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    The Concert of Europe was established in 1815 as a mechanism to enforce decisions made by the Congress of Vienna and maintain the territorial status quo in Europe. Led by Prince Metternich of Austria, it was composed of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain and aimed to establish a balance of power. It was initially successful in suppressing uprisings in Spain and Italy in 1820-1822 but began facing challenges in the 1820s-1840s from Britain's refusal to intervene in Latin America, Russia's expansionism, and the rise of nationalism. The Crimean War in 1853, in which the great powers fought each other, marked the downfall of the Concert of Europe as communication broke

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    The Concert of Europe was established in 1815 as a mechanism to enforce decisions made by the Congress of Vienna and maintain the territorial status quo in Europe. Led by Prince Metternich of Austria, it was composed of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain and aimed to establish a balance of power. It was initially successful in suppressing uprisings in Spain and Italy in 1820-1822 but began facing challenges in the 1820s-1840s from Britain's refusal to intervene in Latin America, Russia's expansionism, and the rise of nationalism. The Crimean War in 1853, in which the great powers fought each other, marked the downfall of the Concert of Europe as communication broke

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    157 visualizações2 páginas

    Concert of Europe PDF

    Enviado por

    gaurav3145
    The Concert of Europe was established in 1815 as a mechanism to enforce decisions made by the Congress of Vienna and maintain the territorial status quo in Europe. Led by Prince Metternich of Austria, it was composed of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain and aimed to establish a balance of power. It was initially successful in suppressing uprisings in Spain and Italy in 1820-1822 but began facing challenges in the 1820s-1840s from Britain's refusal to intervene in Latin America, Russia's expansionism, and the rise of nationalism. The Crimean War in 1853, in which the great powers fought each other, marked the downfall of the Concert of Europe as communication broke

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    ConcertofEurope
    TheConcertofEuropewasformulatedin1815asamechanismto
    enforcethedecisionsoftheCongressofVienna.Composedofthe
    QuadrupleAlliance:Russia,Prussia,Austria,andGreatBritain,its
    mainprioritiesweretoestablishabalanceofpower,thereby
    preservingtheterritorialstatusquo,andtoprotect"legitimate"
    governments.HeadedbyPrinceMetternichofAustria,theConcert
    ofEuropewasoneofthefirstseriousattemptsinmoderntimesto
    establishaninternationalsocietytomaintainthepeace.Thismadeita
    significanteventinworldhistory,eventhoughitonlylastedforafew
    decades.

    InternalUprisings

    TheConcertofEuropewassuccessfulinsuppressinguprisingsfor
    constitutionalgovernmentsinbothSpainandItalyintherespective
    yearsof1820and1822.Crushingliberalforcesinthesetwocountries
    provedtobepositiveastheyenhancedtheConcert'sintegrityby
    provingtotheworldthatithadthemuscletoupholditsresolutions.

    BritainChecksOut

    ThefirstmajorroadblockfortheConcertwastheirdecisionto
    interveneinLatinAmericanrevolutionsandBriatin'ssubsequent
    refusaltodoso.Britainreasonedthatitwouldlosetradeprofitfrom
    theSpanishiftherebellionswereended,andthusfromnationalistic
    interestrefusedtocooperate.Fortuitously,theproblemwassolvedby
    theUnitedStates'issueoftheMonroeDoctrinein1820,which
    preventedanyEuropeannationfromgainingcontrolofLatin
    America.

    EasternQuestion

    RussiabegantoexercisehermilitarystrengthduringtheRusso
    TurkishWarsof1828,andin1831whenRussiadefendedthe
    OttomansfromEgyptianattack.TheOttomanEmpirebountifully
    rewardedRussiawiththeTreatyofUnikarSkelessiin1833,
    whichgaveRussiaanadvantageousaccesstothestraitsbetween
    BosporusandDardanelles.TheConcertwasangeredthatRussiawas
    permittedtousethisarea,andinanefforttopeaceablysolvethe
    problemandcurtailRussianexpansionism,heldtheStraits
    Conventionof1841.Theresolutionofthismeetingwasthatno
    foreignwarshipsweretoentertheStraits.

    ImpactofNationalism

    Inthe1840s,nationalismbegantoassertastrongholdamongmany
    Europeancountries,andtheConcertwasunabletostopthe
    unificationsofGermanyandItaly.Asthesetwocountrieshadshown,
    Europeanswerefilledwithanewspiritof"realpolitics"thatwas
    stronglynationalisticandnotafraidtouseforcetoaccomplishtheir
    goals.

    CrimeanWar
    In1853,Russiagaveupanysortofapretenseatsupportingan
    altruistic"balanceofpowers"andmadeanexpansionarythrustatthe
    OttomanEmpire.FranceandBritain,alongwithsomeaidfrom
    Sardinia,wenttowarwithRussiaintheflimsyhopeofpreservingthe
    balanceofpower,however,indoingsotheyendedupsacrificingthe
    peace.TheoutbreakofthisCrimeanWarin1853,signifiedthe
    downfalloftheConcertofEuropebecausethegreatpaperswere
    fightingagainsteachotherfornationalinterests.

    TheTreatyofParisreachedin1856,firmlycenteredthegreatburden
    imposedonthealmostlifelessbalanceofpower.Russiawasno
    longerallowedtohavetheirbattleshipsintheBlackSeaorinthe
    Straits,whichleftRussiawithasouthernborderinneedofdefense.
    NowRussiawasatadisadvantagewiththeotherpowersinthe
    ConcertofEurope,andnolongermotivatedtoupholditsgoals.
    Communicationbetweenthepowershadreachedacompletestand
    stillbytheendoftreatynegotiations,thegoalsoftheConcertlayin
    shatteredremnants,andthus,theConcert'sfunctionbecameobsolete.

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