HW 4, EECS 152A

Problem 4.5, Nasser Abbasi

Question
consider signal x(n) = 2 + 2 cos 4n + cos 4n + 12 cos 3 4n
(a)Determine and sketch its power density spectrum
(b)Evaluate the power of the signal.

Solution p
3
(a) I will use these relations for this problem: cos 3
= 12 ; cos 23 = 1
2
; sin 3 = sin 23 = 2
;
jx jx
cos x = e +e 2

n n 1 3 n
+ cos
x(n) = 2 + 2 cos + cos
4 4 2 4
n n
First nd the period. For the second term 2 cos 4 , we get 4 2 f n hence f = 18 hence
periodic (since rational) and period is 8.
For the third term cos 4n , same period.
For the 4th term cos 3 4n ;we get 3 4n 2 f n hence f = 38 ; hence rational, hence period. Since
lowest common multiplier allready, then period is 8.
Hence the period of x(n) is 8.
Hence x(n) can be written as x(n) = 2 + 2 cos 28 n + cos 28 n + 12 cos 28 3n
Expand in complex exponentials we get

2
! ! !
j 28 n 2
j 28 n 2
j 28 3n
ej 8
n
+e ej 8
n
+e 1 ej 8
3n
+e
x(n) = 2 + 2 + +
2 2 2 2
2
j 28 n 1 2 1 j 28 n 1 2 1 j 28 3n
= 2 + ej 8
n
+e + ej 8 n + e + ej 8 3n + e
2 2 4 4
Now convert all exponentials to the positiveside, so I can compare later with the IDFT. Using
the periodicty of complex exponential, we know that
2 2
e j 8 n = ej 8 3n
2 2
e j 8 3n = ej 8 n
Hence

2 2 1 2 1 j 2 3n 1 j 2 3n 1 j2 n
x(n) = 2 + ej 8
n
ej 8
3n
+ ej 8 n e 8 + e 8 e 8
2 2 4 4
5 2 7 j 2 3n
= 2 + ej 8 n e 8
4 4
Now we know that IDFT is of the form

X1
N
k
x(n) = c(k)ej2 nN

k=0
Hence by comparing term by term we see by inspection that
c(0) = 2
c(1) = 54
c(3) = 47
And since c(k) will have the same period as x(n) we then write

c(k) = f2; 54 ; 0; 7
4
; 0; 0; 0; 0g
So power density spectrum is
jc(k)j2 = f4; 20
16
49
; 0; 16 ; 0; 0; 0; 0g
This is a sketch of the power spectrum. y-axes is jc(k)j2 , and x-axis is k:

X1
N
(b) Power of signal is given by jc(k)j2 = 4 + 20
16
+0+ 49
16
= 8: 312 5
k=0