Problem set -3 Chemical Engineering thermodynamics

AKT (Jan-May 2017)

1) The equation of state of a certain substance is given by the expression V= RT/P C/T 3 , and
the specific heat is given by the relation C p = A + BT where A , B and C are constant. Derive
expressions for changes in internal energy , enthalpy and entropy for

(a) An isothermal process

(b)An isobaric process

2) The coefficient of compressibility and coefficient of volume expansion of mercury at 273 K

and 1 bar are 3.9 10-4 (bar)-1 and 1.8 10-4 K-1 respectively. calculate Cv for mercury given that
Cp = 0.14 kJ/kg K and density = 13.596 103 kg/m3

3)Show that for a gas obeying van der waals equation of state, where a and b are vander Walls
const.

R
C P Cv
1 2a (V b) 2 / ( RTV 3 )

4) Show that Cp and CV of ideal gases are independent of pressure and volume.

5) A certain gas is found to obey the following equation of state

RT C D
V
P T2 T3

(a) develop a relation to predict the effect of pressure on CP

(b)what is Cp Cv?

6) A gas obey the relation P(V b) = RT and has a constant CV. show that

(a) U is a function of T alone

(b) is constant

P (V b)
(c) is constant for a reversible adiabatic process

7) Prove that
 H V
(a) T (1 )
S v Cv
H 1
(b) 1
S T

T
s
P s
8) Temperature change produced by isentropic change of Pr is defined as

V
s j
CP
. Prove that

pv RT p v R
9. The ideal gas law is given by where is the pressure, is the specific volume,
T
is the universal gas constant, and is the absolute temperature. This equation is only accurate
for a limited range of pressure and temperature. Vander Waals came up with an equation that
was accurate for larger ranges of pressure and temperature given by
a
p 2 v b RT
v

a b
where and are empirical constants dependent on a particular gas. Given the value of
R 0.08 a 3.592 b 0.04267 p 10 T 300
, , , and (assume all units are consistent). Find
the value of gas volume using Vander waals EOS using Newton Raphson technique.

U PCv k T T T
1
T s T S U C V Pk
10. Show that (1) (2)

S R

V T V b
11. For a gas obeying vander Walls EOS show that

T T

V S CV
12. Show that, .
Suppose liquid water at 25 deg C is isentropically compressed such that its volume decreases by
10 %. What would be the rise in temperature of water. For liquid water

2 104 K 1 , v 0.0010029m 3 / kg
4.85 10 4 MPa 1 and CV 4.2kJ / kg K