on August 4thth and 5thth to form a team
of Leaders-Managers in intermunicipality.
Alternatives Consecuences
Population Needs: Garbage
ARTICLE 115
PROBLEMS ASSOCIATIVE
FACULTY INTER- ENVIRONMENT
MUNICIPAL AL SANITATION
LANDIFILL
OURDOOR
Culture CAUSES GARBAGE UNSANITARY
DUMPS CONDITIONS
As a
As a result
result of
of these
these labors,
labors, 30
30 leaders
leaders in
in Intermunicipality
Intermunicipality have
have
been formed
been formed andand 40
40 municipalities
municipalities have
have been
been identified
identified as
as
having proposed from their local perspective 25 intermunicipal
having proposed from their local perspective 25 intermunicipal
association projects.
association projects.
14
7 Model presented
Model presented in
in the
the State
State Workshop
Workshop for
for the Strengthening of Intermunicipality in the
State of Mxico on August 13thth 2008 by Jorge Prez Cuevas M.d. Revenue Coordinator of
IHAEM, State of Mexico
348 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
3. Paradigms
Territorial Competitiveness
What are the positive aspects we have to allow What are the positive aspects we have outside
the proper operation of intermunicipality? the territories of the 9 municipalities of the Tierra
Social participation Caliente Region that could allow the proper
Municipal association operation of intermunicipality?
Transparency and International Cooperation
accountability Bonds granted by foundations
Consolidated purchases or congregations
Economy of scale Financing
Greater organization Institutional support
Team work Non-recoverable resources
WEAKNESSES THREATS
What are the negative aspects we have with- What are the negative aspects we have outside
in the territories of the 9 municipalities of the the territories of the 9 municipalities of the Tierra
Tierra Ca-liente Region that could prevent the Caliente Region that could allow the proper
proper operation of intermunicipality? operation of intermunicipality?
Lack of training Adjustments in Federal
Political party problems participations of Department 33
Lack of knowledge Disorganized dependencies if
an effective inter-institutional
coordination is not promoted
FORMULATION OF ANNUAL
REPORT OF PROGAMME FOR
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERMUNICIPAL
INCICATORS AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ACTUALIZACIN Y MONITORNIG
ACCOUN TABILITY
REPORTE DE AVANCE GOVERNMENT REPORT
DE INDICADORES Y (ASSOCIATION OF MUNICIPALITIES)
EVALUACIN
PROYECTOS
INTERMUNICIPALES PERFORMANCE REPORT OF
DEVELOPMENT PLAN (ASSOCIATION
OF MUNICIPALITIES)
DATABASE
INFORMATION ON
TRANSPARENCY PAGE
Intermunicipal
management
evaluation
system
Quality Management
Resources: Quality Systems
Management(ISO9000)
Systemsand (ISO9000)
International
andWorkshop
Interna-
Agreement (ISO-IWA4),
tional Workshop that allows
Agreement certificationthat
(ISO-IWA4), and allows
development of Hu-
certification
man
andResources.
development of Human.
Conclusions
CONCLUSIONS
Advantagesand
Advantages andPossibilities
Possibilitiesof
ofMunicipal
MunicipalAssociation
Associationor
or
Intermunicipality
Intermunicipality
Associationofofneighboring
Association neighboringmunicipalities
municipalitiesororintermunicipality
intermunicipalityisis
formalized through a formal agreement of
formalized through a formal agreement of public lawpublic lawbestowed
bestowed
by Article 115, Chapter III, paragraph i) so that municipalities,
by Article 115, Chapter III, paragraph i) so that municipalities,
havingtheir
having theircouncils
councilspreviously
previouslyagreed,
agreed,cancancoordinate
coordinateand
andas-as-
sociate themselves to efficiently provide public services
sociate themselves to efficiently provide public services or ex- or ex-
ercisetheir
ercise theirappropriate
appropriateduties
dutiesininaabetter
betterway.
way.
16
Official Journal of the Federation, (2007.) Political Constitution of the United Mexican
This
State, legislative precept
Article 134 Federal takesReform
Constitucional into Public
account newand
Expenditure ways
Controltopublished
pro-
in the Official Journal on May 7th 2007. National Commission for Accounting Harmonization
vide public services
http://www.conac.gob.mx or municipal duties, among which we can
find intermunicipal association and the procedure for it to take
place.
Prez New Intermunicipal model 353
Bibliography
Fuente: Developed by the autor with the help of Echeverri R., Masters
Degree Thesis, Postgraduate School, Campus Puebla, 2007. p.73.9
Fuente: Developed by the autor with the help of Echeverri R.,
9 Masters
It is important thatDegree Thesis,
the Municipal Postgraduate
Association School,Territorial
has a Strategic CampusDevelopment
Puebla, Plan
with a Vision
2007.for
p. the
73.18Future, so that the Intermunicipal legal figure lasts 99 years to ensure
the continuity of regional impact projects.
From a Legal, Social, Economic, Political, Financial,
Sustainable and Administrative Point of View; starting
up Municipal Associations is viable, transferable and
replicable.
18
It is important that the Municipal Association has a Strategic Territorial Development Plan
with a Vision for the Future, so that the Intermunicipal legal figure lasts 99 years to ensure
the continuity of regional impact projects.
up Municipal Associations is viable, transferable and
replicable.
356 Revista de Administracin Pblica XLIV 2
Bibliography
Revista de
Administracin
Pblica
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Abstracts
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