Introduction:

There are 2 types of chronic hypertension: essential hypertension and

secondary hypertension. We do not know the cause of essential
hypertension, but because hypertension commonly runs in families, we know
that genes are involved. A minority of individuals has secondary
hypertension, which means that the hypertension is explained by another
condition such as kidney disease, narrowing of the artery to the kidney, and
adrenal tumors. In many such cases, the hypertension will resolve after
treatment for the underlying problem. If you are undergoing evaluation for a
secondary form of hypertension, it is advisable to be treated for the
underlying condition before becoming pregnant. A third type of hypertension
is called pregnancy-induced hypertension. Some women develop new-onset
hypertension in pregnancy, which can present in the second half of
pregnancy, usually in the third trimester.
Eclampsia is a Greek word meaning 'bolt from the blue'. It describes one or
more convulsions occurring during or immediately after pregnancy, as a
complication of pre-eclampsia. Eclampsia has been recognized since ancient
times, but it wasn't until the mid-nineteenth century that doctors began to
realize that the fits were normally preceded by a collection of circulatory
disturbances now known as pre-eclampsia. Confusingly, however, very few
cases of pre-eclampsia culminate in eclampsia, while eclampsia can
sometimes precede pre-eclampsia.
According to World Health Organization Fact Sheet (2015) Eclampsia and
related hypertensive disorders of pregnancy impact 5-8% of all births in the
United States. Incidence rates for preeclampsia alone - in the United States,
Canada and Western Europe, range from 2-5%. In the developing world,
severe forms of preeclampsia and eclampsia are more common, ranging
from a low of 4% of all deliveries to as high as 18% in parts of Africa. The
variation in incidence rates is driven by the diversity of definitions and other
criteria (including procedures, tests and their methodologies). In Latin
America, Eclampsia is the #1 cause of maternal death.Ten million women
develop preeclampsia each year around the world. Worldwide about 76,000
pregnant women die each year from preeclampsia and related hypertensive
disorders. And, the number of babies who die from these disorders is thought
to be on the order of 500,000 per annum.
We choose this study Eclampsia because weve seen and assessed that it is
the most interesting case study to be done. The fact that our client and
significant others responded to each of our questions, it is a challenge for us
to collect our data completely, even though our chosen client due to his
condition, They are willing to give us the information we need and all of this
are in confidentiality.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
General Objective:
To broaden and widen our knowledge about the course of disease, its
causes, sign and symptoms, diagnosis, medical and nursing management.
Specific Objectives:
To be able to assess the patient's condition
To identify nursing problems and formulate nursing diagnoses
To be able to plan nursing care to meet the patient's need related to
the identified problems.
To be able to implement nursing care for the improvement of patient's
condition.
To be able to evaluate outcomes for the achievement of optimal growth
and development and effectiveness of care rendered.

Type of exercise General Indication/purpose Clients response

description
Enhances chest To regain lung strength The patient
Deep breathing expansion and and chest expansion. maintains good
exercise promote good muscle strength
oxygen circulation. and promotes
circulation.
Range of Motion Help patients who Essential for establishing The patient
are unable to
Exercises normal ROM of joints maintains good
ambulate or
exercise maintain and soft tissue. muscle strength
joint mobility and
Combats the
muscle strength.
effects of prolonged
immobilization