Optimising Water Usage in the

Food and Beverage Industry

Presented by Founder Director Nigel Brown
Webinar Learning Objectives

Learn how to reduce discharge costs by using a water

polishing technology
Learn how you can improve the amount of water reused
Learn about a technologies to remove low and trace
problematic contaminants in wastewater
Learn how the perfect combination of adsorption and
advanced oxidation can shape the water and wastewater
treatment industry
Contents

Drivers to optimise water usage

Contaminants in food and beverage wastewater
Hard to treat contaminants
Typical treatment of food and beverage wastewater
Tertiary water treatment and why it is important
Comparing available tertiary treatment technologies
Case Studies
 Drivers to Optimise Water Use

Regulatory pressure
To achieve discharge limits for priority
substances and 120ppm COD in the EU and
50ppm in China
Wastewater discharge cost
Need to consider different wastewater
treatment options including on-site treatment
and water reuse
Corporate Social Responsibility John Loo

Finding an environmental and sustainable

solution for managing water
Future proofing
Being prepared for emerging contaminants
and new product development waste streams
Water Scarcity
Operating in areas with water shortage
 Poll Question 1
Which of these challenges is most significant to your wastewater
treatment process?

Please select all that apply.

Meeting regulatory consents on waste discharges

Treating emerging contaminants prior to discharge
Water stress/ scarcity on production
Meeting the market pressure to operate sustainably
Managing the increasing cost of water disposal
Water reuse/ recycle

Not applicable
Water Management Strategy

Baseline
Minimise
Recycle
Reuse
Treat
Locally for recovery
End of pipe for recovery or disposal
 Contaminants in Wastewater

Agricultural Agricultural Beverage Meat Packaged

Producers Products Industry Processors Food

Crop irrigation Product washing and Freshwater as an Drinking and cooling Freshwater as an
Drinking and cooling moving ingredient water for livestock ingredient
water for livestock Cooling water Product washing Cleaning and Product washing
Cleaning and Boiler water Cooling water disinfection Cooling water
disinfection Air conditioning Boiler water Boiler water Boiler water
Air conditioning of Cleaning and Cleaning processing Cleaning and
livestock facilities disinfection equipment disinfection
Air conditioning Air conditioning Air conditioning
Hard to treat waste Hard to treat waste Hard to treat waste Hard to treat waste Hard to treat waste
Fertilizers pesticides Fertilizer pesticides Fertilizers pesticides Manure containing Residual chlorine
pathogenic organisms herbicides pathogenic organisms antibiotics and arsenic Pesticides
organic sugars Pathogenic organisms Cleaning chemicals
Chlorine residue Flavourants
Sucrose
Reference CERES Report May 2015 Feeding Ourselves Thirsty
Typical Treatment Options

High
Trucking End Treatment
Temperature
Waste Plant
Incineration

Discharge
Waste On site
1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Tertiary
Stream treatment
Water
Reuse

Discharge
 Need for On-site Treatment

Quantity of water consumed and discharged

High volumes associated with the food and beverage industry

Quality of potable water

Quality of water required for products and production

Quality of water for reuse

Ensure water is of a standard suitable for reuse in other industrial processes

Zero Liquid Discharge

Complete elimination of liquid discharged from a manufacturing process

Regulation
Onsite pre-treatment will improve the quality of wastewater being discharged and
may be required by local authorities through permit restrictions
 On-site Treatment

Different treatment stages are required to remove a range of contaminants down

to the levels of concentration needed for water reuse or discharge to the
environment.

2 Secondary
Aerobic Process
Activated Sludge
Sequential Batch
2 Secondary 3 Tertiary
1 Primary Anaerobic Process Advanced Oxidation
Suspended Anaerobic Sand Filtration
On site
Solids Digestion Micro Strainer
treatment
Dissolved Air UASB Micro Filtration
Flotation GAC/UV
2 Secondary
MF/RO
MBR
2 Secondary
Physical/Chemical
Treatment
 Poll Question 2
Do you use any of the following to treat your wastewater?

Please select all that apply.

Ultraviolet (UV)
Biological processes
Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
Advanced Oxidation
Membranes
Ozonation
Incineration
Discharge to sewer
Not applicable
Tertiary Wastewater Treatment

The final water treatment stage before water is discharged or reused

Only the difficult to treat portion of the wastewater remains

Includes recalcitrant Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and problem

pollutants such as colour and pesticides

Levels of discharge to the environment for COD

The EU by the Urban Waste Water Directive <120ppm

The US Environmental Protection Agencys Clean Water Act

China through the Ministry of Environmental Protection <50ppm

(Dependent on industry and whether existing or new wastewater source)
Existing Tertiary Treatment Technologies

Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)

UV and a Chemical Oxidant

Ozone

Adsorption Activated Carbon

Membrane Processes

Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation

 UV and a Chemical Oxidant

Micro pollutant Good

efficacy UV can treat wide range of compounds
By-product Yes, which can sometimes be more depending on light source, pH and
formation problematic
temperature
Chemicals used Requires dosing of catalyst i.e. 2mg/l
TiO2/ g COD removed Does not require chlorine or other

Waste streams None, except for CIP cleaning of

chemicals unless quality level cannot be
system
achieved in which case a chemical
OPEX Expensive
oxidant or additional process is needed
$$$
UV requires lamp maintenance and a
Footprint and Long retention times and as a result
capital cost of by-product formation additional highly treated influent
treatment is needed resulting in large
capital cost and footprint

Secondary treatment required if

chemicals used
14
 Ozone

Micro pollutant Good

efficacy The characteristics of the wastewater

By-product Creates by-products, which can would influence the amount of Ozone
formation sometimes be more problematic
dose required
Chemicals No chemicals used Ozone has the benefit of being
used
generated on-site when needed and
Waste streams None
produces less disinfection by-products
OPEX Expensive requires high O3 dose
$$ than chlorination
The cost of implementing and running
Footprint and Requires long retention times and
capital cost addition of GAC to protect against by-
an Ozone treatment can be deer with
product release resulting in large
footprint and capital cost.
special requirements needed for
operation
15
 Activated Carbon

Micro pollutant Removal of some contaminants

efficacy is low Activated Carbon is an effective adsorbent
By-product No by-products formed of organic contaminants, although not so
formation
good at low concentrations
Chemicals used No chemicals used Powdered Activated Carbon has shown to
Waste streams Loaded Adsorbent be favourable because of its small particle
OPEX Low concentration organics lead size and longer contact time
to poor bed utilisation. Secondary
treatment required to dispose of Once the activated carbon has been used,
regenerate activated carbon
$$ it is separated and sent for destruction or
Footprint and Relatively inexpensive but can regeneration, which can prove costly and
capital cost require additional AOP stage to
be effective for some pollutants energy intensive

16
 Membrane Processes

Micro pollutant Excellent

efficacy Reverse osmosis, ultra-filtration, micro-
By-product No by-products formed filtration
formation
Membranes have been shown to remove
Chemicals used CIP chemicals used 100% of organics producing high quality
1-2% of flow
water for reuse
Waste streams 10-15% concentrate
Different membranes can be used
OPEX High power consumption for
RO stage depending on application, molecular size,
$$$
charge and hydrophobicity
Footprint and Low footprint but expensive to
capital cost replace
Membrane processes require high energy
use & membranes require regular
cleaning
17
 Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation

Micro Removes efficiently Energy used is proportional to the

pollutant
efficacy
waste stream organic load, not the flow
By-product No by-products formed
formation rate
The adsorbent is regenerated in-situ
Chemicals No chemicals used
used
and therefore no replacement is
Waste No waste streams
streams required and maintenance is
OPEX Adsorbent regenerated in-situ
Power costs proportional to organics minimised
removed
Modular and scalable product design
$
Footprint Treatment times (residence time) are Can be retrofitted into an existing
and capital short 1-10 mins.
cost Small footprint process stream
Simple system
Mobile
Adsorption and Advanced Oxidation

Combines the advantages of adsorption and advanced oxidation within a

single unit
At the heart of the technology is a highly conducting graphite based
adsorbent
Contaminants stick to the adsorbent surface and a low voltage current is
applied that destroys the adsorbed contaminants
The adsorbent is regenerated in the process so that treatment can continue
without interruption or replacement
 Poll Question 3
Which of the following would affect your decision when investing
in new technology?
Please select all that are applicable

Footprint (size of unit)

Management of by-products
Operating cost
Ability of the technology to treat a wide range of problem pollutants
Environmental impact
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CAPEX
TOTEX
Not applicable
Case Study: Colour Removal

Colour removal in wastewater: Regeneration Energy 2 and 8.4kWh/m3

 Case Study: Medical Compounds Removal

Treatment Issue:

Regulation is growing more stringent around pharma

and veterinarian compounds in wastewater

They are challenging to treat in water and at very low

concentrations (ppb)

Many of these compounds are not treated in the

biological treatment process

Key Objective:

Demonstrate effective removal of persistent micro-

pollutants from waste during continuous treatment
 Case Study: Results

100
90
80
% Removal

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Carba- Benzo-a- Tributyl Tin
Diclofenac Cipro-floxacin Triclosan
mazepine pyrene Chloride
% Removal 82 92 100 99 86 99
Start Conc. (ppb) 2.5 5 6 80.7 2.9 9.83

Treatment & Performance Summary:

The Arvia ODC removes ppb level medical compounds

>80% removal of all the medical compounds tested

Commercial and Confidential

 Case Study: Metaldehyde Treatment

Treatment Issue:

Metaldehyde is a pesticide that is used to control snails and

slugs in the environment

Current treatment processes struggle to achieve the

statutory discharge limit of 0.1 ppb

Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) requires a solution for

this issue by 2015

Utilities are interfacing with Arvia to find a solution

Key Objectives:

Demonstrate treatment of metaldehyde to within discharge

specification

Determine treatment cost for removal of metaldehyde

 Case Study: Results

0.25
Metaldehyde at outlet (ppb)

Inlet conc.
0.2

0.15
Continuously Regenerated Media
Reg
Target effluent conc.
0.1 Non-Regenerated Media
Non Reg

0.05

0
0 10 20 30 40
Treatment time (h)

Treatment & Performance Summary:

The Arvia ODC can take wastewater from out-of to within specification (0.1 ppb)

Treatment cost was shown to be 0.5 kWhrs/m3

 Summary

On-site treatment is required to benefit

from water reuse, zero liquid discharge
and discharge to the environment
Tertiary treatment enables the required
water quality to be achieved
UV and chemical oxidants, Ozone,
Activated Carbon, Reverse Osmosis and
a combination of Adsorption and
Advanced Oxidation are examples of
tertiary treatment
Thank You

Talk with Arvia Technology about your wastewater challenges

Contact: Charlotte Thompson

Customer Projects Manager
www.arviatechnology.com
Tel +44 (0) 845 123 1264 | Email charlotte.thompson@arviatechnology.com