F E B R UA RY 2 0 17

ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE

Chassis and
enclosures
Small embedded
computing boxes
get ready for the
heat. PAGE 18

GPGPU
technology
GPGPUs boost artificial
intelligence, machine
learning, and pattern
recognition. PAGE 26

militaryaerospace.com

Radar and
sonar DSPs and machine intelligence key
to next-generation sensors. PAGE 8

1702MAE_C1 1 2/6/17 7:59 AM

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Military & Aerospace Electronics® (ISSN 1046-9079), Volume 28, No. 2. Military & Aerospace Electronics is published 12 times a year, monthly by PennWell® Corpo-
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1702MAE_1 1 2/6/17 7:56 AM

 trends
Military closer to developing
smart bullets for machine guns
Military machine guns, with minor
modifications, have remained essen-
tially the same since World War I.
They’re designed to spray out a hail
of metal bullets in one general direc-
tion to shred people, supplies, com-
mand centers, and lightly armored
vehicles. Smart bullets rarely have
been envisioned.
Machine guns strictly represent a
curtain of firepower in one direction;
it doesn’t much matter that most of
the bullets miss their targets, as long
as a few manage to hit home.
Now military researchers are try-
ing to stand the concept of the tra-
ditional machine gun on its head,
adding precision and intelligence
to the mix, by enabling each bullet
fired to home-in on its target inde-
pendently of the others, with the
ability to change its path mid-flight
to engage rapidly maneuvering
targets.
Think of a weapon that offers
the rapid-fire capability of a
machine gun with the precision
independent targeting of a guided
missile, and you have the Multi
Azimuth Defense Fast Intercept
Round Engagement System (MAD-
FIRES) program of the U.S. Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) in Arlington, Va.
This project is expected to yield
enabling technologies for rapidly
fired smart bullets at separate
2 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_2 2
BY JOHN KELLER, EDITOR IN CHIEF 
targets roughly in a 180-degree
half-sphere field of fire to detect
swarms of manned and unmanned
aircraft, fast attack boats, quickly
maneuvering land vehicles, or other
massed attacks.
The Raytheon Missile Systems
segment in Tucson, Ariz., and the
Lockheed Martin Corp. Missiles
and Fire Control segment in Grand
Prairie, Texas, are working on the
MAD-FIRES program for DARPA.
The two companies have completed
concepts, simulations, and risk
reduction.
Last month, DARPA scientists
asked Raytheon to move the pro-
gram forward to the prototype
stage that is expected over the next
year to test and validate MAD-FIRES
technologies in realistic battlefield
conditions. Lockheed Martin most
likely also will take its MAD-FIRES
work into the prototype stage.
The most promising and imme-
diate potential application for
MAD-FIRES technology is for the
Bushmaster MK 38 25-millimeter
deck gun aboard U.S. Navy destroy-
ers and other surface warships for
defending against small, fast, and
agile surface threats.
A 25-millimeter bullet is about
six inches long and nearly an inch
in diameter. Each bullet can have
a high-explosive or armor-piercing
penetrator for use against vehicles,
personnel, light fortifications, or
similar targets. The MK 38 can fire
these bullets at rates between 200
and 500 rounds per minute. It can
cause a lot of damage.
Now consider if each of those 200
to 500 rounds per minute could be
directed at a separate target, with
the ability to change its trajectory
in flight to avoid attempts at eva-
sion. Even large combined swarms
of fast attack boats, manned air-
craft, and unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs) bearing down on a Navy sur-
face ship would have little chance
at survival, much less of damaging
the ship.
The 25-millimeter auto cannon,
moreover, isn’t limited just to
Navy surface warships. The M242
Bushmaster, on which the MK 38
deck gun is based, also can be fitted
to armored combat vehicles like the
M2 Bradley.
It’s reasonable to guess that
MAD-FIRES-equipped machine
guns also could be fitted to fighter
and land-attack aircraft, fast and
light military vehicles such as the
Army Joint Light Tactical Vehicle
(JLTV), special operations boats, and
other military platforms.
Medium-caliber machine guns
with independently targeted smart
bullets could be coming to a vari-
ety of military platforms perhaps as
early as over the next decade. 
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:56 AM
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 news
IN BRIEF

Naval Academy uses
hacking and cybersecurity
events to shape classes
Retired Navy Capt. Paul Tortora
always starts his lectures at the
Naval Academy the same way:
Google “cyber news” in the past
24 hours and analyze. One day
it could be a cybersecurity sto-
ry about a sheriff’s department
paying ransom to hackers who
locked its computers. Another,
experts realizing even pacemak-
ers could be hacked. These real
cyber and hacking events have
become an integral part of cyber
operations classes at the acade-
my. “Next time you see a cyber
article, there’s a good chance one
of our 30 classes will be talking
about it that day,” says Tortora,
director of the academy’s Center
for Cyber Security Studies. From
the Democratic National Com-
mittee’s hacked e-mails to ISIS
recruiting techniques, current
events help midshipmen under-
stand the technical and strategic
components of cybersecurity.

Lockheed Martin to
upgrade avionics in South
Korea F-16 jet fighter
Military avionics experts at
Lockheed Martin will upgrade
South Korea’s 134 KF-16 jet fight-
er fleet under a $1.2 billion U.S.
Air Force contract. Officials of
the Air Force Life Cycle Manage-
ment Center at Wright-Patterson
4 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_4 4
DARPA to develop swarming unmanned
vehicles for better military reconnaissance
BY JOHN KELLER
ARLINGTON, Va. — U.S. military re-
searchers want to work with indus-
try to develop ways to swarm un-
manned vehicles inside cities and
towns to enhance reconnaissance
capabilities and identify threats to
U.S. and allied military forces from
standoff ranges.
Officials of the U.S. Defense Ad-
vanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) in Arlington, Va., unveiled
the OFFensive Swarm-Enabled Tac-
tics (OFFSET) program, focused on a
game-based open architecture to de-
velop and test swarm tactics for spe-
cially designed swarming unmanned
systems in urban operations.
DARPA researchers hope that
such swarm systems also may
lead to new enabling technologies
for swarming unmanned vehicles,
such as distributed perception, ro-
bust and resilient communications,
dispersed computing and analytics,
and adaptive collective behaviors,
DARPA officials say.
Urban environments are com-
plex, dynamic, and unpredictable,
and present a major challenge in
modern security and civil opera-
tions, researchers explain. Benefits,
however, may be worth dealing with
the complexity when swarming un-
manned vehicles work with human
ground personnel, experts say.
Swarming unmanned vehi-
cles may increase standoff dis-
tances for detection and identifi-
cation of potential dangers, offer
increased safety and surveillance,
and enhance intelligence prepara-
tion of the battlespace, DARPA offi-
cials say.
The program will advance two
key areas to increase the effective-
ness of small-unit combat forc-
es operating in the urban environ-
ment: swarm autonomy for agile,
complex, collective behaviors for
DARPA is trying to enable
unmanned aerial vehicles to
work together as teams and
display swarming behavior.
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:56 AM
 Curtiss-Wright boosts data acquisition
and flight test with TTC acquisition
ASHBURN, Va. — Executives of the The company’s principal prod-
Curtiss-Wright Corp. Defense Solu- ucts are data acquisition systems
tions Division in Ashburn, Va., are and encoders; network products
boosting their company’s expertise and systems; advanced imaging
in data acquisition and flight test and video systems; RF and anten-
instrumentation with their acquisi- na products; ground support sys-
tion of Teletronics Technology Corp. tems and software; and solid-state
(TTC) in Newtown, Pa., for $233 mil- recorders. Curtiss-Wright Corp. is boosting its expertise
lion in cash. TTC has been involved in testing in flight test instrumentation equipment with
TTC specializes in integrated military aircraft, such as the F-35 its acquisition of Teletronics Technology Corp.
data acquisition, telemetry, data joint strike fighter and F/A-18 fight-
analysis, sensors, transmitters, re- er-bomber; military flight test cen- products, RF networks, airborne
ceivers, and ground station analysis ters; spacecraft; missile programs; transmitters and receivers, and te-
tools to measure, record, transmit, and commercial and business jets. lemetry expansion cards.
and analyze aircraft and munitions Key products include data acqui- TTC, founded in 1998, provides
during test flights. sition units, recorders, network data acquisition and instrumenta-

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 news
DARPA FROM PAGE 4
intelligent movement, decisions,
and interactions with the environ-
ment; and human-swarm teaming,
enabling swarm commanders to
infer, interact with, and influence
swarm system behaviors.
The project also seeks to en-
hance understanding of key en-
abling technologies for unmanned
swarm tactics with a test bed game
environment that will help re-
searchers experiment with new
and evolving swarm tactics.
Emphasis will be on open soft-
ware and systems architectures,
game software design and game-
based community development,
immersive interactive technologies,
CURTISS-WRIGHT FROM PAGE 5
tion products and engineering ser-
vices for high-performance aircraft,
missiles and aerospace, underwater,
and land vehicle applications.
The addition of TTC’s platform
test product portfolio will greatly
expand the breadth of the Defense
Solutions division’s flight test in-
strumentation, usage monitoring,
and space-qualified commercial off-
the-shelf (COTS) products and ser-
vices, Curtiss-Wright officials say.
“With the acquisition of TTC,
Curtiss-Wright’s Defense Solutions
division firmly establishes its po-
sition as a leading global suppli-
er of data acquisition and flight
test instrumentation systems for
the aerospace and defense mar-
kets,” says Lynn Bamford, senior
vice president and general manag-
er of Curtiss-Wright Defense Solu-
tions. “Combined with our current
avionics and electronics solutions,
6 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_6 6
and robotic systems integration
and algorithm development for dis-
tributed robotics.
A formal solicitation for the
DARPA OFFSET program (DAR-
PA-SN-17-02) is expected as ear-
ly as this month, but was not yet
available at press time. Virtually all
DARPA contract opportunities are
listed online at http://www.darpa.
mil/work-with-us/opportunities.
E-mail questions or concerns to
the DARPA OFFSET program man-
ager, Timothy Chung, at DAR-
PA-SN-17-02@darpa.mil. 
MORE INFORMATION IS online at
https://www.fbo.gov/spg/ODA/
DARPA/CMO/DARPA-SN-17-02/
listing.html.
which support space instrumenta-
tion, flight test, telemetry, ground
test, system monitoring, structur-
al monitoring, and mission record-
ing applications, TTC’s broad prod-
uct portfolio will greatly expand our
market reach and capabilities.”
Curtiss-Wright Defense Solutions
specializes in embedded computing,
data recording, mission process-
ing, fire control, aiming and stabili-
zation, image and radar processing,
network switches, data acquisition,
and test engineering for aerospace,
ground defense, maritime, and in-
dustrial applications.
Curtiss-Wright officials an-
nounced early last month that they
completed the acquisition of TTC,
which employs 225 people. 
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit
Curtiss-Wright Defense Solutions
online at www.curtisswrightds.com,
or Teletronics Technology Corp. at
www.ttcdas.com.
IN BRIEF
Air Force Base, Ohio, are asking
Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
in Fort Worth, Texas, to up-
grade South Korea’s F-16 fleet
with new radar, armament, and
integrated electronic systems.
The nine-year contract calls for
Lockheed Martin to install the
Northrop Grumman AN/APG-83
scalable agile beam radar with
active electronically scanned
array (AESA) technology aboard
the Korean F-16s. The Northrop
Grumman Scalable Agile Beam
Radar (SABR) is a fire-control
radar for next-generation weap-
ons and tactics designed to fit
F-16 aircraft with no structural,
power, or cooling modifications.
The upgrades also will include
the Raytheon MMC 7000AH
Modular Mission Computer.

Navy orders AN/ALE-55
electronic warfare
towed decoys
Electronic warfare (EW) experts
at BAE Systems Electronic Sys-
tems in Nashua, N.H., will build
253 AN/ALE-55 fiber-optic towed
decoys (FOTDs) to protect com-
bat jets from missile attacks
under a $19.7 million U.S. Navy
order. Officials of the Naval Air
Systems Command at Patuxent
River Naval Air Station, Md., are
asking BAE Systems to build Lot
VII of the airborne countermea-
sure, designed to protect Navy
and Marine Corps F/A-18E/F Su-
per Hornet carrier-based jet
fighter-bombers from radar-
guided missiles. 
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:56 AM
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1702MAE_7 7 2/6/17 7:56 AM

 S P EC I A L REPORT

Technology comes to bear on

RADAR AND SONAR
Digital signal processing as well as advanced RF and Active sonar seeks to detect
objects in the water by trans-
microwave technologies are blending with system
mitting sounds from transduc-
automation and machine intelligence to create radar and ers through the water and listen-

sonar systems that are more effective than ever before. ing for the echo when these sounds
bounce off marine objects operat-
ing on or below the surface of the
BY J.R. Wilson
water. Passive sonar, on the other
hand, simply involves sophisticated
Although radar first was explored in the late 1800s, this RF sensor hydrophones that listen for telltale
technology did not become a vital part of military operations until sounds of ships and submarines.
World War II. The term radio detection and ranging (radar), in fact, Passive is the more popular meth-
first was coined by the U.S. Signal Corps in 1939 during its work for od because it doesn’t give away the
the U.S. Navy. As its name suggests, radar transmits radio waves user’s presence.
through the air and watches for any of these radio waves that Radar and active sonar can pres-
bounce off aircraft or other airborne targets. ent disadvantages to their users
Sonar, short for sound navigation and ranging, can trace its ori- because of their transmitted RF
gin to Leonardo da Vinci’s 1490 experiments listening to a tube energy and sound signals, which
inserted in the water to detect sounds generated by boats. More an enemy can detect. These sen-
active efforts at depth sounding and echo ranging came following sor methods are like shining a
the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. Anti-submarine warfare during flashlight in a dark room: They can
World War I spurred development, but useful active and passive reveal targets, but tip the enemy off
sonars were a product of World War II in the 1940s. to their presence.

8 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_8 8 2/6/17 7:55 AM

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 S PECIAL REPORT
This graphic depicts adaptive radar, which will sample the operating environment and nearby threats to determine the best way to avoid
enemy jamming.
For this reason, submarines rare-
ly have employed active sonar. Once
a submarine pings active, the ene-
my knows he’s there, and this is
anathema to the submarine’s core
mission, which is to remain as
stealthy as possible.
The more common users of
active sonar are surface ships,
and even these vessels still ping
an active sonar signal only brief-
ly to minimize the risk of detection.
Perhaps the most common user of
active sonar are sonobuoys dropped
by helicopters and fixed-wing air-
craft. These air-dropped sonar sen-
sors don’t have to remain stealthy;
once they’re deployed, the enemy
knows he’s being hunted.
The fast pace of technology over
the past two decades enabled devel-
opment of a new form of radar and
sonar that is neither all-active nor
all-passive. It’s called adaptive radar
10 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_10 10
and adaptive sonar, which can auto-
matically select RF waveforms and
processing filters in real time, based
on the mission and changing envi-
ronmental conditions and target
countermeasures.
Adaptive radar and sonar
Adaptive radar and sonar systems
reach out and touch the environ-
ment in which they are operating,
and change their signals and digital
signal processing for the best ways
of finding their targets and remain-
ing as stealthy as possible.
“We’ve had adaptive process-
ing systems for many decades,
but adaptive radar processing —
real-time adapting of radar wave-
forms — has really picked up in
the past decade through a number
of enabling technologies, such as
AESA [active electronically scanned
array],” explains Garrett Hennessey,
engineering manager for radar sys-
tems at the Harris Corp. Radar and
Reconnaissance Systems segment in
Palm Bay, Fla.
Today’s state-of-the-art adaptive
radar and sonar capitalize not only
on enabling technologies like AESA,
back-end software control, and pro-
cessing, but also on enabling tech-
nologies for multifunction systems
that blend communications, elec-
tronic warfare (EW), detection and
tracking, and weather forecasting,
Hennessey says. “The multifunc-
tion systems use adaptive wave-
forms, software-defined, that enable
multi-mission capability by having
an RF front-end that supports wide
bandwidths and real-time control
while the software back-ends define
the mission — radar, communica-
tions, EW,” he says.
That also applies to adaptive
sonar, says Jim Brunelle, manager of
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:55 AM

the Harris Corp. Undersea Systems
segment in Palm Bay, Fla. “You want
to adapt your processing to what is
going on in the environment as it
changes so you have better adapt-
ability. We’re not trying to spoof or
jam, just adjust to what is happen-
ing, in real time, so you can focus
on frequencies of interest. These
sonars are operating in an environ-
ment where you need to get rid of
contamination by your own ship’s
noise and other things in the area
you know of. You also have all kinds
of different background noise.”
Accounting for the operating
environment in radar, sonar, and
signal processing can help reduce
or eliminate sensor clutter and false
alarms, Brunelle says. “By adapt-
ing to the environment in the way
you approach processing, you tend
to eliminate clutter and false alarms
and present a better-defined, clear-
er picture to the operators or to the
A Navy submarine-hunting MH-60R Sea Hawk helicopter takes off from the flight deck of the
aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN 69).
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_11 11
ELEVATE YOUR
algorithms using that information.”
In essence, adaptive radar and
PERFORMANCE
sonar helps system operators focus
on targets of interest, and ignore
irrelevant objects, Brunelle says.
“An adaptive approach implements
several methods to minimize the
effects of things happening in the
general vicinity so you can focus in
on what you’re really interested in
finding,” he says. “That means not
only implementing signal process-
ing and adapting the perimeters that
drive those based on the character-
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 S PECIAL REPORT

which fuses it with radar and elec-

tro-optical tracks, intelligence
reports, etc., and comes up with a
synoptic picture that is shared by
the combat management team.”
“Improvements in process-
ing power have had a significant
impact,” Brunelle adds. “We can ren-
der data to the operator using col-
or as visual aids and integrating
updates based on time-factored pre-
sentations. In the old days, you saw
a trace on a scope and then it was
gone. Today, an operator can work
through different display presenta-
tions and drill down through those
to get a better idea of what do to.
That also gives you more time to
react to threats.”
Among the benefits of enhanced
A Navy machinist’s mate operates the broadband sonar aboard the Ohio-class guided missile
submarine USS Florida (SSGN 728). (Navy photo.) processing power are ease of use for
sonar and radar operators, Brunelle
ago are being done now with sin- at Harris Undersea Systems. “Track says. “It’s like any evolving tech-
gle-board, high-speed servers to- level information then goes to the nology: Customers want better
day, resulting in substantially more combat management system [CMS], detection ranges, more simplified
processing power within the same
footprint, along with reduced heat
generation, both important in a
shipboard environment.
As recently as the 1980s, data col-
lection was done on the ship, but
processed off-board because the
size, power requirements, and heat
generated exceeded ship capaci-
ty. With major improvements in
size, weight and power consump-
tion (SWaP) in recent years, every-
thing now can be done onboard and
in real time.
“Advances have gone from a sin-
gle, mechanically steered sensor
and pure audio, with the bulk of the
processing between the operator’s
ears, to advanced, distributed, net-
worked multiple sensors that basi-
cally do all the processing,” says Navy sonar technicians monitor contacts on an AN/SQQ-89V15 surface anti-submarine combat
Charles Lundrigan, chief engineer system aboard the guided missile destroyer USS Momsen (DDG 92). Navy photo.

12 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_12 12 2/6/17 7:55 AM


operations so the operators don’t
have to be as experienced or wor-
ry about how to set something up
as opposed to what the system can
do autonomously, and, of course,
more cheaply. So we are continu-
ously driven to find more cost-ef-
fective equipment and methods of
doing things, plus building systems
that are upwardly compatible with
evolving technology. But it’s critical
for the U.S. to maintain superiori-
ty in the ability to monitor the envi-
ronment and react to it.”
For decades, sonar operators
were trained to listen to returning
signals and correlate a visual on a
sonar scope and how to set up the
system to obtain a more effective
end result. Greater automation and
in-system processing makes few-
er demands on operator judgment.
Systems automatically push infor-
mation to operators, who no longer
must make assessments based on
raw audio and visual blips.
Systems automation
“All these technology advances have
enabled us to move from just look-
ing at signals and noise to detec-
tions and alerts and tracks, so we’re
now at a very high point in the hier-
archy so the sonar operator can get
real information that lets him do his
job better,” Lundrigan says. “We’re
finding, internationally and domes-
tically, that sonar proficiency is a
perishable skill and there was a pe-
riod when giving the operator a high
degree of control worked against
him because there was just too
much information available.”
The answer to the problem of
operator overload has been sys-
tem automation. “Now the empha-
sis is on automating the technology,
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_13 13
letting him operate at a higher lev-
el while the sonar does the grunt
work,” Lundrigan says. “Adaptive
methods help us do that. The natu-
ral path is to make the signal, dis-
play, and data processing more auto-
matic, eventually to the point where
you don’t need a sonar operator. The
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S PECIAL REPORT
system reports tracks to the CMS,
and the CMS operator, in natural
language, can ask the sonar why it
thinks the track is real.”
Cognitive radar
Future forms of adaptive radar are
sometimes referred to as cognitive
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F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 13
2/6/17 7:55 AM
 S PECIAL REPORT
radar, as described in a paper pub-
lished in the February 2015 issue of
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
and written by Anish Turlapaty, a
postdoctoral research associate, and
Yuanwei Jin, an associate professor
of electrical engineering, in the De-
partment of Engineering and Avi-
ation Sciences at the University of
Maryland.
“Cognitive radar is an emerg-
ing technology that aims to explore
a higher level of sensing adapta-
tion and biologically inspired intel-
ligence for modern radar design,
Turlapaty and Jin wrote. “It is gener-
A sonar technician aboard the Navy cruiser USS Vella Gulf (CG 72) monitors undersea contacts
during an anti-submarine warfare drill. (Navy photo.)
ally believed that a cognitive radar
comprises the processes of feed-
back, learning, information preser-
vation, and adaptability in trans-
mission. It adapts its transmission
waveforms, radar beams, and other
electronic data processing capabili-
ties in order to achieve superior per-
formance in detection, estimation
14 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_14 14
and tracking by exploiting various
knowledge sources.”
As with any military technolo-
gy, advances in capability spur the
development of more advanced
countermeasures. Given efforts in
adaptive radar and sonar systems
by other nations, including poten-
tial future adversaries, the U.S. is
pursuing ways to thwart them.
One major effort is the Adaptive
Radar Countermeasures (ARC) pro-
gram of the U.S. Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
in Arlington, Va.
According to DARPA researchers,
current airborne electronic warfare
(EW) systems first must identify a
threat radar to determine the appro-
priate preprogrammed electron-
ic countermeasure (ECM) technique.
This approach loses effectiveness as
radars evolve from fixed analog sys-
tems to programmable digital vari-
ants with unknown behaviors and
agile waveforms. Future radars like-
ly will present an even greater chal-
lenge as they will be capable of
sensing the environment and adapt-
ing transmissions and signal pro-
cessing to maximize performance
and mitigate interference effects.
“The goal of the ARC program is
to enable U.S. airborne EW systems
to automatically generate effec-
tive countermeasures against new,
unknown, and adaptive radars in
real time in the field,” the Agency’s
program description explains. ARC
technology will:
• isolate unknown radar signals
in the presence of other hostile,
friendly and neutral signals;
• deduce the threat posed
by that radar;
• synthesize and transmit
countermeasure signals to
achieve a desired effect on the
threat radar; and
• assess the effectiveness
of countermeasures based
on over-the-air observable
threat behaviors.
“ARC technologies will be developed
using an open architecture to al-
low for insertion, modification, and
removal of software modules with
minimal effect on other elements
of the system,” DARPA officials say.
“ARC algorithms and signal process-
ing software will be suitable for new
EW systems and for retrofitting into
existing EW systems without exten-
sive rework of front-end, radio-fre-
quency hardware.”
Machine intelligence
U.S. and allied EW aircraft typical-
ly carry out missions using a library
of profiles to counter known adver-
sary capabilities to jam their radar,
but advances in software-defined,
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:55 AM
 S PECIAL REPORT

reprogrammable systems have made algorithm development for the pro- a closed-loop test environment. We
that method obsolete. gram’s third phase, advance readi- will now continue to mature the
As adversary radars continue to ness testing, and milestones for technology and test it against the
move away from analog systems to moving ARC technologies to fifth- most advanced radars in the U.S.
rapidly evolving programmable dig- generation fighter jets. inventory in order to transition this
ital variants with agile waveforms “In Phase 2, we demonstrated the important technology to the war-
and unknown behaviors, solutions ability to characterize and adap- fighter,” says BAE Program Manager
that cannot be developed in theater, tively counter advanced threats in Louis Trebaol.
in real time, are useless. Moreover,
they threaten the safety and mis-
sion of U.S. and allied warfighters.
In a speech to the Atlantic Council
®
in May 2016, DARPA Director Arati
Prabhakar described the threat, as
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“[Aircraft are] getting pinged by
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the Council. “When that happens
today, it can be weeks to months to
literally years before they’re able to
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Prabhakar says.
In November 2016, DARPA
extended an existing ARC contract
with the BAE Systems Electronic
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borne EW systems to counter new,
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in real time. BAE is completing

www.militaryaerospace.com MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 15

1702MAE_15 15 2/6/17 7:55 AM

 S PECIAL REPORT

The goal is to counter the lim- threat you want to watch more at Wright-Patterson Air Force
itations of current systems that closely, an adaptive system can Base, Ohio, issued a contract to
were built to deal with a more stat- direct more resources at that threat Information Systems Laboratories
ic, less dynamic, and less ambig- specifically than a non-adaptive sys- (ISL) Inc. in San Diego to develop an
uous environment. By relying on tem could do.” advanced modeling and simulation
a database of known threats with The ARC program’s cognitive EW capability for fully adaptive radar.
predefined countermeasures, cur- technologies, which DARPA began “Due to onerous requirements
rent EW systems are severely limit- pioneering in 2010, are being devel- imposed by anti-access/area deni-
ed in terms of adapting to new and oped to deal with anti-access and al environments, it is imperative to
advanced threats in theater in real area denial environments using develop innovative signal and data
time. Conducting successful mis- advanced signal processing, intelli- processing techniques for delivering
sions in future anti-access and area gent algorithms, and machine learn- sophisticated sensing capabilities
denial (A2/AD) environments will ing techniques as part of an evo- to the warfighter,” according to the
require the ability to isolate previ- lution of adaptive and cognitive program solicitation. “Modeling and
ously unknown hostile radar signals EW facing increasingly more agile, simulation plays a critical role for
in dense electromagnetic environ- complex, and adaptable threats fully adaptive radar due to the need
ments, then rapidly generate effec- in real time. The next major ARC for real-time generation of represen-
tive countermeasures. milestone is a planned 2018 flight tative scenarios from the standpoint
demonstration. of capturing the dynamically vary-
Optimizing resources Other military research labs ing statistical and spectral proper-
“Adaptive systems dynamically op- also are working to advance adap- ties of the environment.”
timize their resources to efficient- tive radar technology and counter- Enabling technologies like galli-
ly meet mission requirements, measures. In May 2016, the U.S. Air um nitride (GaN), which matured as
selecting waveforms and opera- Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)
tional parameters to fit the mis-
sion at hand. If you had a system
that was non-adaptive, say an air-
borne search radar, you would have
to use maximum power for the ra-
dar at all times; an adaptive system
can maintain that track without us-
ing more power than needed,” says
Harris’s Hennessey.
“Another important part is being
able to align the search volume to
where the aircraft is going and not
necessarily where it is pointing. If
you have a cue coming from anoth-
er sensor, on- or off-board, an adap-
tive system can point the radar at
that position rather than having
to search for it,” Hennessey says.
“Adaptive systems also are able to
increase the probability of detec-
tion by directing more RF energy on A Navy sonar technician stands watch in the combat information center during an anti-
targets or tracks, increasing update submarine warfare exercise aboard the Ticonderoga-class guided-missile cruiser USS
rates. So if you have a particular Chancellorsville (CG 62). Navy photo.

16 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_16 16 2/6/17 7:55 AM


A United Kingdom Royal Air Force master aircrewman mans a radar station during a flight
aboard a U.S. Navy P-8A Poseidon maritime patrol aircraft during a 2014 exercise.
capability from the commercial tele-
communications industry; galli-
um arsenide (GaAs) and GaN semi-
conductors; scalable planar array
tiles; advanced field-program-
mable gate arrays (FPGAs); adap-
tive beamforming techniques; sys-
tem-on-chip (SoC); and advances
in adaptive beamforming are aid-
ing in the development and field-
ing of more advanced adaptive
radars and sonars.
While it is difficult to determine
who has the lead in developing and
fielding adaptive radars and sonars,
many nations — friend and foe —
are known to be putting consider-
able resources into them. One of
the most active — at least public-
ly — is China.
Technology from China
In 2016 alone, adaptive radar and so-
nar development efforts came from
researchers at the Science & Tech-
nology on Sonar Laboratory at Hang-
zhou Applied Acoustics Research In-
stitute, the Key Laboratory of Radar
Imaging & Microwave Photonics at
Nanjing University of Aeronautics
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_17 17
& Astronautics, the School of Infor-
mation & Electronics at Beijing In-
stitute of Technology, the Science &
Technology on Underwater Acoustic
Antagonizing Laboratory in Shang-
hai, the Shanghai Marine Electron-
ic Equipment Research Institute,
Xidian University, Harbin Engineer-
ing University, and the University of
Electronic Science & Technology of
China, among others.
Current forms of adaptive radar
and sonar rely on the evolution of
enabling technologies, including
possible disruptive technologies,
which will play an even greater role
in advancing adaptive systems.
“The two main enabling tech-
nologies have been the RF front-
ends and the back-end processors,
FPGAs and analog converters, that
are getting faster and more power-
ful every day,” Harris’s Hennessey
says. “Electronically scanned sys-
tems have been around for decades,
but the enabling technologies —
phase shifters and real-time soft-
ware control — today allow them to
be used in other types of systems.
The phased arrays themselves have
MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
been enabled through gallium arse-
nide and gallium nitride solid-state
modules that have allowed the use
of shared apertures to perform mul-
tiple functions.”
As to the future, Hennessey pre-
dicts a continued RF convergence,
an overlap of all RF functions and
efficient use of the RF spectrum for
radar, EW, and communications,
while cognitive systems will allow
more efficient control.
“When you start to integrate mul-
tiple functions, you need efficient
algorithms and processors on the
back end. Artificial intelligence will
play a big role in that,” Hennessey
continues. “Other enabling tech-
nologies on the RF front-end would
include continued materials advanc-
es, greater efficiencies in SWaP, cer-
tainly advances in COTS processors
will continue and provide the plat-
forms to run on, with more process-
ing able to be done on the collect-
ed data. We’re really in the infancy
of adaptive radar, as these enabling
technologies give systems designers
more options.
“Software will play a bigger part,
with more RF componentry replaced
by software back-ends. Advanced
signal processing techniques will
allow the back-ends to analyze data
in a more thorough fashion and
more efficiently adapt the radar to
the needs at hand,” Hennessey con-
tinues. “Adaptive systems will con-
tinue to converge, performing mul-
tiple RF functions. The technologies
of radar, communications, and EW
are common across those different
classes of sensors, so in the future
it is really the software back-ends
and efficient management of the RF
front-ends that will provide advan-
tages in the military.” 
F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 17
2/6/17 7:55 AM
 TECHNOLOGY F CUS
Small chassis and enclosures
take on the heat
Military systems designers are on the lookout for off-the-shelf
systems that are small, powerful, rugged, and have the
ability to cool the most powerful microprocessors.
BY John Keller
Military electronic systems integra-
tors who specify chassis and enclo-
sures are looking for products that
are rugged, easily upgradable, offer
small size and low weight, and have
adequate I/O and data through-
put speeds to accommodate a wide
variety of applications, now and
in the future.
These chassis and enclosures
must be able to accommodate
popular connectivity demands,
such as VPX, Non-Volatile Memory
Express (NVMe), PCI generations
3 and 4, and perhaps even
a new generation of optical
interconnects that will pro-
vide adequate throughput
for the latest applications
in image and video pro-
cessing, electronic warfare
(EW), signals intelligence
(SIGINT), and radar and
sonar processing.
Chassis and enclosures
also must have the on-board cooling
and thermal management capabili-
ties to handle tightly packed boards
in the smallest of enclosures, as
well as power server-class pro-
cessor boards running chips like
the Intel Xeon.
18 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_18 18
Accommodating these kinds of
design demands can be a big chal-
lenge, but the requirements don’t
end there. Despite these crucial
demands for small size, weight, and
power consumption (SWaP), extreme
ruggedness, fast connectivity, and
robust thermal management, sys-
tems designers also are looking for
the relative low costs and high avail-
ability of commercial off-the-shelf
(COTS) equipment. There are more
than enough design issues to keep
chassis suppliers up at night.
The RE1401 rugged computer system from
Crystal Group, shown above, uses carbon
fiber packaging to cut size and weight from
military embedded systems.
The box approach
Chassis and enclosures for military
embedded computing typically
are highly engineered boxes that
contain circuit boards for proces-
sors, I/O, data storage, and other
functions that comprise an embed-
ded computing system. These boxes
most often are ruggedized to stand
up the rigors of shock and vibra-
tion, temperature extremes, and
electromagnetic interference. Often,
but not always, these boxes con-
tain backplanes for plugging in the
circuit cards that provide inter-card
data communications.
It’s the systems designer’s job to
match the box to the application. A
small combat vehicle, for example,
might need the smallest size and
weight possible, with plenty of I/O
connectors for on-board peripheral
systems. It has to provide protec-
tion against shock and vibration,
and probably must rely on conduc-
tion cooling.
A large manned aircraft,
on the other hand, most likely
can accommodate a stan-
dard air transport rack (ATR)
box, which can have room
for high-performance back-
planes and the fans necessary
for convection cooling. Some
ATRs also can accommodate
more exotic thermal manage-
ment like liquid flow-through cool-
ing. Shipboard systems should have
the size, weight, and power budget
to accommodate large systems like
6U VPX. Smaller platforms like jet
fighter aircraft are sensitive to size
and weight, yet require powerful
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:54 AM
 computing, so a 3U VPX system
might satisfy requirements.
For each application the designer
must make tradeoffs in size, perfor-
mance, power consumption, ther-
mal management, and computer
performance. No matter what a
designer’s requirements are, how-
ever, it’s likely he’ll be able to find
the kind of chassis and enclosure he
needs from a large U.S. and interna-
tional supplier base.
This half-ATR enclosure from Pixus
Technologies is conduction cooled and
accommodates three to six OpenVPX circuit
cards. It has heat exchangers for high-power
systems.
The need for SWaP
Requirements for size, weight, and
power consumption — better-known
as SWaP — are among the systems
designer’s most important concerns
in specifying a chassis and enclosure.
“The lighter and the smaller it is
that you can fit components in, the
better,” says Justin Moll, vice presi-
dent of U.S. market development at
chassis supplier Pixus Technologies
in Waterloo, Ontario.
Computing components typically
become smaller, more powerful, and
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_19 19
more power efficient every year. only recently fit on a 6U VME card
That means that what used to fit today might fit on a credit card-
into a standard ATR enclosure years sized mezzanine card.
ago might be able to fit on a 6U or “Our customers are looking for
3U card today. The capability that smaller form factors in a rugged
Dawn Powers
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MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 19
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 TECHNOLOGY F CUS
box or ATR for avionics and air-
borne applications, as well as for
rackmount applications,” says Ram
Rajan, senior vice president at
Elma Electronic in Fremont, Calif.
“Backplane architectures are getting
dense. What used to be box level is
gravitating toward the single-slot
board. Topologies on the backplane
are supporting higher data rates.
We also see customers asking for
more small-form-factor ATRs where
we primarily see 3U VPX conduc-
tion-cooled boxes.”
Although 3U VPX has become a
popular form factor, some designs
are going even smaller. “There’s an
emerging trend in COM Express in
server applications,” Elma’s Rajan
says. “It brings together a lot of flex-
ibility that VPX might not be able
to address. COM Express is some-
thing to look out for. It’s also moving
toward mobile applications.” The
VITA 74 small-form-factor standard
called VNX also has promise for the
future of extremely small systems.
Not only does shrinking size
and increasing performance mean
smaller architectures, but it also
means that systems designers can
place vastly more powerful com-
puter systems in same-size or
smaller spaces. This is proving a
huge benefit for systems upgrades
20 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_20 20
Shrinking form factors are enabling systems designers
to use a wide variety of enclosures and chassis in
today’s military embedded systems.
in avionics, vetronics, shipboard
electronics, and other aerospace and
defense applications. Legacy elec-
tronics that comes out of one space
can accommodate extremely power-
ful replacements.
Rackmount architectures, which
have been able to accommodate leg-
acy computer boards for years, also
can facilitate relatively new board
form factors and backplanes, and so
are popular with systems integrators.
“Rackmount will be around for
a long, long time,” says Bob Judd,
director of marketing at United
Electronic Industries (UEI) in
Walpole, Mass. “On aircraft where
real estate is a premium, people are
The Elma Electronic NetSys-5303 is
a Cisco data communications router
designed for use in demanding
environmental conditions, such as
the leading edge of the battlefield.
able to go to smaller form factors.
Even in shipboard electronics, racks
are still a nice, solid, and dense way
to put together a system.”
The overall trend, however, is
heading in the direction of SWaP. “A
lot of stuff we see is going to smaller
and smaller form factors,” says
Pixus’s Moll. “Systems are denser,
and there is less need to use fans
where you could use conduction
cooling. This makes for better reli-
ability, fewer maintenance concerns,
and so on. That continues to be a
trend of people who want smaller
sizes, but also who don’t have needs
for specific form factors, like ATR.”
Demands for SWaP also are lead-
ing chassis and enclosures com-
panies in non-traditional direc-
tions. Where ruggedized aluminum
or other lightweight metals often
are the choice for aerospace and
defense embedded computing,
Crystal Group in Hiawatha, Iowa, is
using something new: carbon fiber.
“In terms of chassis design, we
continue to have customers asking
for our standard billet [aluminum]
chassis, which is extremely rugged,
extremely stiff, and low deflections
in shock and vibration,” says Jim
Shaw, executive vice president of
engineering at Crystal Group. “We
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:54 AM
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 TECHNOLOGY F CUS
also are seeing an emphasis on
weight.”
This has led Crystal Group
designers in a different direction.
“We have been doing a lot of work in
carbon fiber,” Shaw says. “Originally
we saw that as just for the airborne
market, but it also is a factor in
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Ready for the long haul.
1702MAE_22 22
transit cases that people have to lift
and transport.” Carbon fiber is an
important part of the Crystal Group
RE1312 and RE1401 rugged embed-
ded computers.
“Moving from aluminum to car-
bon fiber saved us some weight and
saved some space; it works out to
be a good application,” Shaw says.
We had to do some special things
to layer stackup for EMC [electro-
magnetic compatibility] within the
carbon fiber.” Shielding with carbon
fiber is not optimal, he explains,
and company engineers tackle the
problem with proprietary technol-
ogy. “We did a complete EMI [elec-
tromagnetic interference] series of
testing, and we have a report that
shows compliance to MIL-STD-461.”
Despite EMI challenges with
carbon fiber, however, the mate-
rial’s weight savings is worth it,
Shaw says. Crystal Group engineers
were able to cut about one-third of
the weight of embedded comput-
ing systems by using carbon fiber
enclosures, Shaw says. Using carbon
fiber reduced the weight of one sys-
tem from 22 pounds to 14 pounds,
for example.
Cooling and thermal management
When it comes to customer require-
ments, efficient cooling and thermal
management runs a close second
to SWaP for chassis and enclo-
sures. It’s a constant that high-per-
formance electronics generates
heat, and heat often is the cause of
degraded system performance and
system failures.
“Feeding the system power is not
the issue; getting the heat out of the
box is,” says UEI’s Judd. Especially
for extremely small systems, con-
duction cooling is virtually the only
solution to meet requirements for
size, ruggedness, and power budget.
“It has to be heat sinks and fins and
things like that,” Judd says. “If you
need waivers for rotary cooling, it
makes everyone’s life difficult.”
Typically there are three types of
cooling and thermal management
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:54 AM
 TECHNOLOGY F CUS

for chassis and enclosures: conduc-
tion cooling, or removing the heat
by conducting it away from hot
components; convection cooling,
or removing heat with fan-driven
blowing air; and liquid cooling, or
removing the heat with liquid that
flows through boards and enclo-
sures, or that is sprayed over hot
components and recirculated.
card guides, which enable design-
ers to experiment with conduc-
tion-cooled designs using non-rug-
gedized, fan-cooled technology.
“Cards can plug into a standard
air-cooled chassis, just for develop-
ment,” says Pixus’s Moll. “Designers
also can block off air flow to test
conduction cooling. You can test air-
cooled cards right next to conduc-
tion-cooled cards.”
Some high-powered systems,
however, simply generate too much
heat for conduction cooling to han-
dle. “In some systems, conduction
cooling is very tough, unless you

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888-613-4291
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The ESP-A-8409 from Elma Electronic is a

high-speed 3U VPX backplane that supports
integration of mixed payload modules,
including COTS single-board computers,
switches, and RF payloads.

Typically the most straightfor-

ward approach — especially for
SWaP-constrained systems — is
Proven Rugged Solutions
for Mission Success
conduction cooling, which takes rel-
atively little space, requires no extra
power, and is inherently rugged.
“We see requirements for con-
duction-cooled boards, and 3U
VPX is perfect for this,” says Elma’s
Rajan. “3U VPX is a very robust Rack Mount Servers and Workstations Embedded Systems
solution, especially for backplane MIL-STD-810G
MIL-S-901D
applications.”
MIL-STD-167
Even though conduction cool- MIL-STD-461
ing typically is the least expensive MIL-STD-704
DO-160
thermal-management approach
for rugged systems, it still intro-
duces some costs in the form of
metal card edges that conduct High Performance Computing
Flat Panel Displays and Computers
heat away from boards, as well as High Density Storage
fins on and around boards to con-
duct heat to the outside of chassis
and enclosures.
In recognition of these design
costs, Pixus offers conduction-cooled

www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_23 23 2/6/17 9:32 AM

 TECHNOLOGY F CUS
These conduction-cooled card guides from Pixus Technologies enable systems designers to
prototype systems on commercial-grade hardware that mixes conduction- and convection-
cooled cards in the same enclosure.
want the expensive and complex
forms of cooling,” Pixus’s Moll says.
In these cases, systems designers
typically look to fan-driven blown
air, with various approaches for
air channeling.
“We have heavy-duty fans that
we are using in some of the rack-
mount systems for VPX,” says
Pixus’s Moll. “What’s nice is they
have the optional features of
hot-swapability, system manage-
ment of those fans, very high CFM
[cubic feet of air per minute]. The
fan is directly above the card cage,
so cooling is an efficient process, as
opposed to having fans in the rear
with a bend in the air flow.”
Using blown air in military em-
bedded systems can have several
drawbacks, so systems designers
typically avoid this approach unless
it’s absolutely necessary. First, con-
vection cooling almost always is
more expensive than conduction
cooling. Second, it introduces chal-
lenges with ruggedness and main-
tainability; fans are moving parts
24 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_24 24
and so are subject to failure and fre-
quent maintenance. Third, fans can
be single-points of failure if they fail
unexpectedly. Last, fans take more
space and require more power than
conduction cooling. Designers also
must craft relatively unobstructed
air channels to make the most
of blown air.
Some military embedded sys-
tems are too powerful, and gener-
ate too much heat, even for convec-
tion-cooled systems to deal with
efficiently. This is where liquid
cooling from companies like Parker
Hannifin Corp. in Cleveland come
in. Parker offers liquid flow-through
cooling, as well as spray cooling for
systems using top-end microproces-
sors and other hot components.
Parker also is developing self-con-
tained, liquid-cooled chassis and
enclosures for applications that
have no other liquid source for
cooling, such as liquid fuel. These
liquid-cooled chassis, which can
accommodate cards with and with-
out liquid flow-through cooling are
being developed to be cost-com-
petitive with other forms of ther-
mal management, says Michael
Humphrey, the business develop-
ment manager for thermal manage-
ment solutions at Parker.
I/O and connectivity
Today’s chassis and enclosures for
aerospace and defense applications
offer a wide variety of architectures,
connectivity, and I/O to accommo-
date the widest variety of rugge-
dized applications possible. These
solutions come in standard off-the-
shelf versions, value-added solu-
tions, and full-custom solutions for
the most demanding requirements.
Systems designers must balance
requirements for low cost and high
performance, so they most often
consider COTS first. “The big thing
we’re seeing is people want COTS
capability,” says UEI’s Judd. “We’re
really being pushed to go COTS.
Everyone is panicked about custom
development, how much it costs,
and how much it costs two years
down the road when you need to
make a change.”
Where in years past designers of
rugged military embedded systems
often chose VME and CompactPCI as
their most popular COTS solutions,
“those are now gravitating toward
VPX,” says Elma’s Rajan.
“VPX is the choice for new
defense programs,” says Ken Brown,
manager of applications and pro-
grams at LCR Embedded Systems
Inc. in Norristown, Pa. “Most of
that is 3U VPX in an ARINC 404
enclosure,” Brown told attendees
in January at the ETT conference.
“VPX is popular, it has a ton of I/O,
can handle high-speed I/O in RF and
fiber options, and there is ultimately
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:54 AM
 no limitations on where you bring of at least 25 gigabytes per second
I/O out of a VPX box.” per channel expected for future ver-
VPX comes in 6U and smaller 3U sions. In addition, VPX is starting

ON
versions and is becoming one of the to accommodate optical transceiv-
most popular choices for demand- ers to offer designers the option of
M I S S I
ing aerospace and defense applica- moving data over copper or over
R I T I CAL
tions. It is rugged, available off the optical fiber.
C I C ES
shelf, accommodates a variety of
cooling and thermal management
The speed doesn’t stop there.
“In two or three years we need to D E V
techniques, and has the poten- make sure we have backplanes
tial for relatively easy upgrades and connectors that can sup-
in the future. port 100-gigabit-per-second data
Those aren’t the only advantages rates,” says Elma’s Rajan. “Optical,
DC-DC
of VPX. It offers throughput of 16
gigabits per second per channel on
over the last year and a half, has
been more widely used to handle Converters
versions available today, and speeds this output.” 
AC-DC
Power
Supplies
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www.militaryaerospace.com MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 25

1702MAE_25 25 2/6/17 7:54 AM

 PR DUCT
f cu s

GPGPU processors to help with artificial intelligence,

machine learning, pattern recognition
BY John Keller
The general-purpose graphics pro- Then came parallel processing.
cessing unit — GPGPU for short “Somebody figured out they were
— represents perhaps the most good at single-precision floating
revolutionary leap in computer pro- point math,” says Marc Couture,
cessing capability in decades for product manager at Curtiss-Wright
aerospace and defense applications. Defense Solutions in Ashburn, Va.
Today’s GPGPU processors may hold the
Not only does it offer advanced It’s the parallel-processing that
key to developing ruggedized, deployable
graphics rendering and massively perhaps is most intriguing. “Think
artificial intelligence systems able to learn
parallel processing, but its capa- about neurons and neural processing, and perform complex pattern recognition.
bilities in artificial intelligence like the brain,” Patterson says. “It’s
and machine learning also are just sophisticated pattern recognition.” Couture. “Within defense, deep
being explored. These devices “use deep learn- learning can be used in UAVs
The GPGPU chip has potentially ing to determine if an object is [unmanned aerial vehicles], so
hundreds of separate processing a threat,” Patterson says. Now instead of humans picking out tar-
cores. Originally these were for this deep-learning capability can gets on the grounds, GPGPUs are
rendering complex graphics, and be ruggedized for aerospace and getting good at doing what humans
later for massively parallel pro- defense systems. have done. Deep learning for tacti-
cessing. Today they are consid- “GPGPUs are getting good at deep cal sensors is faster than a human
ered to be artificial intelligence learning,” says Curtiss-Wright’s at picking targets on the ground.” 
engines; each core can mimic a
neuron in the human brain to offer
COMPANY INFO
machine learning.
The first benefit of GPGPUs in
GPGPU suppliers Aitech Defense Eurotech
aerospace and defense applica- Systems Inc. Columbia, Md.
AMD Embedded
tions today was for displays, which Chatsworth, Calif. www.eurotech.com
Products
www.rugged.com Extreme Engineering
are proliferating from the aircraft Sunnyvale, Calif.
www.amd.com Artesyn Embedded Solutions (X-ES)
cockpit to the infantry soldier using Technologies Middleton, Wis.
NVIDIA Corp.
wearable computing. Tempe, Ariz. www.xes-inc.com
Santa Clara, Calif.
www.nvidia.com www.artesyn.com Kontron
“GPGPUs are doing a lot of the
Asus Computer Poway, Calif.
heavy lifting when it comes to dis- GPGPU Fremont, Calif. www.kontron.com
plays,” says Doug Patterson, vice board suppliers www.asus.com Mercury Systems
president of military and aero- Abaco Systems Inc. Concurrent Chelmsford, Mass.
Huntsville, Ala. Technologies www.mrcy.com
space business at Aitech Defense www.abaco.com Woburn, Mass. Wolf Advanced
Systems Inc. in Chatsworth, ADLINK Technology www.gocct.com Technology
Calif. Patterson made his com- Irvine, Calif. Curtiss-Wright Uxbridge, Ontario
www.adlinktech.com Defense Solutions wolfadvancedtechnology.
ments in January at the Embedded
Ashburn, Va. com
Tech Trends (ETT) conference in curtisswrightds.com
New Orleans.

26 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_26 26 2/6/17 7:56 AM


m i crowave

Helicopter-based
electronic warfare
to protect ships
from missiles
U.S. Navy surface warfare and
missile defense experts are
choosing Lockheed Martin Corp.
to develop and build a helicop-
ter-based, long-range electronic
warfare (EW) system to protect
Navy surface ships from exist-
ing and future advanced anti-
ship missiles. Officials of the
Naval Sea Systems Command
in Washington have chosen the
Lockheed Martin Rotary and
Mission Systems segment in
Syracuse, N.Y., to build the AN/
ALQ-248 Advanced Off-Board
Electronic Warfare (AOEW) Ac-
tive Mission Payload (AMP) sys-
tem for the MH-60R and MH-60S
ship-based maritime helicop-
ters. Lockheed Martin will un-
dertake the preliminary design
and low-rate initial production
phase of the AOEW program. If
the Navy exercises all contract
options, Lockheed Martin will
deliver as many as 18 AOEW
AMP AN/ALQ-248 pods. AOEW
will provide long-endurance, off-
board electronic countermea-
sures against current and future
anti-ship missile threats with
a long-duration EW active mis-
sion payload for the MH-60R and
MH-60S ship-based maritime
helicopters. 
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit
Lockheed Martin Rotary and
Mission Systems online at www.
lockheedmartin.com/us/rms.html.
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_27 27
RF&
Raytheon moves forward on missile-
defense radar for Burke destroyer
BY John Keller
WASHINGTON — Officials of the Naval
Sea Systems Command in Washing-
ton announced a $110.2 million con-
tract modification to the Raytheon
Co. Integrated Defense Systems seg-
ment in Sudbury, Mass., for low-rate
initial production long-lead materi-
al in support of the AN/SPY-6(V) Air
and Missile Defense Radar (AMDR)
and AMDR S-band shipboard ra-
dar (AMDR-S) systems, as well as the
AMDR radar suite controller.
The Raytheon AN/SPY-6(V) AMDR
will improve the late-model U.S.
Navy Arleigh Burke-class (DDG 51)
Aegis destroyer’s ability to detect
hostile aircraft and surface ships, as
well as enemy ballistic missiles. The
new radar will provide greater detec-
tion ranges, increased discrimination
accuracy, higher reliability and sus-
tainability, and lower costs compared
to the AN/SPY-1D(V) radar onboard
Burke-class destroyers.
The system is built with individu-
al building blocks called radar mod-
ular assemblies (RMAs). Each RMA is
a self-contained radar in a two-cu-
bic-foot box; RMAs can stack togeth-
er to form any size array to fit ship
mission requirements. The inherent
scalability of the AN/SPY-6(V) AMDR
could allow for new instantiations,
such as backfits on existing Burke-
class destroyers and installation on
aircraft carriers, amphibious warfare
ships, frigates, the Littoral Combat
Ship, and Zumwalt-class, land-attack
destroyers without significant new
radar development costs.
MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
The U.S. Navy Burke-class destroyers will
receive the AMDR radar, a next-generation
sensor for the Aegis system.
The Navy and its contractors are
installing the AN/SPY-6(V) aboard
Flight III versions of the Burke-class
destroyers, none of which are com-
pleted or at sea. Navy officials have
awarded contracts for three Flight III
Burke destroyers to date. Two will be
made by the General Dynamics Bath
Iron Works segment in Bath, Me.,
and one will be made by Huntington
Ingalls Inc. in Pascagoula, Miss.
The AN/SPY-6(V) AMDR will be 30
times more sensitive than the AN/
SPY-1D(V) in the Flight III configura-
tion, and is being designed to count-
er large and complex raids. The
new radar will have adaptive digital
beamforming and radar signal pro-
cessing for dealing with high-clut-
ter and jamming environments. The
AN/SPY-6(V) also is reprogrammable
to adapt to new missions or emerging
threats. It uses high-powered gallium
nitride (GaN) semiconductors, distrib-
uted receiver exciters, adaptive dig-
ital beamforming, and Intel proces-
sors for digital signal processing. 
F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 27
2/6/17 7:56 AM
 UN M A N N ED
Leonardo-Finmeccanica
to supply AESA radar
for Navy MQ-8C
unmanned helicopter
The U.S. Navy is ordering an
AESA radar system for the newly
upgraded MQ-8C Fire Scout
unmanned helicopter from
Italy’s Leonardo-Finmeccanica
in Rome. Under a contract
issued by the Naval Air Systems
Command at Patuxent River
Naval Air Station, Md., the
company is to deliver five
AESA radar units for test
and evaluation. The contract
contains an option to buy a
larger quantity of the radars for
use in real operations aboard
the MQ-8C Fire Scout. The
Osprey radar uses electronic
beam technology to scan from
high in the sky to detect threats
beyond the range of standard
ship-based sensors in all
environmental conditions, when
visibility is extremely poor. It
features flat-panel technology
for installation within the
mould line of the helicopter
rather than having to use an
underslung belly-pod. The MQ-
8C Fire Scout autonomous
unmanned helicopter is to be
integrated with U.S. Navy littoral
combat ships. The Navy is to
be provided with the two-panel
version of the Osprey radar,
which will provide a 240-degree
instantaneous field of view
and a range of digital modes,
including weather detection and
air-to-air targeting. 
28 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
1702MAE_28 28
vehicles
Navy seeks small businesses able to
build Barracuda UUV mine neutralizer
BY John Keller
WASHINGTON — U.S. Navy counter-
mine warfare experts are surveying
the defense industry to find at least
two small businesses that could
manufacture a small unmanned un-
derwater vehicle (UUV) mine neu-
tralizer able to destroy or disable en-
emy ocean mines at safe distances
from Navy vessels and personnel.
Officials of Naval Sea Systems
Command in Washington issued
a source-sought notice (N00024-
17-R-6300) involved with the Barra-
cuda Mine Neutralizer project.
Barracuda will be a modular, low
cost, semi-autonomous, expend-
able mine neutralizer about the size
of a Navy air-launched sonobuoy, or
about three feet long and five inches
in diameter.
A mine neutralizer is a small
unmanned underwater vehicle
(UUV), typically with an explosive
warhead, which navigates to the
known location of an ocean mine
located on the water’s surface, teth-
ered to the bottom, or attached to
the ocean bottom. Once the neutral-
izer reaches the mine, it blows itself
up, taking the mine with it.
This source-sought notice seeks
to determine if the Navy can find
two or more small businesses in the
defense industry with the capabil-
ities to manufacture the Barracu-
da Mine Neutralizer and deliver it
to the Navy.
The Navy most likely will use Bar-
racuda in the near term from the
Common Unmanned Surface Vehi-
cle (CUSV) — an unmanned motor-
boat that deploys from the Navy’s lit-
toral combat ship. Barracuda will use
wireless communications for teth-
erless operation from the CUSV, and
in the future may be deployed from
Navy sonobuoy launchers aboard
helicopters or fixed-wing aircraft.
Navy officials will use the Barra-
cuda as part of the littoral combat
ship’s mine countermeasure mission
package, deployed from the CUSV.
The Navy also will use the Barracuda
at shore-based mine countermeasure
operations to perform fleet training.
Barracuda will conduct neutral-
ization operations from the sur-
face through deep water during the
day or night.
Companies interested should
e-mail 25-page white papers to
Naval Sea Systems Command’s
Tiara Robinson at tiara.robinson@
navy.mil, with a copy to Mercedes
Burrell at mercedes.burrell@navy.
mil. More information is online at
https://www.fbo.gov/spg/DON/NAV-
SEA/NAVSEAHQ/N00024-17-R-6300/
listing.html. 
www.militaryaerospace.com
2/6/17 7:56 AM

ELECTRO
O
watch
c
OPTICS
DARPA seeks small fiber laser diodes
for future aircraft laser weapons
BY John Keller
ARLINGTON, Va. — Officials of the U.S.
Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) in Arlington, Va., are
asking for industry’s help in develop-
ing compact, fiber laser diode mod-
ules for the Efficient Ultra-Compact
Laser Integrated Devices (EUCLID)
project (solicitation HR001117S0013).
The idea is to reduce the size and
weight of high-energy laser (HEL)
technology, which until now has
been too big and heavy for wide de-
ployment on most tactical military
aircraft, land vehicles, and small
boats. Fiber laser arrays are leading
candidates to provide capabilities
like silent engagement, deep mag-
azine, scalable effects, and reduced
logistics burdens. Fiber laser tech-
nology offers electrical-to-optical
efficiencies of more than 35 percent,
promising beam quality, and mod-
ular, scalable architectures with the
potential for scalable laser output
powers tailored to different missions
and payloads.
Electro-optics scientists have been
able to reduce the size and weight
of fiber amplifiers and related HEL
technology sufficiently for integra-
tion on large military aircraft and
trucks, yet DARPA researchers are
looking for smaller sizes, lighter
weights, and better efficiencies for
use on platforms like manned fighter
aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs), and fast maneuverable tacti-
cal combat vehicles. Not only would
enhancing the size, weight, and effi-
ciencies of fiber laser diode modules
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_29 29
Small fiber laser diodes could be key enabling
technologies for future aircraft laser weapons.
lend themselves to laser weapons
on tactical military systems, but it
also could increase laser power on
large platforms like the AC-130 gun-
ship and Heavy Expanded Mobility
Tactical Truck (HEMMIT). More wide-
spread deployment of these laser
systems also could stimulate larger
market volume and lower unit costs.
The EUCLID project seeks to de-
velop diode pump modules with at
least 650 watts of continuous-wave
output power, and pump assembly
values of at least 3,900 watts, with
at least 58 to 60 percent electrical to
optical efficiencies.
The two-year DARPA Euclid proj-
ect will be worth about $6 million,
and should involve one or more con-
tractors. The project should select
its contractors and start by some-
time this July.
Companies interested should
submit proposals to the DARPA
BAA website at https://baa.darpa.
mil. E-mail questions or concerns to
HR001117S0013@darpa.mil. 
MORE INFORMATION IS online at https://
www.fbo.gov/spg/ODA/DARPA/CMO/
HR001117S0013/listing.html.
MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
ELECTRO
watch
OPTICS
Military electro-
optics and infrared
sensors market to
grow by 40 percent
Global demand for military
electro-optics and infrared
sensors should grow by 40
percent over the next six years,
predict analysts at market
research firm Markets and
Markets in Vancouver, Wash.
The worldwide military electro-
optics and infrared systems
market should grow from
$10.15 billion this year to
$14.2 billion in 2022, which
represents a combined annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 5.75
percent, Markets and Markets
experts explain in the “Military
Electro-Optics/Infrared Systems
Market” report. Driving growth
in the electro-optics and
infrared market are: increasing
demand for battlespace
awareness by defense forces,
and technological advancements
to improve efficiency. Also
fueling the electro-optics and
infrared market is growing
demand for border surveillance
and situational awareness
using unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs), analysts say. An increase
in aerospace and defense
research has contributed to the
development of miniaturized
and lightweight components
and defense equipment,
especially for airborne
applications. 
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit
Markets and Markets online at
www.marketsandmarkets.com.
F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 29
2/6/17 7:57 AM
 PRODUCT
applic at ions
ENCRYPTION AND CYBER SECURITY
Raytheon to provide NSA Type 1 encryption
for Navy Link 22 networks
U.S. Navy radio communications
experts needed encryption for ra-
dio systems aboard aircraft, sur-
face ships, submarines, and
ground vehicles. They found their
solution from Raytheon Co. Space
and Airborne Systems in Marl-
borough, Mass.
Officials of the Space and
Naval Warfare Systems Command
(SPAWAR) in San Diego awarded
a $32 million production contract
to Raytheon for next-generation
encryption devices to safeguard
military tactical data transmis-
sions across air, surface, subsur-
face, and ground assets.
Raytheon is providing the Link
Level Communication Securi-
ty 7M (LLC 7M) encryptor to pro-
vide enhanced security for the
Link 22 tactical radio system used
by the U.S. military and its allies.
The LLC 7M is certified to U.S.
National Security Agency (NSA)
Type 1 encryption to protect mil-
itary information transmitting
over the Link 22 network. Link 22
replaces the Navy’s legacy Link 11
radio system, and is interoperable
with the current Link 16 system.
Link 22 provides long-distance,
beyond-line-of-sight communica-
tions without help from satellites
or airborne relays.
“The Link 22 system is now
ready for prime time,” says Chuck
Schwartz, project manager for
SPAWAR’s NATO Improved Link
Eleven (NILE) project office. “We
expect the system eventual-
ly to be adopted by more than 30
allied nations.”
The project includes Canada,
France, Germany, Italy, Spain,
and the United Kingdom. This
five-year contract has a five-year
option that could increase the
contract’s value to $63 million.
The LLC 7M “is ruggedized and
form-factored for easy installa-
tion, enabling Raytheon to sup-
port additional capabilities, design
enhancements, and expanded
use cases in the future,” says John
Droge, director of Secure Informa-
tion Systems at Raytheon’s Space
and Airborne Systems. 
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit Ray-
theon online at www.raytheon.com.
SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE
Azure Summit to support
signals intelligence systems
on Navy platforms
RF and microwave sensor experts at
Azure Summit Technology in Fair-
fax, Va., will support signals intelli-
gence systems for a variety of U.S.
Navy platforms under terms of a
$48.5 million contract.
Officials of the Naval Surface
Warfare Center, Crane Division in
Crane, Ind., are asking Azure Sum-
mit to support the Common Sig-
nals Intelligence mission sensor for
manned and unmanned platforms
that the Navy uses for a variety
of missions.
The Common Signals Intelligence
mission sensor is for intelligence,
surveillance, and reconnaissance
support, including identification and
localization intelligence gathered
from electronic signals.
The system is designed to iden-
tify and locate targets like com-
munications systems, radars, and
weapons systems, and is for for-
ward-deployed Navy platforms.
On this contract Azure Summit
will do the work in Melbourne, Fla.,
and Fairfax, Va., and should be fin-
ished by December 2021.
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit
Azure Summit Technology online
at www.azuresummit.com, or the
Naval Surface Warfare Center-
Crane at www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/
Warfare-Centers/NSWC-Crane.

30 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_30 30 2/6/17 7:57 AM


new products
SOFTWARE
LDRA integrates software
development tools for ARM processor
LDRA in Wirral, England, has inte-
grated the LDRA software tool suite
with ARM processor DS-5 Develop-
ment Studio (DS-5) to enable embed-
ded computing designers to test ap-
plications before target hardware is
available. This software design and
development tools integration is for
safety- and security-critical mar-
kets, and is intended to reduce sys-
tem design time and development
cost. The LDRA tool suite provides
software development life cycle
standards compliance and traceabil-
ity from functional safety and secu-
rity requirements to design, coding,
and verification, LDRA officials say.
The LDRA plug-in to ARM DS-5
supports a wide variety of ARM pro-
cessor compilers, and capitalizes on
ARM’s FVPs to automate and man-
age testing ARM-based applications.
This integrated environment en-
ables engineers to start testing ac-
tivities with an FVP, then switch to
a target as the hardware becomes
www.militaryaerospace.com
1702MAE_31 31
contact John Keller at jkeller@pennwell.com.
available by changing one option in
the LDRA graphical interface.
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit LDRA
online at www.ldra.com.
ELECTRONICS PACKAGING
Atrenne packaging helps circuit
cards work at high altitudes
Atrenne Integrated Solutions Inc. in
Brockton, Mass., is introducing elec-
tronics packaging to enable circuit
cards to function well in airborne ap-
plications that reach high altitudes,
well above 50,000 feet. Atrenne an-
nounced an extension to the compa-
ny’s small form factor (SFF) 760 Se-
ries electronic packaging design that
enables off-the-shelf Mini-ITX and
PCI Express cards to be deployed in
high-altitude applications. Commer-
cial components typically are not de-
signed to operate in reduced-pres-
sure environments, Atrenne officials
point out. For example, standard alu-
minum electrolytic capacitors, are
designed for atmospheric pressure
corresponding to 10,000 feet and be-
low. Atrenne created a hermetically
sealed rugged enclosure that main-
tains a consistent atmospheric pres-
sure, essentially simulating a lab op-
erating environment. To maintain a
seal, Atrenne uses a gasket to buffer
mechanical occlusions between the
two precisely machined aluminum
surfaces of the enclosure. This pack-
aging approach also maintains a seal
around fiber-optic cables, I/O cables,
and connectors, as well as mitigates
the effects of vibration, shock, and
temperature extremes.
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit
Atrenne online at www.atrenne.com.
MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS
To submit new products for consideration,
POWER ELECTRONICS
AC-DC power supplies for
communications and test
gear introduced by TDK
TDK-Lambda Americas Inc. in San
Diego is introducing its RFE2500 AC-
DC power supplies for power elec-
tronics applications in communi-
cations, factory automation, test,
measurement, broadcast, and RF
amplifiers. Delivering as much as
2500 watts output power in a 1U
package, the RFE series has rugged
screw terminal and bus-bar connec-
tions. These industrial supplies are
for applications requiring 12-, 24-,
or 48-volt bulk power. Operating ef-
ficiencies of 90 to 93 percent min-
imize waste heat and ease system
cooling requirements. The pow-
er supplies have universal input of
85 to 265 volts AC. The RFE2500 has
AC Fail, DC Good, remote on/off, re-
mote sense, a 12-volt 0.5-amp aux-
iliary supply, +/-20 percent output
voltage adjustment (by either front
panel potentiometer, external resis-
tance, or a 0-5-volt signal) and over
current set point programming. Us-
ers can connect as many as eight
units in parallel for higher power.
Internal O-ring field-effect transis-
tors enable redundant operation.
The units can operate at full load in
ambient temperatures of as much
F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 31
2/6/17 7:59 AM
 new products
as 50 degrees Celsius, and deliver 50 percent load at 70 C.
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit TDK Lambda Americas online at
www.us.tdk-lambda.com. GROUP PUBLISHER Alan Bergstein
603 891-9447 ⁄ alanb@pennwell.com
EMBEDDED COMPUTING EDITOR-IN-CHIEF John Keller
603 891-9117 ⁄ jkeller@pennwell.com
Rugged embedded computer for EXECUTIVE EDITOR Courtney E. Howard
509 413-1522 ⁄ courtney@pennwell.com
military and avionics
CONTRIBUTING EDITOR WESTERN BUREAU J. R. Wilson
introduced by VersaLogic 702 434-3903 ⁄ jrwilson@pennwell.com

VersaLogic Corp. in Tualatin, Ore., is in- ART DIRECTOR Meg Fuschetti

PRODUCTION MANAGER Sheila Ward
troducing the Raven compact and rug-
SENIOR ILLUSTRATOR Chris Hipp
ged embedded computing board built AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT MANAGER Stephanie O’Shea
603 891-9119 ⁄ stephanieo@pennwell.com
around the Intel Bay Trail processor for
AD SERVICES MANAGER Glenda Van Duyne
military, avionics, and medical applications. The embedded pro- 918 831-9473 ⁄ glendav@pennwell.com
cessing unit (EPU) combines processor, memory, video, and MARKETING MANAGER Gillian Hinkle
603 891-9126 ⁄ gillianh@pennwell.com
system I/O into a compact embedded computer that is about
four-inches square and one-inch thick and can withstand ex-
treme temperature, influence, and vibration. Raven is available www.pennwell.com
in single-, dual-, and quad-core versions. It consumes six to eight EDITORIAL OFFICES
watts of power typically, and is compatible with a broad range of PennWell Corporation,
Military & Aerospace Electronics
standard x86 application development tools. The board includes 61 Spit Brook Road, Suite 401, Nashua, NH 03060
603 891-0123 • FAX 603 891-0514 • www.milaero.com
an on-board Trusted Platform Module (TPM) security chip that
SALES OFFICES
can lock out unauthorized hardware and software access. Addi-
EASTERN US & EASTERN CANADA & UK
tional security is provided through built-in Advanced Encryption Bob Collopy, Sales Manager
603 891-9398 ⁄ Cell 603 233-7698
Standard (AES) processor instructions. Raven supports a Mini FAX 603 686-7580 ⁄ bobc@pennwell.com
DisplayPort++ output as well as one-channel LVDS display out- WESTERN CANADA & WEST OF MISSISSIPPI
Jay Mendelson, Sales Manager
put. Intel’s advanced Gen 7 HD graphics engine can support two 4957 Chiles Drive, San Jose, CA 95136
408 221-2828 ⁄ jaym@pennwell.com
simultaneous 1080-pixel video streams. 
REPRINTS Jessica Stremmel
717 505-9701 x2205 ⁄ Jessica.stremmel@theygsgroup.com
FOR MORE INFORMATION visit VersaLogic online at
DIRECTOR LIST RENTAL Kelli Berry
www.versalogic.com. 918 831-9782 ⁄ kellib@pennwell.com
For assistance with marketing strategy or ad creation,
please contact PennWell Marketing Solutions
Paul Andrews, Vice President

A DV E R T I S E RS I N D E X 240 595-2352 ⁄ pandrews@pennwell.com

ADVERTISER PAGE CORPOR ATE OFFICERS

CHAIRMAN Robert F. Biolchini
Cobham Semiconductor Solutions ..........................................................................................................5 VICE CHAIRMAN Frank T. Lauinger
Coilcraft .........................................................................................................................................................7 PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Mark C. Wilmoth
Cornell Dubilier ............................................................................................................................................3 EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, CORPORATE DEVELOPMENT
Crane Aerospace & Electronics ................................................................................................................1 AND STRATEGY Jayne A. Gilsinger
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, FINANCE AND CHIEF FINANCIAL
Dawn VME ...................................................................................................................................................19
OFFICER Brian Conway
Elma Electronic Inc. ..................................................................................................................................22
TECHNOLOGY GROUP
Gaia Converter US .....................................................................................................................................13
SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/PUBLISHING DIRECTOR Christine Shaw
Master Bond Inc. ........................................................................................................................................33
Mercury Systems ...................................................................................................................................... C2
SUBSCRIP TION INQUIRIES
Pasternack Enterprises ..................................................................................................................9, 21, C4
Phone: 847 559-7330 / Fax: 847 763-9607
Phoenix International ...............................................................................................................................33 E-mail: mae@omeda.com
Pico Electronics Inc....................................................................................................................................25 Web: www.mae-subscribe.com

R&D Interconnect Solutions....................................................................................................................15

RGB Spectrum ............................................................................................................................................33
Southwest Microwave...............................................................................................................................11
Systel Inc......................................................................................................................................................23

32 F E B R UA RY 2 0 1 7 MILITARY & AEROSPACE ELECTRONICS www.militaryaerospace.com

1702MAE_32 32 2/6/17 7:59 AM

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