Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Sustainable
Concepts in
Regional and
Urban Planning:
a Holistic Vision
1. // Expanding Challenges
1.1. Global Indications of Climate Change
1.2. Urban Population in the World
1.3. Energy Sector in EU
1.4. Challenge to Urban Structures
1.5. Paradigm Shift
Coal and Crude Oil Natural Nuclear Hydro Geo and Biofuels Heat Total
Peat Gas Solar and
waste
166443 104974 153014 233139 28165 19760 111160 631 817286
20 % 13 % 19 % 29 % 3% 2% 14 % 0% 100 %
Values expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe)
Source: http://www.iea.org/stats/balancetable.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=30
Source: http://www.iea.org/stats/balancetable.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=30
Detroit Development of CO2 reduction plans
60,000
not only on an individual scale, but
Los Angeles
also at an entire city scale
Chicago
(1) High-density redevelopment of
New York
40,000
Melbourne
urban centres in consideration of
Sydney
such factors as building height and
Toronto use
Zurich
20,000 Paris
Frankfurt
(2) Development of public
London
transportation
Copenhagen
Wien
Amsterdam Tokyo
Singapore Hong
Kong Compact cities
Moscow
0 Source: The World Business Council for Sustainable
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Development [WBCSD], Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Urban population density [person/ha]
[/ha]
M1_ SUSTAINABE CONCEPTS
7 A HOLISTIC VIEW 7
1. Expanding Challenges
1.4. Challenge to Urban Structures (2)
Source: J.
URBAN STRUCTURE Kurnitski,
ww.sitra.fi
CO2
emissions 20
per person Australia Unites States
15
Norway
Germany
10
South Africa Japan (Source:
Romania Pekka
Malaysia Spain Huovila, The
5 China 2008 World
Sustainable
India Mexico Building
Conference)
Nigeria Brazil
0
0 1 10 100
Gross national income per person
Farewell to mass-production and mass-consumption society
Successful creation of a low carbon society will help bring about a paradigm shift
Sustainability ?
The term has been used with diverse and evolving meanings.
network
high performance
master plan in sustainability
Anytime, Anywhere
Appropriate Appliances
Increasing Efficiency
Navigation Eco-labelling
system Transition to service
consumption lifestyle
Popularization of
Environmental
buildings
Construction
Policy Policy skills Design skills Financing
Policy
Source: Shuichi Ashina, National Institute for Environmental Studies (CGER/NIES) Urban Planning and Sustainable
Development,March 4, 2010
M1_ SUSTAINABE CONCEPTS
14 A HOLISTIC VIEW 14
2. Climate Change and Energy
2.2. How to achieve Low-Carbon Life? (2)
For example: when a car is driven the engine burns fuel, creating an
amount of carbon dioxide depending on the cars fuel consumption and
the distance the car is driven. A footprint is measured by assessing the
amounts of greenhouse gasses emitted into the atmosphere by this
product and is usually measured in tons of CO2.
A humans carbon footprint is the sum of all emissions of CO2 into the
atmosphere caused by that particular persons activities in a given time
period, usually a year.
For instance:
For instance:
http://www.carbonfootprint.com/calculator.aspx