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Fig. 2. Simulated reflection coefficient of the UWB monopole antenna. Fig. 4. Simulated reflection coefficient of the antenna for different filter struc-
tures in Fig. 3.
Fig. 7. Photograph of the fabricated antenna: (a) top view; (b) bottom view.
TABLE I
DETAILS OF P-I-N DIODE COMBINATIONS AND SIMULATED AND MEASURED
FREQUENCY BANDS IN EACH STATE
Fig. 10. Measured gain of the proposed antenna for different switching states:
(a) UWB; (b) single-band and dual-band modes.
REFERENCES
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[2] FCC Spectrum Policy Task Force, Washington, DC, Report of the
Fig. 9. Simulated and measured radiation patterns of the tested antenna at
Spectrum Efficiency Working Group, Tech. Rep., 2002.
(a) 2.4 GHz (state 4), (b) 4.8 GHz (state 1), and (c) 9 GHz (state 1).
[3] T. Wu, R. L. Li, S. Y. Eom, S. S. Myoung, K. Lim, J. Laskar, S. I. Jeon,
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ture of main slot with respect to the -plane. From an overall [6] M. R. Hamid, P. Gardner, P. S. Hall, and F. Ghanem, Switched-band
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14721480, May 2011.
behaves similarly to the typical printed monopole antennas. [7] G. P. Jin, D. L. Zhang, and R. L. Li, Optically controlled reconfig-
The measured antenna gain in different states is exhibited in urable antenna for cognitive radio applications, Electron. Lett., vol.
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[8] M. R. Hamid, P. Gardner, P. S. Hall, and F. Ghanem, Vivaldi antenna
reasonably flat gain with an average of 3.3 dBi in UWB mode. with integrated switchable band pass resonator, IEEE Trans. Antennas
Also, as shown in Fig. 10(b), the antenna has an acceptable gain Propag., vol. 59, no. 11, pp. 40084015, Nov. 2011.
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V. CONCLUSION [10] J. R. Kelly, P. S. Hall, and P. Gardner, Integrated wide-narrow band
antenna for switched operation, in Proc. IEEE EuCAP, Berlin, Ger-
A novel reconfigurable monopole antenna with completely many, 2009, pp. 37573760.
switchable frequency bands has been presented. The antenna [11] Avago Technologies, San Jose, CA, HPND-4005 beam
uses a switchable slotted structure on the ground plane to deliver lead PIN diode, Data sheet, 2006 [Online]. Available:
http://www.avagotech.com/docs/AV01-0593EN
the reconfigurable capability. The proposed antenna is simple [12] Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). ver. 11, Ansoft
to design and fabricate and exploits four p-i-n diodes to switch Corp., Framingham, MA, 2006.