Belize

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Belize
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Previously known as British Honduras, Belize became the most recent Latin
American country to be granted independence in 1981, when it became a UK
Commonwealth country. Although English is the official language, Spanish is
commonly spoken. With a British colonial heritage, Belize maintains ties to Latin
America, the USA and the Caribbean.
Located in Central America, Belize is bordered to the north by Mexico, to the south
and west by Guatemala and to the east by the Caribbean Sea. Belize has a diverse
culture that retains remnants of the Mayan, Spanish, and British influences. In
addition, there are African and Garifuna cultural influences. It has the lowest
population density in Central America.
The traditions and customs are derived from more than eight diverse cultures. For
generations, the people of Belize have demonstrated a cultural commitment to
preserve the countrys unique charms.
Culture Overview
Cultural Essentials
Personal Relationships/Group Culture

As is often the case in hierarchical cultures, Belizeans are not
individualistic and rely on group affiliations. Since they value relationships,
Belizeans thrive on making and maintaining connections. As such, they
greet people they pass on the street, even if they do not know the person.
Business success is built upon a foundation of strong personal and

business relationships. Like most group-oriented cultures, Belizeans prefer
to do business with people they know and trust. Developing personal
relationships and "fitting in" with others is crucial to business success. It
may take several business trips to develop strong relationships.
Business relationships are between people rather than the company they
represent. Changing a key contact may require the relationship-building
process to start over.
Indirect Communication
Like most other cultures where personal relationships are important,
Belizeans communicate indirectly and subtly so that their words are
http://kpmg.culturewizard.com/DesktopModules/RW3Modules/CP2014/PrintView.aspx... 8.2.2017.
diplomatic and non-confrontational. Their communication focuses more on

form than conveying information. They believe it is more polite to tell
someone what they think that person wants to hear, even if it is not the
absolute truth.
Therefore, they can be uncomfortable giving an overt negative response

and have many ways of packaging their words so that you must listen
closely and pay attention to the context to understand the meaning of their
words. If you are told maybe or well see, you may have been given a
negative answer.
Belizeans rely on facial expression, tone of voice and posture to tell them
what someone feels. They often trust non-verbal messages more than the
spoken word. They are extremely conscious of the need to maintain
personal dignity in social interactions.
You give someone respect by complimenting them or doing something that

increases their self-esteem. Humiliating someone by publicly reprimanding,
insulting or contradicting them causes that person to lose honor.
Family
The family is the foundation of society, the source of someones most
important relationships and takes precedence over other relationships. The
extended family is as important as the nuclear family; both offer a sense of
stability to members. Families provide emotional support and offer
assistance in times of need. Belizeans considers it their duty and
responsibility to help family member find a job. Most young people live at
home until they marry. Elderly parents often live with their married children.
Most Belizean families are extremely traditional. The father is the head of
the family, the authority figure and the decision maker. Mothers are greatly
revered, but their role is secondary. She cares for the children, the house,
and may work outside of the home; yet, she will seldom publicly disagree
with her husband.
View of Time
Belizeans have an interesting approach to time. Like most Latin
Americans, they can seem carefree and not held captive by the clock. At
the same time, the country is has been undergoing a transformation as far
as time since the financial market became such a large part of the local
economy.
As such, business meetings tend to start on time and there is an attempt to

treat time as important. Deadlines may be seen by some as a worthy goal,
but many, especially Generation Y, see the importance of keeping
commitments. At the same time, business often operates slowly because
of the reliance on relationships, which means that everyone who has
something to say should be allowed to do so. Decision making is more
drawn out since consensus is needed when there are too many divergent
opinions.
In social situations, there is generally a 15-minute window granted to

guests, although this may depend upon the particular person.
Religion
Although there is no national religion and the constitution enshrines

religious freedom, there is a national prayer that includes Christian
references. Anglicans established the first church in Belize in the early 19th
century and were quickly followed by Baptist and Methodist missionaries.
The Roman Catholic Church was established in 1851, and nearly half the
population follows that religion. Protestants account for about one-third of
the population, with the largest denominations being Anglican, Pentecostal,
Methodist, Seventh-day Adventist, and Mennonite. Evangelical and
Christian fundamentalist churches have been growing rapidly since the
1990s.
The Mayan and Garifuna practice their own mixture of shamanism and
Christianity.
Belizeans tend to be religious and most people claim affiliation with one.
Christian churches of various denominations work with the government to
run the state schools. Church groups are actively involved in the
communities, helping and providing support as needed.
The impact of religion is seen in the respect for hierarchy, the respect paid
towards women, and the public holidays surrounding Easter.
Role of Women
The constitution enshrines equality and has revised its language to be

gender neutral. Nonetheless, women continue to struggle for equality since
stereotypical gender roles are the norm, although this is slowly changing,
especially in urban areas. As the country moves from depending upon
farming and fishing to increasing tourism and business, university-
educated women are getting chances to improve their position. This is
made easier by the years of British rule, which eradicated much of the
machismo culture often seen in Latin America.
Belize has made some progress towards promoting gender equality and
women's empowerment. However, this remains a challenge in the political
arena. The government has made strides to improve female political
participation by offering several leadership training initiatives for women in
rural and urban areas.
About 30% of the Belizean workforce consists of women, although they

tend to cluster in factory or service jobs. In urban areas, women's roles are
expanding beyond traditional norms and gender equality is expected,
especially by Generation Y. Although men continue to hold managerial
positions in large companies, university-educated women are quickly
becoming accepted as equals in their level within the hierarchy. In smaller

companies, women are achieving greater success.
View of Foreign Women

As in many Latin countries, Belizean men may make catcalls or whistle at a
woman as she passes. The best way to handle such unwanted attention is
to ignore it.
Given the remnants of machismo in the culture, Belizean businessmen

may behave chivalrously towards women. Businesswomen can generally
expect to be treated with respect. There may be cases where a
businessman is not comfortable conducting business with a woman. This is
an individual prejudice and not a cultural nuance.
Tips for Businesswomen

Although Belizean businessmen generally accept foreign businesswomen,
it is a good idea to clearly state that your comments represents your
companys position rather than your personal beliefs.
Belizeans make quick judgments about people and trust their intuitions.
Presenting yourself as sincere, confident and professional gives a good
impression and reinforces your position as a professional.
A businesswoman should extend her hand to a Belizean businessperson

during the greeting process. Address the person using their title and
surname.
A businesswoman may be asked personal questions about her marital

status and whether or not she has children. Since motherhood is revered, if
you are comfortable doing so, you may want to carry photographs of
children who are important to you, even if they are not your own. The
Belizean culture adheres to the concept of the extended family, which
includes close friends.
Smiles and direct eye contact initiated by a woman towards a man do not
indicate the same thing across cultures. When a Belizean woman stares at
a man and smiles, it indicates interest, whereas the same behavior in other
cultures is good manners. Many Belizean businessmen are familiar with
global business behavior and understand the subtle difference. However, it
is a good idea to moderate your behavior until you assess the expectations
of your Belizean colleagues and they have gotten to know you as a person.
Business meals are often used to develop the personal relationship

necessary to conduct business.
Establishing Credibility
If you are doing business with a company for the first time, try to find a
high-ranking person who knows the people with whom you will be working
to handle the introduction. This person need not be from your company. It
is more important that the introducer be personally known to your Belizean
business associate.
It is a good idea to establish your credentials as soon as possible, even if it

has previously been done by the person who initiated the introduction. At
the same time, a businesswoman must be careful not to appear arrogant
as this is considered negative a characteristic.
Titles are important. They tell others how to behave towards you and
where to place you relative to themselves -- and relative to the hierarchy.
Without a title of manager or above, Belizeans may assume you do not
have a position of authority. If you are a business traveler, you may wish to
invent a "business card title" to facilitate smoother working relationships.
A businesswoman should be authorized to make decisions. Saying you are

not may cause you to lose credibility.
If you are the leader of a team, your name should appear on the top of the
team list. This automatically gives you credibility, since it demonstrates
your position in the hierarchy. Before the presentation, arrange with your
team which questions should be deferred to you as the expert.
Foreign businesswomen may find that their Belizean male colleagues are
more comfortable going to a male for authorization and feedback, even if
the decision is the woman's responsibility. Handle such situations by
developing relationships.
View of Foreigners
Belize has a long history of immigration and absorbing people of different

nationalities into their country with little difficulty. Over the last decade,
Belize has become a favorite tourist destination for anyone looking for a
sparsely populated tropical area. Since foreigners can buy property and
become citizens, the country is becoming home to American and Canadian
retirees.
For the most part, Belizeans are welcoming to foreigners. They often use
what would be considered derogatory terms to refer to foreigners such as
"gringos" for Caucasians, "China man" for Chinese and "black man" for
anyone of African descent. These terms are not meant in an offensive way;
they are simply using an accepted nickname or shorthand way of speaking.
Belizeans tend to mirror a foreigner's behavior. So, condescending

behavior is responded to by resentment and aloofness, while polite
behavior leads to acceptance. This is a culture where being outwardly
open and friendly Belizeans will welcome you into their country. However, it
may take time and repeated meetings before a foreigner becomes part of
the inner circle of extended family and friends.
Belizeans tend to think that foreigners who move to Belize are wealthy,
which means that the foreigner can afford to be charged a higher price
than a local.
Cross Culture Tips
The following cultural observations are based on the dimensions in the

ICAM169; Cultural Model. They are designed to help you work and
understand people from other cultural backgrounds.
Please keep in mind that not all people from any given culture act the
same, but in order to describe cultural traits, we had to make
generalizations, which may not apply in some cases. Perhaps the most
important tip we can provide is that when interacting across cultures, you
need to approach every situation with an understanding of the basic tenets
of a given culture and yet remain alert to the specific cultural signals you
receive in each situation and adjust your behavior and expectations
accordingly.
Hierarchical vs. Egalitarian

The defining characteristics of this dimension are:
How society is structured

How power is allocated or earned
Tolerance for social mobility
How organizations are structured and run
The amount of responsibility and control employees are given
Belize is hierarchical, so when interacting with Belizeans, you should

remember the following tips:
You will need to give clear, explicit directions regarding duties,

deadlines, and decisions.
As a manager, you will be expected to demonstrate an authoritative
leadership style.
Do not expect employees to display individual initiative; they expect
to take direction from the leader.
Be aware that people expect to be treated differently based on their
socio-economic backgrounds or levels in the organization.
Show the appropriate level of deference and respect, through
language and behavior, to the more senior members of society.
Expect to encounter more bureaucracy in organizations and
government agencies.
Formal vs. Informal

The importance of appearance and demeanor as an indicator of

status
The importance of protocol and etiquette
The appropriate use of titles, surnames and honorifics
The appropriateness of discussing personal matters at work
Appropriate ways of meeting people, building relationships and
entertaining
Belize is a formal society. When you interact with Belizeans:
Address people by their appropriate title and name. Do not move to

first-name basis until invited.
In general, it is best to use the formal tense when using the local
language.
Status is important and you may be judged on the image you present,
the clothes you wear and where you live and what car you drive.
These external cues matter to locals.
Do not ask personal questions in a social setting unless you have
developed a close relationship with someone. Check to be certain it
is proper to use social functions to network.
Check with a colleague or local national about rules of protocol and
etiquette about specific circumstances since being correct with
etiquette is important.
Group vs. Individual

The source of an individual's identity and loyalties

The relative importance of the individual versus the group
Whether legal systems will protect the rights of the individual or focus
on the group as a whole
Whether individuals prefer to work alone or be part of a group
Whether work teams operate as a seamless entity or as cooperating
individuals
The value of individual contributions vs. teamwork in accomplishing
and rewarding business goals
The roles and responsibilities of individuals to other family members
The appropriate levels of self-assertion and self-promotion within a
society
Belize is group-oriented culture. The following will help you when you
interact with Belizeans:
People value their role as a team member and identify themselves

first as part of a group, then as an individual.
They may be uncomfortable if too much focus is placed on them
individually.
In general, people will consult with others before stating their opinion.
Individuals are not generally comfortable taking credit for their
accomplishments, preferring the praise to be given to the entire
group.
Promotions tend to be based on seniority and relationships rather
than performance.
Individuals feel a strong sense of responsibility for family members.
Decision making may be a slow process since consensus is
important. Once a decision is reached, implementation may be quite
rapid.
Interpersonal vs. Transactional Relationships

What constitutes a relationship
What are the expectations

Whether trust is deemed critical to building social or business
relationships
What takes precedence in making a business decision: the people
involved or other more objective business criteria
The pace and degree of formalized rituals in building new
relationships
The appropriateness of mixing business and pleasure, or
professional and personal lives
Belize is an interpersonal, relationship-oriented culture. When you have

business or social interactions with Belizeans, you will want to remember
these points:
Relationship building is important and tends to be somewhat formal

and ritualized.
In general, relationship building takes time and attention. In return,
once developed, relationships are long lived.
Expect to be asked personal questions. This is how locals learn more
about you as a person so that they can be learn if the type of person
with whom they want a relationship.
In a business situation, personal relationships, trust and familiarity will
likely take precedence over price and perhaps even efficiency.
Employing or giving favorable treatment to family members and
friends may be good business, and what may be considered to be
"nepotism" in your culture may be openly accepted.
There are expectations that people have of relationship-based
behavior, which may include going out after work to socialize,
entertaining at ones home or even inviting someone for the weekend
and while these may be seen as casual in your culture, they carry an
underlying assumption of friendship.
Indirect vs. Direct Communication

The relative importance of verbal vs. non-verbal communication

The degree of directness or subtlety in the language
The relative importance of contextual versus tactical information in
conveying a message
The need to maintain harmony and dignity when communicating
The degree to which a society uses conciseness and clarity versus
eloquent language when communicating
Belize is an indirect communication culture. The following tips will give you
clues about how you might handle communication with Belizeans:
Non-verbal gestures are important to enhance the meaning and

acceptance of the words being spoken.
Adding some context, background information, and dialog are
important to assure understanding.
Eloquence in verbal communication and meticulous preparation of
written or visual communication forms are highly valued.
Take care when making introductions to have a respectful, even

deferential demeanor.
Show you are considering the subject thoroughly when a topic is
presented.
Fluid vs. Controlled Time

The degree to which people feel that they can control time
The relative importance of relationships vs. schedules
Attitudes towards timekeeping and punctuality
Comfort level with short range vs. longer term planning
The feasibility / appropriateness of assigning set times for social
functions or business meetings to start and finish
Belize is a Fluid Time culture. The following tips will give you clues about
how you may best interact with Belizeans:
Time schedules and deadlines are not necessarily considered final.

Tending to relationships may be more important.
Given their exposure to global business standards, people generally
know that foreigners value promptness and they may strive to
comply. This may be less pronounced when meeting with
government officials.
There is generally a large window of accepted lateness for social
events in someones house.
It may be rude to interrupt a colleague who is taking a long time to
deliver a message, and brevity to maintain time schedules is not
considered a virtue.
External vs. Internal Control

The degree to which people feel they control their environment and
destiny-or the degree to which they feel their environment and
destiny control them
Openness to change and innovation
The preference for rules and structure
Willingness to take risks
The degree to which organizational practices encourage and reward
initiative and risk taking, and allow failure
Belize is an External Control society. When interacting with Belizeans, you

should remember the following tips:
People in these societies are typically quite risk averse and the
society is not readily forgiving of failure.
People in this society look for strong, directive leadership.
Management is often paternalistic and care-taking towards
employees.
Don't expect changes to be readily embraced and be prepared for
considerable resistance even after youve been able to demonstrate
the value of a proposed change.
While employees and colleagues in Belize may show a great deal of

competence, dont be surprised if they dont show much initiative.
When introducing initiatives, be prepared for considerable discussion
and debate and other actions that demonstrate resistance.
Balance vs. Status Motivation

The importance and value attached to professional vs. personal lives

How status and success are defined by a society
The presence or absence of government-sponsored initiatives
relating to family welfare benefits
The source of an individual's identity and self-esteem
Tolerance for blurring the lines between professional and personal
lives
Belize is a Balance-Motivation culture. When interacting with Belizeans,

you should remember the following tips:
Individuals value their personal and family time.

Personal identity, status and sense of personal accomplishment are
derived from family, education and pursuits outside of the workplace.
Employees see a clear distinction between work time and personal
time and rarely blur those lines.
Family obligations will take precedence over professional loyalties or
advancement.
People are reluctant to permanently relocate and leave family and
friends.
Country Overview
The People
The Belizean people are comprised of Maya, Mestizo, Creole, Garifuna,

East Indian, Mennonite, Arab and Chinese. In addition, there are a number
of expatriates and foreign retirees.
Although English is the official language, Many Belizeans speak Spanish or

Creole. Other languages spoken include Mayan dialects, Garifuna and
German.
Nationality:
Noun: Belizean(s)
Adjective: Belizean
Population:
340,844 (July 2014 est.)
Population growth rate:

1.92% (2014 est.)
Ethnic groups:
Mestizo 48.7%, Creole 24.9%, Maya 10.6%, Garifuna 6.1%, other 9.7%
(2000 census)
Religions:
Roman Catholic 39.3%, Pentacostal 8.3%, Seventh Day Adventist 5.3%,
Anglican 4.5%, Mennonite 3.7%, Baptist 3.5%, Methodist 2.8%, Nazarene
2.8%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.6%, other 9.9% (includes Baha'i Faith,
Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Mormon), other (unknown) 3.1%, none
15.2% (2010 census)
Languages:
Spanish (official) 60%, Amerindian languages 40%
Source: The World Factbook
Cities & Regions
Belize has a diverse geography ranging from its barrier reef, which is the
second largest in the world, its cayes (more than 200 small islands) in the
Caribbean along the coastline to the Maya Mountains, which are covered
by tropical forests and the only pine forest in Central America. The north
and central parts of the country are comprised of open plains and
savannas.
Belize is known for its biodiversity and distinctive ecosystems. Coastal

areas have a swampy coastal plain with mangrove swamps. In the south
and interior there are hills and low mountains. Most of the land is
undeveloped and is forested with hardwoods. It is a part of the
Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot and it has many jungles, wildlife
reserves, a large variety of different species of flora and fauna and the
largest cave system in Central America. Some species of Belize's flora and
fauna include the black orchid, the mahogany tree, the toucan and tapirs.
The country enjoys a subtropical climate, cooled by steady trade winds

from the Caribbean. The climate along the Maya Mountains tends to be
cooler given the altitude. There is a rainy season in July and August and a
dry season from February to May.
Belmopan
Called the Garden City, Belmopan is the capital of Belize. It was built with
British aid after Hurricane Hattie demolished nearly 75% of the homes and
business in Belize City in 1961. The government wanted a new capital city
that was inland and safe from tropical storms. Some foreign governments
were hesitant to move their embassies in 1970, when the first phase of
construction was completed.
It is one of the safest cities in Belize with well-laid out streets and avenues
and paved roads. It is laid out around a Ring Road that encircles most of
the city. It has good road signage, pedestrian ramps, wide open green
spaces, and a building code requiring all buildings be made of concrete to
reduce.
Market days are Tuesdays and Fridays, with farmers and artisans selling a
variety of fresh produce, marine products, new and used furniture and
appliances, clothing, pets as well as retail and wholesale groceries.
Belize City was once the capital of Belize and is the largest city in the
country. It offers a look at an old city that remains the main population
center and commercial hub of the country. The city has the principal port
and is the country's financial and industrial hub. Several cruise ships
anchor outside the port.
Most commercial activity takes place in the downtown area, near the Swing
Bridge, which joins North Front Street in the north to Albert and Queen
Streets on the south. The city is so run-down that the government has
launched a program to clean up the areas tourists are most likely to see.
Street hawkers selling anything from handmade jewelry, wood carvings
and tourist knickknacks are very active.
Police are visible during the day and when cruise ships are in port.
Government
Country name:
Conventional Long Form: None

Conventional Short Form: Belize
Former: British Honduras
Government type:
Parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Capital:
Belmopan
Independence:
21 September 1981 (from the UK)
Legal system:
English common law
More Government Information
Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members in Belize

https://www.cia.gov/
An online directory of leaders updated weekly by the Central Intelligence
Agency.
Background Note: Belize

http://www.state.gov/
An overview of government and political conditions published by the U.S.
Department of State.
Links to Government Web Sites

http://www.gksoft.com/
A comprehensive directory of Belizean government Web sites.
Economy
Currency:
Belizean dollar (BZD)
Economy - overview:
Tourism is the number one foreign exchange earner in this small economy,
followed by exports of marine products, citrus, cane sugar, bananas, and
garments. The government's expansionary monetary and fiscal policies,
initiated in September 1998, led to GDP growth averaging nearly 4% in
1999-2007. Oil discoveries in 2006 bolstered this growth. Exploration
efforts have continued and production has increased a small amount.
Growth slipped to 0% in 2009, resulting from the global economic

slowdown, natural disasters, and a temporary drop in the price of oil, but
grew to 2.5% in 2013. With weak economic growth and a large public debt
burden, fiscal spending is likely to be tight.
In January 2013, the government announced that it had reached a deal

with creditors to restructure its $544 million commercial external debt,
commonly referred to as the "superbond." The superbond represents one
half of the country's public debt. A key government objective remains the
reduction of poverty and inequality with the help of international donors.
Although Belize has the second highest per capita income in Central
America, the average income figure masks a huge income disparity
between rich and poor. The sizable trade deficit and heavy foreign debt
burden continue to be major concerns.
Industries:
Garment production, food processing, tourism, construction, oil
Exports - partners:
US 31.8%, UK 21.9%, Nigeria 4.8%, Japan 4.1%, Netherlands 4.1%

(2012)
More Economic Information
Ministry of Finance and Economic Development

http://www.belize.gov.bz
Economic information provided by the Belizean government.
Central Bank of Belize

http://www.centralbank.org.bz
Financial and economic information about Belize developed by the Central
Bank.
Geography & Climate
Location:
Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and
Mexico
Area:
Total: 22,966 sq km
Land: 22,806 sq km
Water: 160 sq km
Land Boundaries:
Total: 542 km
Border Countries: Guatemala 266 km, Mexico 276 km
Coastline:
386 km
Climate:
Tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season (May to November); dry season
(February to May)
Terrain:
Flat, swampy coastal plain; low mountains in south
Elevation extremes:
Lowest Point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
Highest Point: Doyle's Delight 1,160 m
Natural hazards:
Frequent, devastating hurricanes (June to November) and coastal flooding
(especially in south)
Environment - current issues:

Deforestation; water pollution from sewage, industrial effluents, agricultural
runoff; solid and sewage waste disposal
Geography - note:
Only country in Central America without a coastline on the North Pacific
Ocean
History Overview
The Mayans were the original settlers of current-day Belize.

The first-known Spanish expeditions occurred in 1508. The Mayans
resisted Spanish attempts at control. Three years later, Geronimo de
Aguilar became the first Spanish settler.The Spanish officially
invaded in 1542, conquering the Mayans. In 1546, there was a
rebellion and the Mayan ousted the Spanish from the country. The
following year, the Spanish again invaded.
In 1636, war ensued between the Mayan and Spanish who wanted to
enslave the local population. By the following year, the population
neared extinction. Two years later, Mayan political leaders from the
western capital at Tipu started a new independence movement.
In 1763, after successfully repelling Spanish invasions for 225 years,
the Mayans agree to the Treaty of Paris in Europe. This allowed
absentee Spain with no troops on the ground to claim. Belizeans
were neither consulted nor invited to participate in this conference
that divided the potential spoils of Belize. Twenty years later, the
Treaty of Versailles was signed with terms similar to Treaty of Paris.
The Central American region declared its independence from Spain
in 1821.
English laws were declared to be in force in 1840. An Executive
Council was formed to assist superintendent.
In 1850, as part of a USA-UK treaty, the UK agreed not to occupy,
fortify, or colonize any part of Central America. The UK claimed this
treaty exempts Belize as prior settlement.
A formal constitution was adopted in 1852, providing for Legislative
Assembly. In 1855, the legal system was regularized.
1859, Guatemala recognized British sovereignty but claimed it signed
the treaty because Britain agreed to build road to Caribbean coast.
Belize was officially declared a British colony in 1862 with name
British Honduras. In 1871, the country's status was changed to crown
colony under the governor in Jamaica. In 1884, ties to Jamaica were
severed and Belize was granted separate colony status.
In 1941, mass meetings were held; demands were made for adult
suffrage and the right to elect their government. Labor unions were
legalized by colonial governor. In 1945, Belize was defined as the
23rd department in Guatemala's new constitution.
The People's Committee was formed in 1949 to protest devaluation

of British Honduras dollar. The People's United Party (PUP) was
formed the following year. Minimum age for women voters was
lowered from 30 to 21.
A new constitution was enacted in 1954. It provided for universal
suffrage, and elected a majority in Legislative Council. PUP begins
30-year winning streak in all general and most local elections. In
1955, a semi -ministerial government was introduced but the
governor retained his powers.
Belize obtained associate-member status in United Nations
Economic Commission for Latin America in 1961.
In a move towards independence, the Executive Council of governor
became a Cabinet of ministers, and reserve powers were eliminated
in 1964. Control of local government passed to Belize; the UK
retained control over defense, foreign affairs, internal security, terms
and conditions of public service.
In 1975, continued tensions with Guatemala prompted the UK to
send Harrier jets to Belize. The UK allowed local government to act in
international matters. The USA abstained in the first of series of votes
by the United Nations on Belize's right to self-determination. In 1980,
the UN passed a resolution demanding Belizean independence
before next session in 1981.
Guatemala recognized Belize as a sovereign and independent
country in 1992. Ten years later, the two countries agreed on a draft
settlement to their long-standing border dispute at talks brokered by
the Organisation of American States (OAS). The deal was rejected by
Guatemala in 2003. In 2007, the OAS recommended the dispute be
referred to the International Court of Justice (ICJ).
In April 2005, rioting broke out in the capital during a wave of anti-
government protests.
Belize began commercial exploitation of its oil reserves in Spring
2006.
In March 2014, Belize and Guatemala reached an agreement on
prohibiting illegal logging.
We recommend this resource for historical information
A History of Belize
http://www.belizenet.com/
A complete history of Belize taken from a book on the same subject.
Social Etiquette
Meeting People
Belizeans tend to be warm, friendly and gentle. It is expected that you will
greet Belizeans with a warm "good morning" or "hello", which will quickly
be returned in kind. Greeting should include small talk and the exchange of
mutual pleasantries about neutral topics.
Belizean men greet each other by shaking hands. If they know the other
person well, they may use the more traditional hug and back slapping.
Women shake hands with other women, often with a light pat on the
person's right forearm. Close friends generally hug and kiss on the right
cheek.
Men and women generally greet each other by shaking hands. If there is
an existing personal relationship, they may offer a light hug, a brief
touching of cheeks or even a light kiss on the cheek.
Behaviors are quite different in rural Mayan communities where Mayan

traditions are maintained. As such, there is little social interaction between
the sexes.
Maintain eye contact and include the appropriate salutation for the time of
day ("buenos dias", "buenas noches", or "buenas tardes", for good
morning, good afternoon and good evening respectively) when greeting
someone.
Address Belizeans with the appropriate honorific title (Seor or Seora)

and their surname until invited to move to a first-name basis.
At a social event with 10 or fewer guests, your host will most likely
introduce you to each guest. It is considered a sign of good breeding to
shake hands with each person. When you are ready to leave, say goodbye
and shake hands with the remaining guests prior to leaving. At a larger
social event, you are expected to greet people individually as you speak
with them.
Gift Giving
In general, Belizeans exchange gifts with family and close friends for
birthdays, Christmas and important events in a persons life. It is best not to
give an expensive gift, since it might embarrass the recipient.
Here are some general gift giving guidelines (but also check to be sure
they are permitted under company policy):
If invited to a Belizean home, bring flowers, pastries, good quality

candy, or imported chocolates to the hosts.
Do not give red flowers, which some believe can be used to cast
spells.
Do not give yellow flowers; they symbolize death and bereavement.
Avoid purple flowers or marigolds; they are used at funerals.
White flowers are thought to be uplifting, and make an excellent gift.
Gifts should be nicely wrapped; there are no prohibitions about the
paper color.
Avoid giving knives or scissors; they indicate a desire to sever the

relationship.
A small gift for the children would be appreciated.
Gifts are generally opened immediately.
Entertaining
How Belizeans Entertain

Belizeans generally enjoy socializing and extending hospitality in their
home. They often extend invitations the day of an event. Invitations are
generally given verbally or over the telephone.
If you are invited to a Belizeans house:
It is a good idea to ask your hosts when most guests will arrive. At
one time, a 30-minute grace period was the norm, but many
Belizeans now expect punctuality.
Dress casually but well to show respect towards your hosts. This is
not the time to wear tattered clothing, even if it is the latest fashion.
Do not initiate business discussions.
You may telephone your hosts the following day to thank them for
their hospitality.
Table Manners
Table manners are relatively relaxed. The more formal the occasion, the
stricter the protocol. When in doubt, watch what others are doing and
emulate their behavior.
Wait for the host or hostess to tell you where to sit. There may be a
seating plan.
Do not sit until the host takes his seat.
Table manners are Continental -- hold the fork in the left hand and
the knife in the right while eating.
Meals are generally served family-style.
Pass dishes to the left.
Do not begin eating until everyone is seated and the hostess starts.
Keep your hands visible when eating. Keep your wrists resting on the
edge of the table.
If tortillas are served, you may tear them into pieces and use them to
scoop up food on your plate.
Taking a second helping compliments the hosts.
Meals are social occasions and can be quite lengthy.
The first person to get up from the table is expected to say "muchas
gracias" ("thank you") to the hosts.
Toasting Etiquette
The host generally makes the first toast.

Only men give toasts.
Look at the person being toasted.
If you do not want anything more to drink, leave your glass half full.
Dining Out
Although Belizeans seldom tip, it is expected from foreigners. Most
restaurants do not have service charges, although it is a good idea to
check the bill. If there is a service charge, tip 5%, if there is no service
charge, a 10% is acceptable with 15% for exceptional service.
In general, the person who extends the invitation intends to pay. If you
want to host a meal, make your intentions known when you invite the
others. The concept of splitting the bill among the guests is becoming more
common with Gen Y Belizeans, although it is generally spelled out in
advance.
Tipping
The following tipping hints are guidelines. You can find more explicit
information on restaurant tipping in the Dining Out section above.
Restaurants: 10 - 15%
Porters: $1 per bag
Taxis: 10%
Approach to Time
Belizeans have an interesting approach to time based on their Spanish and

British colonizers. Historically, Belizeans have had a laid-back approach to
time and believed that relationships were more important than strict
reliance on the clock. Buses do not adhere to strict schedules. In fact, in
many cases, schedules are not posted along the route.
When invited to a social engagement, it is a good idea to ask the host or

other guests when you should arrive. Generally, if you are expected to
arrive at the stipulated time, the hosts will let that be known.
With the increasing tourist influence on the country as well as the

expansion of the financial services and oil industry, the attitude towards
time and punctuality is changing and arriving on time is considered
courteous in many circles.
Conversation Topics
Belizeans are friendly, laid back, friendly and eager to engage in

conversation. At the same time, they can be sensitive to foreigners who
come into their country and tell them what is wrong and how to fix it. Since
both politics and religion are taken quite seriously, it is best not to raise
them as topics of discussion.
Since they are proud of their country and its culture, Belizeans are
impressed when foreigners take the time to learn about their history and
culture and ask interesting questions. Family, travel, sports (especially
soccer), and vacations are good topics of conversation.
For the most part, Belizeans do not engage in much touching behavior
when conversing. They tend to avoid confrontation, when possible. Eye
contact is not held through an entire conversation.
Other Situations
Although Belizeans will be polite and hospitable should a guest arrive

without an invitation, they prefer to arrange visits to their home in advance.
It is expected that people will greet shopkeepers when entering a store or

business with the appropriate salutation for the time of day. When passing
someone along the street, even a stranger, nodding the head is sufficient
acknowledgement.
Bargaining is not the norm, except at street markets.
On the cayes, dress is fairly liberal for this conservative country. Bathing
suits, no shoes, and women with a thin cover-up over their bathing suit are
common sights. Dress on the mainland is more conservative, although it
remains casual. Both men and women can wear short sleeved shirts,
shorts and sandals. Longer clothing and covered shoes are commonly
worn as protection against insects.
Faux Pas
Keep in mind the following behaviors while in Belize:
Do not revealing clothing in public on the mainland.

Do not toss objects to a person; hand it to them.
Do not flaunt your wealth.
Do not point your fingers or feet at a person.
Do not photograph Mayans, especially children.
Do not take photos of official buildings (it is illegal) or inside a church.
Ask a local before taking their photograph.
Avoid being loud, rude, or getting noticeably drunk in public.
Do not wear revealing clothing when visiting a church.
Communication
Communication Essentials
Despite the influence of their British colonizers, Belizeans are similar to

their Latin American neighbors and have an indirect communication style.
Many expats claim that Belizeans avoid coming to the point and that the
listener is expected to understand what is not said, since it can be as
important as what is said.
For the most part, Belizeans strive for polite, tactful and respectful
communication and avoid confrontation. Therefore, they may answer "yes"
to a question, even if they did not understand what was asked, since
saying that they did not understand would bring shame to both parties. To
ensure that you received the appropriate response, it is best to ask open-
ended questions rather than ones that can be answered yes or no. If you
are uncertain that the response you received is correct, you may re-phrase
the question.
Since the communication style is indirect, it is important to provide

historical background and information on how the situation arose when
addressing a business challenge and/or the need to develop a new
solution.
Like most Latin Americans, Belizeans have a well-developed sense of

personal honor and react negatively to public criticism or calling attention to
an error. Therefore, it is important that you behave circumspectly and take
care not to inadvertently cause offense.
Belizeans do not engage in extended eye contact when conversing. When

speaking to someone senior to themselves in age or position, they may
look down to show respect and deference.
This is a culture that emphasizes personal feelings and sentiments over

concrete facts. Therefore, it is important to invest time in developing a
personal relationship with Belizeans before conducting business. Their
personal feelings about you will be more important to them than concrete
facts and figures when making a decision. It is a good idea to present
information with the words "I feel" as they convey a personal attachment to
what you are saying.
Key Words/Phrases
Although English is the official language, most residents speak either
Spanish or Creole. It is a good idea to research the specific language
background of the people with whom you will be working.
English Spanish Creole
Yes Si Ahaahn
No No No
Good morning Buenos dias Gud maanin!
Hello (evening) Buenas noches Gud night
Hello (informal) Hola! Heloa
How are you? Que Tal? Da how yu di du?
Goodbye Adis! Gudbai
Pleased to meet you Encantado de conocerle
Excuse me Perdn -
Spoken Key Phrases

http://www.omniglot.com
The Spanish alphabet, pronunciation guide, spoken phrases and links to
more information.
Dictionaries
Belize Creole Dictionary prepared by the National Kriol Council
http://www.sil.org
Language Related Videos

http://www.youtube.com
Videos featuring general Spanish lessons - specific words and phrases
may vary in Belize.
http://www.youtube.com
A short video series featuring essential Spanish words and phrases.
Using Translators
Take care in selecting a translator and develop an early understanding of
what you expect--specifically, the translation must be exact, rather than
what the translator thinks each party wants to hear.
To be on the safe side you may want to meet with the translator prior to
your appointments so that the person learns your accent and can be
exposed to any technical or non-familiar terms that may be used.
Developing a thorough relationship with your translator enables them to
argue your points with a level of confidence they might not otherwise have.
Have your translator explain to you the most elementary of basic
courtesies.
Non-Verbal Language
Except for their greetings, Belizeans are not a touching culture. Public
displays of affection are rare and are considered.
Non-verbal communication is prevalent in Belize; both hand and facial

gestures can be varied and complicated. Garinagu and Creoles are
especially animated.
Belizeans might indicate direction with their head or lips.
Staring or pointing at someone is rude.
Sucking air through the teeth can mean Give me a break.
People might hiss to get one's attention, but this is offensive to many
(especially women).
Mail & Telephone
Letters/Email
Written communication should be in English and follow strict rules of
protocol. When addressing a letter, use the appropriate honorific, academic
or professional title and the persons surname.
It is polite to inquire about a persons health and family before getting down
to the business purpose of your communication. Think of the first and
closing paragraphs as the equivalent of small talk, using the remainder of
the letter for business.
If you send a letter to schedule your first meeting, include background

information about yourself and your company. This is a relationship-driven
culture where business is personal, so it is important that Belizeans know
something about you as a person.
Email is becoming more widespread, especially among younger workers.

However, the communication style remains more formal than in many other
countries. Do not use slang or abbreviations.
In any written communication it is important to maintain the highest

standards of presentation.
Telephone
As you might expect in a relationship-driven culture, the telephone is not
the preferred medium of communication, especially before a relationship
has developed. Belizeans prefer to see a person when speaking so they
can assess their character using non-verbal clues.
You may schedule an initial meeting by telephone or re-confirm an

appointment. Once you have a personal relationship, it is easier to conduct
business over the telephone, but it cannot completely replace personal

contact.
Although many businesspeople can communicate in English, quite often

their secretaries cannot. Knowledge of rudimentary Spanish may facilitate
getting through to the person quickly and efficiently. In general, senior level
managers and above have private secretaries who act as gatekeepers.
Presentations
Handouts
Handouts may be given at any stage of the presentation.

Handouts should be available in both Spanish and English.
Check with a local national to ensure there are no typos or factual
errors, and that the language used is appropriate for the audience.
It is a good idea to include a one-page summary as well.
Presentation Slides/PowerPoint
Prefer visual presentations that are well designed, backed up by facts

and are to the point.
To emphasize a point, intersperse charts and graphs with written
material.
Graphics may be used if they are aesthetically pleasing, original and
captivating.
Presentation materials should be polished and elegant.
Use diagrams and pictures when possible rather than words.
If you present an outline, only include 3 5 key points.
Audience
May arrive late.

The decision maker may not be in the audience.
May interrupt and speak over each other to show their engagement.
This may lead to tangential conversations.
Presenter
Have coffee available before the presentation to allow the audience

to meet and greet the presenter and each other.
Shake hands with the audience individually when they arrive.
In this relationship-oriented culture, you must establish genuine
rapport with the audience, even if you have the proper background
and credentials.
Strive for a cordial yet formal delivery style.
Concentrate on the content; do not give a sales pitch.
Avoid idioms and metaphors that may be unclear or unfamiliar to the
audience.
Speak slowly and enunciate your words carefully so they can be

understood.
Smile frequently and make direct eye contact with the audience to
facilitate the way your material is received.
Limit the presentation to no more than 30 minutes to ensure
maximum attention.
Opening the Presentation
Begin with a bit about yourself and your company. It is important that
you show yourself to be an expert.
Then give a big picture overview.
Body of the Presentation
Start with the general concept and then work into the specific details.
A blend of both empirical evidence and emotional appeals are well
received.
Give a concise but well-structured presentation that incorporates the
conceptual framework of your proposal and addresses the local
context.
Include concrete data, show results, and communicate clearly when
you are making a point.
Technical aspects of the proposal may be discussed if the designated
technical expert is present.
Repeat important points by rephrasing them to ensure understanding.
Closing the Presentation
Repeat the key message again.

End with a thought-provoking question or a statement that evokes
thought and/or positive emotion.
Thank the audience.
Invest time in a Q&A period. However, questions may not necessarily
be asked.
Shake hands with each member of the audience as they leave.
Date/Time
Date
In Belize, dates are generally written in the month, day,and year format
with slashes between each number. If the day or month is less than 10,
leading zeroes may be omitted. Years are written in two or four digits.
Example: July 9, 2011 could be written 07/11/11 or 07/11/2011.
To ensure there is no confusion, you may want to spell out the name of the
month. This leaves no ambiguity as to what is the day and what is the
month.
Time
The 24-hour clock is a timekeeping convention where the time of a day is

the number of hours since midnight. The 12-hour clock divides the day into
two periods (midnight to noon and noon to midnight), each with 12 hours.
Thus, 2 o'clock in the afternoon would be 14:00 in the 24-hour clock.
Belizeans generally communicate using the 12-hour clock.
Business Protocol
Meeting & Greeting
Handshakes are fairly loose and often held a bit longer than in many
other cultures.
Wait for a woman to extend her hand first.
Maintain eye contact during the greeting.
Address Belizeans by their honorific titles (Seor or Seora) or their
professional or academic title and their surname.
It is polite to engage in social chitchat when introduced to a Belizean.
Wait for your business colleague to suggest moving to a first-name
basis.
Business Cards
Business cards are exchanged during introductions with everyone at

a meeting.
Business cards are given without formal ritual.
Include any advanced university degree or professional designation
on your card.
You may have one side of your business card translated into
Spanish, although it is not a requirement.
Business Attire
The way a businessperson dresses conveys their professional image and

their respect for the people with whom they conduct business. As such,
what we report is the conservative approach to business attire for a
country. Appropriate attire varies within countries based on location, event,
and individual organization culture. Some industries and companies may
have less stringent requirements. Before embarking on an international
trip, it is generally a good idea to check with the local office to determine
what the appropriate dress code is in a specific location.
Business attire is semi-casual or business casual.

Belizean businessmen generally wear khaki slacks with a collared
shirt. In Belmopan, guayabera shirts are often worn.
Ties and jackets are not required.
Belizean businesswomen generally wear trousers or skirts with a
conservative blouse.
Lightweight clothing of natural fibers is best in the heat.
Sandals are acceptable foot attire, although flip-flops are best not
worn in business settings.
Gifts
Here are some general gift giving guidelines (but also check to be sure
they comply with company policy):
Business gifts are not part of the business culture.

Gifts may be given as an expression of good will.
Gifts should not be given at the initial meeting.
Initial gifts can include coffee table books about your country or a
good-quality marketing item with your company logo.
Gifts should not too expensive, or they may be seen as an attempt to
curry favor.
If you will be returning for another visit, it is a good idea to ask your
colleagues if there is anything you could bring them from your home
country.
Bringing a small gift for the secretary or other staff members who
have been helpful at the end of your trip is generally well received.
Gifts may include your company logo.
Business Entertaining
Business entertainment is important as it solidifies the personal

relationship.
Most business entertaining takes place at dinner.
Business lunches are less common because this is considered family
time.
Allow the host to initiate any business discussions.
If you plan to host a meal, ask the secretary to recommend a high
quality restaurant that her boss enjoys.
The person who extends the invitation generally pays for the meal.
Business Hours
Offices: 8:00am-6:00pm Monday to Friday. Many businesses close

for 2 hours at lunch time.
Banks: 10:00am-3:00pm Monday to Friday
Shops: 9:00am-8:00pm Monday to Friday; many shops close for a
2-hour siesta. 9:00am-1:00pm on Saturday.
Government offices: 8:00am 4:00pm Monday to Friday
Business Meetings
Meeting Essentials
Structure: Agendas are often used, especially when dealing with

companies that are accustomed to working with international firms.
Smaller companies may not provide an agenda.
Role of Leader: Leaders command a great deal of deference and
respect. They open the meeting, make any opening remarks or
welcoming speeches, set the pace, and determine when the meeting
ends.
Purpose: Meetings serve many purposes. They may be used to
announce decisions, for participants at the same level to reach a
consensus, or for key stakeholders to communicate their feelings and
to listen to the feelings of others.
Who attends: Key stakeholders and others interested in the subject.
Who participates/speaks: Attendees are encouraged to participate.
Statements are often based upon emotional feelings rather than
concrete facts.
It is a good idea to provide information about who will be representing your

company at a meeting. When you do this, provide each persons title.
Belize has a hierarchical culture where titles are respected and the titles
indicate how serious your company is about conducting business.
Meetings generally start after a period of getting-to-know-you conversation,

the length of which is determined by the most senior Belizean. When
meeting with a company for the first time, the entire meeting may be used
to develop the relationship and business may not be discussed until the
second meeting.
Personal relationships are extremely important. Plan to devote sufficient

time to relationship-building before discussing business. You may be asked
probing personal questions that would not be socially acceptable in your
culture. This is not meant to be rude; it merely indicates that the Belizean
wants to get to know you as a person.
Subjective feelings are more important than facts when presenting a

business case. Stating that taking a certain action will enhance the honor
of the decision maker can be more successful than providing graphs,
charts, and detailed data.
Scheduling Meetings
Business appointments are required and should be made at least 2 weeks

in advance, although if necessary, meetings can often be scheduled on
short notice. Reconfirm the appointment one week before the meeting.
It is often difficult to arrange meetings in the two weeks before and after
Christmas and the week before and after Easter.
Belizeans expect foreigners to arrive promptly for meetings and many

Belizeans do; however, there remain some older Belizeans who have not
adapted to the Western concept of promptness.
Agendas
Agendas are frequently used by larger companies or when doing

business with foreigners.
It is a good idea to forward recommended agenda items in advance
of the meeting.
When used, agendas serve as broad guidelines of what will be
discussed.
The leader of the meeting will not constrain participants be slavishly
following the agenda.
Discussions will often veer off into other subjects. It is the role of the
leader to decide when to re-focus the discussion.
Conducting Meetings
As a holdover from its British colonizers, Belize has a formal business

culture. When in doubt, err on the side of formality in language, protocol,
and forms of address. Show deference and respect to those in positions of
authority. When dealing with people at the same level, communication may
ultimately be more informal; however, it is best to let your business
colleagues determine when to make this change.
Belizeans want to look good in the eyes of others; therefore, they judge a
person on what they say as well as the way they present themself. Avoid
confrontation. Belizeans do not like publicly admitting they are incorrect.
Calling attention to an error demonstrates a lack of breeding. Do not let
someone think that you do not trust them. Trust and personal relationships
are the cornerstone of business.
Be alert for nuances and hidden meanings when Belizeans speak. It is a

good idea to repeat details, as you understand them to confirm that you
and your Belizean colleagues are in agreement. Belizeans may tell you
what they think you want to hear in order to be agreeable. Therefore, learn
to ask questions so that a positive response can be given.
Management Styles
Relationships
Since Belize has a relationship-focused culture, it is important to be

introduced by a third-party. The Belizean embassy in your country, your
embassy in Belize, or the Chamber of Commerce can often recommend
people to fill this important role. It is a good idea to use a native of Belize
rather than a foreigner who purchased citizenship, since the local is more
likely to have the contacts that you need.
Strive to find a Belizean contact who has a personal relationship with a

senior-level people in the types of companies or the industry where you
want to conduct business. The right connections facilitate business
success. Choose your intermediary carefully since you will be judged by
the person who introduces you.
Maintaining dignity is of paramount importance to Belizeans so it is

important that you do not embarrass a business colleague. Publicly telling
a Belizean that they are incorrect risks could jeopardize the relationship
since it causes the Belizean lose honor. You also lose honor since you
have failed to allow your colleague to maintain their dignity. The Belize
business community is relatively small and your behavior will quickly
become public knowledge among influential Belizeans.
Belizeans prefer face-to-face meetings rather than doing business by

telephone or in writing. Generation Y Belizeans may be more willing to
conduct business over the telephone or using Skype or another form of
video conferencing.
Appearances matter to Belizeans. They will judge you on where you stay,
so choose a first class international hotel.
Management Essentials
If you were to think about the most important cultural attributes that you will
see operating in business in Belize, they would be:
Hierarchy
Formal style
Interpersonal relationships
Indirect communication
This is a culture where hierarchy and adherence to protocol are extremely

important. Spend time cultivating relationships and maintaining them once
they are formed. Interpersonal relationships, including loyalty to family and
friends, are the linchpin of successful business interactions.
Networking is crucial. This is a country where who you know is often more
important than what you know. Since the country is relatively small and the
business arena even smaller, any transgressions on your part will quickly
be known by others.
Risk Tolerance
Belize has a medium tolerance for change and risk, although Generation Y
and people in smaller companies may have a greater tolerance for risk.
In large companies, most employees avoid taking risks and rely on their
manager to provide guidelines and instructions. A manager's risk tolerance
may depend upon his connections, since a good network ensures that the
manager will not be viewed negatively for a decision that is not optimal. As
such, someone with good connections is more likely to take a risk where
someone without such connections, managers may end up with analysis
paralysis.
When recommending a change, it is a good idea to show how this change

is in the best interest of the group and demonstrate how making the
change could improve the decision maker's honor and dignity.
Schedules & Deadlines
Belize has a changing view of time and punctuality and deadlines are more
important than they once were. Belizeans who are familiar with working in
multinational companies are generally more attuned to the important of
adherence to schedules and deadlines.
Since the culture is group-oriented, explaining how a missing a deadline

could negatively impact others in the organization is often a good way to
get greater compliance. Many expats report that it is unlikely that a
Belizean company will meet your production or service deadlines. They

recommend building up to a 20% extra into the timeline and then
monitoring performance at key milestones.
Decision Making
Company Structure
Belizean business is hierarchical, which plays a pivotal role in the structure
and pace of decision making. Job functions, roles and responsibilities are
well-defined and respected. Even in meetings, subordinates demonstrate
deference and respect towards those who are senior to them in age or
positions.
Managing Employees
As with much of the business culture in Belize, age impacts how a
manager deals with subordinates. Older managers are often autocratic and
do not seek consensus before making decisions. Younger managers,
especially Gen Y managers, understand the value in going through the
process.
For the most part, older managers tell subordinates what they want done
and how to perform the task. Subordinates follow these instructions without
comment. Gen Y managers or those working in multi-national companies
may provide a broad outline of what they want accomplished and allow
professional employees to determine how best to achieve that goal.
To protect their honor and preserve their dignity, Belizeans may say that
they understand instructions even when they do not. Therefore, it is crucial
to confirm instructions carefully, perhaps by asking the person to
demonstrate.
Decision Making
For the most part decisions are reached at the top of the company.
Decisions are often based upon the personal preference of the decision
maker, which is why spending time to develop trust and personal
relationships is crucial.
Team Focus
Since they are relationship focused, Belizeans enjoy collaborating and

working with others on a team.
The team leader is expected to inspire the team to achieve its goals and to
encourage member participation. The leader is expected to create an
environment where members believe that they can state their opinion
without fear of being made to look foolish and thus negatively impact their
honor.
The leader must actively listen to opinions without imposing his/her beliefs.
S/he must then allow the members to discuss the various options and
come to a consensus as to which is the optimal approach in this situation.
Praise should be given to the entire group. If you want to compliment an

individual team member, do so in private. This prevents others from losing
honor when they are not singled out for praise.
Negotiations
Since Belizeans prefer to deal with those they trust, invest time developing
the relationship before conducting business.
Including an executive on your negotiating team gives honor to the

Belizean company, since it shows the proper level of respect.
Negotiations generally begin with small talk and social conversation.

Depending upon the level of the relationship, this period of social
interchange may continue for some time before business is discussed.
Business is hierarchical and the person with the most authority makes
decisions. Since decisions are often based upon the personal preference
of the decision maker, spending time developing a strong personal
relationship with this person is crucial.
Since they strive to maintain their personal honor in every situation,

Belizeans are polite. Avoid high-pressure sales tactics, which are seen as
confrontational. Belizeans avoid confrontation. They would rather walk
away from a deal than openly disagree.
For the most part, Belizeans will say what they think you want to hear. That
means that affirmative responses should not be taken at face value.
Conversely, Belizeans may avoid giving a negative response and may
prefer to say "maybe" or "we'll see." It is best not to give absolute negative
responses, which may be interpreted as rudeness.
Relationships are considered more important than business documents.
Safety & Security
Emergency Numbers
To reach emergency services from a local telephone, dial: 911
Safety Precautions
Today, we think of political situations as causing safety concerns, but

ordinary crime, weather and geographic problems also pose risks. The
wise traveler is cautious about hurricanes and earthquakes along with hotel
fires, pickpockets and spontaneous political demonstrations. Terrorist
attacks and kidnappings have simply brought all security concerns to our
awareness. With the exception of the emergency telephone numbers, this
information is compiled for travelers in general and will apply in varying
degrees to your destination and personal situation.
Before You Go
Take time to get all of your financial and personal records in order,
including preparing a will.
Talk with a trusted family member or friend about what types of
emergencies might arise in your absence, and what to do in those
events.
Think about the small (and large) disasters that could occur at home
during your absence and be sure there is someone prepared to assist
you.
Make copies of all of your travel documents (including detailed
itinerary with contact numbers) and be sure two people have easy
access to them.
Do the same with crucial health documentation.
Be sure someone knows where you will be and how to contact you in
emergencies at all times.
Find out the services your company offers to you in case of
emergency; obtain and make several copies of important emergency
company contact numbers to keep and give to all members of your
family who might need them.
Be sure you have enough of your prescription medication so you are
all right if you cannot get a refill right away; take an extra pair of
glasses if you wear them.
In-Country
So many variables go into being safe, and many of them revolve around
understanding the specifics of where you are. Be sure to learn details of
your location -- how to dress, where you can go and where to avoid, how to
act in public, how to carry yourself, and who to be watchful of.
Seek information from cultural experts and local nationals whom you have
confidence in. When in comes to your safety, dont be afraid to ask.
Hotel Safety
Know how to call for help AND what to say.

Do not display your guest room key unnecessarily.
Lock your door and do not answer it until you feel comfortable that
you know who it is.
Dont let strangers into your room.
Use the room safe or hotel safe deposit box.
Hide personal documents, valuables and other important items.
(Remember to safeguard your passport.)
Read the fire safety information and know what you would do if you
need to evacuate. Know exactly where the nearest fire exits are.
In the event that you might need to leave your room quickly, keep
your room key, your glasses (if necessary), a pair of shoes and some
money by your bedside.
Travel with a flashlight.
Women traveling alone will have different issues depending upon the
mors of the society youre visiting.
As a rule, be extremely cautious and circumspect.
Find out all the gender-based restrictions and abide by them.
Use a hotel known for its security and be sure that whatever
type of transportation you use, it is reliable and safe.
Ask hotel concierge or front desk manager to assist you
whenever you have questions about your safety. (They will also
arrange for you to have help, if you wish walking you to your
room very late at night or escorting you from a parking lot to the
hotel lobby).
The following websites offer specific advice for women:
Travel Tips for Women

Best Women's Travel Tips
Her Own Way: A Woman's Safe Travel Tips
Tips for Solo Women Travelers Women Travelers
Travel Tips
Crowded Situations
When youre in crowded places, be very careful to guard your

property at all times.
Carry as few valuable items with you as possible when you know
youre going to a crowded area. For example, expensive cameras,
PDAs and cash are easy targets.
Watch out for pickpockets who will try to distract you in many different
ways while taking your money. Even groups of children can be
working together to divert your attention while one will steal your
money.
Safety in Your New Home City
Learn about your host country and culture. This is not only wise for
business and social purposes, but is extremely important so you can
understand what may be offensive or negligent behavior.
The more you know about your location, the safer youll be; certainly
understand written and unwritten laws and codes of conduct.
Use your Embassy. These people are here to help you.
Embassies Around the World

Even if you are living in a relatively safe country, always be sure that
close family or friends have accurate contact information so they can
find you quickly.
For helpful information: Helpful Tips
If you are living in a high-risk location, your company should have
guidelines for your safety. Be sure you have 24-hour hotline numbers
and appropriate contacts who can assist you.
No matter where you livehigh risk or low risk countriestodays
world is volatile, and you never know when a potentially dangerous
situation can develop. Keep informednot only with your countrys
published data and warnings, but by identifying sources of local
news, reading local papers and telling your local friends to keep you
informed.
Emergencies
In an emergency that requires help by your government, such as a

lost passport or the need for money because yours has been stolen,
contact: Embassies Around the World
Make sure you know the name of the firm your company has selected
for medical emergencies and evacuation services. International SOS
provides emergency medical and evacuation services for individuals
and companies. You might want to contact: International SOS to see
if you qualify for some of their services.
Security Issues
Security is not simply a state-of-mind, nor is it a stroke of luck. Keeping

yourself and your family safe anywhere you gowhether it is an extended
trip within hours of your home or a long-term assignment halfway around
the worldrequires planning and active follow-through.
Clearly the length of time you spend and the geographic and political
profile of the countries youre living in--or traveling to--will make a
difference in your level of preparedness. Nonetheless, practicing common
sense based upon knowledge of your location will help you. Dont
underplay the importance of understanding what is culturally
appropriateit may help you avoid some difficult situations. With the
exception of the emergency telephone numbers, this information is
compiled for travelers in general and will apply in varying degrees to your
destination and personal situation. Always check to see what services your
company may offer to you.
Emergencies
In an emergency that requires help by your government, such as a

lost passport or the need for money because yours has been stolen,
contact: Embassies Around the World
Make sure you know the name of the firm your company has selected
for medical emergencies and evacuation services. International SOS
provides emergency medical and evacuation services for individuals
and companies. You might want to contact: International SOS to see
if you qualify for some of their services.
Prepare For Your Destination
Read about security and safety issues in the countries youll be

traveling to or living in.
For the most current, up-dated information, we recommend the
following government sites as quite comprehensive and easy-to-
understand:
Australian Travel Advisories
Canadian Travel Advisories
UK Travel Advice
US Travel Warnings
Read about other precautions you should take for weather- and
geographic-related concerns. For example, keep enough cash on
hand so you will be all right if there are power failures and ATM
machines dont work.
Be sure you know how to contact (and get to) your countrys
Embassy and Consulate wherever you are travelingyou need the
location details, phone and hours of operation. Embassies Around
the World
See if there are any health-related issues in the countries to which
youre traveling. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has in-
depth information regarding all regions of the world.
Be sure you know how to call for help in an emergency. You may need to
reach the police, fire and other emergency personnel. Be sure you know
the words to use in the local language.
En Route
Protect your passport; it is one of the most valuable items you

possess--so protect it as you would cash, credit cards and other
valuables. If it is lost or stolen, report it immediately to the nearest
appropriate Embassy or consulate.
Avoid calling attention to yourself by wearing fancy jewelry or carrying
other expensive items.
Whenever possible carry valuables and important prescription
medications in your carry-on luggage; do not pack valuables in your
checked luggage.
Do not leave laptops, computer bags or other luggage unattended at
any time.
Be able to answer questions about your luggage and be able to open
all suitcases and packages immediately, if asked.
Use your business address on your luggage tags, if possible.
Be sure to respond completely to requests by security officials and
avoid comments about security that could be misinterpreted.
When youre on the plane or train, read safety literature and be sure
you know where emergency exits are located.
For general information when you are en route, the U.S. State Dept.
offers a wide-range of information to travelers of all nationalities:
http://www.state.gov/travel/
Moving Around Safely
Always remain alert.

Avoid disturbances and loud arguments. When they occur, quickly
walk the other way.
Dress conservatively. Your interpretation of this guideline needs to be
based on local practices and customs. Attire you may think is
perfectly acceptable, may not be so youll be well served to learn
what is appropriate. Otherwise, you could run the risk of being
misinterpreted and perhaps becoming a target if your clothing is
provocative or offensive.
Ostentatious jewelry will also draw attention to you.
Learn about transportation in your locationwhats safe and what
can be problematic and when. Trains, subways, buses, independent
taxi cabs may pose specific problems. Find out before you go if it is
preferable to hire a private driver and car. Contact your Embassy for
detailed information.
You should also ask your company about specific transportation
guidelines theyve established for your safety.
Avoid areas where you can become a victim of crime, such as poorly-
lit streets, alleys, and deserted train stations.
If you drive, keep your doors locked and windows closed, and never
pick up hitchhikers.
Be wary when you are alone in lifts. Get off if someone suspicious
gets on.
If you find yourself alone in a train car or compartment after everyone
else leaves, you may feel safer moving to an occupied car. Identify
the location of the emergency alarm system.
Experts say that if someone does attack you, give them your
valuablesmoney and passportand do not fight back.
Be sure to know enough of the language to call for help. Consider
marking and tagging the pages of a phrase book with these types of
important phrases.
Even when you have a mobile phone, learn to use the local pay
phones and keep change with you.
Know Where Youre Going
Ask people in the hotel what areas you should avoid.

When you have a specific location youre going to, ask colleagues or
people who work in the hotel if there are things you should know
about that area.
If you cannot speak the local language, carry the card of your hotel or
your address with you at all times--as well as your destination
address.
Make others aware of your specific whereabouts, even when youre
going to business appointments.
*Sources: U.S. Transportation Security Administration

Belize

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Personal Relationships/Group Culture

Business success is built upon a foundation of strong personal and

diplomatic and non-confrontational. Their communication focuses more on

Therefore, they can be uncomfortable giving an overt negative response

You give someone respect by complimenting them or doing something that

As such, business meetings tend to start on time and there is an attempt to

In social situations, there is generally a 15-minute window granted to

Although there is no national religion and the constitution enshrines

The constitution enshrines equality and has revised its language to be

About 30% of the Belizean workforce consists of women, although they

becoming accepted as equals in their level within the hierarchy. In smaller

View of Foreign Women

Given the remnants of machismo in the culture, Belizean businessmen

Tips for Businesswomen

A businesswoman should extend her hand to a Belizean businessperson

A businesswoman may be asked personal questions about her marital

Business meals are often used to develop the personal relationship

It is a good idea to establish your credentials as soon as possible, even if it

A businesswoman should be authorized to make decisions. Saying you are

Belize has a long history of immigration and absorbing people of different

Belizeans tend to mirror a foreigner's behavior. So, condescending

Cross Culture Tips

The following cultural observations are based on the dimensions in the

Hierarchical vs. Egalitarian

How society is structured

Belize is hierarchical, so when interacting with Belizeans, you should

You will need to give clear, explicit directions regarding duties,

Formal vs. Informal

The importance of appearance and demeanor as an indicator of

Belize is a formal society. When you interact with Belizeans:

Address people by their appropriate title and name. Do not move to

Group vs. Individual

The source of an individual's identity and loyalties

People value their role as a team member and identify themselves

Interpersonal vs. Transactional Relationships

What constitutes a relationship

What are the expectations

Belize is an interpersonal, relationship-oriented culture. When you have

Relationship building is important and tends to be somewhat formal

Indirect vs. Direct Communication

The relative importance of verbal vs. non-verbal communication

Non-verbal gestures are important to enhance the meaning and

Take care when making introductions to have a respectful, even

Fluid vs. Controlled Time

Time schedules and deadlines are not necessarily considered final.

External vs. Internal Control

Belize is an External Control society. When interacting with Belizeans, you

While employees and colleagues in Belize may show a great deal of

Balance vs. Status Motivation

The importance and value attached to professional vs. personal lives

Belize is a Balance-Motivation culture. When interacting with Belizeans,

Individuals value their personal and family time.

The Belizean people are comprised of Maya, Mestizo, Creole, Garifuna,

Although English is the official language, Many Belizeans speak Spanish or

Population growth rate:

Source: The World Factbook

Cities & Regions

Belize is known for its biodiversity and distinctive ecosystems. Coastal

The country enjoys a subtropical climate, cooled by steady trade winds

Conventional Long Form: None

Source: The World Factbook

More Government Information

Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members in Belize