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Methodsbywhichpathogenscausedisease:

Adhesion :bacteriamustbindtothecellsurfaces
Coloniza on :bacteriaproduceproteinsandcolonizepartsof
thehostbody
Invasion :bacteriaproduceproteinsthatallowbacteriato
entercellsbythrough
Dra eitherthedisrup
VFOToxinspaper onofhostcell
membranesorthes mula onofendocytosis(cellsabsorbing
material)intohostcells
Immuneresponseinhibitors :bacterialproduceproteins that
inhibitthehost'simmunesystemdefenses,suchasbinding
hostan bodies
Toxins:bacteriaproduceproteinsthatp oisonthehostcells
andcause ssuedamage

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Methods by which pathogens cause disease:
Adhesion: bacteria must bind to the cell surfaces
Colonization: bacteria produce proteins and
colonize parts.
Published by Virginia Copeland Modied 9 months ago

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Presentation on theme: "Methods by which pathogens cause disease:
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Adhesion: PDF
bacteria must bind to the cell surfaces Colonization: bacteria
produce proteins and colonize parts." Presentation transcript:
Convert doc to pdf
and pdf to doc 1 Methods by which pathogens
cause disease: Adhesion: bacteria must
bind to the cell surfaces Colonization:
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bacteria produce proteins and colonize
parts of the host body Invasion: bacteria
produce proteins that allow bacteria to
enter cells by through either the
disruption of host cell membranes or the
stimulation of endocytosis (cells
absorbing material) into host cells
Immune response inhibitors: bacterial
produce proteins that inhibit the host's
immune system defenses, such as
binding host antibodies Toxins: bacteria
produce proteins that poison the host
cells and cause tissue damage Draft VFO-
Toxins paper

2 Lecture on Virulence Factors:

http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/229sp03/lectures/pathogens_intro.html
Virulence Factors are specic adaptations that allow pathogen to: 1. attach
selectively to host tissues 2. gain access to nutrients by invading or destroying
host tissues 3. avoid host defenses Virulence factors refer to the properties (i.e.,
gene products) that enable a microorganism to establish itself on or within a host
of a particular species and enhance its potential to cause disease. VFDB:
http://www.mgc.ac.cn/VFs/main.htm Virulence factors include: bacterial toxins
cell surface proteins that mediate bacterial attachment cell surface
carbohydrates and proteins that protect a bacterium hydrolytic enzymes that
may contribute to the pathogenicity of the bacterium

3 Adherence and colonization factors : to enable the pathogen to attach and

replicate, to get past the host barrier, e.g. mucosal surface of gut or respiratory
tract Invasins: act extracellularly, aecting physical barriers, such as cell
membranes or tissues Capsules and surface components: act to protect the
pathogen from phagocytosis using surface components that prevent the
attachment and engulfment of macrophages and other host cellular immune
responses. Endotoxins: Possessed solely by Gram negative organisms; endotoxin
or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates the host complement pathway, and is a
potent inducer of inammation. Exotoxins: Secreted by viable pathogenic cells.
Some bacterial protein exotoxins act on host cell surfaces, while the majority (A/B
toxins) bind to the target membrane with a receptor (B subunit) and deliver a
second moiety (A subunit) directly in to the cytoplasm Siderophores : scavenges
bound iron from the host via high binding constants.
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