Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Welcome to someday.
Someday is today with the CompuServe Information Service. CompuServe is available through a
local phone call in most major U.S. cities. It connects a lmost any b rand or type of persona l com puter
or terminal with our big mainframe computers and data bases. All you need to get started is o n
inexpensive telephone coup ler and easy-to-use software.
CompuServe's basic service costs only $5.00 per hour, billed in minute increments to your
c harge cord
The CompuServe Information Service is ava ilable a t many computer stores across the c ountry.
Check with your favorite computer center or contact CompuServe .
Welcome to someday.
CompuServe
Information Service Division, 5000 Arlington Centre Blvd
Columbus, Ohio 43220 (614) 457-8650
GUARDING
YOUR
J\lmlar Electronics
MILITARY Special Focus on Home Energy Savings-----
New "Vacation" Thermostat, Set to Just Above Freezing,
51
EXTRA INCOME Power Motor Keeps Tails of How Much
Electricity an Appliance Uses/Cass Lewart 53
If you have experience in any How to Use Solar Energy to Recharge Your Batteries/Ed Karns:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 54
branch ofthe Armed Forces, you have
the chance to earn good extra income
while you hold one of the most impor Feature Articles ............................~
tantjobs in America. In an Army LORANC-A MARINE LONG RANGE NAVIGATION TOOL/ Ken Englert- - -- - - -- - 40
National Guard unit close to home. Measures precision of coordinates by one-tenth of a mile.
Take income. In the Army National A 16-BIT MATH PACKAGE FOR ELF COMPUTERS/A. Scott Fitzgerald--- - -- - - - 60
Guard, the work you've put into military Operates on a minimum configuration of 256 bytes.
service can really go to work for you.
For instance, if you left as an E-4 with
three years experience, you can earn Construction Articles..........................
overS 1500 a year. As an E-5 with 6 PROGRAMMING EPROM's WITH A SMALL COMPUTER/J. Doolittle and S. Tkalcevic 67
years experience, overS 1700. And, if Part 2: Construction plans and software information for the EPROM programmer.
you have a critical skill you may also
qualify for a cash bonus. To see exactly Equipment Reviews........................~
how far your rank and experience can HARMANKARDON MODEL PM650 INTEGRATED AMPLIFIER _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ 20
take you, check out the chart below. GENERAL ELECTRIC MODEL 19PC3708W 19" COLOR TV _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ 22
PER YEAR flncluding)
Annual training TOSHIBA MODEL T2004 COMPUTER SYSTEM - - -- - - -- - - - -- - - 30
E-3with
2+years 51375.68 TRIPLETI MODEL 7000 UNIVERSAL COUNTER - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - 71
3+years 1427.34
E-4with
3+years 1519.92 Columns ..................................~
4+ years 1630. 17 ENTERTAINMENT ELECTRONICS/ Len Feldman, _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 14
E-5 with Stereo TV is Coming Soon.
4+years 1687.11 COMPUTER BITS/Car/ Warren - - - - - -- - - - - -- - --,--- ----- 34
6+ years 1789.80 Accessories and Software.
Plus, a parttimejob in the Army COMPUTER SOURCES/ Leslie Solomon 73
National Guard fits in well with your SOLID-STATE DEVELOPMENTS/ Forrest M. Mims 76
current lifestyle. Because all it takes is PIGs: Photonic Integrated Circuits.
two days a month of your time, along
with 15 days annual training. And, in EXPERIMENTER'S CORNER/ Forrest M. Mims ------------------------- 80
the Guard, you're serving close to home, Experimenting with Piezoelectric Devices.
helping the people in your community Part 2. Piezo-Aierters and Crystal Oscillators.
and state when natural disasters or PROGRAMMER'S NOTEBOOK/ Jim Keogh 84
emergencies occur. Drawing Bar Graphs.
Extra income that's important to 90
you, in a job that's important to your PROJECT OF THE MONTH/Forrest M. Mims - - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - -
A Tunable Notch Filter.
community. It's just one reason to Guard
your military experience in the Army Departments.................................
National Guard.
To learn about other reasons- from EDITORIAL/ Art Salsberg _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ 6
benefits to new skills-contact your local Free Energy.
Guard recruiter, or call toll-free LETIERS _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ 8
800-638-7600.
*In Hawaii: 737-5255; Puerto Rico: 723-44 50; Virgin NEW PRODUCTS 10
Islands (St. Croix}: 773-6438; Maryland: 728-3388; in
Alaska, consult local phone directory. OPERATION ASSIST 86
PERSONAL ELECTRONIC NEWS 1 06
The Guard is
America at its best. COVER GRAPHICS BY STEVEN HUNT
COPYRIGHT c 1982 BY ZIFF-DAVIS PUBLISHING COMPANY. All rights reserved. Popular Electronics (ISSN 0032-4485) August 1982,
Volume 20, Number 8 . Published monthly by Ziff Davis Publishing Co., at One Park Ave., New York, NY 10016. Richard P. Friese, President;
Selwyn Taubman, Treasurer; Bertram A. Abrams, Secretary. One year subscription rate for U.S. and Possessions, $15.97; Canada, $20.97;
all other countries, $23.97 (cash orders only, payable in U.S. currency). Second Class Postage Paid at New York, N.Y. 10016 and at addi-
NATIONAL tional mailing offices. Authorized as second class mail by the Post Office Dept., Ottawa, Canada, and for payment of postage in cash.
POPULAR ELECTRONICS including ELECTRONICS WORLD, Trade Mark Registered. Indexed in the Reader's Guide to Periodical Litera-
ture. Ziff-Davis also publishes Boating, Car and Driver, Cycle, Flying, Popu_lar Photography, Skiing, Stereo Review, Electronic Experiment-
GUARD
CIRCLE NO. 5 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
er's Handbook, and Tape Recording & Buying Guide. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to POPULAR ELECTRONICS. Circulation
Dept. P.O. Box 2774, Boulder, CO 80302. Please allow at least eight weeks for change of address, enclosing, if possible, an address label
from a recent issue. Permissions. Material in this publication may not be reproduced in any form without permission. Requests for permis-
sion should be directed to John Babcock, Rights and Permissions, Ziff-Dayis Publishing Co., One Park Ave., New York, NY 10016.
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
MAXELL IS PLEASED mPRESENT AN
EVEN HIGHER PERFORMANCE TAPE.
If you're familiar with Maxell UD-XL tapes you probably find it hard to believe that any
tape could give you higher performance.
But heanng is believing. And while we can't play our newest tape for you right here on
this_page, we can replay the comments of Audio Video Magazine.
"Those who thought it was impossible to improve on Maxells UD-XL II were mistaken.
The 1981 tape of the year award goes to Maxell XL II-S." _
How does high bias XL II-S and our normal bias equivalent XL 1-S give you such high
performance? By engineering smaller and more uniformly shaped epitaxial oxide parti-
des we were able to pack more into a given area of tape. Resulting in a higher maximum
output level, improved signal-to-noise ratio and better frequency response.
To keep the particles from rubbing off on your recording heads Maxell XL-S also has
an improved binder system. And to eliminate tape deforma-
tion, XL-S comes with our unique Quin-Lok Cl~p/Hub
Assembly to hold the leader firmly in place.
Of course, Maxell XL II-Sand XL I-S carry a little higher
price tag than lesser cassettes. -
We think you'll find it a small price to pay for higher
performance. J
WORTH IT
Moxell Corporation of America, 60 Oxford Drive, M oonachie, N 07074
CIRCLE NO. 31 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
AUGUST 1982
Introducing the
Sinclair ZX81.
If you're ever
THE$99.95 Multi-dimensional
string and numerical arrays
Mathematical and scien-
PER-
going to buy a personal tific functions accurate to
computer, now is the time 8 decimal places
to do it. Unique one-touch entry
The Sinclair ZX81 of key words like PRINT,
is the most powerful, yet RUN and LIST
easy-to-use computer Automatic syntax error
ever offered for any- detection and easy editing
where near the price: Randomize function
only $99.95* completely assembled. useful for both games and serious applications
Don't let the price fool you . The ZX81 has 1K of memory expandable to 16K
just about everything you could ask for in a per- A comprehensive programming guide and
sonal computer. operating manual
A breakthrough in personal computers. The ZX81 is also very convenient to use. It
The ZX81 is a major advance over the origi- hooks up to any television set to produce a clear
nal Sinclair ZX80-the first personal computer to 32-column by 24-line display. It comes with a
break the price barrier at $200. comprehensive programming guide and oper-
In fact, the ZX81 's 8K extended BASIC offers ating manual designed for both beginners and
f eatures found only on computers costing two or experienced computer users. And you can use
three times as much. a regular cassette recorder to store and
Just look at what you get: recall prograr:ns by name.
Continuous display, including moving graphics
Sinclair technology is also available in Timex/Sinclair computers
under a license from Sinclair Research Ltd.
Order at no risk.**
We'll give you 10 days to try out the ZX81.1f These numbers are for orders only. If you just
you're not completely satisfied, just return it to want information, please write: Sinclair Research
Sinclair Research and we'll give you a full refund. Ltd., 2 Sinclair Plaza, Nashua, NH 03061.
And if you have a problem with your ZX81, *Plus shipping and handling. Price includes connectors for TV and cassette, AC adaptor, and
FREE manual
send it to Sinclair Research within 90 days and "Does not apply to ZX81 kits.
- - - - - - - - - - Zip _____
Free Energy
Many people point to the sun as a But it is subsidized by our taxes. thermostat that can be set well below the
source of free energy. It really isn't, of Feasibility studies are being made for traditional 55oF minimum of standard
course, just as hydro power and wind an attractive, science-fiction-like possi- thermostats. Also in this home energy-
power aren't free. Converting these ener- bility for solar power generation from saving focus are an inexpensive electric
gy sources requires the expenditure of large satellites. These satellites would be power meter that tells you quickly how
much money, which in many instances is exposed to continuous sunlight, collect- mucl;l electricity any appliance consumes
not as economical as employing fossil fu- ing solar energy and transmitting it and ways to use photovoltaic cells to re-
els and their accompanying converters. through microwaves to collection points charge batteries using the sun as the pow-
We' re all fascinated by the sun, natu- on earth. It is said, however, that such an er source.
rally, and anticipate that at some distant undertaking would be the costliest tech- Should you want to explore solar pow-
time there will be an economic crossover nological venture ever attempted. er further, a recent book, the "Photovol-
point where it would pay to make more At present, the greatest saving in ener- taic Product Directory and Buyers
use of it. However, solar power is indeed gy appears to be through conservation in Guide," will give you a good working
being used today for a variety of pur- one form or another. This route is repre- knowledge on the subject for use in a
poses, though it still represents a very mi- sented by using less energy through buy- home. (Order #DE81030186, $13.50,
nor source of energy. ing automobiles with better gas mileage, from National Technical Information
As you know, there are tax breaks eliminating unnecessary automobile Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Spring-
available to sweeten the cost of voluntary trips, raising air conditioning thermo- field, VA 22161.)
use of solar power for home space heat- stats in the summer and lowering heating
ing and for hot-water heating. The basic thermostats in the winter, buying appli-
reason for this incentive is to diminish ances that consume less energy, and by
the use of o il, a significant portion of automatic energy management.
which is imported at high cost. Given The latter approach is explored in this
such an allowance, it is claimed that the issue by a few interesting, innovative arti-
system saves money for energy use after a cles. One reduces fuel use through a more
moderate period of time for amortization efficient heat-system blower-motor con-
of new equipment and installation costs. trol. Another presents plans for a novel
Contributing Editors: Representation in Japan
Walter Buchsbaum, J .S. Yagi
Len Feldman, Glenn Hauser, Julian Hirsch Iwai Trading Co., Ltd.
Jim Keogh, Forrest Mlms 603 Ginza Sky Heights Bldg.
18-13, G inza 7-Chome
Member A u d i t Bureau
MARIE MAESTRI Tokyo, Japan 104 of Circ ulat i o.u
Executive Assistant
6 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Explore the excellence of your ZX81 with a
----------
5=_!- 5555 iji -~~i~
--- ----
---- -- -- -=== =
-------
-------
--------------
~ ~-=~
-- --
-- - ---- - -- -
----
=~~ ~~==
-- ---- -- - - - - - - -
--------------
----
--------
-
----
----
-- - ----
-- -----
- ---
routines.
32-64K 32K of RAM memory for I D Check Memopak 64k RAM $ 179 .95
basic variables and large arrays. With
the MEMOPAK 64K extension the ZX81 I D Visa Memopak 16k RAM $ 59.95
OUT OF TUNE
In "Enhance TV Sound with Stereo"
(May 1982), the resistance for R24 and
The IBM Personal Computer R25 in the Parts List should have been
390 ohms, as it was on the schematic.
Atool for modern times In "Learning Quizes for Electronics"
(June, p 70), in the Digital Counter Quiz,
the note reading "FF 1 is initially turned
on" should have been with part 2 of the
quiz not part 1.
For a store near you (or for information from IBM about quantity purchases) call (800) 447-4700. In Illinois,
(800) 322-4400. In Alaska or Hawaii, (800) 447-0890. *Dow Jones is a trademark of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. POPULAR ELECTRONICS
tNot suppliec by IBM.
CIRCLE NO. 23 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Why use their flexible discs:
BASF, Control Data, Dysan, IBM, Kybe, Maxell,
Nashua, Scotch, Syncom, Verbatim or Wabash
when you could be using
MEMOREX
high quality error free discs?
CE quant.
100 price
Product Description Part# per disc($)
8" SSSD IBM Compatible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors) 3062 2.09
8" SSSD Shugart Compatible, 32 Hard Sector 3015 2.09
8" SSSD CPT 8000 Compatible, Soft Sector 3045 2.99
8" SSDD IBM Compatible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors) 3090 2.74
8" DSDD Soft Sector (Unformatted) 3102 3.34
8" DSDD Soft Sector (128 B/S, 26 Sectors) 3115 3.34
8" DSDD Soft Sector (256 B/S, 26 Sectors) 3103 3.34
8" DSDD Soft Sector (512 B/S, 15 Sectors) 3114 3.34
8" .DSDD Soft Sector (1 024 B/S, 8 Sectors) 3104 3.34
5%" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 3481 2.34
5%" SSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 3483 2.34
5%" SSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 3485 2.34
5%" DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring 3491 3.09
5%" DSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 3493 3.09
5%" DSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring 3495 3.09
5%" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) 3504 2.99
5114'' DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI) 3501 3.99
SSSD = Single Sided Single Density; SSDD
DSDD =
Double Sided Double Density; TPI
=Single Sided Double Density
= Tracks per inch
~tn~[EB
offer. This offer is good only in the U.S.A. and ends on 500 or more discs at the same time and deduct 1%; 1 ,000
December31 , 1982. or more saves you 2%; 2,000 or more saves you 3%; 5,000
or more saves you 4%; 10,000 or more saves you 5%;
Quality 25,000 or more saves you 6%; 50,000 or more saves you
Memorex means quality products that you can depend 7% and 100,000 or more discs earns you an 8% discount
on. Quality control at Memorex means starting with the
best materials available and continual surveillance
off our super low quantity 100 price. Almost all Memorex
Flexible Discs are immediately available from CE. Our
Order Toll-Free!
throughout the entire manufacturing process. The ben- warehouse facilities are equipped to help us get you the
quality product you need, when you need it. If you need
(800) 5214414
efit of Memorex's years of experience in magnetic In Michigan (31 3) 9944444
media production, resulting, for instance, in proprietary further assistance to find the flexible disc that's right for
coating formulations. The most sophisticated testing yot1, call the Memorex compatibility hotline. Dial toll-free
procedures you' ll find anywhere in the business. 800-538-8080 and ask for the flexible disc hotfine extension
0997. In California dial 800-672-3525 extension 0997.
1 00 Percent Error Free Outside the U.S.A. dial4089870997.
Each and every Memo rex Flexible Disc is certified to be
Buy with Confidence
100 percent error free. Each track of each flexible disc To get the fastest delivery from CE of your Memorex
is tested , individually, to Memorex's stringent standards Flexible Discs, send or phone your order directly to our
of excellence. They test signal amplitude, resolution, Computer Products Division. Be sure to calculate your
low-pass modulation, overwrite, missing pulse error price using the CE prices in ttlis ad. Michigan residents
and extra pulse error. Rigid quality audits are built into please add 4% sales tax. Writt9n purchase orders are
every step of the manufacturing process and stringent accepted from approved government agencies and most
testing result in a standard of excellence that assures well rated firms at a 30% surcharge for net 30 billing. All
you , our customer, of a quality product designed for sales are subject to availability, acceptance and verification.
increased reliability and consistent top performance. All sales are final. Prices, terms and specifications are
subject to change without notice. Out of stock items will be
Customer-Oriented Packaging For Data Reliability-Memorex Flexible Discs
placed on backorder automatically unlessCE is instructed
The desk-top box containing ten discs is convenient for differently. Minimum prepaid order $50.00. Minimum
filing and storage. Both box labels and jacket labels purchase order $200.00. International orders are invited
provide full information on compatibility, density, sec-
-~OMMUNICATIONS
with a $20.00 surcharge for special handling in addition to
toring, and record length. Envelopes with multi-lan- shipping charges. All shipments are F.O.B. Ann Arbor,
guage care and handling instructions and and color- Michigan. No COD's please. Non-certified and foreign
coded removable labels are included. A write-protect checks require bank clearance.
feature is available to provide data security. Mail orders to: Communications Electronics, Box 1002,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A Add. $8.00 per case or
Full One Year Warranty- Your Assurance of Quality
Memorex Flexible Discs will be replaced free of charge
partial-case of 100 8-inch discs or $6.00 per case or partial
case of 100 51f4inch mini-discs for U. P.S. ground shipping and
. . ELECTRONICSTM
by Memo rex if they are found to be defective in materials handling in the continental U.S.A. If you have a MasterCard or
or wor kmanship within one year of the date of purchase. Visa card , you may call anytime and place a credit card order.
Other than replacement, Memorex will not be respon- Order toll-free in the U.S. Dial 800-521-4414. If you are Computer Products Division
sible for any damages or losses (including consequential outside the U.S. or in Michigan, dial313-994-4444. Order your
damages) caused by the use of Memorex Flexible high quality, error free Memorex discs today. 854 Phoenix 0 Box 1002 0 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A.
Discs. Copyrigh t 1982 Communications Elect ronic s Ad #051782 Call TOLL FREE (800) 5214414 or outside U.S.A. (313) 9944444
CIRCLE NO. 1 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 9
AUGUST 1982
protection systems:. a current-sensitive cir-
cuit for the tweeters and a thermal overload
circuit for the woofer. If the circuits detect
an energy level high enough to cause dam-
age, they absorb the excess power without
interrupting the music. The drivers consist
of one 10" woofer and two 3" tweeters (in-
ward and outward "firing" ). Nominal im-
pedance is 8 ohms; crossover transition fre-
quencies are 1.5 kHz and 2.5 kHz; power
Additional information on new products rating is 20 W min., 100 W max. Cabinet is
covered in this section is available from the , presence and size of a record. A smoked walnut-grain vinyl veneer and dimensions
manufacturers. Either circle the item s code acrylic dust cover is provided. Control pads are24"H X 14W'W X 14W'D.$680perpair.
number on the Free Information Card include a REPEAT button. Wow and flutter is CIRCLE NO. 92 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
or write to the manufacturer at the rated at 0.012% ; rumble at- 78 dB. Dimen-
address given. sions are 17.9"W X 5.l"H X 16.7"D. $525.
Circle No. 90 on Free Information Card
AID System for Apple
DEC Personal Computer
Applied Engineering announces availability
of a memory-buffered analog/digital system
for all versions of the Apple computer.
Called the AID Board, this peripheral con-
sists of an eight-bit successive-approxima-
tion AID converter, an eight-channel multi-
plexer, and an 8 X 8 RAM. AID con-
version takes place on a continuous
channel-sequencing basis, and data is auto-
matically transferred to an on-board memo-
ry at the end of each conversion. The con-
verter has a speed rated at 0.078
The Rainbow 100, Digital Equipment ms/channel, a full-scale voltage range from
Corp.'s entry in the personal computer field, 5 to 15 V de and an operating tempera-
is designed to run both 8- and 16-bit applica- ture from Oo to 70C. Accuracy is given as
tion software from a wide variety of indepen- 0.3%. Applications include monitoring am-
dent suppliers. These include the Select In- bient weather conditions, light intensity,
formation Systems Word Processor, Micro- pressure, rpm, etc. $129.
soft's Multiplan Spred Sheet Calculator, and
the Mark Williams Co. " C" Compiler. The
Rainbow I 00 will run a hybrid version of the The Iso-Tip 7470 Micro Soldering Station is
CP/M-80 and CP/M-86 and can use other reported to eliminate continuous switching PC Board Holder
operating systems such as Microsoft's MS- (and the voltage spikes that can damage
DOS, the same as IBM and others. DEC has electrical equipment) by maintaining an
also provided an advanced communications even tip temperature. The unit is totally
package to enable the Rainbow 100 to trans- grounded and can be adjusted to any tem-
mit from a CP/M file to a host computer and perature between 500 and 700F. It cc.mes
vice versa. It uses Z80 and 8088 micro- with a sponge holder, tip-wiping sponge, sol-
processors and has a' maximum of 256K dering iron, and stand (which takes up 12 sq.
bytes of memory. The mass data storage is in. of bench space).
800K bytes in 5\4" double-density , dual CIRCLE NO. 91 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
drives. This can be expanded to 1.6M bytes
of floppy-disk storage or 5M bytes of Win-
chester disk storage. The CRT display is a
12" monochrome of 24 lines by 80 or 132 Bose Speakers
characters. Options include a 5\4 ", 5M-byte The PCBH-50 from OK Machine and Tool
external hard disk, a color video monitor Co. is designed for use as a printed circuit
and character cell graphics. Language sup- board holder and solder station. The. unit is
port includes MBASIC and the C Compiler. spring-loaded for easy board removal and a
$3495. self-locking end support adjusts to different
Circle No. 89 on Free Information Card board widths (up to 10" X 12"). A board
can be rotated 360 and locked at any angle.
Also included is a soldering iron holder and
Microprocessor- a cleaning tip sponge. The PCBH-50 can be
either free-standing or mounted on a
Equipped Turntable workbench.
CIRCLE NO. 94 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
The Denon DP-52F turntable uses a
microprocessor to control arm motion , mo-
tor speed, record sensing, and ON/OFF
functions. A servo mechanism is reported to
Rechargeable Video
The 501 Series III Direct/Reflecting loud-
continuously adjust tracking force and anti- speakers from Bose are floor-standing units Battery Pack
skating pressure for optimum stylus-disc with a dual-frequency crossover network.
contact, correcting for warps and resonance. According to Bose, woofers and tweeters are Cinema IV's Porta-Power II battery pack is
The DP-52F has an ac servo-motor direct- allowed to operate simultaneously over reported to permit the simultaneous use of a
drive platter with magnetic-pulse speed more than a full octave, thereby avoiding the video camera, VCR, and halogen spotlight.
monitoring, and automatic sensing of the effects of phase shift. There are two separate A built-in voltmeter determines the remain-
10 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
THE PROBLEM: .,~ -----
euf'G\..Af\~
t\0\..0:-"UP
SOLUTION:
PROTECT YOUR HOME
AND BUSINESS WITH A
PROFESSIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM
BEFORE YOU'RE THE VICTIM!!
Panic Button
HOW MUCH COULD I SAVE WITH A GUARDEX SYSTEM?
WHAT TYPE OF SYSTEM IS BEST FOR ME?
BURGLARY, HOLD-UP, MEDICAL OR FIRE?
We have security consultants available to review your Photoelectric Infrared Motion
Smoke Detector/ Detector/
needs right over the telephone. Our toll free numbers are Transmitter Transmitter
listed below. Our new Guardex 4300 professional security
system can be tailored for almost every requirement. The
Guardex 4300 can monitor for burglary plus your choice of
hold-up, medical emergency or fire.
Door/Window
Transmitters
fL
~...
__........
_._ _
Y
. J
""""'""
-
Guardex 4300
Control Panel
--------------
30 Day Money Back Guarantee - 1 Year Warranty
VISA' ;
Call during California business hours for your no
The central station is staffed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week I obligation consultation.
with trained personnel to quickly dispatch emergency services.
We can monitor your home or business anywhere in the
continental United States over toll free WATS lines.
I Outside CA Toll Free (800) 423-5499
Inside CA Collect (213) 889-1414
31117 W. Via Colinas, PEWestlake Village, CA 91362
CIRCLE NO. 21 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
_______new product.ms._________
TRAIN FOR
ONE OF THESE ing running time; and the charger recharges II ($645) is the latest in a low-cost line of ter-
minals, featuring editing capabilities, char-
the 12-V /11.3-A battery in 12 to 16 hours.
I MONEY-MAKING In addition, the unit has a circuit breaker acter insert/ delete, and local print. It is buff-
ered and can display the full 128-chara.cter
built-in and can be used with an auto charge
CAREERS! cord (optional) to charge the battery from an ASCII code.
ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN automobile cigarette lighter socket. Dimen- Circle No. 96 on Free Information Card
COMPUTER PROGRAMMER sions are 7\6" X 8" X 2\6"; weight is 9 lb.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INSTALLER $200. Address: Cinema IV, P.O. Box 1045,
TECHNICIAN ELECTRONIC Newport Beach, CA 92663 .
EQUIPMENT SERVICEMAN CABLE Linear-Tracking Phono
TV INSTALLER Cartridge
Compact Audio System
17 SCHOOLS FROM COAST TO COAST
OFFER 15 DIFFERENT COURSES -
FROM 6 WEEKS TO 2 YEARS
[kt
NO cost or obligation!
CIRCLE NO. 95 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD provides detent tuning, in conjunction with
automatic frequency control tuning, for
nalionallnslilula quick channel selection. If fine tuning is
needed, states the manufacturer, it typically
ofTi:H:::hnology.M Two New Terminals spans only one transponder to prevent chan-
r - - - MAIL COUPON TODAY!- - - - 1 from Hazeltine nel crosstalk. An optional remote control is
also available. The audio section has
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF selectable tuning. for 6.2 and 6.8 MHz and
TECHNOLOG~ DEPT. MPC82 can receive stereo broadcasts, as well as the
1701 West Euless Blvd. Suite 320,
Euless, TX 76039 usual mono. The System 7 also has a signal
D I am interested in your brochure of l~~Jf]~.~~T strength meter, direct audio and video out-
puts with a video invert switch, and a built-
career courses in electronic engineer- ~
:: ~
NAME AGE
cleaner by assuring uniform cleaning of all Designed to drain away static electricity be-
types of cassette decks, including those with Computer Static Mat fore it can cause any damage to voltage-
three-motor drives and takeup-reel sensors. sensitivie IC chips, the Stati-Ex mat from
Equipped with two sets of capstan pinch Spirig Enterprises is intended for use with
roller felts, the Ultraline is also suitable for microcomputer installations consisting of a
auto-reverse decks. The cassette cleaner in- terminal, disc drives, and a printer. Made of
cludes a 1;2 -oz bottle of Allsop cleaning solu- electrically conductive rubber, the one-mil-
tion. $10. limeter thick mat is also reported to be in-
CIRCLE NO. 99 ON FREE INFORMATION CAR9 sensitive to heat; if you use it as a work sur-
face, a hot ball of solder will not burn
through. Dimensions are 100 em X 50 em.
Floppy Drive Tester $20. Address: S.A.T. South End Bridge Cir-
cle, Agawam, MA 01001.
NEW
Book Understanding
Electronic Control
of Energy Systems
AUGUST1982 13
age does not decrease below that of video
coverage, broadcasters will not object.
To achieve this result, one of several pro-
posed companding noise-reduction sys-
tems may be used as part of the broadcast
standard .
AUGUST1982 15
Now! Learn on the latest
NRitraining includes
25'' Heatli/Zenith
color TV with state-of--
the-art features
6-function infrared remote control
space phone lets you answer or call from your
chair
microprocessor-controlled PU varactor tuner
82 VHF/UHF, 35 cable channels
24-hour programmable channel selection
electronic time display
4-speaker FM sound system
choice of three cabinets at student
discount
We've taken the The Professional's
finest, most advanced, Choice
most complete TV/Au- Amillion and a half stu-
dio/Video course avail- dents have already chosen the
able and made it even NRI way. And over half the prac-
better. Now NRI brings ticing TV service technicians in
your training up to and the U.S. have advanced their
even beyond today's careers with convenient home
technology with the training. Among them, it's NRI
exciting, advanced per- 3 to 1over any other school
formance Heath/Zenith (summary of national survey
Model2501 TV Nowyou on request).
can learn how to service
even the latest circuitry Free Catalog ...
on the most expensive No Salesman Will Call
TV sets as you assem- Get all the facts on
ble and perform ex- complete, convenient NRI train-
periments on your ing. See all the equipment, look
Heathkit/Zenith. over complete lesson plans,
Only NRI combines . check out our convenient time
such complete payment plans. And see the
training with such many other opportunities in
up-to-date equipment. choice of specialty training on TV, stereo, or VCR fields like Microcomputers, Elec-
tronic Design, Communications
Electronics, and more. Send
Choice of which specialty you elect, your prac- postage-paid card and see what ad-
Three tical training also includes experi- vanced training is all about. If card
Specialties ments and demonstrations with has been rem9ved, please write to us.
And only NRI the exclusive NRI Discovery
gives you the opportun- Laband your own profes-
ity to specialize in any sional digital multimeter. All
of three areas. You get equipment is yours to use
the same complete and keep.
training covering TY, Learn in Your
audio systems, and Spare Time
video recorders, but you No need to quit
select your own specialty your job or tie up your
for practical, hands-on evenings with night
training. . school ... no classroom
You can choose competition or rigid schedules. NRI Practical training on a real state-of-the-art
TV using professional equipment
to build the Heath/ trains you in your own home at your
Zenith color TV; special- convenience. You're a class of one
ize in audio systems and with complete course materials,
build your own AM/ practical training on the latest
~J
NRl ,
~
~~r~~~~i~~ontinuing
Education Center
FM stereo system; or equipment, and the backing of a full
take your bench training staff of professional electronics ltnr
'J 3939 Wisconsin Ave.
washington, n.c. zoo16
with remote-controlled' educators. NRI brings it all to you. We'll give you tomorrow.
videocassette recorder
featuring NRI training
on videotape. No matter
Harman -Kardon PM650 Inte-grated Amplifier
T HE Model PM650 is one of
Harman-Kardon's new high-cur-
140,000 Hz +01- 3 dB, with a 2-J.t-S rise
time and an 80- VI J-1-S slew rate.
Laboratory Measurements. Follow-
ing a one-hour preconditioning period
rent-capability integrated amplifiers. It Except for its large VOLUME knob, all with both channels driving 8-ohm loads
has an instantaneous current output ca- the control knobs of the H-K PM650 are at 1000 Hz with one-third of rated pow-
pability of 40 A, which enables it to <;lrive of iden~i a1 si::e (34 "). Its other front- er, and five minutes of full-power operat-
very low load impedances (such as those panel controls _,re "push on, push off' ing, the output of the Model PM650
presented by some loudspeakers at cer- buttons cf diff.~<:nt sizes and shapes, ac- clipped at 68 W per channel with both
tain frequencies and parallel pairs oflow- cording tc the;: function--except that channels operating, giving a Clipping
impedance speakers) without distortion the three FL'NC1ION (input selector) but- Headroom rating of 1.34 dB. As claimed
or damage to the amplifier. The absence tons are mechanically interlocked. A by the manufacturer, the PM650 delivers
of the usual current-limiting circuits in narrow tinted-glass window across the progressively higher output power as the
the output stages also eliminates this as a top of the panel conceals identifier words load impedance is reduced. Into 4 ohms,
potential source of distortion. that light to show the selected program it developed 102 W per channel; and into
The H-K PM650 has a rated output of source, and whether one or both of the 2 ohms its output was an impressive 141
50 W per channel into 8 ohms from 20 to two TAPE circuits has been selected, as W. This limit was set by the tripping of
20,000 Hz with less than 0.03% total well as an ON indicator next to the POW- the amplifier's internal protective circuit
harmonic distortion. It has a complete ER switch button. The separation of the breaker; and actual waveform clipping
array of control functions, including program and tape recorder selection was not observed with 2-ohm operation.
selectable terminating capacitance for functions makes it possible to listen to When we drove the amplifier with the
the phono cartridge, yet presents a neat one program source while dubbing or pulsed Dynamic Headroom test signal,
aud uncluttered appearance. making tapes from another. the maximum power output was 79 W
The overall dimensions of the H-K The three input sources are AUX, TUN- into 8 ohms, giving the amplifer a Dy-
PM650 are 17 3 / 8 " W X 16"D X 5 1 / 8 " ER, and PHONO. A small button gives an namic Headroom rating of2 dB. We also
H. It weighs 26 lb. Suggested retail price additional choice of MM (moving mag- performed the Dynamic Headroom test
of the amplifier is $369.95. net) or MC (moving coil) cartridge inputs at two lower load impedances, obtaining
through separate sets of input jacks and 139 W into 4 ohms and 208 W into 2
General Description. Harman-Kardon preamplifier stages. The MM input also ohms. The 1000-Hz distortion of the
has been a proponent of wide-band cir- has a small front-panel knob that termi- PM650 was between 0.016% and 0.02%
cuitry for many years, and the Model 650 nates a cartridge in a capacitance of ei- for all output powers up to 50 W, and
continues that tradition. Its low-level fre- ther 100, 150, 200, or 300 pF, in addition only 0.05% at 65 W. When driving 4-
quency response is specified as 4 to to 47-kilohm input resistance. ohm loads, the distortion varied from
20 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
----------------------------~udi.~-----------------------------
z
0
~ 0.5 2 o.5
0
~Do.2 i=
lr
~0.2
0
z 0
~ 0 .1 1- 0.1
zw
lr
<(
I.o 5
.. .. ... .
1- - w
u;
0.05 ...
--... I T6
-
1- lr
z w 1- 1- f4 1(
w
0
11:.02
.- -r--
.... ---i-
.. . ...- -- ~- - - . .. . ..... V- II..
.02
....
w
II..
~ ~1
20 50 100 200 500 1K 2K 5K 10K 20K 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100
FREQUENCY IN HZ (CYC L ES PER SECOND) CONTINUOUS AND EQUIVALENT SINE-WAVE WATTS/CHANNEL
Distortion at 1000 Hz for power outputs between 1 and 100 W. Percent harmonic distortion vs. frequency into 8 ohms.
0.023% to 0.2% for power outputs be- sponse curves that are hinged at about 3 would be expected from its fine measured
tween 1 and 100 W. The distortion with a kHz. The loudness compensation boost- performance, it also managed to sound
2-ohm load could not be measured be- ed both low and high frequencies as the like a much more powerful amplifier
cause the circuit breaker tended to trip volume setting was reduced, but the than its ratings would suggest. In fact,
quickly at fairly high power outputs. amount of boost was moderate and did the more current we drew from the am-
Across the full20-to-20,000- Hz frequen- not cause any unpleasant alteration in plifier, the more impressive it became
cy range and at power levels from 5 to 50 sound quality. The SUBSONIC filter re- (especially when we paralleled several
W, the distortion was between 0.016% sponse was down 2.5 dB at 20Hz, which pairs of speakers to form a very low-im-
and 0.035%. was our lower measurement limit, and pedance load). This is hardly a normal
The amplifier's sensitivity for a refer- the HIGH CUT filter response was down 3 condition-many amplifiers rebel at this
enceoutputof1 Wwas 18mV(Aux)and dB at 6 kHz. It appeared to roll off the sort of treatment, yet the PM650 takes it
0.09 m V (PHONO MM), with an A-weight- output at 12 dB per octave above the au- in stride.
ed S/N ratio for either input of 79.5 dB dio range, but we could not determine While we do not necessarily subscribe
referred to 1 W. The amplifier was stable the ultimate slope of the SUBSONIC filter to the theory that sonic performance is
with reactive. loads, and its slew factor response. improved when the amplifier bandwidth
exceeded our measurement limit of 25. The amplifier's RIAA phono equaliza- is far in excess of the audible frequency
The intermodulation (IM) distortion was tion was accurate within 0.5 dB from range, it seems unarguable that a high-
measured with equal amplitude input 20 to 20,000 Hz. It was affected only current output capability, low distortion
signals of 19 and 20kHz, having a com- slightly by the inductance of a typical and noise level, and complete sta-
bined peak amplitude equal to that of a phono cartridge connected to the input bility-regardless of load-result in an
50-W sine-wave signal. This level served (the total change was only about 1 dB amplifier with a very fine sound.
as the 0-dB reference. A spectrum analy- from 1 to 20 kHz). The PHONO (MM) in- We also appreciate the PM650's lack
sis of the amplifier output (driving 8-ohm put impedance was 55 kilohms in parallel of switching transients or other disturb-
loads) showed a - 82-dB second-order with capacitance values of 175, 225, 275, ing sounds, and overall smooth opera-
IM product at 1000 Hz, and a - 83-dB or 375 pF-depending on the setting of tion. Even the delayed connection of the
third-order product at 18kHz. The fifth- the front-panel switch. The MC input had speakers that allows the amplifier cir-
order intermodulation distortion at 17 a 400-ohm resistance. The MM input cuits to stabilize is done in a graceful fade
kHz was measured as - 88 dB. overloaded at a very good 240 m V at (instead of the usual abrupt "click"). In
The amplifier's tone controls had con- 1000 Hz and at slightly higher levels at short, this is a fine product, well-suited
ventional characteristics- the bass con- 20 and 20,000 Hz. for situations where one might ordinarily
trol moves the low-end turnover frequen- expect that far more powerful amplifiers
cy between 150 and 300 Hz, and the User Comment. Not only did the H-K are required. - Julian H irsch
treble control positions high-end re- PM650 sound as sweet and clean as CIRCLE NO. 101 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
AUGUST1982 21
deUL---------------------------
l .
,-
)
The .
J
>
,)
)
3
::;
~
J
::J
Workbench
J_
::J
~
5
::J
i
"'::?
3
.D
3
:>
c
~
m
:J
0
0
:J
Q.
;;)
0
':'::!
~
"'
~
~
"
------------------~-----ride
GENERAL ELECTRIC MODEL 19PC3708W
19" COLOR TV RECEIVER
LABORATORY DATA
Parameter Measurement
cuit) are compared with the VIR infor- feet on a normal picture is barely notice-
mation. The resulting output then goes to able, but on a weak signal it seems to
the color-sync circuit in the main chassis. sharpen the edges of displayed images.
The color controller section operates in a R-f oscillator frequency stability and
similar manner, but its input is the com- accuracy were measured with the aft op-
bination of the B-Y and the Y signal. erating. Considering that this is not an
The Y signal is also clamped to the prop- electronically tuned or a crystal-con-
er black level in the Y amp. trolled system, stability and accuracy are
The mechanical layout of the new GE quite acceptable. The remaining parame-
chassis is intended for easy servicing. The ters are affected by the VIR performance
main pc board can be withdrawn from and were measured with the VIR system
the cabinet and locked into a stable ser- in operation. They indicate very good de
vicing position, with the cabinet resting restoration, excellent linearity and con- Fig. 1. Color-bar video at i-f input
on its side. This permits access from both vergence, and no noticeable pincushion shows almost perfect sine wave.
sides. Also, the pc board layout supplied effect.
with the service manual certainly makes Applying a color-bar pattern on chan- peared crisp and sharp, with a bright and
it easy to find individual parts and test nel3 proved to produce good color fideli- steady picture.
points. ty, even though the VIR system was not The VIR color control system was a
We found that the letters and numerals operating (a VIR signal must originate at boon in maintaining correct colors as we
on the main pc board and on the CRT a transmitter). Figure 1 shows a scope switched channels- provided the TV
socket pc board were not very legible, but photo of the composite video signal as it station was transmitting the VIR signal.
that may have been due to the printing on entered the color i-f section. At an ampli- Since many cable TV and educational TV
our particular set. We also noted that tude of about 0.5 V and with the 3.58- stations do not transmit the VIR signal,
some of the test points are located be- MHz sine-wave burst perfectly repro- it provides no automatic assistance in
tween larger components, making it diffi- duced, this photo quantifies the observed these instances. Moreover, it was annoy-
cult to reach them with a standard scope picture quality. The results of applying a ing to switch from a perfectly tuned VIR
probe. gray scale (staircase) signal were equally channel to one that required adjustments
Test results summarized in the accom- good. Apparently, the factory adjust- because the signal was not used. Further-
panying table indicate that the GE Mod- ment for frequency response, gray scale, more, the fine-tuning adjustment had to
el 19PC3708W has good vhf sensitivity linearity, convergence, and pincushion be precisely adjusted to activate the VIR
and noise figure . Measuring -55 dBm at effect were precise. circuitry.
300 ohms corresponds to about 8 11- V in- According to GE's service manual the The mechanical tuners worked very
put, for a noise-free picture. The uhf sen- 116 V de (from which the other de volt- well. In the interest of long-term reliabil-
sitivity of- 52 dBm corresponds to dou- ages are derived) should be adjusted to ity, however, which appears to be boost-
ble, or 16 11-V, which also promises good within 0.5 V, but the regulation of that ed in this set with the new main pc board,
fringe-area performance. Unfortunately, voltage only covered 98%. Assuming the we prefer electronic tuning. In addition,
the relatively higher noise figure for the 2% difference to be equally distributed, mid-band and super-band cable stations
uhf tuner limits the effectiveness of the this means that the 116 V de could are not available with them. (One can
VIR system to relatively noise-free change by 1.16 V. However, we noticed view these stations when subscribing to a
signals. no degradation of performance, even cable service, however, with a supplied
The video bandwidth of 3.85 MHz was with changes in line voltage from 105 to cable channel selector.) Using mechani-
measured with the sharpness control set 130 V ac. The stated range of regulation cal tuners contributes to a lower price,
at its midpoint. We also observed that for the high voltage is from 26 to 28.5 kV, though.
this control reduced the video response which is abotit 10%, and the measured In summary, we liked the overall per-
curve to 3.80 MHz at its soft setting and values were better than that. formance of the Modell9PC3708W, and
caused a +3-dB peak at 3.75 MHz at the particularly appreciate the easy service-
sharp setting. Since the sharpness control User Comments. Performance of this ability of the receiver as compared to ear-
is located at the rear of the set, the owner 19" color TV receiver was especially fine lier GE models. - Walter Buchsbaum
does not ordinarily worry about it. Its ef- in terms of picture quality. Colors ap- CIRCLE NO. 103 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Build your own computer for$79. 95
most experienced programmers. The offer today. To order, send the coupon I Address
ZX81 can handle multidimensional string along with a check or money order. Or for
and numerical arrays. It has full mathe-
matical functions accurate to eight deci-
faster delivery, call our toll-free number
and use your MasterCard or VISA. ~--------~----2~----
Sinclair technology is also available in Timex/Sinclair
mal places. Single-key entry for every To order call toll free: 800-543-3000. computers under a license from Sinclair Research Ltd.
command. Syntax error detection, de- Ask for operator #509. In Ohio call: 800-
bugging codes, and easy editing. Plus 582-1364; in Canada call: 513-729-4300.
features that are ideal for creating games,
such as 20 graphic symbols, continuous
Ask for operator #509. Phones open
24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Have your sin-=:lair
AUGUST 1982 25
Hyou have put oti
le gmore
electronics for any
of these reasons,
act now!
D I don't have the tiine.
D High school was hard for me and
electronics sounds like it may be
hard to learn.
D I can't afford any tnore education.
D I have a family now.
D I'tn here. You're there. I've never
learned that way before. I'm not
sure it will work for me.
~ead the opposite page and see how you can get start~LA~~~~1c}
Be honest with yourself. Are Find out more!
the reasons really excuses? You Today. Now.
already know enough about There's a card with this ad. Fill it in
and return. If some other ambitious
electronics to be interested in person has already removed it, use the
reading this magazine . .So why coupon.
not learn more? If you need You'll get a copy of CIE's free
encouragement, read on and .school catalog, along with a complete
package of personal home study
see how excuses can be turned information.
into results. For your convenience, we'll try to
You don't have the time. Be realistic. arrange for a CIE representative to
All you have in life is a period of time. contact you to answer any questions
Use it. Try to know more tomorrow you may have.
than you do today. That's the proven Step-by-step, learning includes If you are serious about a rewarding
way to success. CIE studies require just "hands-on ' training. career, about learning electronics or
about 12 hours of your time a week, two The kind of professional you want to be building on your present skills, your
hours a day. You probably do have the needs more than theory. That's why best bet is to go with the electronics
time. some of our courses include the specialists-CIE. Mail the card or
Personal Training Laboratory, which coupon today or write CIE (please
Electronics sounds like it may be hard helps you put lesson theory into actual mention the name and date of this
to learn. You already know something practice. Other courses train you to use
about electronics or you wouldn't be magazine), 1776 East 17th Street,
tools of the trade such as a 5MHz Cleveland, Ohio 44114.
reading this. Now, build on that. CIE triggered-sweep, solid-state oscilloscope
Auto-Programmed Lessons help you This could be the best decision
you build yourself-and use to practice you've made all year.
learn. Topics are presented in simple, troubleshooting. Or a Digital Learning
logical sequence. All text is clear and Laboratory to let you apply the digital Associate Degree
concise for quick, easy understanding. theory that's essential today for anyone Now, CIE offers an Associate in
You learn step by step, at your own who wants to keep pace with electronics Applied Science Degree in Electronics
pace. No classes to attend. Nobody in the eighties.
pressures you. You can learn. Engineering Technology. In fact, all
or most of every CIE Career Course
You can't afford any more education.
Actually, you can't afford NOT to is directly creditable towards the
gain the skills that can put you ahead of Associate Degree.
the others. You know what inflation is "If you're going to learn
doing to you now. Education-learning electronics, you might as well
a skill-is an inflation-fighter that can
be yours. If you are not able to pay full learn it right!'
tuition now, CIE will lend you funds on John Cunningham (
Senior Technical Director
a monthly payment plan.
You have a family now. All the more
reason why you have the responsibility
to advance yourself. For the sake of
your family. Do you want them to have
what you had or have more than you Your FCC License can impress
had? The choice is yours. Electronics is employers.
a rewarding career choice. CIE can help For some electronics jobs, you must
you to get started on that career. have your FCC License. For others,
You're there. We're here. How does employers usually consider it a mark in
CIE help you learn? First, we want you your favor. Either way, your License is
to succeed. You may study at home, but government-certified proof of your
you are not alone. When you have a knowledge and skills. More than half
question about a lesson, a postage of CIE's courses prepare you to pass
stamp gets you your answer fast. You this exam. Surveys show that some
may find this even better than having a 8007o of CIE graduates who take the
classroom teacher. CIE understands exam are successful.
people need to learn at their own pace.
r---
When CIE receives your completed
lesson before noon any day of the week,
it will be graded and mailed back the
same day with appropriate instructional
help. Your satisfaction with your
progress comes by return mail. That's
IC IE Cleveland Institute
of Electronics, Inc.
PE68
how CIE helps you learn. I 17 7 6 E a s t 17 th Str eet, Clevela nd, Ohio 4 4 114
Accredited Member National Home Study Council
NOW, IF YOU AGREE CIE I 0 YES ... I want to learn from the specialists in electronics-CIE. Send me my FREE
TRAINING CAN WORK
FOR YOU, HOW ELSE
II CIE school catalog .. . including details about the Associate Degree program ... plus my
FREE package of home study information.
Print Name _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
a C. Itoh Model 8510) can be connected three minutes-with verification. package manuals. Very little information
in place of the system printer to provide As good as the surface functions are, is provided about the machine operation,
better print quality. Toshiba's implementation of CP/M still and virtually no in-depth technical detail
leaves something to be desired. For ex- is currently available.
Software. The system software consists ample, all the ports except the RS-232C Toshiba has employed the services of a
of Digital Research's CP/M operating port are initialized on power-up. A sepa- California-based documentation compa-
system. However, the software is not of rate diskette is needed to use the serial ny, called The Writery, to improve the
the same quality as the hardware. The port, and yet another diskette is required T200-4's documentation.
implementation of CP/M is still under- to set baud rates, parity, and direction.
going change. (The CP/M version 1.2 we Unfortunately the serial drivers aren't Evaluation. The T200-4 is a data-pro-
tested does offer improvements in terms implemented in the Basic Input Output cessing tool that is as functional as any of
of handling the CRT.) System (BIOS) of CP/M, nor is there the other high-end microcomputer sys-
We particularly liked the T200-4's room to do so. But Toshiba claims that tems currently available. And it's a
booting. The screen tells you to insert the an updated version of CP/M that han- breeze to set up. All we did was remove it
diskette, then the rest of the booting pro- dles all the 1/0 correctly is being readied. from the box, plug in the printer system,
cess is automatic. Toshiba offers a full range of applica- and attach the keyboard.
Making backup diskettes or data tions packages for the T200-4, including Each. of the interface cables is tied in
diskettes is equally simple. First, enter business, word processing, and commu- directly to the machine and requires no
FORMAT. This will cause the Toshiba for- nications. For this review, we used plug-in. Electrical cables are designed to
mat program to load and tell you that the Wordstar 3.0, Microplan (an electronic be plugged into the back of the system.
The 1!0 cables are multi-wire, heavily
shielded types. Unfortunately, the key-
board cable is extremely stiff and a little
too short, so moving the detached key-
board around to a comfortable position
can be difficult.
The keyboard uses a design similar to
Wang, in that the essential function keys
are located on the top row, including the
CONTROL key. After a couple hours of
use, this layout proved more of an asset
than a detriment. We also liked the key-
board's ability to re-boot the system-
simply depress the CONTROL key and IPL
key. The PRINT key allows you to auto-
matically send output to the printer with
a single keystroke. Want to lock the key-
board? Just depress the KEY-LOCK key.
Below the first disk drive is a CRT in-
tensity control so the operator can easily
set the screen intensity to fit the room
lighting. The CRT also employs an
etched screen to reduce glare and eye-
strain-a real help in an office
environment.
During our testing for RFI/EMI, we
were unable to detect any measurable ra-
diation, even with the machine's cover
Using a well-shielded modular design, the T200-4 permits removed. Apparently, good internal
ease of maintenance and is virtually RFI and EM/ free. shielding, several wide ground paths, and
shielded and grounded cables have elimi-
nated potential RFI/EMI difficulties.
source is on the A drive and the destina- spread sheet), and Whiz (a communica- Our basic speed test of 10 GOSUB 10,
tion on the B drive. Then the program tions package). Wordstar is priced at using BASIC-80, yieldect-" an average
asks you if you're ready. Formatting with $495, Microplan runs $495, and WHlZ time-to-error of 0.29 seconds-revealing
verification of tracks is quick (less than a can be had for $150. an excellent handling of memory pro-
minute for the full'operation), and errors All of the applications software pac~ cessing. Using a 14,000-character Word-
are detected, giving track and sector. ages are preinstalled and ready to run on star file, we found that average screen up-
A system diskette is made using the the computer. However, this fact is' not dates took only 14 seconds, from
system-generating program called mentioned in Toshiba's documentation. top-of-file to end-of-file. In addition, to
TOSGEN. Unlike other CP/M-based sys- This may cause the user to try and install load 24K bytes of BASIC-80 required
tems, there is no need to run the MOVCPM the packages according to instructions in only 5 seconds, and loading W ordstar
program to generate a memory image of the software manuals. If this is done, the took just 5.2 seconds, with the first over-
the system size. In fact, this utility user will find that there is no mention of lay coming after a scant 1.2 seconds.
doesn't exist on the supplied system the Toshiba computers in the menus dis- Printing the file took approximately 3
diskette, nor is it really needed. When played by the INSTALL programs. minutes-slightly longer using Word-
used, TOSGEN lets you choose (a) just the Toshiba says that they are aware of the star's spooler.
system tracks, (b) the entire diskette to be problem, and efforts are underway to Using our disk test. which is a BASIC
copied, or (c) to quit the operation. correct the documentation. program that writes an entire disk with
Like formatting a diskette, creating a Even though the basic T200-4 is an ex- the letter "A'' and then retrieves it. took
new system diskette is quick. (It takes cellent machine, and Toshiba is making an average of 27 seconds. Using Digital
under a minute for the system tracks and efforts to improve the software interface, Research's PL/I Chess program to de-
about two minutes for the entire diskette documentation is not particularly good. velop a maximum processing speed, we
to be copied.) As a test, we copied the en- The documents provided include a re- found that it took an average of 1.83 sec-
tire diskette, using the Peripheral Inter- print of Digital Research's CP/M man- onds to compile and load the program;
change Program (PIP). This took just uals and reprints of all the application this is benchmarked against an Altos 4-
AUGUST 1982 31
__.a.;computers.____
MUSIC MHz Z80 hard-disk system of 3 minutes.
LIVES All in all, the T200-4 is a very fast
machine.
ONTDK To test the application capability of
the T200-4 we used Chang Laboratories'
Microplan Electronic Worksheet. This
Music sets the tone in
your life. Creates a package requires the use of CRUN2 as a
world of enjoyment all host run-time package, and employs full
your own. If you want screen attributes of the T200-4, including
inverse video.
nothing to interfere, Although we are normally biased
chooseTDK. against application packages that require
TDK cassettes make host languages, Microplan proved the ex-
music live. With a per- ception for several reasons. First, it pro-
formance as full and vided easily understood screen help mes-
vibrant as the original. sages and always displays its menu to the
In its special way TDK right of the worksheet. Second, the docu-
does more than record. mentation is good and can be understood
It recreates. Music is by a first-time computer user. Also, the
system is quick. This speed is partly a
magic. Don't lose any of function of the hardware, but it shows
it, now that you know that the code has been optimized for pro-
where it lives. cessing speed.
4 ~;~~5'9oJ=: User Comments. The T200-4 was de-
signed as a general-purpose system, with
the primary use being word processing
and the secondary use data processing.
Consequently, some license was taken by
the designers in presenting the software
applications packages.
We would have prefered that pro-
grams such as Microplan and W ordstar
be implemented to take full advantage of
the extremely flexible keyboard.
1982 TDK Electronics Corp
CIRCLE NO. 43 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD In the case of the Whiz communica-
tions package, we would prefer its imple-
mentation as a background operation.
This would allow the user to trap out of
Commodore VIC-20 an application, capture data on another
machine, and then re-enter the applica-
Computer Electric Power
Pollution,
tion. (We understand this aproach to be a
very distinct future possibility.)
Spikes, Regarding the keyboard cable, we
pi"'S3P&L'
, -
~ ~':
~
Price breakthrough!!! Own the FASTERM-64, a complete terminal kit. ready to plug in for
just $199.95 or order the SMARTERM-80 kit for just $299.95, (both available wired and tested .) to all parts of thP system so you can check on the status of
any point in the program 11 allows tracinR each pro-
Be on-line with the million-dollar compu ters and data services today we even supply the gram step by step. with provision for displayinR all the
neces;:;ary subscription forms.
contents of the CPU {registe~ flags. etc.) and it
does much more' 0 RF Modulator kit (allows you to use your TV set as a
More good news: All the components in 0ur terminals are available separately (see monilor) . 58.95 postpaid.
coupon), so you buy only what you need!!! You get all this in the starting level {Level A) of the
Explorer/8S for only $129.95. Incredible' To use. just 0 12" Video Monitor (10MHz bandwidth) . $139.95
plus$5 P&J.
FASTERM-64 . DISPLAY FORMAT: 64 or 32 characters/li ne by 16 lines 96 displayable klut in Jour 8VDC power supply and terminal o r 0 Deluxe Steel Cabinet for the
ASCII characters (u pper & lower case) ... 8 baud rates: 150. 300. 600. 1200. 2400 4800 , 9600. s:::i~j~r/:~s~~~w~ if you don't have them. see our Explorer/55 $49.95 plus $3
19, 200, (switch sel.) ... LINE OUTPUT: RS232/C or 20 ma current loop .. VIDEO OUTPUT : 1V 0 Level A computer kit (Terminal Version) $129.95
P&l."
PIP (EIA RS-170) . CURSOR MODES: home & clear screen. erase to end of line. erase cursor plus $3 P&l." 0 Fan for cabinet $15.00
~~ti~SEo~r8E~ ~~~~Lf~k~~~r~tgRs'~W~nlli~~~~~$: ~,;n~.... ~~ ~~~~d a_u_t~sb~~~~~s: 1.
plusS1 .50 P&l.
1.5. 0 Level A kit (Hex Keypad/Display Version) . $129.95
plus 53 P&f.
2 . DATA BITS PER CHARACTER: 5, 6, 7 or 8. CHARACTER OUTPUT: 5 by 7 dot matrix
in a 7 by 12 cell ... PRINTER OUTPUT: prints all incoming data ... 1K ON BOARD RAM
2K ON BOARD ROM ... CRYSTAL CONTROLLED .. COMPLETE WITH POWER SUPPLY .
:!~~n~o~ ~~~s;~u~;~,~~{i~-~:~~~~~=~~=:)0:~:
puler. Now you can plug in any of the hundreds of 5100
OPTIONAL GRAPHICS MODE: includes 34 Greek & math characters plus 30 special graphics cards available. ORDER A SPECIAL-PRICE
characters ... ASCII ENCODED KEYBOARD: 56 key/128 characters.
SMARTERM-80 ... DISPLAY FORMAT: 80 characters by 24 lines or 40 characters by 16 lines
0 LevelB kit . $49.95 plus $2 P&l."
0 5100 bus connectors (two required}
EXPLORER/85 PAK- THERE'S
~~~o~i~~~~~ 1. 82~?.11. t7~ea~~;.sp~f~~S~3~~e~rc2aos~: ~~,~~nr,a:;~~ 1. 1. 0 ' JI~Egog.u~2~T~~~- postpaid
LEVEL C - Add still mor~
ONE FOR EVERY NEED.
PP {EIA RS-170) . EDITING FEATURES: inserttdelete line. insert/delete character. for- computing power: this "build-
ward/back tab . LINE OR PAGE TRANSMIT PAGE PRINT FUNCTION CURSOR POSI- ing block" mounts directly on D BcJillller Pak (Save $26.00) - You Rei Level A (Ter-
TIONING : up, down , right, left. plus absolute cursor positioning with read back ... VISUAL the motherboard and expands minal Version) with Monitor Source UstinR ($25 value)
ATIRIB.UTES: underline, blink, reverse video, half intensity. & blank .. GRAPHICS: 12.000 the S100 bus to six slots AP-1. 5-amp. power supply. lntel808S Users Manual
~~~~~ ~~s~ci~tion ~+~ct ~:~:~~~~ ~~~dh~~sa.ll o~~;~~R~E~rf:~_'TJJf~Jr:J~~ 11 c~:r~~~~~ f~t, 0 Level C kit .. $39.95 plus $2
P&l."
IRe_~! . 5199.95) SPECIAL $169.95 plus $4 P&l .
0 bperimeater Pak (Save SS3.40) - You gel Level A
(Hex Keypad/Display Version) with Hex Keypad /
~CJ'CK1 ~B~s~R P~~mA~UcJ6~ffiol_t~gRso2~'o~E~61;~ ~~~RES~SCIIB~~'t~~~D
D S100 bus connecto rs (five
required) $4.85 each. Display. Intel 8085 User Manual. I..Rvel A Hex Monitor
KEYBOARD: 56 key/128 character 4K ON BOARD ROM COMPLETE WITH POWER postpaid . Source Listing. and AP-1 ,5-amp. power supply (ReR
SUPPLY. $279.95) SPECIAL S219.95 plus S6 P&l.
LEVEL D- When you reach the point in learning that re- 0 Special Micro1oft BASIC Pak (Save 5103.00)- You Rei
TELEPHONE MODEM 103 0/A ... FULL DUPLEX , FCC APPROVED . DATA RATE : 300 baud quires more memory. wf"' .,ff, 1wo choices: either add 4k Levels A (Terminal Version). 8 . D (4k RAM). E. Rk
... INTERFACE: AS232/C and TIY CONTROLS: talk/data switch (no need to connect and of a memory directly on 1h: mulherboard . or add 16k to Microsoft in ROM . 1ntel6085 User Manual . level A Moni -
disconnect phone), originate/answer switch on rear panel . NO POWER SUPPLY RE 64k of memory by means ot o1 single 5100 cant our famous tor Sou rce Listing. and AP-1. 5-amp. power supply
QUI RED. .. lAWs:
(ReR. S439.70) SPEC IAL S329.95 plus $7 P&l .
ASCII KEYBOARD ASCII3 . 56 KEY/128 CHARACTER ASCII
EN CODED ... UPPER & LOWER CAS E ... FULLY DE BOUNCED ~~: 1s~ ~~: ~~~~ETa~ ~~~~.:IA@s~-~ o_n _-~:~~95 p~~-~ ~v~l~dBa a~d~~:~;~ ~~~~;:;~:u 1t::~9~~~1~s (:1~~~~
2 KEY ROLLOVER ... POS OR NEG LOGIC WITH POS STROBE . ~ P&I" :O 32k5100"JAWS" . . S199.95plusSlP&I ":O 46k
REQUIRES + 5 & 12V DC (SU PPLIED FROM VIDEO BOARDS) 5100 "lAWS" . SZ49.95 plus $2 P&l" : O 64k 5100 Staner 8" Diak S1ttent ~-I ncludes l.Rvel A. B noppy disk
"JAWS" 1299.95 plus 52 P&l" . controller. one CDC R" disk-drive. two-drive cable. two
6~~~mT~~~'iJLLMN ~~~J"cLbiJP~~S~~~IBAU?o T~~CTOR FEED -
.........
- liiillfl~ LEVEL E- An important " huilding hlocl-.. it activates
the 8k ROM /EPROM space on the motherbo;~rd . Now just
5100 conner:tors : just add your own power supplies.
cabinets and hardware .. 0 (ReM. $1065.00} SPECIAL
.. UPPER/LOWER CASE ... INDUSTRY STANDARD RIBBONS .. S999.95 plus $13 P&l . . 0 32k Starler System. $1045,95
4 CHARACTER SIZES 9 BY 7 DOT MATRIX BIDIRECTIONAL plug in our 8k Microsoft BASIC or your own custom
programs plus $13 P&J. 0 4Rk Starter System. $1095.95 plus $13
PRINTING P&t . 0 64k Starter System. $1145.95 plus $13 P&f .
0 Level E kit . .. $5.95 plus .'iOc P&l.
Microsoft BASIC Ir s the lanRU<I!l'' lhal ;1llows you to 0 Add to any of above Explorer steel cabinet. AP-1 five
talk EnRlish to you r computer! It is av;1ilahle three ways: amp. power supply. l.Rvel C with two 5100 connectors.
Continental U.S.A. Credit Card Buyers Outside Connecticut 0 8kcassetle version of_Microsoft BASt< :: (n:l_juires Level disk drive cabinet and power supply. two suh-D connec-
a B and 12k of RAM mmimum: WI' su,luwst a 16k 5 100 tors for connecting your rrint~r and lr!rminal (Re~ .
CALL TOLL FREE 800-243-7428
" JAWS"- see above) . . $64..95 postp.1d
0 8k ROM versionofMiuosofl BASIC: ,requires Level B
$225.95\ SPECIAL S199.95 plu!-> S\3 P&l.
0 Complete 64K System Wired /lc Tested $1650.00
& Level E and 4k RAM: just plug into your I..Rve) E sockets. plus $26 P&t .
To Order From Connecticut Or For Tech. Assist. Call (203) 354-9375 0 Special! Comp lete Business Software P<1k (Save
We suggest either the 4k I..Rve\ DRAM expansion or a 16k
$625.00)- lncludes CP/M 2.2 Microsoft BASIC. General
NETRONICS R&D LTD. oept.Pe
:
S100_"JAWS._") ... S99.95 plus $2 P&l .
0 Dsk vers1on uf Microsoft BASIC: (requires I..Rvel B. LedRer. Accounts Receivable. Accounts Payable. Payroll
PackaRe . (ReR. $1325) SPECIAL 1699.95 postpaid.
32k of RAM. noppy disk coni roller. R" floppy disk drive)
333 Litchfield Road, New Milford, CT 06776
: SJ25 postpaid 'PIT/ st11nds for "f.Jfls/rlw: IT imumn1:1!... For Cmlr!ditm /If-
Please send the items checked below: TEXT EDITOR/ASSEMBLER - The editor/assembler dr:rs. tlnuhlr~ this 11mount.
is a so~t.ware tool (a prf1Rram) designed to simplify the task _,....,.-----:---~.....- - - -
0 COMPLETE FASTERM-64 TERMINAL (includes FASTVID-64 video board ~~;~~~= :~~~~~~-~~~ i~~:~~h~~r:.:s s::;~ 1':n":~; Continental Credit Card Buyers Outside Connecticut:
ASCII-3 keyboard, steel cabinet and power supply) . kit $199.95 plus $3 P&l
... wired & tested $249.95 plus $3 P&l ... graphics option: add $19.95 to ~~~~~ ~:o~~~~~~~~~~~e;~'%:. ~:r~~;~~~~~~~C:!k~~ TO 0 RD ER
each of above ~~:rn~s~r~~~:a7h!! t~:~~:;r;~~~: ~7 ~:=~~t~~~~~~~~i!~~
code intolhe computer-n!acbhle ohfect code. The editor/
Call Toll Free:
0 COMPLETE SMARTERM-80 TERMINAL (includes SMARTVID-80 video
board, ASCII-3 keyboard, steel cabinet and power supply) ... kit $299.95 plus ~Q~e!~~i~~~ram 1s availah\1' Pither in cassette or a 800-243-7 428
$3 P&l ... wired and tested $369.95 plus $3 P&l 0 Edilor /Ass ~mhler (Casselle vNo;lnn : requires Level
0 FASTVID-64 VIDEO BOARD (requires + 5 & 12V DC) ... kit $99.95 plus $3 " 8" and 8k (mm.) of RAM- WP soo~est IAk " JAWS"-
P&l ... graphics option add $19.95 ... wired & tested $129.95 plus $3 P&l see above) ... $59.95 plus S2 P&l. To Order From Connecticut,
0 Editor/Assembler (ROM \'l'rsion ~11pphed on an 5100
graphics option add $19.95 card: requires Level 8 and 4k RAM 1m.n l - we Su&Rest or For Technical Assistance,
0 SMARTVID-80 VIDEO BOARD (requires + 5 & +/12V DC) ... kit $199.95 either Level D or 16k " JAWS" ) $99.95 plus $2 P&t Call (203) 354-9375
*
plus $3 P&l ... wired & tested $249.95 plus $3 P&l 8'' FLOPPY DISK - A n!marlo.,1hiP " luuldinR block "
0 DELUXE STEEL TERMINAL CABINET ... $19.95 plus $3 P&l Add our 6" noppy disk when ynu nf'td fasll!r operation. CP/M is a reg . trademark of Digital Research
0 ASCII-3 KEYBOARD (requires + 5 & 12VDC) ... kit $69.95 plus $3 P&l more convenirmt proRram stora,l!f"'.jWrhap.~ a business ap-
plication. and access to the liter<~ll y thtu1~anfls of programs
wired and tested $89.95 plus $3 P&l and pro,l!ram languaRes availabl<' loda~ You simply plun (Ciipondmoil entircod) *
0 POWER SUPPLY (powers ASCII-3 keyboard & video boards) ... kit only
$19.95 plus $2 P&l ;~~r~:~~~~J ~~f~:~;a:~k sv~lm - it accepts al SEND ME THE ITEMS CHECKED ABOVE
0 ZENITH VIDEO MONITOR (high resolution green phosphor) ... wired & 0 6" Floppy Disk Drive . $499.95 plus 512 P&l. Total Enclosed (Conn. Residents add sales tax): s_ _
tested $149.95 plus $6 P&l bli~fP(;~~en~~~~~~a~dp~~::~;:p~~us $2,::~9~ plus Paid by
0 TELEPHONE MODEM MODEL 103 0/A . wired & tested $189.95 plus $3 SJ P&l. 0 Personal Check 0 Cashier's Check/Money Order
P&l 0 Drive Cables (set up for lwo drives) $25.00 plus
0 DOT MATRIX PRINTER Comet I ... wired & tested $299.95 plus $10 P&l $1 .50 P&l. 0 VISA 0 MASTER CARD (Bank No. - - - 1
0 RF MODULATOR MOD RF-1 ... kit only $8.95 plus $1 P&l ~d~!~~ss~~~!~.kd~:a~f~~:t~k;~;:~~~~~~~~~:a~~=~
0 3FT25 LEAD MODEM/TERMINAL OR PRINTER/TERMINAL CONNECTOR that Rive your Explorer/85 access to lhoosands of exislinR Acct. No - - - - - - - Exp. Dall! - - -
CABLE ... $14.95 ea plus $2 P&l CP/M-based programs . $150.00 postpaid.
NEED A POWER SUPPLY? c.. nsider our AP-1 . It can
For Canadian orders, double the postage . Conn. res. add sales tax. ~~~~1ft~~~~~e~~~~~~-~~snh:~:~.~h~i~~~~~x!!~~~~pfy): SiRnature _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Plu.~ the AP-I fits neally intn I he anractivf' Explorer steP!
cabinet (see below). Print Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Total Enclosed $ ,--------;::::-:::-:-:---;---:::;-:--~::-o---~-;-- 0 AP-t Power Suppl y kil (HV fti S amps)m deluxe st~l
0 Personal Check 0 Cashier's Check/Money Order ~a~~~ A ~~~~~~s~?P~~ ~~
0 VISA 0 MasterCard (Bank No. _ _ _ _ _ __ offer you choices: the least ex-
Add re s s - - - - - - - - - - - - -
BITS
or 25 fLm (1!1000 in.), a repeatability of
100 fLm, pen acceleration of 2 Gs, and
pen-down and pen-up velocities of35 and
50 cm/s, respectively. It uses either 8'/2 "
or 11" paper.
By Les Solomon One of the special features of the plot-
ter is the way it senses, picks and replaces
Accessories and Software its pens. It is aware at all times of which
pen to use, where to find it, and where to
I SUPPOSE many of you, as I do, keep
an eye out for new products that will
the Ramdisk for just the Atari 800. This
gives you 128K of memory that acts as a
return it. It can be programmed to select
from either of two pen groups at appro-
make your system more powerful or easi- high-speed disk drive. priate moments during a plot. The sys-
er to use. The SK8088 cpu board from If you are interested in communica- tem automatically caps and uncaps the
SKI Electronics is a good example. This tions, Axlon also has a personal commu- pens to keep the ink from drying out.
is a $329 dual-mode, 16-bit, S-100-bus, nication terminal. Measuring 15/ 8 " The 7470 uses Hewlett-Packard's mi-
board that plugs directly into your X 39/ 16 " X 63/ 4 " and weighing 11 oz., cro-grip drive system developed last year
present S-100 system and works in con- the handheld unit has a tactile keyboard for large-format printers. It avoids heavy
junction with your 8-bit cpu card. with 43 functional keys to provide 64 up- moving arms and paper transport drums
The 8-bit processor board acts as the per-case ASCII characters. The display and belts.The technique involves moving
bus controller. However, when 16-bit is a 16-character fluorescent indicator the paper in one direction (x axis) and the
software is loaded into the computer, and has a 220-character receive memory pen in the other (y axis). In this way, the
control passes to the SK8088. To avoid that permits scrolling. The terminal, inertia is minimized to include only the
taking away 8-bit software compatibility, called the Hotline, has a "cool" price of mass of the drawing medium and the pen.
the SKI board permits switching back to $400. The microgrip drive consists of two ro-
the 8-bit board when necessary. This is a You have probably noticed the in- tating metal grip wheels, which hold
technique of master/slave operation creased interest in semicmi.ductor non ro- each edge of the paper firmly against a
whereby a system of bus arbitration and tating memory ("semidisks"). They in- hard-rubber pinch wheel.
semiphores (flags) is used to switch cpu crease your system operational through- The microscopic points created in the
masters between cycles. put without impacting its operational paper by the wheels are used by the plot-
To take advantage of the full power of aspects. For example, the Magnolia In- ter for realigning and maintaining regis-
the system arrangement permitted on the visible Disk that I discussed last month is tration to ensure repeatability. This is
IEEE 696 (S-100 bus), the board imple- used in my Zenith 89 laboratory not found on similar plotters.
ments the full 24-bit addressing for a system-especially when performing The plotter uses an MC6802 micro-
16M-byte address range. It comes in a 5- some system or software tests. We load processor, has 8K bytes of ROM for stor-
MHz standard version, with an 8-MHz the software into this very high-speed ing all the plotting programs (including
upgrade available. You don't have to disk and reduce our overall access time. irregular-shape tables) and interfaces ei-
worry about getting rid of your 8-bit You do have to be careful, however, with ther through the HP-IB bus (IEEE-488)
memory either. The SK8088 works well, some software that expects everything to or RS-231 C, thus making it universal to
but slower, with 8-bit memory. However, be on the lowest defined system diskette, virtually any microcomputer currently
it takes two bus cycles for a 16-bit rather than the logged-in disk. Also you available.
transfer. have to be certain that your power supply I haven't had time yet to use the plotter
If you decide to get this board, be is solid, since a power drop-out will cause extensively, so a report on how well it
aware that it may not work with all so- you to loose valuable data on the works will have to wait till later.
called S-100 systems. The problem is in semi disk.
the implementation of the bus. In older Speaking of Software. With an in-
versions (Altair, Imsai) the bus is defined creasing emphasis on computer commu-
a great deal differently than in IEEE 696 nications, it is not surprising that soft-
conventions. In addition, these older ma- ware companies are rapidly getting on
chines have ground planes and power the communications bandwagon with
rails. So be sure you understand what many products. Many of them we have
you have before you buy a board. covered in the past. Recently, though, we
came across some interesting packages
Using RAM Storage. I recently ran developed by IE systems, Inc. to permit
across a company doing something I micros to speak to mainframes. All the
really considered significant with high- software works with standard protocols
speed RAM-using it for storage. The and greatly upgrades the state of the mi-
company, Axlon Inc., offers some very crocomputer communications art.
unique memory products, including One of these packages is the Bisync-80
Ramdisk, which is for the Apple or IBM group-designed to support synchro-
PC and has 320K bytes of 200-ns memo- nous communications between CP/M
ry and battery backup. The memory systems and IBM or similar hosts (any
functions like two 35-track floppy-disk system with bisync protocols). Features
drives and is compatible with the neces- include a user configuration module,
sary operating systems. The company hardware diagnostics, line trace, error
says the price is about the same as a dual checking, carriage control decoding and
floppy drive. flexible EBCDIC/ ASCII translation.
Axlon offers similar products for the Another package, the 80/3780, pro-
Atari, but the memory products are de- vides full IBM 2780/3780 emulation on
signed to plug into an available cartridge 8080, 8085 and Z80-based systems. This
slot. You have the choice of a Ramcram Parts breakdown of Hewlett-Packard's software costs $990. Note that you'll
to boost your Atari 400 or 800 to 48K or 7470 plotter shows simplicity of design. only need this package if you plan to op-
34
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
------------------------~o~uter.s~------------------------
erate in the IBM environment as a Re-
mote Job Entry (RJE) terminal. Typical-
ly, this implies short-haul (under 20 FOR MORE INFORMATION
miles) communication over dedicated For additional information on the products
metal or fiber-optic lines at speeds of mentioned here, contact the manufactur-
9600 baud and above. er directly:
More practical from the standpoint of
the microcomputer user, are asynchro- Axlon Inc.,
nous (character) communications. IE 170 N. Wolfe Rd.
supports 8080/8085, Z80 or 8088/8086 Sunnyvale, CA 94086
systems with at least 16:{( of RAM, one 408-730-0216
floppy CP/M or MSDOS and an asyn- Equipment Product Marketing
chronous serial port (Z80-SIO), 8251, 20705 Valleyu Green Dr.
8250,8274, NEC 7201, TMS 5501, or Cupertino, CA 95014
PMMI-103) for $495. 408-448-6111
Asynchronous communications is Hewlett-Packard Corp.
normally established over ordinary 3000 Hanover St.
phone lines using modems that transfer Palo Alto, CA 94304
data at rates of 110 to 1200 bps. Be aware 415-857-1501
though that, on dedicated short-haul Zenith ZT-1 communication terminal. IE Systems Inc.
lines, 19.2K baud is possible. Box 359, 98 Main St.
All of the IE's software is available on cursor, and special function keys. Like Newmarket, NH 03857
diskette preconfigured to yol.\r require- the Scanset, the ZT-1 is Bell-103 compat- 603-659-5891
ments. If you own a host computer such ible. It has a 300-baud modem, plugs into SKI Electronics
as a VAX, PDP-11 or DEClO or 20, IE any standard RJ-llC, 12C, or 13C jack, 3134 Woods Way
can support your communications needs supports pulse dialing, has NTSC com- San Jose, CA 95148'
for these mainframes also at prices from posite video (RS-170 compatible) and 408-274-3131
$1940 to $5940. provides a serial I/0 from 110 to 2400 Zenith Data Systems
Interestingly, many of the functions baud. In addition, it has an 8-bit 1000 Milwaukee Ave.
that take place in asynchronous commu- Centronics parallel port for printer Glenview, IL 60025
nications can be likened to a disk system. support. 312-391-8181
If you think of your communications set- Zenith has gone to a great deal of trou-
up as being like a diskette, with each de- ble in the firmware to provide single-key
vice scattered around the tracks (inter- dialing, sign-on, and all the necessary letters, financial records, travel infor-
leaved), you can get an idea of the communication functions. The user can mation-anything you can find out
functions of software that uses polling change the terminal's communication about your ancestors. The program uses
techniques. Incidentally, this is the tech- parameters, including word size, parity, this data to generate a pedigree chart,
nique used in networking software to al- and stop bits. Numbers can be added to and draws relationships between individ-
locate resources to the network and basi- the 26-slot directory. uals, how families intertwine, and traces
cally avoid collisiqf1S- all the vital statistics.
More Than a Game. Computer games Roots/ M is one of the best data-base
Communication Terminals. Because aren't always games in the truest sense. management systerns we have seen, and
low-cost communication is becoming in- Two that we recently ran across are it is very easy to use. The authors have
creasingly important; two companies are Roots/M from Commsoft (665 Maybell provided numerous well-planned help
offering specialized terminals. Tyro- Ave., Palo Alto, C::A 94306. Tel. 415-493- messages, and tips on finding out who
share, through Equipment Products 2184) for $124.95, and Unit Conversion you really are.
Marketing, has the Scanset Models 410 Master from Mako Data Products (1441- The Mako Data Unit conversion Mas-
at $495 and Model415 for $649. The first B N. Red Gum', Anaheim, CA 92806. ter is primarily designed to work with the
requires an external modem but provides . Tel. 714-632-8583) for $19.95. Both are Heath H-89 system, and uses its screen
automatic log-in, the second includes a written to operate under CP/M and can attributes to good advantage. What
built-in modem, automatic dialer, and be used with virtually any terminal. makes this package exciting is that you
automatic log-in. The Roots-M package is a unique pro- can enter length, volume, acceleration,
Both models take up one square foot of gram designed to help you trace your mass, etc. in whatever units your origin!
desk space, have a 9" diagonal screen family tree. It comes with an extremely data is given and then determine the cor-
with 24 lines by 40 or 80 characters, and well-written manual with illustrations rect conversion to the units of any other
have limited graphics capability. The ter- that not only explains the software but system (including cgs). Over 18,000 pos-
minals were built by the French firm describes genealogy in general. sible conversions are at your fingertips.
Matra and they use Cermatek modems The software works by using a series of The package is not really a game, and it
and filters. fill-in screens for entering pertinent strips away uncertainty when dealing
Each terminal has six multi-function data-marital and blood relationships, with unfamiliar units or unwieldy data. <>
keys and permits up to 12 user-defined
tasks to be assigned to the programmable
keys. The autodialer feature allows dial-
ing up to 36 numbers stored in the termi-
nal's battery-supplied CMOS memory. The Ax/on Ramdisk
User menus guide the process and a built- offers 200-ns
in speal<.er lets you know the line status. access and 320K
Unfortunately, Matra uses a small key- bytes of storage
board with flat button keys, making the for Apples
system almost unusable as a true data-en- and/BMPCs.
try terminal.
Offering similar capability but with a
full-size keyboard and modular ap-
proach is the Zenith Data Systems ZT -1
communication terminal. Priced at $695,
the ZT -1 is housed in a keyboard with 63
fqnctions-26 alphabetic, 10 numeric, 4
AUGUST1982 35
HEATH/ZENITH
AGIANT STEP AHEAD IN
Computer power, printer speed, Winchester Disk System
hard disk storage- all in one system. The 67 Disk System features one hard disk and one
The three elements you need for smooth, rapid data handling 8-inch , soft-sectored floppy for total on-line storage of
are together now in one Heath / Zenith system. For word 10.782 megabytes (formatted) . That's a huge data base .
processing, business and financial applications, or custom The floppy is double-sided, double-density and can also
programming- this is the performance standard evolving in operate in single-sided or single-density modes, compatible
computer technology. It's what you expect from a strong with standard IBM 3740 format.
partner. The 67 features write-protect switches for both drives to
prevent accidental erasure of information. The average
All-ln-One Computer access time of the hard disk drive is 70 milliseconds.
The heart of the system is the Heath /Zenith 89 Computer,
a complete, stand-alone unit with professional keyboard, High-speed printer
smart video terminal and 5%-inch disk drive.lt's easy to use The Heath /Zenith 25 Printer is a heavy-duty, high-speed,
for people having little or no experience- yet it can also dot matrix printer that gives you sharp, clear printouts. It
run extended languages like BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN prints over 150 characters per second with whisper-quiet
and Pascal. smoothness.
The 89 comes with 48K bytes RAM , expandable to 64K. The entire 95-character ASCII set prints in uppercase and
It has two Z80 microprocessors, one for computer functions, lower case with descenders, in a 9 x 9 matrix. Also, 33 block
one for terminal functions. And three serial I/ O ports for graphic characters let you create graphs and charts. All
interface with printers and modem . functions and timing are microprocessor-controlled.
The video display features a 12-inch diagonal, high- It uses standard edge-punched papers and features a
resolution CRT that's easy on the eyes . It displays up to convenient cartridge ribbon for easy, no-mess replacement.
2,000 characters at a time, 241ines (plus 25th status line)
by 80 characters, with full cursor control. Also 33 block
graphic characters for charts and graphs.
The heavy-duty keyboard follows standard typewriter format
for easy operator training. All terminal functions are pro-
grammable from keyboard or 1/0 ports.
The 5%-inch floppy diskette stores 100K bytes of infor-
mation and interfaces on line with the Heath /Zenith 67
Hard Disk System.
MICROCOMPUTERS-
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Versatile software and accessories Visit Your Heathkit Electronic Center*
The Heath/Zenith System offers you a choice of operating where Heath /Zenith Products are displayed, sold and serviced.
systems, including popular CP/M . PHOENIX, AZ INDIANAPOLIS, IN CINCINNATI. OH
2727 W Indian School Rd. 2112 E. 62nd St. 10133 Springfield Pike.
There are programs for word processing, business appli- 602-279-624 7 . 317-257-4321 Woodlawn
cations, and versatile utility functions. And the Heath User's TUCSON , AZ MISSION, KS 513-771-8850
Group offers a library of over 500 low-cost programs for 7109 E. Broadway 5960 Lamar Ave. CLEVELAND, OH
602-885-6773 913-362-4486 28100 Chagrin Blvd .
home, work or play. ANAHEIM, CA LOUISVILLE, KY 216-292-7553
330 E. Ball Rd . 12401 Shelbyville Rd . COLUMBUS, OH
For your custom programs, Microsoft languages are avail- 714-776-9420 502-245-7811 2500 Morse Rd .
able in BASIC (compiler and interpreter), FORTRAN and CAMPBELL, CA KENNER, LA 614-4 75-7200
COBOL. Or learn to write and run your own programs with 2350 S Bascom Ave. 1900 Veterans TOLEDO, OH
408-377-8920 Memorial Hwy. 48 S. Byrne Rd .
special self-study programming courses for Assembly, El CERRITO , CA 504-467-6321 419-537-1887
BASIC, Pascal or COBOL. 6000 Potrero Ave . BALTIMORE, MD OKLAHOMA CITY, OK
415-236-8870 1713 E. Joppa Rd . 2727 Northwesl
LA MESA, CA 301-661-4446 Expressway
Free demonstration awaits you at . 8363 Center Dr ROCKVILLE, MD 405-848-7593
714-461-0110 5542 Nicholson Lane FRAZER, PA
your Heathkit Electronic Center LOS ANGELES, CA 30l-88l-S420 630 lancaster Pike
2309 S. Flower St. PEABODY, MA (Rt.30)
Pick the store nearest you from the-list at right. And stop 213-749-0261 242 Andover St 215-647-5555
in today for a demonstration of a Heath/Zenith system. POMONA , CA 617-531-9330 PHILADELPHIA , PA
If you can't get to a st<;>re, send for our new, FREE Heath/ 1555 N. Orange Grove Ave WELLESLEY, MA 6318 Roosevelt Blvd.
714-623-3543 165 Worcester Ave. 215-288-0180
Zenith Computer Catalog -with the latest, most advanced REDWOOD CITY, CA 617-237-1510 PITTSBURGH, PA
hardware and software available . Write to Heath Co., 2001 Middlefield Rd . DETROIT, Ml 3482 Wm . Penn Hwy
415-365-8155 18645 W. Eight Mile Rd . 412-824-3564
Dept. 010-924, Benton Harbor, Ml49022.
SACRAMENTO, CA 313-535-6480 WARWICK,RI
1860 Fulton Ave . E. DETROIT, Ml 558 Greenwich Ave
916-486-1575 18149 E. Eight Mile Rd 401-738-5150
WOODLAND HILLS, CA 313-772-0416 DALLAS, TX
22504 Ventura Blvd. HOPKINS, MN 2715 Ross Ave .
213-883-0531 101 Shady Oak Rd . 214-826-4053
DENVER , CO 612-938-6371 FORT WORTH , TX
5940 W. 38th Ave. ST. PAUL, MN 6825-A Green Oaks Rd.
303-422-3408 1645 White Bear Ave 817-737-8822
AVON, CT 612-778-1211 HOUSTON, TX
395 W. Main St. (Rt. 44) BRIDGETON, MO 1704 W. Loop N.
713-869-5263
203-678-0323 3794 McKelvey Rd .
FT. LAUDERDALE , Fl 314-291-1850 SAN ANTONIO, TX
7173 W. Broward Blvd. OMAHA, NE 7111 Blanco Road
Plantation 512-341-8876
305-791-7300 9207 Maple St. MIDVALE, UT
402-391-2071
58 East 7200 South
HIALEAH, Fl ASBURY PARK, NJ 801-566-4626
4705 W 16th Ave . 1013 State Hwy. 35
305-823-2280 201-775-1231 ALEXANDRIA, VA
6201 Richmond Hwy.
JACKSONVILLE, Fl FAIR LAWN, NJ 703-765-5515
8262 Arlington Expwy. 35 _07 Broadway (Rt. 4)
904 ' 725 ' 4554 201-791-6935 VIRGINIA BEACH, VA
1055 Independen ce Blvd
TAMPA, Fl AMHERST, NY 804-460-0997
4019 W. Hillsborough Ave . 3476 Sheridan Dr.
813-886-2541 716-835-3090 SEATTLE , WA
ATLANTA, GA 505 8th Ave. N.
5285 Roswell Rd . JERICHO , l.L NY 206-682-2172
404-252-4341 15 Jericho Turnpike TUKWILA,WA
HONOLULU, HI 516-334-8181 15439 53rd Ave . S.
98-1254 Kaahumanu St., ROCHESTER , NY 206-246-5358
Pearl City 937 Jefferson Rd . MILWAUKEE, WI
808-487-0029 716-424-2560 5215 W Fond du Lac
CHICAGO , Il N. WHITE PLAINS, NY 414-873-8250
3462-66 W. Devon Ave. 7 Reservoir Rd . Units of Veritechnology
312-583-3920 914-761-7690 Electronics Corporation in
the U.S Prices , specifica
DOWNERS GROVE, ll GREENSBORO , NC tions and product availability
224 Ogden Ave . 4620-C W Market St sub1ect to change without
312-852-1304 919-299-5390 notice
HEATH/ZENITH
Your strong partner
CIRCLE NO. 22 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
CP-201R1
A Marine Long Range
Navigation Tool
by Ken Englert
Microprocessor technology lowers prices 20-fold and reduces
equipment size. Here's how Loran-e pinpoints locations many hundreds
of miles from a coast line, plus an equipment buyer's guide.
40 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Loran-e
M IX the serious boating enthusi-
ast's need for accurate navigation
~hen out of sight of a coastline with to-
day's electronics, and you get a minor
miracle called Loran-e (Long Range Aid
to Navigation). And with equipment
prices down from $20,000 to under
$1000, you don't have to be a wealthy
yachtsman to enjoy its benefits.
AUGUST 1982 41
Loran-e
/
- -
PULSE ENVELOPE SHAPE
r"
1 2 e-21/65: tIN MICROSECONDS
I
......
tio sbj
..r'.!\
v ~ v vv v vv
~ v
CYCLE ZERO
CROSSING TO BE
IDENTIFIED AND
TRACKED
7 lJ
Fig. 3. Composition of
a single Loran-G pulse.
(Courtesy Texas Instruments)
tage of its stable and predictable propa- signal, designated "X," are not transmit- er recognizes, tracks and processes that
gation characteristics and relatively long ted until the master pulse group has com- signal, using Texas Instrument's TI-9000
range (typically, 800 to 1200 nautical pleted its transmission. Similar time de- as a representative model.
miles). lays place the second (Y) and third (Z) Figure 6 is a block diagram of the TI-
Each station in the Loran chain trans- secondary signals in their respective po- 9000 receiver. An accompanying flow
mits a series of pulses of specific number sitions in the GRI sequence. At that chart shows the sequence of what is tak-
and duration (a single Loran pulse is point, the master station begins to re- ing place inside the receiver.
shown in Fig. 3). The master and second- broadcast its signal and the sequence is The first thing that happens when you
ary stations in any Loran chain transmit repeated. The spacing between the pulse switch the set on is that you trigger a sys-
groups of these pulses and form a com- groups varies according to the Loran re- tem self-check and a processing routine
bined Loran chain signal at a specific ceiver's location within a given Loran called RESET. The RESET function has
GRI (Group Repetition Interval). The chain. four tasks to perform: (1) checking the
master station signal requires 10,000 J-LS Figure 5 shows many lines of position ROMs; (2) checking the RAMs; (3) ini-
for transmission, while each secondary formed by plotting points where the TDs tializing the RAMs for Broadband
requires 8000 J-LS. The master station of the received signals ofM and X are the Search; and (4) waiting for you to enter
pulse group is made up of 8 pulses with a same. By plotting a series of LOPs be- the GRI for the Loran chain in your area
1000-J-LS spacing between them, followed tween the master and each of its second- via the receiver's front panel keyboard.
by a ninth pulse with a 2000-J-LS spacing aries, we create a grid-like overlay on a At the end of the initial RESET se-
from the eighth pulse. Secondary station chart for the area of interest. This is the quence, and before you enter your GRI
pulse groups can be recognized by eight actual Loran chart. (an interval of approximately two sec-
pulses spaced 1000 J-LS apart. onds), the receiver's display will show all
Figure 4 shows a typical Loran GRI How a Loran Receiver Works. Now "8s," showing it is ready for operation.
made up of one master and three second- that we have a good idea of how a Loran After the GRI has been entered, the set
ary transmitter signals. Notice that the system works and what the signal looks immediately goes into Broadband Search
pulses forming the first secondary station like, let's discuss how an on-board receiv- and starts to look for signals from the
~ ~
1\ 1\
I \ I \
~
TDX
~
~~
AMPLITUDES SHOWN .ARE
I
TYPICAL FOR LOCATIONS
IN THE CHAIN COVERAGE
TDY AREA,
1000 JJSEC
TDZ
Fig. 4. The received Loran-G signal Group Repetition Interval. (Courtesy Texas Instruments)
42 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Loran-e
master and secondary stations from your
selected GRI. The input into the anten-
na's preamplifier consists of a 100-kHz r-
f pulse train. The r-f power supply board
takes the 100-kHz signal, processes it
through a narrowband filter, and pro-
duces a digital output consisting of r-f
Out and Envelope (ENV) Out signals. (As
its name implies, the power-supply sec-
tion of the r-f!Power Supply Board also
takes the 11-to-16-V de input and creates
AUGUST1982 43
Loran-C
both stations. The significance of this Selecting a Loran Receiver. Variety is jective and should be considered with
line is that the use ofTD LOPs on or near an understatement when describing all your particular needs in mind.
the baseline extension will adversely af- the new models of Loran-C receivers Since you need two TD readings to de-
fect your accuracy since a relatively large available today. Here are some guidelines termine your position, a Loran that has a
distance will produce a relatively small to help you make an intelligent selection. dual readout is easiest to use. Less-expen-
change in a displayed TD. For good precision, your Loran should sive models employ a single TD read-
TD crossing angles (formed when two read-out in at least six digits. The dis- out- alternating readings every couple
TO LOPs cross on a chart) also affect ac- plays themselves come in several basic of seconds. Other single-readout models
curacy. Your reading will be most accu- types including incandescent, fluores- display the last few digits of two TD
rate when the angle is 90, and less accu- cent, gas discharge, LED, LCD, and readouts (since the first few digits will
rate the further you get from 90. even a CRT. That choice is mostly sub- 'hot change in a given area anyway).
44 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Loran-e
ANTENNA
PREAMPLIFIER
ASSEMBLY A300
..J
r,.._----+--+---
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I RF/PS
BOARD
AOOO PROCESSOR B
I
I +5 V DC
I
I
I +180 VDC
I
L _ _ _ _ _ =._j
11 - 16 VDC INPUT
Notch filters are important-the more chases, as the notch filters may not have the most welcome and useful feat that
fil ters, the better. In Loran, electrical been set for the interfering noise frequen- some top-of-the-line equipment can ac-
noise interference is your mortal enemy. cies in your area. This can mean all the complish. This feature is particularly
A notch filter "notches out," or reduces difference between having a set you can helpful in fringe ares where Loran lines
noise to a manageable level. While all Lo- use and one you can't. If you are plan- have not been fully plotted, or if a full set
ran-C systems have internal notch filters, ning long-distance cruising, you should of charts with Loran-CLOP overlays are
others have the additional flexibility of consider getting adjustable front-panel not on-hand.
external units on the control panel. The notch filters. The additional external fil- Other new tricks that the more sophis-
latter are operator adjustable. The fixed ters complement the noise suppression of ticated models can perform include:
filters are set specifically for the predom- the internal filters and give you some Calculating the speed and course
inant interfering noise frequency in your control over local noise conditions. from your last position or waypoint.
region. The adjustable filters are to help A remote or second station is not usu- Estimating the time at a given speed
compensate for noise interference when ally necessary on most boats, but models to your next waypoint.
cruising in other areas. A note of warning are available that will drive a remote dis- Registering the amount of error
when buying a model that features inter- play if you have the desire or need. (called cross-track error) in distance and
nal or fixed notch filters: Shy away from Direct readout conversion from TDs direction while traveling between two
mail-order or other out-of-the-area pur- to latitude and longitude heads the list as waypoints.
AUGUST 1982 45
Loran-e
BUYER'S GUIDE-LORAN-C RECEIVERS
Manufacturer Price No. ofTD Display Lat./Long. No. of Ext. Steer Inter- Computes
and ($) (LOP) type readout waypoints notch R/L faces naviga-
Model Displays In memory filt. Ind. with tional
auto- data
pilot
MANUFACTURERS' ADDRESSES
Datamarine International, Inc. Morrow Seatron Marine Electronics
53 Portside Dr. 4740 Ridge Dr. N.E. 4312 Main St.
Pocasset, MA 02559 P.O. Box 7078 Philadelphia, PA 191 27
Digital Marine Electronics Corp. Salem, OR 97303 Simrad, Inc.
(Northstar) Navidyne Corp. 2215 N.W. Market St.
30 Sudbury Rd. 11824 Fishing Point Dr. Seattle, WA 98107
Acton, MA 01720 Newport News, VA 23606 SiTex
Epsco Marine Nautical Electronics Co. (Nelco) St. Petersburg/Clearwater Airport
411 Providence Highway 7095 Milford Industrial Rd. P.O. Box 6700
Westwood, MA 02090 Baltimore, MD 21208 Clearwater, FL 33518
Furuno USA Racal Decca SRD Labs
271 Harbor Way P.O. BoxG 381 McCiincey Ln.
So. San Francisco, CA 94080 # 1 Commerce Blvd. Campbell, CA 95008
Micrologic Palm Coast, FL 32037 Texas Instruments
20801 Dearborn St. Ray-Jefferson . P.O. Box 405, MS3438
Chatsworth, CA 91311 Main & Cotton Streets 2501 S. Highway 121
Mleco Philadelphia, PA 191 27 Lewisville, TX 75067
109 Beaver Ct. Raytheon Company Trimble Navigation
Cockeysville, MD 21030 676 Island Pond Rd. 1077 Independence Ave.
Manchester, NH 03103 Mountain View, CA 94043
46 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Loran-e
SAVE!
MONEY TIME FREIGHT
~QUALITY STEREO EQUIPMENT
0 0 0 .AUTOI 1 AT LOWEST PRICES.
~YOUR REQUEST FOR QUOTA-
HOD-ill TION RETURNED SAME DAY.
1
8 OllliOllll
o 17~r9.r~CJ~ BANK CARDS ACCEPTED
Minus Cycle Low T rack Blink Decimal
Sign 10 SNR Only F ilter Point
12 East Delaware
Chicago, Illinois 60611
312-664-0020
Status Indicators 800-621-8042
Photo at top shows location of controls and indicators on the. CIRCLE NO. 24 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
T/-9000. The diagram below explains the various digital readouts.
Put Professional Knowledge and a
saving thermostat into your heating ture-sensing reed switch are required to gy-saving thermostat to a furnace that
system is to find out how much current make a complete energy-saving system. requires less than 375 rnA of control
flows through your present thermostat . Now measure the resistance of your current. Be sure to use # 18 thermostat
You can look up this information, but thermostat's heat anticipator. With the wire when making connections. Locate
it's preferable to take measurements. wires to the thermostat disconnected, switch SJ near your present thermostat
To measure the current, you will set the thermostat as high as It will go, and label it N ORMA L when it is closed
need an ac milliammeter that can read making sure the contacts close. Con- and E N E R G Y-S A VING when open. The
to 1000 rnA. Disconnect the two wires nect an ohmmeter across the thermo- temperature-sensing reed swi tch, S2,
from your thermostat and connect the stat's terminals and make a note of the can be mounted either riext to the old
meter's leads to these wires. Make a measured resistance. This resistance we thermostat or in an area of the house
note of the current. If it is less than 375 will call Rl. where freezing could be especially dam-
rnA, only a spst switch and a tempera- Figure lA shows how to add an ener- aging while you're away.
Most, but not all, oil and gas furnaces use ponents of the furnace are not shown.) causes a spark and the oil ignites. Not
low-voltage (24 V ac) thermostat control The operation of a typical oil-fired fur- mentioned are the many safety-related
systems. Figure A shows a simplified wir- . nace is simple. When the temperature of circuits such as flame detector, oil-over-
ing diagram of a typical oil-fired furnace. the thermostat drops below its setting, the flow detector, overheat controls, etc.
T1 is a 24-V transformer and TH1 is a low- contacts close and 24 V ac is applied to A grossly oversimplified wiring diagram
voltage thermostat with an adjustable K1's coil. With its coil energized, Kt pulls that is typical of either a gas or oil furnace
heat anticipator (resistance R1) . Relay K1 its contacts closed and line voltage is ap- is shown in Fig. B. Here L 1 is either a 24-V
has normally open contacts and a 24-V ac plied to the motor and T2. The motor Mt relay or control-valve operator. T1 and
coil. The oil-pump motor and ignition then starts pumping oil, while T2 steps up TH1 are exactly the same as before. (For
transformer T21ead to the spark gap. (Nu- the voltage to between 10,000 and 12,000 simplicity, the furnaces's other electrical
merous safety-related circuits and com- V. The high voltage from T2's secondary parts are not shown.)
AUGUST1982 49
The operation of the device is simple. thermostat, it is best to have S2 control probably not needed in most systems
When S1 is closed, the circuit operates a relay instead of controlling L1 direct- and its use is optional. To be on the con-
exactly as it did originally-52 is by- ly. This insures a long life for S2 . The servative side, however, it it recom-
passed and only thermostat TH1 con- relay will then control L1. Figure 1B mended that R *be placed in series with
trols the valve operator L1. When S1 is shows a suitable circuit for this. LJ.)
in the ENERGY-SAVING position, 52 In addition to relay K1, Fig. 1B When connecting K 1 to the furnace's
controls L1 because TH l's contacts shows optional resistor R *.This is a 12- circuit, make sure you use #18 thermo-
will always be closed in the temperature W or larger unit whose resistance is stat wire. Mount K 1 in the same general
range of interest, which is 35 to 40F. equal to that of the thermostat's heat area as the furnace's other electrical
If you find that more than 375 rnA anticipator R1. (R *limits Ll's current parts. As before, label S1 NORMAL
normally flows through your present to the same value it was originally. R *is when closed and ENERGY-SAVING
when open. Relay K 1 can be any type
having a 24-V ac coil that draws less
than 375 rnA and has normally open
contacts with a 2-A or higher rating.
r-----l)l Now, with S1 in the NORMAL posi-
! l'~-~ !
tion, only TH 1 controls K 1. The reason
is that S2's contacts are only closed
tl
I
when the temperature approaches
,.,11+ ~l :.;-.~;;;,--J
freezing-which we assume never hap-
pens when S1 is in the NORMAL posi-
~ tion (except for a power outage or fur-
ENERGY Fig. 2. Wiring for a three-wire nace failure). With S1 in the E NERGY-
sAviNG thermostat system when current SAVING position, TH 1 is disconnected
is less than 375 mA. from the circuit and only S2 controls
1- .!'c K 1. When K 1 's coil is energized, its
contacts are pulled closed, 24 V is ap-
plied to L1 and the furnace starts up.
The wiring diagrams shown in Fig. 1
pertain to 2-wire heating thermostat
circuits as well as most newer types of
heating/cooling thermostat circuits
with 3, 4 or 5 wires. However, if you
have a 3-wire, 24-V ac heating thermo-
stat (rare today) that controls less than
375 rnA, you can't use either circuit.
Fig. 3. Freeze-proof But, don' t despair! You can easily con-
electric heater control. struct an energy-saving thermostat. See
Fig. 2. The only significant change
from Fig. lA is that a dpdt switch is
used instead of the spst type.
PARTS LIST (Fig. 3)
The best place to mount the tempera-
K1--6-V ac (12 ohms or more) relay, 5-A 52-Freeze sensor (MCI TS-5B19. See ture-sensing reed switch is close to your
normally open contacts (Potter & Parts List for Fig. 1) present thermostat. In addition to
Brumfield KA5A Y-6VAC or T1-6.3-V ac transformer
equivalent) Misc.-Electric heater (see text),
economizing on wire, this location will
K2-120-V ac power relay, 15-A contacts electric plug, # 14 wire, solder probably save the most energy since it is
(Potter & Brumfield PRD1AY0-120VAC screws, etc. usually centrally located. Be careful,
or equivalent) though! While the furnace will keep the
area in the vicinity of the sensor well
above freezing, some critical regions,
usually located near an outside wall,
may fall below freezing on a bitter cold
night.
To be on the safe side, locate S2 in a
S2
c critical area. A good place would be
Sl Fig. 4. Circuit for an audible near a water pipe that has caused trou-
frost-alert system. ble in the past. AcTually, you can place
as many sensors around the house as
you like. By doing this, the circuit will
PARTS LI$T {Fig. 4) continually monitor all areas that can
be damaged by freezing. The furnace
A1-9-V solid-state mini-buzzer S1-Spst switch (optional) will go on whenever one sensor gets
(Sonalert) 52-Freeze sensor (MCI TS-5B19L. See cold enough. (When wiring additional
B 1-9-V battery Parts List for Fig. 1) sensors into the circuit, be sure to con-
nect them in parallel.)
50 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
HOW A TEMPERATURE-SENSING REED SWITCH WORKS
m:H~
MAGN<:TS
A
~
B
A temperature-sensing reed switch con- The freeze sensor we are particularly in- peratures below 125c (257.F).
sists of a rhodium-contact reed switch terested in is the TS-5B19 manufactured Though the switches are used primarily
hermetically sealed in glass, two perma- by Midwest Components, Inc. (Muskegon, as freeze sensors here, the ferrite materi
nent magnets that surround the glass, and Ml). It is a temperature-sensing reed al can have a wide range of Curie tem-
a ferrite ring sandwiched between the peratures from -1 oc to 25oc.
magnets (Fig. A). The switch depends on
the interaction of the magnets and the fer- Characteristics of the TS-5819. Most
rite for its operation. factory-run TS-5B19's have a trip point
The ferrite ring is the temperature-sens- near 39F. MCI guarantees that all TS-
ing component of the device. It is magnet- 5B 19's will close their contacts before the
ic below its Curie temperature but non- temperature drops to 1c (33.8F) and will
magnetic above it. (The Curie temper- not close before 7"C (44.6.F). Note that all
ature of a ferrite material is the temper- trip points assume falling temperatures.
ature above which the ferrite's ability to The rising temperature trip point is several
conduct flux is severely reduced.) To get degrees hig~er.
some idea of how temperature affects the The TS-5B19 series of sensors have
sensor, refer to Fig. B. Here the tempera- contacts rated at 10 W or 12 VA maxi-
ture is below the ferrite's Curie tempera- mum. Maximum voltage is 100 V de or 120
ture and thus the ferrite is magnetic. No- Temperature-sensing reed switches. V ac. The contacts can carry up to 1 A but
tice how the magnetic flux lines travel have only a Y2-A "make" rating. The maxi-
easily through the ferrite. Since the ferrite mum recommended operating tempera-
is magnetic, the magnetic field in the area ture is 257"F.
of the contacts is sufficient in strength to All temperature-sensing reed switches
keep them closed. are magnetic in nature. Because of this.
Now assume the sensor is heated so some precaution should be taken when
that the ferrite exceeds its Curie tempera- locating most kinds, including the freeze
ture (Fig. C). The warmed-up ferrite is now sensor. The switches should be kept at
nonmagnetic and its reluctance increases least Va" from any iron or steel and at least
dramatically. Because of its high reluc- 4" from any magnetic-field producing de
tance, the ferrite cannot easily conduct vice (i.e. magnet, transformer, motor. so-
lines of flux. This results in a reduction in lenoid, similar sensors, etc.). It is also rec-
magnetic field strength near the reed ommended that the leads not be cut.
switch's contacts. Since the magnetic Metal-packaged freeze sensor. However, bending is okay. If these pre-
force holding the contacts closed has now cautions aren't followed, the trip point will
weakened substantially, the contacts switch with ferrite material that has a Curie be changed.
open. (Note that since the ferrite is now temperature of approximately 39F. These The sensors are completely water-
nonmagnetic, it is eliminated from the sensors come in metal or plastic pack- proof. Additionally, gasoline, motor oil,
drawing.) When the ferrite cools to below ages. The metal-packaged sensor can calcium chloride, or Freon has no effect
its Curie temperature, it becomes magnet- withstand temperatures as high as 4ooc on them. However, alcohol, strong sulfuric
ic again. The magnetic field increases, so (750'F), while the less-expensive plastic- acid, and some other chemicals will de-
the contacts close once again. packaged model is limited to use with tern- stroy plastic-packaged models.
A Freeze-Proof Room. Some people the area is sufficiently insulated and rel- able from surplus electronics stores.
have a small storage building or small atively small, it can be kept freeze-proof Relay Kl has normally open contacts
room in an unheated garage that is un- quite economically by using a 120-V, rated at 5 A and its coil is rated at 6 V,
suitable for storing items that must be U.L. electric heater in conjunction with 500 rnA ac (or less). Relay K2 can be
kept from freezing. Also, some utility a control like the one shown in Fig. 3. any 120-V ac power relay that has con-
rooms or even half-baths are left un- This control is also suitable for keeping tacts rated at 15 A or more. Be sure to
heated to economize. On a bitter cold a small greenhouse frost-free. use# 14 U.L. wire in this circuit. This
night, this can lead to frozen and In Fig. 3, Tl is an inexpensive 6.3-V type of circuit, with some modifications
cracked pipes and other problems. If ac filament transformer typically avail- (such as replacing K2 with a heavy-
AUGUST1982 51
duty relay that has dpst contacts), can tor control and continuous air circula-
be used to control a 240-V ac electric tion to your warm-air heating system.
ENERGY SAVING heater.
AROUND THE COUNTRY Circuit Operation. The heart of the
A Simple, Reliable Frost Alarm. Of- revised blower-motor control is a triac.
Average Average Average
ten, one would simply like to be alerted A triac is a three-electrode semicon-
heating wintertime wintertime
degree heating heating to the fact that the temperature has ductor device that is triggered into con-
days savings by savings by dropped close to freezing. A typical ap- duction in response to a gate signal. The
using 38'F using 38'F plication would be a frost alert for a action of a triac is similar to that of a sil-
Instead Instead of garden. The temperature-sensing reed icon-controlled recti'fier (SCR), except
o154'F 68'F switch can be placed in the garden to that it can conduct current in both di-
NORTHEAST sound an alarm when frost threatens. rections, as required in an ac circuit. As
Boston 6000 40-45% 80-90% The simplicity of the circuit is shown shown in the schematic (Fig. 1), a sig-
Cleveland 6154 40-45% 8().90%
in Fig. 4. In addition to the sensor, a 9- nal is applied to the gate of the triac
New York 5000 45-50% 85-95%
V battery and a solid-sta'te buzzer are through a thermister and diac D2. (A
NORTH CENTRAL
Chicago 6300 40-45% 60-85% all that are required. Switch Sl is op- diac is a solid-state trigger device that
Detroit '6325 40-45% 80-85% tional. Locate the sensor as close as has a breakdown voltage similar to that
Minneapolis 6310 35-40% 60-85% possible to the plants you want to pro- of a zener diode, except that it works in
MIDSOUTH tect. The sensor can simply be set on the either direction.)
louisville 4640 4550% 85-95% ground, if desired. An RC time constant composed of
St.louis 4750 45-50% 90-95% Another possible use of this circuit is thermistor TCRJ and capacitor C4 pre-
Washington, DC 4211 45-55% 9095% as a freeze detector for unheated base- vents the triac from delivering power to
SOUTH
ments or in some simple solar hot-water the motor for part of each half cycle of
Atlanta 3095 50-100% 90-100%
Dallas 2290 55100% 90100%
systems. Since current only flows in the the 117-V ac waveform. When plenum
Memphis 3227 4595% 90-95% circuit when a freeze threatens, battery temperature is low, TCRJ has a high re-
WEST life should exceed one year. sistance. This lengthens the time re-
Albuquerque 4292 45-50% 90-95% The table at left shows how much quired for the voltage to increase suffi-
Anchorage 10,911 30-35% 50-80% you might expect to save in heating bills ciently to trigger the triac into
Salt lake City 5983 40-45% 80-90% by using the methods described here. It conduction through D2. When plenum
Seattle 5185 45-100% 85100% depends, of course, on where you live temperature is high, the triac is trig-
Spokane 6835 40-45% 80-85% and how far down you set your gered into conduction earlier in the cy-
thermostat . 0 cle, resulting in more power being de-
livered to the motor and higher
operating speed.
A second trigger circuit, composed
Triac Motor Control of R2, C3, and diacDJ, is used to en's ure
that the motor operates at a minimum
for Warm-Air speed regardless of the temperature
(and resistance) of the thermistor. A
Systems Reduces minimum blower speed is necessary
since the furnace cannot operate with a
~~L---~~
TRIAC
SCI42B metal part of the furnace when install-
ing the pc board. .
T RIAC s Inductor Ll can be easily con struct-
~~ ?:
117VAC
ed by winding about 15 turns of #20
enamel wire on a wood or plastic 3/ 8" -
1 2G NOT
diameter form . The inductance of LJ is
POLARIZED not critical, but do not use wire of
smaller gauge since Ll must be able to
carry the full load current of the blower
motor without overheating. The same
Fig. 1. The blower-motor control circuit is based on the use of a triac. caution applies to the foil pattern which
is shown in Fig. 2. Be sure to keep the
conductive paths to the triac wide (as
ill us trated).
F, 200-V tvbula.r capacitor S1..llt.Spst'switch The pc board can be mounted inside
F, 200-V ttibular capacitor TCRt-200-kilohm at 250C thermistor the furnace where the other electrical
C3,V4--u..J"'J>Iit', 200-V tubular or disc ~KeystGne Part Nm,RL 1004-104550- controls are located. The schematic di-
capacitor '155D1. ot efil!4lvalent) agram and printed-circuit layout are
01.,02~ 58 mao Of equivalent T.Fia<rSC142S &r similar marked with the letters AC, B, S, and
U-1 0 5-A cboke J$ee text) Not#:' TI:Je following are available from T, which will help you identify connec-
1'11---82-ohm. 'lf4;W. 1G<yOcoornpositi.on sfl, 69 White Pond tions to the external parts of the circuit.
resistof Cl(, Nil 07U3: pc bOard Run a pair of wires for the thermistor
R2...._500-~lohm, pC-MOLIRtpotentiom~ter at$3.50; dlacs at
A$-4.7kilohm, Y+'.N, iO% composition ~rm~tor at $5.110.
from the "T" terminals on the pc board
.resistor e $0.58 (pr poetage. up to a convenient place on the plen11m
where the thermistor can readily sertse
temperature changes. Drill a small hole
in the plenum sheet metal to insert the
thermistor so that the air flow will pass
over it. Be sure to insulate the thermis-
tor and its connections so that no possi-
ble short-circuit to the metal parts of
the furnace can occur.
If this should happen, the pc board or
its components could be destroyed. Do
not cover the head of the thermistor
with insulation, since this will tend to
make the component less sensitive to
the changing temperature of the
plenum.
AUGUST 1982 53
cuit components from overloads.
The meter is calibrated directly in
TO
BLOWER watts, assuming 117 V on the power
line and a basically resistive load. If the
appliance being tested consists of a mo-
tor with a light inductive load, divide
the readings by 1.1. To obtain current
Fig. 3. Use this guide to assemble in amperes, divide the reading by 117.
the components on the pc board.
Construction. The unit can fit com-
fortably in a 5" x 3" x 6" plastic cabinet.
(Do not use a metal cabinet for safety
reasons.) Cut a 1 Ys" round hole in the
front of the cabinet for the panel meter,
using the template provided with the
meter. (An easy way to cut this hole is
with a nibbler tool.) Then cut another
heat. Now, as the furnace hears up and Ideally, the blower will continue to hole in the front for switch Sl and three
the blower comes on, the blower speed operate at minimum speed until the holes in the back of the cabinet for sock-
will automatically increase as the ple- thermostat turns the burner on again. ets SOl, S02, and the ac power cable.
num temperature rises. Conversely, This continuous air circulation will Put a rubber grommet into the hole to
when the thermostat shuts the burner greatly enhance the comfort level of protect the cable insulation. Then in-
off, the blower speed will decrease as your home, and will help you conserve stall two tie-down terminal strips. Keep
the plenum cools. heating fuel too. <> all resistors away from cabinet walls as
the resistors may get hot.
The next step is to pry off t)le front
cover of the panel meter and replace the
dial. Remove the two Phillips screws
and dial, being careful not to damage
the pointer. Cut the new dial from .Fig.
1 and glue it over the old dial. Then re-
assemble the panel meter. Wire the re-
Power Meter Keeps sistors and zener diodes as shown in
Fig. 2.
Tabs of How Much Setup and Use. Plug the Power Meter
..
~200
--~ ~ Fig. 2. Schematic of a solar charger
red). A fully charged lead-acid battery anti-reflective coating and will generate present some difficulties. Try to avoid
will survive - 50 F without freezing. power even when the sun is close to the reheating a grid line more than two or
T his is an important consideration for horizon (high incidence angle). three times as the exotic metals- in the
vehicles left outdoors and unused for Examine the grid pattern on the sen- grid can flow into the solder and away
long periods during the winter. sitive surface of the cells, and look for a from the cell. Perform all soldering op-
T he trickle charger will bring a low lot of small grid lines that radiate out erations on a piece of white paper as the
auto battery up to a full charge with from a common point or common bus. hot cells can pick up dirt that might not
about eight hours of full sun and will The less efficient cells have only three come off after cooling.
not interfere with automotive voltage- or four thick grid lines. Some solar cells lend themselves
regulation circuits. Avoid cells without a solder plating nicely to the oven soldering technique.
on the rear. Broken solar cells can be re- The 50-, 100-, and 150-mA cells are ide-
Acquiring Solar Cells. A great many paired, but it requires patience and a al for this. Deposit a small drop of sol-
mail-order houses have solar cells in steady hand. der at the point of contact on the back
their catalogs. Some of these cells are side, and a small solder trail on the
factory-fresh, others are edge cuts left Construction Hints. Solar cells are main grid line on the front. Arrange a
over when square cells are cut from manufactured in high-temperature ov- group of 6, 8, or 10 cells in the bottom
round silicon wafers, and still others ens, so they are not bothered by solder- of a Pyrex cake dish so they overlap at
are rejects that do not deliver 100% of ing-iron temperatures. Use irons of 25 the points of contact. Then put the dish
their rated power. Real bargains are to 60 W, and don't press down on the in a household kitchen oven (not a mi-
available, but it is a good idea to always delicate cells. Soldering on the back crowave), set at 500 to 550F, and allow
test every cell. A 100-W light bulb, (positive contact) is usually only a mat- it to " bake" for about 20 minutes.
placed 6 to 8 inches above a cell, should ter of applying enough heat to make a The solder will reflow and make a
generate 0.45 tb 0.52 V and at least shiny solder puddle, not a dull, gray very good electrical and mechanical
25% of the cell's rated current. blob. Solder time is usually about 10 connection. Let the dish and solar array
Unless you intend to provide a solid seconds, although reheating is no cool down befo~e removal from the
mount for your cell arrays, try to avoid problem. oven in case the solder is still liquid. If
. cells that are mechanically weak. Also, Soldering on the grid pattern of the the cell array sticks to the dish, use a lit-
stick to blue/ gray cells, as these have an active side (negative contact) can tle alcohol or acetone to dissolve the
AUGUST 1982 57
50
OUTPUT IN FULL SUNLIGHT
... 40
e Fig. 3. Using a /ow-power solar charger
l'130 OUTPUT WITH 50% SUNLIGHT On a digifaf meter having a 750-fnA
...z current requirement. The device is seldom
~20
0: used so the 50-mA output is adequate.
:::> DUE TO BATTERY
<.> 10 INTERNAL RESISTANCE ETC, OUTPUT..___.,_
DOES NOT REACH FULL VOLTAGE l
0 .7 3 6 9 12 15
VOLTAGE AT BATTERY
CINCLUDES DROP ACROSS 01)
81-12-V deep-cycle marine battery 51-Spst switch Mounting Solar Cells. Cells should be
D1-D5-IN4005 diode (or similar) 5C1-SC36-600-mA solar cells positioned by laminating the groups of
06-12-V, 50-W zener diode (ECG5254 Note: A complete kit of parts, Including tested cells to anything relatively rigid,
or similar) solar cells, diode, LED, etc., is avail- such as 3/8" plywood or 3/64" alumi-
F1,F2-1.5-to-3-A fuse able (No. 600-12111) at $385. Also
LED1-20-mf>. red light emitting diode num sheet. Give the surface a couple of
available separately Is the 60o-mA
PS1-Weatherproof photo switch for 12- solar cell (No. 60o-1) at $10.60 each. thick coats of clear plastic resin (clear
Vsystem See Fig. 1 for ordering Information. fiberglass resin is available at hobby,
boat, or auto-body shops), and allow to
set.
Then add a third coat. While it is still
wet, fit the assembled and tested solar
cell array in place. Finally, paint on
three or more coats of plastic resin to
TOUCH TO
_ ........--1......................._..::... g~~~~~~~nELL completely encapsulate the cells, hook-
IN STR ING up wire, diodes, and LED. This makes
the entire package corrosion-resistant.
If you are mounting onto metal, the
plastic will insulate the cells.
Fig. 5. Test circuit can be used with groups There are many companies that
of five to 500 cells and outputs of 10 mA to 1A. make available silicon photovoltaic
cells for solar-power use, including Ra-
PARTS LIST (Fig. 5) dio Shack and Edmund Scientific (Bar-
rington, NJ). Also, the parts list in-
D1-D4-IN4001 diode (or similar) LED1-20-mA red light emitting diode cludes a supply source for parts used in
the projects presented here. 0
58
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Select 5 fact-filled books
for only $2 95 (total value up to $99.75)
List $17.95
FREE
When
you
JOin ...
1350 List $3.50
List $15.95 List $16.95
't%'-''~~'''''"'''''''''~''~''-'''''''-'"'~''-'''"'''-''-'''-'r''"''''m@''''''''-'-'''''-'-\~'<''"'''''''~'''@'-'''''~''%'' '"'''''''"''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''-''-'-''@''''''-''''''''"''"'''-''""''''-"'''"'''' ' ' ' ' '-'-' -' ' -' -' -.:' ' .--------------------,
7 very good reasons to try 1 Q TrJfl []nn(JlJtflr ljuu~ []lurJ 1
The Computer Book Club 1 ~Blue Ridge summit, PA 17214 I
Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214 I Please accept my membership in The Computer Book Club I
Reduced Member Prices. Save up to 75 % on books sure to 1 and send the 5 volumes circled below, plus a free copy of
"Computerist's Handy Manual". I understand the cost of I1
increase your know-how
Satisfaction Guaranteed. All books returnable within 10
I the books selected is $2.95 (plus shipping/handling). If not
days without obligation 1 satisfied, I may return the books within ten days without I
Club News Bulletins. All about current selections- mains, I obligation and have my membership cancelled. I agree to I
alternates, extras-plus bonus offers. Comes 13 times a year 1 purchase 4 or more books at reduced Club p. rices during the
next 12 months, and may resign any time thereafter.
I
with dozens of up-to-the-minute titles you can pick from
"Automatic Order." Do nothing, and the Main selection I 334 336 337 338 984 1000 1050 1088 1141 I
will be shipped automatically! But . . . if you want an 1 1160 1183 1205 1251 1276 1277 1295 1316 1
Alternate-or no books at all-we'll follow the instructions I 1332 1350 1370 1380 1391 1394 1396 1397 1406 I
you give on the reply form provided with every News
Bulletin 1 Name Phone I
Continuing Benefits. Get a Dividend Certificate with every 1 Address 1
book purchased after fulfilling membership obligation , and
qualify for discounts on many other volumes I City I
Extra Bonuses. Take advantage of added-value promo- 1 State Zip I
tions , plus special discounts on software, games, and more,
ExceptionaI Qua Iity. A II b ook s are first-rate pu bl is h er s
I (Valid for new members only. Foreign and Canada add 20%. Orders outside U.S.
1
editions, filled with up-to-the-minute info L or Canada must be prepaid with international money orders in U.S. dollars.)
This order subject to acceptance by The Computer Book Club PECC-882 .I
AUGUST 1982 CiRCLE NO. 44 ON FREE INFORMATiON CARD
------------------- 59
A 16-BT
MATH PACKAGE
FOR ELF
COMPUTERS
Software provides all basic mathematic functions
and operations on a minimum 1802-cpu configuration
BY R.S. FITZGERALD
60 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
math package
sponding to the function desired. F or ex-
ample, the recommended calling pro-
STACK OPERATION-A REVIEW cedure for the multiply function is shown
Shown here are some pictorial repre- NOS An acronym for Next On in Table III.
sentations of various stack operations Stack. This refers to the sec- At this point, it will be instructive to
such as PUSH, POP, and all of the opera- ond data item on the stack. refer again to "Stack Operations- A Re-
tions performed by " MATH 16." Each box Stack view." The illustrations show what hap-
on the stacks in the drawing represents Pointer The register that is used as a pens when the various arithmetic opera-
one data item or two bytes. Remember pointer to reference data
that the stack pointer is left pointing at the items on the stack. Denoted
tions are performed. As you can see,
next available byte on the stack. For refer- AX in the 1802. some of the functions operate on only one
ence purposes, here are the terms PUSH To PUSH an item on the stack number (ABS, and NEG), while others op-
involved. means to add another item to erate on two numbers. Both types will be
the stack and adjust the stack discussed.
Term Meaning pointer so that it is pointing at The one-operand functions take their
LIFO The computer analogy to a the next available byte. A operand from TOS, perform the selected
Stack pile of dishes. The last item PUSH causes the stack to operation on that number, and return the
(plate) to be placed on the "grow" toward address 0000. result to TOS. With these functions, the
stack (pile) will be the first one STXD (73) is used in the 1802
to PUSH data.
stack neither grows nor shrinks.
removed, hence the name
Last In First Out Stack. Most POP The opposite of PUSH. The The function NEG replaces TOS with
often, the LIFO is omitted. lAX (60), LDXA (72) instruc- the negativ\! of itself. As an example,
TOS An acronym for Top Of Stack. tion sequence is used to im- 0001 becomes FFFF ( -1 in two's com-
This name refers to the data plement this function. plement notation). ABS will return the
item that has been most re- absolute value of TOS. If the TOS con-
cently placed on the stack. tains FFFE (- 2) before the call to ABS is
OPERATION STACK BEFORE STACK AFTER made, the value after ABS has been called
will be 0002.
~SP~
PUSH A The two-operand functions take both
of their operands from the stack and re-
SP-t:j ~ turn the result to the old NOS. The stack
pointer is then adjusted so that the old
next on-stack (NOS) becomes the new
SP~ \---rl
POP TOS (that is, the stack shrinks by 2
bytes). Care must be taken if some inter-
TOS t=::t=j SP--b=:j mediate result on the stack needs to be
saved for a later operation since the stack
pointer is modified and NOS is overwrit-
SP~SP
ASS ten by the new TOS. A good place to save
r these intermediate results is in RC be-
~ TOS ABS( A) cause it is not modified by any of the
"MATH 16" operations. Actually, the
only registers that "MATH 16" deals
SP~SP~
NEG with are: R2, R 3 , R4, RD, RE, and RF.
As the name implies, ADD will sum
~~ TOS and NOS. As with all of the two-op-
erand functions, the stack pointer will
end up pointing two bytes higher than
when it started out (SP = SP + 2).
~-
ADO
The func tion SUB will subtract TOS
S
TOS P.A SP A from NOS. If you are really short on
NOS B TOS B+A . memory space, the SUB routine can be de-
leted. This same function can be achieved
by a call to NEG, then to ADD. This saves
SP~? ~?
SUB 11 bytes.
The subroutine MUL computes the
TOS A SP A product of the unsigned numbers at T OS
NOS B TOS B-A and NOS. The fact that unsigned num-
bers are used means that a result ofFFFF
spg?
does not indicate a result of - 1 as might
MUL be expected. Rather, it indicates a result
of 65535.
TOS A S P - A*B ( HIGH) As with the multiply subroutine, DIY
NOS B TOS A* B (LO W) operates on unsigned numbers. In this
case, the operand at NOS is divided by
sp?
the operand at TOS. Since all of the sub-
DIV
routines operate on integers, no fractions
can be obtained with DIY. T he division
?
TOS A SP- 2 *rem
routine does not check for division by
NOS B TOS B/A
zero. This condition must be avoided for
DIY to produce meaningful results.
(Continued on page 6 6)
AUGUST1982
I
CAll MATCH.
NTS HOME TRAINING INVITES YOU TO EXPLORE MICROCOMPUTERS,
DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND MORE, WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART EQUIPMENT
YOU ASSEMBLE AND KEEP.
Without question, microcomputers are the Send for the full color catalog in the elec-
state of the art in electronics. And NTS is the tronics area of your choice-discover all the
only home study school that offers you advantages of home study with NTS!
training for this booming field with a choice NTS also offers courses in Auto Mechanics,
of 3 production-model micro computers. Air Conditioning and Home Appliances. Check
We'll explain the principles of trouble- card for more information.
shooting and testing your microcomputer and,
best of a II, we'll show you how to
program it to do what you want.
You'll use a digital multimeter, a
digital logic probe and other
sophisticated testing
gear to learn how to
localize problems
and solve
them.
We
believe
that training
on production-
model equipment,
rather than home-made learning devices,
makes home study more exciting and rele-
vant. That's why you'll find such gear in
most of NTS's electronic programs.
For instance, to learn Color TV Ser~
vicing you'll build and keep the 25"
(diagonal) NTS/HEATH digital color TV
In Communications Electronics
you'll be able to assemble and keep
your own NTS/HEATH 2-meter FM
transceiver, plus test equipment.
But no matter which program you
choose, NTS's Project Method of instruction
helps you quickly acquire practical know-how.
Simulated TV Receprion 4.
3. The NTS/Heath HN-89A Microcomputer
features floppy disk storage, "smart" video
terminal, two Z80 microprocessors, with
32K RAM Memory, expandable to 64K on
board. 4. The NTS/Heath GR 2001 Digital
3. Color TV (25" diagonal) features
specialized AGC-SYNC muting , filtered
color and new solid-state high vo ltage
tripler rectifier.
;;all NATIONAL
nil; TECHNICAL
Lll=:il SCHOOLS
TECHNICAL TRADE TRAINING SINCE 1 9 0 5
Resident and Home- Study Schools
Apt. _ _ _ _ City _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
~-----------------~-------------------
Here's math package________________________________
why we're
Number Name Function Call Address
One.
When it comes to logic
SUB
ADD
MUL
DIY
Subtraction
Addition
Multiplication
Division
70
7B
98
C3
probes, more people buy ABS Absolute Value 86
Global Specialties. Because NEG Negation 8D
no one can match us for value.
Our four logically-priced
probes-including our
remarkable new 150 M Hz
ECL-deliver more speed,
accuracy, flexibility and
reliability than others costing
considerably more! So why
compromise? Discover Address Contents Mnemonic Comments
for yourself why we're N F898 LDI A(MUL) .SET UP SUBROUTINE
the number-one N+2 A4 PLO R4 .PROGRAM COUNTER
logical choice! N+3 04 SEP R4 .CALL MULTIPLY FUNCTION
It is interesting to note that the multi- two numbers. using "MATH 16." Note
ply and divide subroutines have some that the least-significant byte of a 16-bit
nice features which have not yet been number is stored at address X, while the
mentioned. The multiply routine actual- most-significant byte is stored at address
ly performs a 32-bit multiplication, but x-1. This convention is used
the stack pointer is adjusted, upon exit, throughout.
to point at the least-significant 16 bits of After this routine is executed, the new
the product. If you desire a 32-bit prod- TOS will contain 2710, which is 10000 in
uct, simply decrement the stack pointer decimal notation.
twice by including two DEC R 2 instruc- "MATH 16" does have some limita-
tions in your driver routine after the call tions, such as error checking and integer-
to MUL. only arithmetic. But it can still provide
The divide subroutine, on the other one with a powerful tool for the 1802
hand, only operates on 16-bit numbers. system. 0
However, if the stack pointer is decre-
mented by 2 after the division operation,
the number on the TOS is two times the SOFTWARE AVAILABILITY
remainder of the previous division. The
true remainder can be obtained either by The following are available from the
Standard LP-1, $50.00~ with memory Softek Co., Box 4232, Santa Fe, NM
-captures pulses to 50 nsec, shifting this number right one bit or by
87501 : A documented source listing of
10 MHz, guaranteed. pushing a word of 0002 on the stack and "MATH 16" plus several sample applica-
Economy LP-2, $32 .00', to 50 nsec, calling the divide subroutine again. tions of the package for $2.50 (item MATH
1.5 MHz.
High-speed LP-3, $7700~ with 16S), and a quick-reference guide for the
memory, guaranteed to 10 nsec Applied Example. The program seg- 1802 cpu 's instructions and respective
(6 nsec, typical), 50 MHz! ment in Table IV shows how to multiply opcodes for $1 (item 18020).
New ECL LP-4, $150 .00*, the new
industry standard-with memory,
guaranteed to 4 nsec (2 nsec, typical),
150 MHzl
GLOBAL Address
N
Contents
F8E8
Mmemonic
LDIE8
Comments
.PUSH THE
SPECIALTIES N+2
N+3
N+5
73
F803
73
STXD
LDI 03
STXD
.DECIMAL NUMBER
.10000NTO
.THE STACK
CORPORATION N+6 F80A LDIOA .PUSH THE
70 fulton !err New Haven. CT 06509 (203)624 -3103 TWX 710-465-1227
OTHER OFFICES San francisco (415)648-0611 TWX 910-372-7992
N+8 73 STXD .DECIMAL NUMBER
Europe Phone Sallron-Walden 0799-21682 TLX 817477 N+9 F800 LDI 00 .10 ONTO
Canada Len Finkler ~ld Oownsview. Ontar io
N+11 73 STXD .THE STACK
Call toll-free for details N+12
N+14
F898
A4
LDI A(MUL)
PLOR4
.SET R4 EQUAL TO
.MUL ENTRY POINT
1-800-243-6077
During business hou rs
N+15 04
00
SEPR4 .GALL MULTIPLY
N+16 IDL .HALT
"Suggested US resale Pr1ces speclca!IOnssutliectto change wi thout nohce
0Copyrght1981 Global Specalhes Corpora!lon
Part 2
AUGUST 1982 67
11ooo o
EPROM PROGRAMMER loooooo
IC-2
00000000000
00000
"'0"0w 0
tv~
0
0 0 0 DS
12V B Y R G
0 0
0
r-:l.oooo
"""
0
'
68 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
eprom
EPROM PROGRAMMER
ooooooooooo
o -s:-
s c; *
0
:~
a0
0
0
Fig. 7. Foil patterns for the
double-sided pc board are .shown
on opposite page, while
component layout is
above and at right.
AUGUST 1982 69
eprom
We Beat TABLE Ill-PROGRAM AND READ SEQUENCE
- .....' ' ..
' n '
~ ~
.,
'~ ~
;(PC0-PC3)
.... ..... . .
~ ~-
---.~~~.. _~
; In this example 4 MSBs = o'101 (5 from EPROM address)
LD A,OlH ;set EPROM address A8
NEW HP-87... . $1889 OUT
LD
(OFBH) ,A
A,02H
;by setting 8255 I/O line PCO
;reset EPROM address A9
5Y."DUAL MASTER DISK DRIVE ..... . $1595 OUT (OFBH),A ;by r eseting 8255 I/O line PC!
HP-7470 PLOTTER ... . ........ . . . ..... $1245 LD A,05H ;set EPROM address AlO
5 MEG. WINCHESTER HARD DISK ... . $3599 ;by setting 8255 I/O line PC2
OUT (OFBH) ,A
5 MEG. WIN. w/5Y."DD.SD FLOPPY .. .. $4399
LD A,06H ;reset EPROM address All
APPLE II PLUS 48K. . .............. . .. CALL OUT (OFBH) ,A ;by r eseting 8255 I/O line PC3
APPLE Ill 128K .. . . .. . . . ............. CALL
NEC PC8001A 32K. . . .................. $849 Switch relay into PROGRAM mode
NEC PC8031 DUAL DISK.... .. ..... . . . . $849 LD A,OCH ;reset 8255 I/O line PC6 t o
SHARP PC1500 POCKET COMPUTER ... $249 OUT (OFBH),A ;switch relay to PROGRAM mode
SHARP CE150 FOUR COLOR PRinter. ... $215
SMITH-CORONA DAISYWHL. PRNTR.. $695
Enable EPROM programming
Tl CALCULATORS- Tl-5511 ........ . . . . $36 LD A,09H ; set 8255 I/O l i ne PC4 to
TIP BUSINESS ANALYSIS II .. .. .. . ..... $36 OUT (OFBH) ,A ;turn on switcha ble 25 . 5V
TIP.SSC ........ .. . .. ..... .. ....... ... . $79
TIP-59................................ $169 Output byte (e. g . E9H) of programming data to EPROM
TIP-100C . . ........................... $149 LD A,OE9H ;data output to 8255 Port B
OUT (OF9H) ,A
HP-41CV
w / Five times
$237 HP-41C
$189 Apply 5V programming pulse of 50 msec duration
more memory List. ~325 LD A,OBH ; se t 8255 I /O line PC5 to
HP-41CV PRINTER ... ..... . .. .. .. .. . . . $289 OUT (OFBH),A ;turn on switchable 5V
HP-41CV OPTIC.AL WAND ..... . ...... . $99
HP-41CV CARD READER. ... ...... .... $165 Enter 50 msec delay loop (not s hown here) and turn off
HP-821060A HPIL MODULE .. ... . ... . .. $99 programming pulse a f ter loop fa lls thru
HP-82161A DIGITAL CASSETTE DRIVE, $419 LD A,OAH ;reset 8255 I /O line PC5 t o
HP-82162A IL PRINTER ............ , .. $375
HP-41C/CV EXT. FUNC. MEM. MOD. . $62.75 OUT (OFBH),A ;turn off switchable 5V
HP-41C/CV EXTENDED MEM.MOD.. $62.75
HP TIME MODULE.... . ........ . .. .. $62.75 Disable EPROM programming mode
HP-11C . . ....... . ................. $107.95 LD A,08H ;reset 8255 I/O line PC4 to
HP-12C .... ........... . . ..... . .... $119.95 OUT (OFBH) , A ;turn off switchable 25.5V
READ SEQUENCE
Set up 8255 for READ operat ion
LD A,80H ;contro l byt e fo r READ mode
OUT (OFBH),A ;output i t to 8255 CONTROL port
Se t EPROM address as s h own a bove
R
I Formerly Personal Software I
the programming pulse. gramming buffer into the EP.ROM.
ersonal 1~151 47~6800 With the hardware assembly com- The programmed EPROM can be veri-
. Csystemsutnotce
plete and the software driver written, fied against the original programming
omputersu'::::c;~~~~:~_ge check-out of the EPROM Programmer buffer contents. If no errors are found,
can proceed by first loading the pro- your EPROM Programmer is checked
609 Butternut St. gramming buffer with data destined to out and ready for its next programming
Prices do ~ot P. 0 . Box 1073 reside in the EPROM. Often this data assignment. 0
include shippmg : Syracuse,N .Y.13201
AUGUST1982 71
--------------~--~----testequip~ent ________________________
72 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
of bi-directional data bus buffers. The
board connects to the Sinclair via gold-
plated fingers. Bare board is $33 (Cali-
fornia residents please add $1.95 tax).
Kit is $60 less voltage regulator.
Address: Computer Continuum, 301
16th Ave., San Francisco, CA 94118
(Tel: 415-752-6294).
CALCULATOR SAVINGS
(6!) =!~KL:~6 ~ IC
HP-11C Scientific .... '79.95
HP-12C Financial . . ... 114.95
HP-15C Progrmble .. . . 104.95 .... - ---
ECTS
, _ FOR
HP-16C Hexadecimal . . 117.95 '
HP-32E Scientific. . .... 44.95
HP-34C Progrmble .. 114.95 HP-85 Computer . .... 1979.00
HP-41C Alpha Prog .... 184.95 16K Memory/85 ....... 149.95
~~A _ M0siCIANS
HP-41CV Full Memory . 236.95 HP-87 Computer . . .. 1799.00
Port-X-Tender to 10 pts 169.95 32K Memory /87. . ... 229.95
82104A Card Reader ... 164.95 64K Memory /87.. . ... 349.95
82143A Printer ........ 284.95 128K Memory/87 ...... 619.95
~ow
~
82153A Wand .......... 92.95 CP/M Module/87 ...... 369.95
82160A HP-IL Module ... 94.95 Series 80 Modem . . ... 319.95 Even if you' an ohm from a volt, Craig
Anderto~ y ed and expanded book shows
: 0
:m~~ ~~~~te~~i~~~e ~:~~ ~~~ cDu~r~\:~ o; :1~~ :l:l you how to build 27 accessories that enh ance your
82163A TV Interface ... 229.95 82905B Dot Matrix Pr .. 619.00 sound and broaden your musical horizons.
82165A GPIO Interface . . Call 7470A 2-pen Plotter .. 1199.00 If you 're an o ld hand at musical electronics, you'll
821BOA Extnd Fnctns ... 62.95 4.6MB Winchester Dr . 3295.00 really appreciate that all of these processors, from
82181A Extnd Memory .. 62.95 9135A Winch/Floppy . 4295.00 Tube Sound Fuzz to Phase Shifter are compatible
82182A Time Module ... 62.95 2601A Daisywheel Pr . 2999.00 and work together without creating noise, signal loss,
Call_for low Prlca on all Acceaaorlea and Soflwar bandwidth compression or any of the other problems
Newl Texas Instruments Tl-88 Programmable . . . Call for Price common to interconnecting effects from different
Tl-55-l[ ... '42.95 TI-99/4A (inc I TV adapter) ...... . 299.95 manufacturers. There's even a complete chapter on
Tl-59 .... 169.95 Extended BASIC Module ........... 74.95 how to modify and combine effects to produce your
PC-100C .. 159.95 Call tor low prices on all TI-99/4A products. own custom pedal board.
LCD Prgrm 59.95 Geta20rebatefromTiwithTI-59purchase. Low cost project kits available from PAl A help make
even your first ex posure to electron ics a pleasant,
Sharp PC-1211 Computer, free cassette interface ..... '129.95 hassle-free experience and thanks to the sound sheet
CE-122 Cassette Interface/Printer . . . . . . . . 99.95 demo record bound into the book you know just how
PC-1500 Advanced Handheld Computer . . . . . 249.95
CE-150 Cassette lntrfc/ 4-color Printer-Plotter . .. 199.95 the completed device will sound before you even start.
CE-151 4K Memory Expansion tor PC-1500 . . .. .. . 64.95
CE-155 BK Memory Expansion for PC-1500 . . . . . 129.95
CHARGE TO VISA OR MC TOLL- FREE
~~:m~ ~~~d~~f3r~;'m~~~~~: ~~s~~~~s:: ::::: 1:~
Caato
1-800-654-8657 9AM to 5PM CST MON - FRI
FA-2 Cassette Interface for 602/702 . . 42.95
FP-10 Printer for 602/702 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.95 DfRECT INOUIRfES TO:
MT-31 Compact Musical Keyboard . . . . . . . ..... 134.95
MT-40 Keyboard with Bass and Rhythms
CT-401 Home Entertainment Keyboard .......... 449.95
CT-701 Advanced Electronic Organ with Memory 799.95
. 159.95
IDiA Electronics, Inc.
CT-1000P Polyphonic Synthesizer . . . . .... . ..... 579.95
Pearl- 5202 Microcassette Recorder, One Hour ........ 79.95
corder 5901 Two-speed, Two Hour Recorder ....... 99.95
SB01 Two-speed, Compact, Memory Rewind .... 139.95
X-01 Ultra-thin All Electronic . . . . .. . . 199.95
Ollvottt Praxis 35 Electronic Portable Typewriter ....... 459.95
We accept cashier's checks, money orders, VISA, and M/C. Personal checks
~~~;i;P,~~ ~od~~:~.~~~~sr~f~~n~~~ ~~~fe~; ~~d:!!~ra:~w~~i~S:kr;~:~
ORDER 800-421-5188 Outs;de
t I IIi!i
TOLL-FREE Information llniJ2131833-3282 CA, AK. HI
Tam's Inc, Dept PE-8
14932 Garfield Ave.
Paramount, CA 90723 Dept. SP. 1020 W. Wilshire Blvd .. Oklahoma City, OK 731 16
INCOAPOAATO 213 633-3262
CtRCLE NO. 37 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
CfRCLE NO. 45 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
--------------------------~o~uter.s~-------------------------
switches 10 lines, and Model A25 switch- Acoustic Modem. The Phone Link 86 is used. Address: Sante Clara Systems,
es 24lines of the RS232 interface. A 10 is Acoustic Modem is a low profile 300- 560 Division St., Campbell, CA 95008
$295, A25 is $345. Address: Advanced baud instrument that operates in both (Tel: 408-374-6972).
Systems Concepts, lp.c., POB Q, Altade- the answer and originate mode. It inter-
na, CA 91001 (Tel: 213-684-5461 or 794-
2308).
Computer
Rroducts &
WAREHOUSE
18 G ranite 5 1 Hav e rhtll. M a:>s 01 8 30
MAIL ORDERS
Bolo: 204 N e w l on _ N e w H ampshlft' 0 3858
Unlimited
ripherals TE L EP H O N E ORDER S
617/372-8637
S orry No C o llec t C al h
M a:; tercard & VI S A A c c tp t1 r1
540 Richard Street, Miamisburg, Ohio 45342
' - - - - - - - INSTITUTIONAL AND DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED-------'
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
--------------~~o~uter.s~-------------
and continuous display of all screens on Apple Graphics. The GPS (graphics
WE TAKE
one or two drives (30 pictures) with indi-
vidual control of timing. Unlabelled
processing system) for the Apple com-
puter creates, manipulates, and edits YOU BY
disks may be searched for presence and
names of hi-res screen files. Requires Ap-
ple II with ROM or Language Card, one
graphics similar to a word processor with
text. It features a grid that allows work to THE HAND!
You'll learn all about computers: how
or two drives, and DOS 3.3. $34.50 plus to build, program, service, even play TV
$1 handling. Address: Crow Ridge Asso- games-without knowing the first thing
ciates, P.O. Box 90, New Scotland, NY
12127 (Tel: 518-765-3620). about it!
of the original adventure game explores codes, hex-dec chart, control code cross Continental U.S.A Credit Card Buyers Outside Connecticut
the dangers, seeks the treasures, and reference, complete assembler details, CALL TOLL FREE 800243 7428
solves the puzzles of the Colossal Cave. It screen layout, and several more useful To Order From Connecticut or For Technical Assistance, Etc.,
is written in machine language and is en- items. In essence, a heavy manual has Call (203) 354-9375
hanced. $19.95 plus $2 shipping ($3 for been compressed to a few handy pages.
8") diskette. Address: Software Tool- Current issues cover all versions of the NETRONICS R&D LTD."''' PES
works, 14478 Glorietta Drive, Sherman TRS-80 and color BASIC. Upcoming 333 Litchfield Road, N ew Milford, CT 06776
Oaks, CA 91423 (Tel: 213-986-4885). versions will cover Apple, Commodore, Please send the items checked below:
Heath, Sinclair, Atari, and the Z80 ma- : 0 E LF II " Beginners" Kit oooo oooo oo $139.95
1 0 RF Modulator ........ . 00 S 8.95
00
Program Generator. Pearl III for chines. Address: Nanos Systems Corp.,
CP/M and the Zenith Z89 and Z90 cre- POB 24344, Speedway, IN 46224 (Tel: : Plus$3.00 [or postage, handling and insurance
317 -244-4078). ( $6.00 Canada)
ates an application program in CBASIC
with custom menus, data verified by type Connecticut Residents add sales tax
and length, custom reports, computa- ZX81 Games. A number of games for Total Enclosed $
tional capabilities, file sorting ability, the Sinclair ZX80/ZX81 including Su- 0 Persona) Check 0 Cashier's C heck/ Money Order
0 Visa 0 Master C harge (Bank No. )
and the ability to post journal files to a per Invasion, Wallbusters, Cyborg Wars,
master file. It is menu driven, and the Chess, Trek, etc., a Sinclair ZX81 BA- Acct. No. - - - - - - - - -- -- - -
Signature _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Exp. Date _ __
output can be modified at the source code SIC Course, plus a number of program-
Print
level. Comes on both 4\4 " and 8" ming and machine language guides are Name _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
diskettes. $650. Address: Zenith Data now available. Address: Softsync, Inc., Address - -- - - -- --------
Systems, 1000 Milwaukee Ave., Glen- POB 480, Murray Hill Stn, New York, City
view, IL 60025 (Tel: 312-391-8181). NY 10156 (Tel: 212-685-2080). 1 State Zip - - - - - - - -
AUGUST1982 L--------------------------J
Hire a
SOLID-st41E:
fast OC\IE:LOPME:NTS
thinker. PICs: Photonic Integrated Circuits
By Forrest M. Mims
PRICE- $450
(California residents add 6% sales tax)
OPTICAL ./
FIB ER / Fig. 2. Single-
chip laser
and detector.
76 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
solid-state developments
quire the two end mirrors of convention-
al lasers. Normally the end mirrors are
produced by cleaving the semiconductor
from which the laser is made along its
crystalline planes to produce perfectly
PRO'FEC'r
flat and parallel reflecting facets. This YOUR
procedure is not always possible when at-
tempting to integrate a laser onto a chip
along with other components.
One solution is a laser whose junction
region curves back toward one side of the
=
RCAVFT '749 COMMCIOOtfE VW:lO
R(AVFT 1 819 IHOmecomouten '139
also shown in Fig. I. In this laser the cor- '2.95
'2.79
RCA VGT
SONYSI..
SOfiiYSI..
0499
01049
0 579
ATAR1800 ((omo ut en
ATARI410 !Program Recoraen
ATAR1 Cli..S53 116K RAM MOOule!
'649
'79.90
084.90
:~!
'3.19 ATAR113D !ACOUStiC MOOernl 0 159.95
ATAR1850 unterface MOCiulel '114.90
ATAR18ll rrnermal Prntefl '169.90
portion of the chip. Like the DFB laser, AOOlTIONAL 5 o DISCOUNT ON
100 ()4:1 MORE ASSORTED TAPES PORTABLE VIDEO ATAR1810 IDISII DriVel
TIPHC-004 1Homecomoutefl
1449.90
'319
the DBR laser provides a very narrow RECORDERS SHARP PC1500 IComouten '119.95
VIDEO MOVIES t~~~8~1:
NCHW1650 NHSW Tunen '989 51-4ARPCE-150 1Printefl '179
PANASONIC PV520D !New POrt VHSI 0 799 PSONMlC-801Pr.nter. '419
spectral output and a structure that can starwars <Foxl
Private lH5on5 1M(AI
' 99.95
' 7Q.9S
PANASONIC PVSSOO INew POrt VHSI
ZENrTH VR9800 IBE'ta W Tunen
'919
'959
EPSONMlC1DD IPrintefl
COMMODORE HARDWARE
'"679
' 49 .9 5
RCAVGP1701NewPOrt VHSI
TOSHI8A V9035 1Beta w Tunerl
' 1019
0 899
JICACC011 1Camer;al
JVC GX-88 1c.amera1
JVCGX-68 ((
'889
'549
0 539
ATAitl CXL-4008 !Soace lf1Vi1Ciel"'il 0 36.90
ATAR1CX-4013 1AS!eroOSI 034..95
~
1 1/2 11 X 7/811 PANELS NOT INCLUDED
2 FOR $1.50 .9 1.0 1. 1 1. 2 1.3
10 FOR $7 . 00 SUBSTRATE IN CO MING WAVEL ENGTH
(MICRONS)
600 MFD 380 VOLT
3 3/ 4" HIGH X 1" OIA .
$1. 00 EA. 10 FOR $9 . 00
.----------v,
~ NOTE:* DENOTE S IND IUM GALLIUM AR SENIDE PHOSPHIDE t inGaAsP )
LA YERS. ALL OTHERS INDIUM PHOSPHIDE t inP )
750 MFD 330 VOLT USiir.ll!l~~$ 2 =METAL
...L
DE T TO R
Fig. 6. Single-chip
laser and
detector.
I~~~~~ I
materials to deflect beams of light. Sur-
face acoustic waves on a piezoelectric
substrate can even act as a tunable dif-
fraction grating that selectively reflects,
and hence filters, incoming wavelengths.
You can find out much more about r--------------,
PIC devices by spending a few hours at a I Mcintosh Laboratory, Inc .
East Side Staion P.O. Box 96
PE
I
good library. You might begin with a
three-part series on the subject that ap-
peared in the Bell Labs Record (Dec.
1980, Jan. 1981, and Feb. 1981). For a
SEND I
I
Binghamton, N.Y . 13904-0096
I NAME - - - - - - - -- - - - - - I
I
I
more detailed treatment, see "Compo-
nents for Optical Communications Sys-
tems: A Review," Proceedings of the
IEEE (June 1980). For a complete over-
TODAYI I ADDRESS
I CITY
I
STATE __ ZIP _ _ __ I
view, see "Future Looks Bright for Guid-
ed Wave Optics," High Technology
L--------------~
If you are in a hurry for your catalog please send the coupon to Mcintosh.
(Nov./Dec. 1981).. <> For non rush service send the Reader Service Card to the magazine .
r
--- ~- - - - ~- - - - - - - - -- -- ---
E:XPE:RIME:NTE:R'S
caNE:R By Forrest M. Mims
.
W E experime~ted with piezoelectric spark generators, mi-
crophones, and filters in Part 1 of this two-part series on
disc. The center mount permits the outer rim of the disc to vi-
brate, while the edge mount permits the entire disc to vibrate.
piezoelectric devices. This month, we'll discuss using piezoelec- Both of these methods permit the disc to vibrate across a range
tric alerters and quartz-crystal oscillators. of audio frequencies.
The nodal mount, also shown in Fig. 2, is best for a very-loud,
Piezoelectric Alerters. Crystal microphones and speakers single-frequency tone. The node of a piezo-alerter disc is a con-
are designed to operate across a wide band of audio frequencies. centric ring around the center of the disc at which vibration at a
Piezoelectric alerters, however, are generally designed to oper- fixed frequency is at a minimum (or even non-existent). Ideally,
ate at a fixed or relatively narrow audio-frequency band. They the diameter of the nodal ring is 0.55 times the diameter of the
are true solid-state sound sources. metal disc. The actual diameter, however, varies from the pre-
As far as I know, the first commercial piezo-alerter was the dicted value due to the presence of the piezoceramic disc and
Mallory Sonalert. Sonalerts are available in various kinds of nonuniformities in the metal disc.
housings having a range of audio outputs. Most include self- One way to find the actual location of the nodal ring is to
contained drive circuitry. sprinkle fine sand or powder on a piezo-alerter disc being driv-
I first purchased a Sonalert in 1966 and a few years later used en at a desired frequency by a suitable oscillator. The powder
it to measure the velocity of a model rocket in flight. The particles will gradually bounce into the nodal region and form a
Sonalert, a Model SC628 emitting a tone of 2.9 kHz, was in- thin, circular ring around the center of the disc.
stalled in the base of a model rocket. The rocket's engines were
installed in pods attached to its center tube. The sound from the Piezo-Aierter Driver Circuits. A piezo-alerter can be driven
Sonalert was tape recorded from the ground during the rocket's directly by a variable-frequency signal generator. Even alerters
flight. By measuring the doppler shift, it was possible to deter- having nodal-mounted discs can be operated across the audio
mine the rocket's velocity. spectrum, although edge- and center-mounted discs work best
across a wide band of audio frequencies.
Alerter Construction and Operation. Thanks to their minia- Figure 3 shows a simple, single~transistor driver for a piezo-
ture size, low current consumption, and penetrating sound, pi- alerter having a feedback terminal such as the model PKM11-
ezoelectric alerters are commonly used in digital watches, 6AO from muRata Corporation of America (1148 Franklin
clocks, smoke alarms, pagers, appliances, calculators and Rd., SE, Mariette, GA 30067). This alerter is also available
games. A typical alerter is a metal disc from 25 to 40 mm in di- from Radio Shack (catalog number 273-064).
ameter upon which is bonded a smaller disc of piezoceramic The PKM 11-6AO can be operated over a specified range of 3
material. A conductive film is deposited over the ceramic layer, to 15 V (mine_works pown to 1 V) and has a current consump-
and electrodes are attached to it and the metal disc. tion over this range of 2 to 12 rnA. Its output sound-pressure
Often alerter discs include a feedback electrode made by iso- level ranges from more than 80 dB at 3 V to more than 90 dB at
lating a small section of the metal film on the back of the 15 V. Its resonant frequency is within 700Hz of 6.5 kHz. It has
piezoceramic material. The feedback electrode, which is shown an operating temperature range of- 20o to + 60o C and weighs
in Fig. 1, simplifies the design of driver circuits and stabilizes only 1.5 grams.
the alerter's oscillation frequency . Piezo-alerter discs can be A test version of the circuit in Fig. 3 drove the alerter at a
purchased alone or installed in plastic holders complete with frequency of 6772Hz when Vcc was 3 V. This frequency is con-
connection leads. Versions with self-contained driver circuits trolled by the dimensions of the feedback tab on the alerter disc
much like the Mallory Sonalert are now available from several and not the components of the oscillator. For example, chang-
companies. ing Rl over a range of 100 to 330 kilohms altered the shape of
It is essential to properly mount an alerter disk for maximum the waveform but not the frequency. The frequency is nearly in-
sound outpUt. If the vibrating portion of the disk is cemented or dependent of changes in V cc
otherwise attached to a mount, severe attenuation of the de- Figure 4 shows a simple, single-chip, CMOS oscillator suit-
vice's sound output will occur. able for driving a piezo-alerter. This circuit is adapted from one
Figure 2 shows three acceptable ways to mount an alerter in a Gulton Industries application note. Notice how the 4049
+3 TO -1'/SI/
::::;,~4:~~;/C
PI"Z0 ~LERrl!~t
(MUM Til PKN111-6RO)
'\l --- - - - --- :IZ
ClC/tRMIC
Ct>N()UCTI>/6
i~--- --~=-~
lrDGo Af"UNT NODI1L MouNT
Fil-M fJ
'
TYF'I&AL Ct'J4Dil
C.DI>E
/ -BLRCI<.
4-,RE.D .,t
CENTEI!. MOUNT$
3-84UE ~ I
.srRNDHRO W!rH F~EDtJIICJ< TH8
BLRCk
(COMMOAI)
Fig. 2. Three mounting arrangements
Fig. 1. Piezoelectric alerter elements. for piezoelectric alerter elements. Fig. 3. Piezoelectric alerter driver circuit.
80 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
DISCOVER THE MAGAZINE
THAT LAUNCHED
THE MICROCOMPUTER INDUSTRY
Ponular Electrottlcs
Popular Electronics How Temperoture Artects Components world the 8080 microcomputer, but also
Preview offfieVilDVKieo 15i8c Player
Incredible as it may seem, Popular Elec rwo PiOiecis tor summer projects for building the first low-cost
Ironies launched the microcomputer in- modem. The fust computer keyboard mte-
dustry. Back in 1975, we published plans grated with the computer (SOL) The fust
for building the world's finest microcom- low-cost voice synthesizer. The first low-
puter based on the 8080 cpu. These plans cost logic analyzer. A low-cost 1802-based
generated incredible excitement-and microcomputer (ELF) An 1802-based
started the world thinking about personal EPROM programmer. An automatic line
computing. voltage regulator ..
Popular Electronics always helps its As you can see, our construction pro]-
readers experience the advances of the , ects, wh1le not terribly difficult, will keep
future- today. We do it with clearly written, you at the forefront of technological devel-
in-depth articles explaining an innovation. opment-without your spending much
Plans for building useful, low-cost projects money. And in the future, we'll be bnngmg
incorporating the new technology. Andre- you construction proJects to help you get
views of mass-produced equipment when more from your computer, including ways
manufacturers finally catch on. Whether Radio Shack, Sinclair, Xerox), software to interface your microcomputer with new
it's audio, video, computers, telephones, (dBASE II), audio equipment (Bang & advances in radio, telephones and v1deot
lasers or something that's JUSt been in- Olufsen, Crown, dbx, Hitachi, JBL, Mitsu-
vented, Popular Electronics will help you bishi, Optonica, San sui, Yamaha), and Get the leader in the field-
have fun with the newest, the most sophis- video (GE, Hitachi, Pioneer, Panasonic, at up to 33% ofl!
ticated, the most innovative electronics Quasar, RCA, Sharp, Sony, Technicolor, Popular Electronics is the world's most
technology around. Toshiba, Zenith). widely read electronics magazme. Now you
can subscribe at big savings- up to 33%
II Helpful buying guides ln11ovative construction offl At our New Subscriber rates, a one-
I Popular Electronics compares and con- proieets year subscription is only $12 .97. Take ad-
trasts electronics gear in handy buyer's If you're a do-it-yourselfer, you'll love the vantage of th1s offer - complete and return
guide articles. We discuss features and construction projects in Popular Elec - the coupon or postage-paid reply card
options, what to look for, and how to get the tronics. Not only have we brought the todayt
best value on the market. Recent buyer's r-------~-----------------,
guide articles have covered computer
printers, cordless home telephones, video
1 POtltllar Electromcs Po. Box 2774 , Boulder, colorado 803 22 1
cassette recorders, h1gh-tech audio cas- I 0 YES! Send me one year (12 issues) of Popular Electronics for $1 2. 97- I save 19%. I
settes, video disc players, sophisticated I O I prefer two years for $22 97- O M ake that three years for $31.97- I
telephones, projection televisions, pocket 1 I save 28% I save 33%. 1
"beepers," video cameras and oscillo- I Savmg s ba sed on fu ll one year su bscn pllon pnce of $15.97. SH 260 I
scopes.
IJ Mr/Mrs/Ms. I
World-famous test reports (please pr mt full na me) J
NC
gates are connected in parallel to permit higher drive current. Keep in mind that there is no electrical connection between
The circuit in Fig. 4 has the advantage of having an adjust- the feedback electrode and the main electrode on the piezoelec-
able frequency . A breadboard version I built operated over a tric ceramic disk. The voltage at the feedback terminal is true
range of about 185 Hz to 7 kHz . The frequency change, howev- piezoelectricity. It is generated in response to the pressure wave
er, was not gradual but occurred in steps. When the piezo- that appears in the piezoelectric ceramic disk. (The pressure
alerter reached its resonant frequency of around 7 kHz, chang- wave is generated in response to the drive signal.) The LED
ing R2's resistance had no effect. demonstration shows how a piezoelectric device can function as
The circuit in Fig. 5 will drive piezo-alerters with and with- a solid-state transformer or isolator.
out feedback terminals at a variable frequency. Unlike the cir-
cuit in Fig. 4, this circuit provides a gradual~ nonstepped output Using an Alerter as a Filter. Figure 6 shows how to demon-
tone. A slow pock . .. pock . .. pock sequence can be produced strate the use of a piezo-alerter as a ceramic filter. The model
by using a 0.47-J.LF capacitor for CJ . PKM11-6AO exhibited frequency-response peaks at 2.3 kHz,
The operation of a piezo-alerter's feedback electrode can be 7.0 kHz, 18kHz, 27kHz and 45kHz. While a scope is helpful,
graphically demonstrated by connecting the anode of a red it's possible to monitor the filter's operation by simply listening
LED to the blue lead of the alerter in Fig. 5. Connect the LED's to the change in amplitude of the filter's sound output as the
cathode to ground . The output from the blue lead easily exceeds signal generator's frequency is varied. Of course this method
a few volts, more than enough to forward-bias the LED and only works at audio frequencies .
cause it to emit a dim glow. Incidentally, I attempted to measure the delay introduced by
Epson.
A lot of nitpickers have tried to find a fault on the new
Epson MX Series printers. And failed.
First they looked at our print quality- which is excellent
-and our character fonts, which is 66 different type styles,
including italics, a handy subscript and superscript, inter-
national character symbols, and one-pass underscore.
Then they checked out our GRAFTRAX-PLUS graphics,
which gives them ultra-high resolution , bit image graphics,
and the other MX Series features, like programmable form
length, horizontal tab and right margin; true backspace;
and a bidirectional, logic seeking, disposable print head.
They looked at the choice, which includes the MX-80, the
MX-80 FIT with both friction and tractor paper feed, and
the 136-column MX-100. And the reliability rate, which is
over 98%.
m~~e:~!a~~~~~7~=~~~~;ricEeAPseysmoiled.
fussy people.
N
By fussy people. EPSON AMERICA, INC.
3415 Kashiwa St. Torrance, CA 90505 (213) 539-9140
CIRCLE NO. 16 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
82 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
experinnenter~corner _____________________________________________________
the piezoelectric ceramic with the help of a dual-trace 100- tion of the board. If the alerter is mounted on a cantilevered
MHz oscilloscope. The speed of sound in the ceramic is around portion of a circuit board, it may set up vibrations in the board,
5000 m/s according to Reference Data for Radio Engineers substantially reducing its sound output.
(ITT, Howard W. Sams & Co., 1975, p. 4-44). Since the gap be- Finally, a precaution I've not seen in the data sheets concerns
tween the main and feedback electrodes on the piezo-alerter the shrill sound which can be produced by some alerters. I've
disc is 0.5 mm, the expected delay is 100 nanoseconds. found that the sound can easily produce a piercing headache.
Though the driver circuit for the test, the 555 oscillator in While experimenting with the circuits described above, I even-
Fig. 5, provided clean leading- and trailing-pulse edges, the sig- tually resorted to covering the aperture of the alerter with clay
nal elicited from the feedback terminaLhad too much ringing or tape to muffle the sound output.
for an accurate measurement of the delay. While I think I moni-
tored a 100-ns delay, I cannot be certain due to the sloppy ap- Quartz-Crystal Oscillators. The final piezoelectric device we
pearance of the feedback pulse. Perhaps you will have better will consider is the quartz-crystal oscillator. Precision-cut wa-
results. fers of quartz are used to make piezoelectric resonators having
exceptional frequency stability. Figure 7 shows an ultra-simple,
Other Alerter Ideas. The very narrow audio spectrum pro- crystal-controlled, unijunction-transistor oscillator that uses
duced by piezo-alerters makes them ideal for use in experiments only four components. The quartz crystal replaces a capacitor
with sound. With the help of a microphone and an oscilloscope, normally used in this circuit. The oscillation frequency can be
you can easily demonstrate constructive and destructive inter- tuned from about 50 kHz to exactly 1 MHz when the crystal has
ference of sound waves. Try pointing the microphone at the a resonant frequency of 1 MHz. Tuning is accomplished by al-
alerter while moving the microphone back and fourth. Or point tering the resistance of R I .
both the alerter and the microphone at a flat metal or plastic If you monitor the output of the oscillator in Fig. 7 with an
panel which you can move back and forth. The proper arrange- oscilloscope, you will notice that the oscillation frequency
ment will reveal a periodic amplitude fluctuation in the re- tends to change in jumps as Rl is adjusted. This is a result of the
ceived signal, which you can view on the scope. crystal's oscillating at various harmonics of its 1-MHz resonant
Note that, in an enclosed room, the sound of an alerter can frequency . Near 1 MHz, the oscillator quickly locks onto the
vary dramatically in intensity. This is a result o.fthe way the sin- crystal's resonant frequency.
gle-frequency acoustical waves from the alerter form complex The circuit in Fig. 7 is useful for understanding the operation
interference patterns. Negative interference causes the forma- of a simple quartz-crystal-controlled oscillator. It can also be
tion of dead spots where the sound is virtually imperceptible. used to supply a marker frequency to calibrate oscilloscopes,
Constructive interference forms regions where the sound is un- signal generators, and shortwave receivers.
comfortably shrill. Figure 8 shows a very useful crystal-controlled, clock-pulse
Sounds from radios, televisions, phonographs and people generator. The circuit is designed around Intersil's ICM7209, a
span a wide range of audio frequencies. Therefore, the effects of CMOS general-purpose timer chip. The crystal can be any
interference are not nearly as noticeable. quartz crystal having a resonant frequency of 10 kHz to 10
The effects of the acoustical interference caused by the pure MHz. The circuit consumes only about 11 rnA when powered
tone emitted by an alerter may or may not be desirable. It is cer- by a 5-V supply and requires only four external components.<>
Drake'$ New
Digital Multimeter
:l.N~64t6,
::I..A/~91
with Advanced
~I 01/l SIMILIIR.
Auto Ranging
Features.
AUGUST 1982 83
PRC)GRNYIME:R'S
J'OTE:BOOK
By Jim Keogh
TRS-80 TION PLUS THE PERCENTAGE VAL- 50 REM ADD THE FOUR DATA POINTS
UE OF THE DATA POINT. 60 F=A+B + C+D
10 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 180 FOR AS = 15680 TO 70 REM DETERMINE THE DECIMAL
20 CLS (15680 + AW%) EACH DATA POINT IS OF THE
30 REM ASK FOR FOUR DATA POINTS 190 POKE AS, 191 TOTAL.
40 INPUT " FOUR VALUES"; A, B, C, 0 200 NEXT AS 80 AA = A/F
41 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 210 FOR BS = 15808 TO 90 BB = B/F
42 CLS (15808 + BW%) 100 CC = C/F
50 REM ADD THE FOUR DATA POINTS 220 POKE BS, 191 11000 = 0/F
60 F = A + B + C + 0 230 NEXT BS 120 REM DETERMINE THE ROUNDED
70 REM DETERMINE THE DECIMAL 240 FOR CS = 15936 TO OFF PORTION OF THE BAR GRAPH
EACH DATA POINT IS OF THE (15936 + CW%) TO BE DISPLA YEO. THE NUMBER 30
TOTAL. 250 POKE CS, 191 REPRESENTS THE VALUE OF 100%
80 AA = A/F 260 NEXT CS OF THE BAR GRAPH
90 BB = B/F 270 FOR OS = 16064 TO 130 AW = INT (AA * 30)
100 CC = C/F (16064 + OW%) 140 BW = INT (BB * 30)
110 DO = 0/F 280 POKE OS, 191 150 CW = INT (CC * 30)
120 REM DETERMINE THE ROUNDED 290 NEXT OS 160 OW= INT (DO* 30)
OFF PORTION OF THE BAR GRAPH 300 REM THE NEXT STATEMENT PRE- 161 REM TURN ON THE GRAPHIC FUNC-
TO BE DISPLAYED. THE NUMBER IN VENTS THE COMPUTER FROM DIS- TION AND DRAW RED BARS.
THE BRACKETS REPRESENTS THE PLAYING THE WORD 'READY' . 162 GR: COLOR= 1
POKE POSITIONS OF THE DISPLAY 310 GOTO 310 170 REM DRAW THE BAR GRAPH
SCREEN. 180 HUN 0, (AW) AT 10
130 AW% = AA * (15742 - 15680) APPLE II 190 HUNO,(BW)AT15
140 BW% = BB * (15780 - 15728) 200 HUN 0, (CW) AT 20
150 CW% = CC * (15998 - 15936) 10 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 210 HUN 0, (OW) AT 25
160 OW% = DO* (16126 - 16064) 20 CALL -936 300 REM THE NEXT STATEMENT PRE-
170 REM THE FOLLOWING DRAWS THE 30 REM ASK FOR FOUR DATA POINTS VENTS THE COMPUTER FROM DIS-
BAR GRAPH THAT WILL START AT 40 INPUT "FOUR VALUES"; A, B, C, 0 PLAYING THE 'READY' STATE-
THE FIRST POKE POSITION AND 41 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN MENT.
STOP AT THE FIRST POKE POSI- 42 CALL- 936 310 GOT0310
84 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
TABLE II-PROGRAM FOR VERTICAL GRAPH
~Jar Electronics
TRS-80 280 POKE OS, 191 ADVERTISERS INDEX
290 NEXT OS
10 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 300 REM THE NEXT STATEMENT PRE- RSno. ADVERTISER PAGE no.
20 CLS VENTS THE COMPUTER FROM DIS- 2 Aaron Gavin ...................... 89
30 REM ASK FOR FOUR DATA POINTS PLAYING THE WORD 'READY'. 3 All Electronics Corp ..... .. ......... 78
40 INPUT "FOUR VALUES"; A, B, C, D 310 GOTO 310 4 AP Products ............... . ...... 86
41 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 5 Army National Guard ............ , ... 2
6 Arlee Ele-ctronics ........... . ...... 76
42 CLS 7 Audio-Technica U.S., Inc .... . ...... 89
50 REM ADD THE FOUR DATA POINTS
60 F= A + B+ C+ D APPLE II
70 REM DETERMINE THE DECIMAL C & D Electronics .. . . . ............ . 88
8 Chaney Electronics ................ 96
EACH DATA POINT IS OF THE 10 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN Classified Advertising ...... 96,1 00-1 05
TOTAL 20 CALL - 936 Cleveland Institute of
80 AA = A/F 30 REM ASK FOR FOUR DATA POINTS Electronics, Inc .............. 26-29
90 BB = B/F 40 INPUT "FOUR VALUES"; A, B, C, D 1 Communications Electronics ..... . ... 9
9 CompuServe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cv 2
100 CC = C/F 41 REM CLEAR THE SCREEN 10 Computers, Peripherals, Unlimited .. 74
11000 = 0/F 42 CALL- 936
120 REM DETERMINE THE ROUNDED 50 REM ADD THE FOUR DATA POINTS
OFF PORTION OF THE BAR GRAPH 60 F. = A + B + C + D 13 Digi-Com . ............... . ........ 88
14 Digi-Key Corp .. . . .... . . . .. .. . ..... 91
TO BE DISPLAYED. THE NUMBER IN 70 REM DETERMINE THE DECIMAL 11 Discwasher ..... .. ....... , . . . . . . Cv 4
THE BRACKETS REPRESENTS THE EACH DATA POINT IS OF THE R.L. Drake ..... .. . .. . . . .. , ..... 74,83
POKE POSITIONS OF THE DISPLAY TOTAL.
SCREEN. 80 AA = A/F
130 AW% = AA * (16336 - 15663) 15 Electronic Specialists ....... , .... . . 32
90 BB = B/F 16 Epsom America ......... .. .. .. .... 82
140 BW% = BB * (16346 - 15673) 100 CC = C/F
150 CW% = CC ' (16356 - 15683) 11000 = 0/F
160 OW% = DO* (16366- 15693) 120 REM DETERMINE THE ROUNDED 17 Firestik ..................... . ..... 89
170 REM THIS DRAWS THE BAR GRAPH. OFF PORTION OF THE BAR GRAPH 18 Focus ..... . . . ... .. . .. . . . ... . ..... 73
IT WILL START AT THE FIRST POKE TO BE DISPLAYED., THE NUMBER
POSITION AND STOP AT THE FIRST 35 REPRESENTS THE VALUE OF 19 Gladstone Electronics ............. 89
POKE POSITION MINUS THE PER- 100% OF THE BAR GRAPH . 20 Global Specialities ................. 66
CENTAGE VALUE OF THE DATA 130 AW = INT(AA* 35) Grantham College of Engineering ... 47
21 Guardian Electronics .............. 11
POINT. 140 BW = INT (BB * 35)
180 FOR AS = 16336 TO 150 CW = INT (CC * 35)
(16336 - AW%) STEP- 64 160 OW = INT (DO* 35) 22 Heath Co ........ . .. . .......... 36-39
190 POKE AS, 191 161 REM TURN ON THE GRAPHIC FUNC-
200 NEXT AS TION AND DRAW RED BARS. 23 IBM ............. .. ... .... . ... ..... 8
210 FOR BS = 16346 TO 162 GR: COLOR = 1 24 Illinois Audio ..... , .. . ....... . . .... 47
(16346 - BW%) STEP- 64 170 REM DRAW THE BAR GRAPH.
220 POKE BS, 191 180 VLIN (AW), 35 AT 10
230 NEXT BS 26 Jameco Electronics .... . ........ 94, 95
190 VLIN(BW),35AT15 27 JDR Microdevices .............. 92-93
240 FOR CS = 16356 TO 200 VLIN (CW), 35 AT 20 28 J & R Music World ...... . .......... 77
(16356 - CW%) STEP- 64 210 VLIN (OW), 35 AT 25
250 POKE CS, 191 300 REM THE NEXT STATEMENT PRE-
260 NEXTCS VENTS THE COMPUTER FROM DIS- 29 Mcintosh Laboratory, Inc ... .. . .... . 79
30 MFJ Enterprises ................... 88
270 FOR OS = 16366 TO PLAYING THE WORD 'READY'. 31 Maxell Corp. of America. . . . . . ...... 3
(16366 - OW%) STEP- 64 310 GOTO 310 32 Menotech ......................... 7
33 Micro Management Systems ........ 88
ing place at that particular point in the value. This establishes what percentage 34 National institute of Technology ..... 12
National Technical Schools ..... . 62-65
program . To get things started, the com- each data point represents of the total. Netronics, R & D Ltd ........... . 33, 75
puter will request that you INPUT four Finally, the computer illuminates that 35 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd . . . . . . . . . Cv 3
values representing the data points to be portion of the bar graph which represents NRI Schools ................... 16-19
plotted . Once the last piece of data is the percentage the data point is of the to-
keyed in, the video display will "draw" tal. The computer is able to represent all 36 OK Machine & Tool Corp... . ..... 23
four bar graphs, each bar representing the data in a neatly prepared bar graph
one piece of data. since the program operates on a percent-
You can easily expand the number of age basis and not directly with the actual 37 PAIA Electronics, Inc .............. 73
data points as required. However, before value of each data point. 38 Personal Computer Systems ........ 70
39,40 Protecto Enterprises ............ 32,79
you begin to make any modifications, The second program (Table II) exam-
you should understand the programming ple is very similar, except that the bar
approach . graphs are "drawn" from bottom to top, 41 Quest Electronics ..... , ........... 96
The program starts by causing the rather than from left to right on the
computer to set aside a certain area on screen. (Table II). As before, the pro- Radio Shack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
the screen for each bar graph. This is gram calls for four data points.
done without knowing the values of the These bar-graph programs can be used
data points. The computer "assumes" as a subroutine (with appropriate line- 42 Shure Brothers, Inc ...... . , . . . . . . 77
Simple Simon Kits .. . .......... 87
that the amount of space set aside is equal number changes) in your own software. Sinclair Research .... 4, 5, 25
to a bar graph of maximum amplitude For example, the results of an analysis
(100%). can be displayed in several ways, such as
When the final INPUT data point is EN- in a table or a bar graph . The routines il- 44 Tab Books. . .. 59
lustrated in this column use data points 45 TAMS, Inc. . .. 73
TERed, the computer adds the values of 43 TDK .. .. .. .. .. 32
the data points, with the numeric sum of INPUT from the main program and dis- Tektronix . . .... 1
all data points becoming the "100%" play them as a bar graph. <> Texas Instruments, Inc ........ . .... 13
AUGUST 1982 85
f
Monsanto Model 114A frequency counter. Need sche- Hallicrafters Model TW1 OOOA receiver. Need schematic
matic and service manual. Robert D. Bollinger, 623 Belve- and knobs. C. C. Hutchison, 11303 Featherstar, Houston,
dere St., Carlisle, PA 17013. TX 77067.
Hammarlund H0-140-XA shortwave receiver. Need in- Gonset Model 3133 Communicator Ill transmitter. Need
struction book and schematic. Ed Diemer, 3852 Arc Way, schematic and manual. Charles Melillo, 51 Summit Ave-
Lawrenceville, GA 30245. nue, North Plainfield, NJ 07060.
Bro admoor Model 1464 AM/FM stereo receiver. Need Eic o Model 360 sweep genera.tor. Need owner's manual
schematic or service manuaL David Zirpoli, 45 George St., and schematic. Bill Kennedy, 184 Street, Hesperia, Ml
Green Island, NY 12183. 49421.
Victor Model 1400 calculator. Need schematic diagram. National Radio Institute Model 600 color TV receiver.
Joseph A. Spana, 1781 Rose St., Lower Burrell, PA 15068. Need convergence circuit board EC-1 9 and parts L601,
602,603 and T601. H. Sierra, 217 E. 64th St., Los Angeles,
Eico Model 232 VTVM. Need service manual, schematic, Hallicrafters Model SW-500 receiver. Need schematic CA 90003.
and techn ical information. T.L. Crosley, 7506 N. Oamen and alignment manual. James Kersey. 12426 Kingsley Dr.,
Ave., Chicago, II 60645. Louisville, KY 40229. RCA Institute, Inc. 3" oscilloscope. Need schematic and
operating manual. A.B. Gerwin, 1045 Stone St., Rahway,
NJ 07065.
L
It's got a nose for trouble.- Graym ark Model 529R burglar alarm kit. Need assembly
instructions. Frederick T. Passo, 133 Vanderbilt Ave.,
Woodbu ry Hts., NJ 08097.
P eas1er
rob~lt-the faster and ter J. Mitchell, 20 1-Five Cities Dr., SP. 41, Pismo Beach,
nent leads. Just press the cap to APPRODUCTS Co nar Model 255 oscilloscope. Need manual and sche-
extend the hook contact, place matic. Walter Ray, 929 F!'irview, Shreveport, LA 71104.
on the lead or wire and release Sank en Model Sl-1050G hybrid audio amp chip. Need
for hands-free troubleshooting. schematic, pin-out and power derating chart. Mark Tarbell ,
Probe-It is available in four 906 S. Lantana Ave., Brea, CA 92621.
sizes. MICRO Probe-It for testing
high density boards, MINI Probe- Eicoc raft Model EC-500 tremolo kit for guitar amplifier.
Brian Garlock, 79 Dayton Rd., W. Redding, CT 06896.
It for general purpose testing,
STANDARD Probe-It for higher Minshall Model K electronic organ. Need copies of sche-
power circuits and MAXI Probe-It matics, service manuals and instruction manuals. James
which has an extra long tip for R. Warn er, 103 Des Plaines Ave., Forest Park, IL 60 130.
especially hard to reach leads.
Mercury Model 400 VOM capacity meter. Need schemat-
Micro and Mini Probe-Its avail- ic. Sam Schatz, 2233 E. Catal ina 12, Santa Ana, CA
able in six colors. Standard 92701.
and Maxi Probe-Its available in
red or black. Soroc ModeiiQ 120 term inal with 100051 logic board and
All Probe-It models can be 100032-5 keyboard. Need schematics and service man-
11'1
ual. Larry J. Kopiasz, 4545 Walnut, Omaha, NB 68106.
soldered to ordinary stranded
hook-up wire to make any Conar Model 255 5" oscilloscope. Need schematic, parts
lengtn test lead required.
A P~D~'5
9 4 50 '~~MOEO
Pineneedle Drive
list and any other information available. Clifford Mal seed,
331 Penny St., McKeesport, PA 15132.
Call TOLL FREE, 800-3219668, P.O. Box 6 03
for the name of the distributor Mentor. Ohio 4 40 60 Rob erts Model 420X tape recorder. Need playback head.
nearest you. (In Ohio, call (216] 3 54-2101 Rev. Paul R. B.eining, S.J., University of Scranton, Scran-
TWX: 8 10 -425-2250
collect: (216) 354-2101.) ton, PA 18510.
In Europe, contact A P PRODUCTS GmbH
Baeumlesweg 21 D-7031 Vlleil 1 W. Ger many Hammarlund Model H0-180A vhf, 160-2 meter receiver
and Johnson Vik ing ultraamplifier linear. Need manuals,
schematics, alignment data and any other literature avail-
CI RCLE NO.4 ON FRE E INFORM ATION CARD
86 POPU LAR ELECTRONICS
VARACTOR
UHF TUNER
Model UES-A56F
$34.95
Freq. Range UHF470 - 889MHz
Antenna Input 75 ohms
Channels 14-83 Outl"t Channel 3
PART
"'
NO NO DESCRIPTION
VTI-SW Varactor UHF Tuner,
CBI-SW Printed Circuit Board, Pre-Drilled
TP7-SW P.C.B. Potentiometers, 1-20K, 1-1 K. and
5-lOK ohms, 7-pieces
FR35-SW Resistor Kit. 1/. Watt. 5% Carbon Film. 32-pieces
PTI-SW Power Transformer, PRI- 117VAC, SEC-24VAC.
250ma 6.95
PP2-SW Panel Mount Potentiometers and Knobs, 1-1KBT Now you can eliminate ... the drudgery of disconnecting and ,
and I-SKAT w/ Switch 5.95
reconnecting your video equipment each time you use it ...
SSI4-SW IC's 7-pcs, Diodes 4-pcs, Regulators 2-pcs
Heat Sink 1-piece 29.95 the tangled mess of cables which are impossible to trace
CES-SW Electrolytic Capacitor Kit. 9-pieces . 5.95 out ... not being able to use more than one function
CC33-SW Ceramic Disk Capacitor Kit, 50 W.V., 33-pieces . 7.95 at a time.
10 CT-SW Varible Ceramic TrimmerCapacitor Kit,
5-65pfd, 6-pieces. 5.95 Bambi lets you enjoy using your video equipment the
II l4-SW Coil Kit, 18mhs 2-pieces .. 22,uhs 1-piece (prewound way it should be ... electronically and on line at the
inductors) and 1 T37-12 ferrite Torroid push of a button.
Core with 3 h. of #26 wire. 5.00
12 ICS-SW l.C. Sockets. Tin inlay, S-pin 5-pieces
and 14-pin 2-pieces 1.95 Model
13 SR-SW Speaker, 4x6" Oval and Prepunched BEVS-1 Wired
Wood Enclosure
14 MISC-SW Misc. Parts Kit Includes Hardware, (6/ 32, 8/ 32
Nuts, & Bolts), Hookup Wire, Ant. Terms, DPDT
Ant Switch, Fuse, Fuseholder, etc.
Whan Ordering All Items, (1 thru 14), Total Price .
Bambi's Specifications:
Input/Output Impedance 75 ohm
S1gnal loss 3dB l dB
Noise 4dB ldB
Input Return loss 12dB m1n.
Isolation 65dB min.
Power Req 117VAC 60Hz. 2W
Dimensions lOY. W x 6~ D x 3Ye H
Weight
NOT A KIT
e 1 .9-2.5 GHz e 38%" LENGTH
e 23 dB AVERAGE GAIN
DIE CAST WATERPROOF HOUSING WITH
INTRODUCING OU~R
4Ys" x 2W' AREA FOR ELECTRONICS
COMMERCIAL GRADE lized on cabl e TV systems to re-
INCLUDES MOUNTING HARDWARE
~\...
move the KHz"s signal from a
AUGUST 1982 87
operation assist
able. Donald R. Fonville, 1025 Valleydale Dr., Burlington, Micronta Model22-012 tube tester. Need schematic. R.A. ceiver. Cicil F. Allen, 976 Bluebonnet Dr. Sunnyvale, CA
NC 27215. Balcerzak, 3153 So. 26th St. Milwaukee, W153215. 94086.
Acrosound Model 120 stereo ultralinear amplifier. Need lncoterm Corporation 055-13-02-70 keyboard assem- Supreme Model 599 set tester. Need schematic, opera-
original owners manual. Steven Be nder, Box 28360, bly. Need schematic or any information available. Graham tions manual, tube list and any other information. Erick
Queens Village, NY 11428. Molt, 2 London Bridge, London SE1 9RB, England. Gulbrand, 1500 Woodland T err<1ee, Lake Oswego, OR
97034.
Galaxie Ill SSB amateur transceiver. Need circuit diagram. Currier Smith Model 10478-G01-001 telephone answer-
John DeVine, 127 Los Angeles Ave., Stratford, CT 06497. er. Need schematic and service literature. Ffank B. Pear ce Simpson Bimini 50 marine radio. Need schematic
McCorrison, 72 Antwerp St., Brighton, MA 02135. and service manual. Ken Novicki, 237 Exchange St., New
Pioneer Model SX-600T AM/FM stereo receiver. Need Haven, CT 06513.
schematic, parts list and layout. Torsten Isaacson, 65 Stark Model 9-11 tube tester. Need instruction manual
Dellbrook Ct., Ofallon, MO 63366. and tube charts. Jack Marsden, 25 Springbrook Rd., Hallicrafters Model SX25 communications receiver.
Cobourg, Ontario K9A 4HB. Need schematic, parts list and service manual. John Eroh,
Dumont Modei304 / 304-H scope. Need power transform- 1728-C Fir Court, Ft. Gordon, GA 30905.
er. John P. Coleman, Box 174, Albany, GA 31702. Barker & Williamson Model 41 0 distortion meter. Need
service manual, schematic and operating instructions. Wil- Collins Model R390 receiver. Need technical manual L 11-
Heathkit Model HG 1OB vfo. Need schematic and service liam Bruhn, 5107 Throne Rd., Marengo, IL 60152. 856. P. Spanu, 20 Dickinson Rd., Darien, CT 06820.
manual. Robert Quade, 11 354 Martin Rd., North East, PA
16428. Clarion Model JC-20 1E CB radio. Need 23 channel trans- Hallicralters Model S-38 receiver. Need instruction and
NEW INDOOR
SATELLITE- ACTIVE
CONVERTERS TEST EQUIPMENT
COMPUTER
ANTENNA
DESCRAMBLERS DISCRETE 70 MHz Pll - Replaces NE564 video demodulator with - Covers 300 KHz - 30 MHz.
Largest Selection out the need for an ECL d1v1der . (70 MHz LF.). Guaranteed trackmg
to 85 MHz. W1de bandw1dth. lower C/N, reduced 'teanng.' May be For SWL, BCL, VLF DXers.
remotely tuned
of Equipment A vail able Kit ( M81-0IOK) . . . $114.95 Rivals long~
A & T ( M82-0IOTI . . . $159.95
$Buy Warehouse Direct & Save$ TUNEABlf AUDIO DEMODULATOR - Tunes from 5.4 to 8.2 MHz.
wires
$79~~400
Sw1tchable 5 KHz LP filter for Canad1an b1rds. Tumng d1odes In
eluded. Two of these and a couple op-amps requ1red for stereo
(MTVI
36 channel Bare Board (M81 -020B) . . $24.95 shipping)
Two Board s (M81 -021B) . . . 39.95.
converter CANADIA~ AUDIO DESCRAMBLER - Tune m those 'ch~rpmg' sub MFJ-1020 NEW INDOOR ACTIVE ANTENNA
ea rners and hear what you've been m1ssmg. sits on your desk ready to listen to the world. Rivals,
$4595 Bare Board ( R82-0lOB) .. .. . . ... ..... ............ $24.95
can often exceed, reception of outside long wire. Un-
Kit (R81 -010K). . .. . .. . $59.95
A & I (R81-0101) .. . . $94.95 ique Tuned Active Antenna minimizes intermod,
LO- OHMS ADAPTOR - Adapts normal VOMor DVM to measure from provides RF selectivity, reduces noise outside tuned
36 channel 00 1 ohm to 5 ohms usmg smgle 9-volt battery. Super s1mple cali- band. Also use as preselector for external antenna.
bratiOns.
wired remote Kit (M82-!00K) . . . . 39.95
Covers 300 KHz to 30 MHz in 5 bands. Adjustable
converter Kit (M82-100KI . . . $39.95 telescoping antenna. Controls: Tune, Band Selector,
A & T (M8 2-10011 . .. . . $59.95 Gain, On-Off/Bypass. LED. FET, bipolar circuitry.
only MODEM - Belll03 {300 bps) compa hble Answer/ Ongmate modem Phono jack for external ant. 6x2x6 in. 9-12 VDC or 9
No acoust1c coupler requ1red . RS-232 senal 1/ 0. V battery for portable use. 110 VAG with optional
$8895 Bare Board (R81 -100B) . . . . $14.95
AC adapter, MFJ-1312, $9.95. _
Kit (R81 -100K). . . . $69.95
A & T (R81 -1001) . . . $99.95 Order from MFJ and try It If not delighted,
Send $2 f or complete catalog Al l price s include complete and comprehensive documentation. return it within 30 days for refund (less shipping).
postage ~nd handling. C.O.D. orders accepted . Call or write for One year unconditional gaarantee.
of converters and unscramblers catalog. Dealer inquiries invited. Order today. Call TOLL FREE 1100-M7-1800.
Qua nt it y Di'i(OlJnl'i Vi .;;a Mai\er Charge Charge VISA, MC. Or mail check, money order.
Add SOJo .;;hirping - Mk h . re'iidcnt <; add 407o .,a]e<; tax DIGICOM ENGINEERING, INC. Write for free catalog.
P. 0 . Box 1656. KODIAK. ALASKA 99615
CALL TOLL FREE . . . 8006471800
C&D Electronics, Inc. 907-486- 5 11 8 907-486-6 2 15 601-323-5869 m MS, outside continental USA.
P.O. Box 21, Jenison, Ml4942.8
(616) 669-2440
OPEN 10 AM TO 8 PM PST
DESIGNS IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
DC TO LIGHT
MFJ FN~b~~&:lf~o5 '
921 Louisville Road . Starkville, MS 39759
CIRCLE NO. 13 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE NO. 3D ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
TRS-80
by RADIO SHACK - BUY DIRECT-DISCOUNT PRICES
Y.~.~~~.g, PURE RADIO SHACK EQUIPMENT - FREE COPY OF WARRANTY UPON REQUEST l!;!!f BMITH-CDRDNA
TOLL
FREE 1- 800-841-0860 WE CARRY THE FULL
TRS-80 PRODUCT LINE
TRS-80 Model II. __. . __From '3098 *WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG*
TRS-80 Model 16. __. . _From '4158
TRS-80 Color Computer. From '309 MICRO MANAGEMENT
TRS-80 Model IlL . ____ . From '609
Centronics 739-1 . . _.. _____ . _'499 SYSTEMS, INC.
PARCEL DIVISION - DEPT NO. 1 2
Smith Corona TP-1
Daisy Wheel Printer... 69 5 Thousands of Satisfied 2803 Thomasville Rood East
VIC-20 Computer .... '249 Customers Since 1978 Coiro , Georgia 31728
TM Tandy Cor poration
GA. & INFO 912-377-7120
88 CIRCLE NO. 33 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
service manuals. D.R. Wilson, 15075 Aster , Allen Park, Ml and manual. John Leary, 100 Dorman Rd. , O xford , CT matic and repair manuals. D.N. Burks, 195 1 W. 9th Ave. ,
48101. 06483. Apache Jet. , AZ 85220.
Hickok Model 670 oscilloscope. Need schematic and in- Compu-Time clock cal culator card for th e S-1 00 micro- Hallicr afters SX 62 receiver. Need new dial scale. Carro l
struction manual. Gayne Jones, 10071 N.E. South Beach computer bus. Need schemati c an d manual. Mark Harri s, F. Harri s, 5225 Rambler Way, Sacram ento, CA 9584 1.
Dr., Bainbridge Island , WA 98110. 4524 Alta Vista , Dallas, TX 75229.
Thorens Model T D- 124 turntable. Need outer aluminum
LFE Model 832 oscillator and sweeper. Need schematic Olivetti Model P602 / P603 computer . Need board sc he- pl atter. Joe Tenaglia, Box 146 1, Boston, MA 02 104. 0
'firestl(~
ANTENNAS
ACCIESSCRIIEB
HERE'S A TIP
Power THAT'S PERFECT!
FI?Et:J.VENCY (N:z)
The notch frequency of the circuit in Fig. 3. A plot of the notch for circuit shown in Fig. 2.
90
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Panasoruc LS Series
Mmdtur., Alum num EI.,Ltroly!G C rpd( tor~
'""
Uf n
D.t. ! !0
n / 6.3 18 ~.~ '"
12.83
:~ !:
lJ / 6.3 20 1.68 14 . ~ 9.ii
41 / 6.3 .21 L14 U.48
100 16.3 n U3 15.22
:!:~
.. ..
:no /6.3 .28 2.34 1~.53
""
20.48 1.92 15.95
?3.15 1.97 16.34
~ . 00
42.75 '~ 25.62
""
37.95
4100
6800 16.3
/6.3
10000 / 6.3
n
L~
1.2710.87
L~ 13. 17
1.89
51.83
)4.07
90.58
109.77
1.13
"
1.54 13.13
.. SJ.IO
lJ
110
/10
.II I.S4
21 1.14
11.83
14.41 "" ~
1.16
""" '"
47 110 .21 1.77 14.18 1.19
100 /10 .24 2.00 IUS 1.]9
:no 110 29 2.46
m m :~:g~ 'lO.U
23.15
30.97 " '"'
.~ 1.91
1000110
noono
m: ng ,:;: ~~:;~
6800 110
55
.1a
1.5513.26
4.63
6.63
. ..
33.62
SS.28
91.1!
110.52
.~
""
10000/10 Lff 17.00 141.63
~ m :~ l:l
.II LS4 12.83
.21 1.14 lUI
.21 1.11 14.77
.
.24 2.00 16.65
100
:no
116
116
.211
.33
2.34
2.78
19.53
" L18
"" '"'
13.15
INI1liiiiVS.-J..,..(IN1Sl-l
:n m .so
1000 /1 6
.44
.60
3.12
4.22
5.09
30.97
JS.14
41.4S .~
3.19
(.21
1.91
"
lNI1l11liO~S,,_t..,..iiNII,._o)
2100/16 .92 1.8S U.39 7.46
lNI1l)loOYI'IOOooWI.- 3300116 1.16 9.91
lNIIl< I01YI'IOOmWit,...!I N>Il - l 8?.62 1.17 10.01
4700 /1 6 1.5713.40 IILM 1.51 13.43
lN\1JII OI Y \ ' , - I . . . , . I l " " l " - '
~m
1.9917.00 141.63
IN\1li>IIIYI'IOOmWit.,..llln"' ...... l
_l .18 1.~ 12.13 - -
IN\1l1111Y\',-l.,..ll""l..
lNI1JIIIIY\',IOOmWI..,..
u m " '" '" 11.83
12.13 "" ~ O.M
".." '"
l NI)"I llYI'oiOOooWI_ii ... Oll-1
.:~
l N\l'llllY\',IO(looWI-11 ... 6<1_,.1 2.34 19.53 1.13
l N\) U IIHj',\O(looW/- 1.78 ?3.1 5
I N\ ) 4 \ I I \ Y I ' , - I ..... II NOO\I-1 PS 31 .24 3.4?
4.26
us
7.18
35.17
41.24
S9.8-l
"
.M
4.15
U?
1.!6 9.91 IH2
l.b1 13.77 114.11
'" "...
'" :Ht "
.
l.t1
l.tt
""
135 1.11 14.78 Lt9
....
'" "
/JS 16.65 O.M
135
'" "
19.53 1.11
....
..10 1.79
""
"""
va
3.65
us
HI
"" us
"...
~
'~ ~ 3 . 2
5.42
... ~ ::~~ .M
'"" '"
~.~
1.61 14.17
.:1'2 2.01
21 t.n '"
2.61
ii t.ii
....... ~ g~ "" '" "" OM
..."
" '" ...n"" ........
I.IS
.. Ja
.. 38
...... 41
u2
3.42
3.69
1.11
" '"
'"
2.69
'~ .""" ....
1.18
1.35
~
~
2.~5 :.::: ,, . .'. "fr'~r
....... Ja U2
..." 3.18
'~ 000 '
000 1.99 16.53
I~ I
.. 1.41 13.18 us
"
-~:
6.66
:.-: ::U"
5.18
~
7.87
10.71 1.31" '"'
.~
1Lt6
......
000 "
"n"
2.11
2.28
2.19
17.&3
11.95
20.13
......"'
2.68 22.27
68
.89
1.10
6.1 2
8.01
9.% "" '" ..
11.00
"" us
Lt?
1.12
""
2.91
3.18
>.
24.25
26.45
28.65
116 7.74
" '"
... """ "" 30.65
i~ Jl ~:~!. .
1.71 1.25 000
""u '"
.at. '-74 1.34 33.45
..
.. UJ 10 .17 36.93
.1 6.66
M
2.71 "" ,..,
~
12.43
16.19 41.13
ill:~
... 74 6.66 5.35 44.52
" "
rfi
3.12 2.24 11.60
L~~
4.51 5.82 48.50
.~
" 4.76 ~
3.18
U4
26 .5
35.27 7.32 80.97
I .. -
::::.
"" "" '" 71.99
... ...
6.61 55.02
us
l:~
~: g~
7.17 65.32 73.70
Jil~
a.~
1~::~
I. OS ~ Ul 70.19 73.70
.. 23 2.01 13.99 \4_11 118.03 95.85
2.61 :1'2.31 11.5-0 95.85
.::~! ~:~
... : -~~ r~ n" '"
" ,..,
'" !:I
14.95
18.65
124.55
138.70
:m:~~ - .31 3.17
~
187.15
~J.o .JI!
20.14
".n '" ~~n:~~
.:::: :!i l:~i ..
2U5 203.70
" 2.78
3.6S
27.69
1,64
230.75
13.68 123.08
.... 0 ..
" " 2.n
""
""
3.15
'" '" """
'" 1.64 13.88 123.08
" ,...
. 62
' '"
.015 1.54
,
~
1.64
'"
'" "' ..."""
.018 tu
'" 1.64
!!!!! ...,.
i
..... 1.64
'"
'" " ,
" 3.U
Ii
~ I ' I
o o
.n
'"
'" " 2.88
2.91
'~
H~ '"
'" ."".
""" o.n 13.26 119."11
'" " ";;!=:-:=.."'":::".:::"~
""' 2.11 16.22 145.95
'"
'" ."".
""'
15 ...."''" "'"
""'
""'
183.20
241.20
...."..
!I.
311.20
""
""' '" "" 2.93 2UO 219.15
.
24.10 219.15
""
:l::l '" """ 111 24.40
24.40
219.15
219.15
,..,
5.87
~ ,I
24.40
, '1
."
31.28
.. , .. ""
""
"' ....'"'" 31.92
33.80
34.80 -,
.?/ "'
"" '"'
4.13
."".
38.98
40.13
...... ......,.lt<.,C_O_..,..., .....- ..........,,.,..,
MIO O
"" ~:~ 48. 73
""
_,, ol Ul ,.._, """ 1 '" _.,
~ "".,,~..,...,
.: .. ~
'' .-r11J ,<"'!~ ."".
53.15
sua
suo ::;:;~=::..~~t:-Es~;:~~~~:,.::
.,,.,
.,,... ,....
__ ,0,_,
,.._1
, ~!).:~ ~ 1.07
. 1.21
l.l9
9.14 76.12
:~~=
1.35
1.47
il ! ilill
POWER ACE
'~
1.59
oi,O',,,''' 1.88
u 2.15 18.34
!he 0 g l'.ey volum!;' d scou 11 and Tundl1ng lhargl'> ore> mple To opply Mo<,t !ems sold by D g Key may b"' cu nb ned for l voluf'le d >count Item> That ore no\ d hoc.ntable are dt'nt f,ed by The HANDLING CHARGES VOLUME DISCOUNT
, ff, Nll fol o"' ng 1he part number After wr Tng your order total 011 of II e d>coun1oble tern> and apply the oppro,r ate d ;u.Junt To th >subtotal odd the non d scounlable tem<, Then odd $ 0 DO$ 9 99 Add 52 DO s 0 00 S 99 99 NET
the ' (jl ng horge WE' pay oil >hopp ng and nsuronu to addrel>e> n 1ht US A lotada and Me co when check or money order occompon eo; order 5 10 00 525 00 Add 507 5 s 100 00 5249 99 Leu 10 .
WHEN OIIDEIIIHG BT PHOhf CAll I ROO 346 5144 (Mn AI:. H1 coll218 681 6674) Br mo1lstnd rour ord1r to DIGI KIT, H1ghwar 32 South Thef R1wer Foils MN 56701 5 25 00 S49 99 Add SO SO S 2SO.OO 5499 99 Less 1s.
l~u nluy puy by 'h' k nwe; order Mo~te lh Hge VISA or l 0 D DIGI-KEY GUARANTEE: Any port~ or produC1<, purchased from 0 g Key thot pro~e 1o b~ Jefe t e w 11 tn $ SO 00 599 99 Add SO 2S S SOD 00 S999 99 Less ?0".
r~oo,e d o ref v d~rl I elur ed w th .fu dov> from rt>ce1pl wl h J copy of your 1moce p , , ~ ~"llJ<, t to, 1 Jl Jl \\ 11 t '' ~ S 100 00 & Up No Chorge S 1000 00 & Up Less 2S ,
NEC JB-1201 M
MX-80FT
MX-100
$375 0 BARE BOARD . . . . . . . . . . . . $40.00
KIT .... 69.96
ASSEMBLED & TESTED ... 74.95
$169.00
KJts
DYNAMIC RAMS Prt No. Prtce
l~~=r w~~~::: ~ ::::::::::: :2:~
70451PI Precision Timer 14.95
7045EV/Kit* Stopwatch Chip, XTL 24,95
t6,384x11150ns ...... 2.95-8/19.95 7106CPL 3112 Digit A / D (LCD Drive) 16.95
16,384x1 200ns ...... 2.49-8/16.95 7106EV/Kit* IC, Circuit Board, Display 34.95
16,384x1250ns .. . . . 1.95-8f1.U5
65,536x1200ns .. . ..... .. .. .... 9.95 7107CPL 3112 Digit A/D (LED Drive) 15.95
1024x1 30Dns . . .... . ..49 -8/1.95 7107EV/ Kit* IC, Circuit Board, Display 29.95
2048x1 365ns .. .. . .. .4!1-8/1.95 7116CPL 31/z Digit A/D LCD DIS. HLD. 18.95
4096x1 1250ns .. 4.95 7117CPL 31ft Digit A / D LED Dis. HLD. 17.95
4096x1 200ns ... . . .......... 4.95 72011DR Low B1ttery Volt Indicator 2.25
16,384x1 150ns .. .. 2.95-8/19.95 72C61PG
16,384x1 200ns . . .. .. 2.49 -8/16.95 CMOS LED StopwatCh/Timer 12.95
16,384x1 250ns .. . . .. 1.95 - 8114.95 720SEV/Kit* Stopwatch Chip, XTL 19.95
8192x1 200ns ... . .... . . 1.95 7206CJPE Tone Generator 5.15
7206CEV/Kit* Tone Generator Chip, XTL 12.95
7-15188
745287
3b:8PR~~M~.C. (6330-1) .. .. 1.95 7207AIPD
7207AEV/Kit*
Oscillator Controller
Freq, Counter Ch ip, XTL
6.50
13.95
745288 256x4 PROMT.5.16301-1! . . 1.95 72C81PI
32x8 PROMT.S. 6331-1 .... . 1.95 Seven Decade Counter 17.95
745387 256.1:4 PROMO.C. 6300-1 . . 1.95 72091PA Clock Generator 3.95
745471 256x8 PROMT.S. 6309-1 . .5.95 721SIPG 4 Func. CMOS Stopwatch CKT 13.95
745472 51b:8 PROMT.5. 6349-1 . . . . 5.95
745473 721SEV/ Kit* 4 Func. Stopwatch Chip, X TL 19.95
745474 ~g~~ ~~~~:ff8~1f5296~il ~:~~ 7216AIJI
7216CIJI
8-Diglt Unlv. Counter C . A . 32.00
745475 8-Diglt Freq, Counter C.A. 26.95
745478 ~~i~:8 ~~~ ~t ff~~~!S86J.: i~:~~ 7216DIPI 8-Diglt Freq. Counter C . C. 21.95
745570
745571 ~l~: ~~~~.tf:Jg~l : ::.:::~ 72171 J 1
7217A IPI
4-0iglt LED Upj Down Counter CA 12.95
4-Digit LED Up/ D own Counter CC 14.95
745572
745573
82523
1gi:=: ~~~~~X" t:~~~!i) :::: t~~
32x8 PR0MO.C.(27518) . . . . 3.95
7224 1PL
7226AIJL
LCD 41ft Digit Up Counter DRI
8-Diglt Univ. Counter
11.25
3.95
82511 5 512x8 PROM T.5. 127S151 ..... 9.95 7226AEVjl<.lt* 'i Function Counter Ch ip, XTL 74.95
825123 32x8 PROMT.5. 27519 . . . . 3.95 72401J E CMOS Bin Prog. Timer/Coun ter 4.95
825126 256.1:4 PROMO.C. 27520 . . . .. 3.95 72421JA CMOS Dlvlde-by-256 RC Timer 2.05
825129 256x4 PROMT.5. 27S21l . . . 3.95 72SOIJE CMOS BCD Prog. Timer/ Counter 6.00
825130
825185 ~~:4 ~~~~~:~: f~~J! 81:) :~:i~ 72601JE CMOS BCD Prog, Timer/ Counter 5.25
OM875180N
DMB75181N
OM875184N
~g~::: ~~~~:~: :~~~:n
2048x4
... ~:i~
PROMO.C. 825184~ .. . . 9.95
755SIPA
75561PD
7611 BCPA
CMOS 5$5 Timer (8 pin)
CMOS 556 Timer (14 p in)
CMOS Op Amp Comparat or 5MV 2.25
1.45
2.20
DM875185N 2048x4 PROMT.5. 825185 . . .. . 9.95 7612BCPA CMOS Op Amp Ext. Cmvr. 5MV 2.95
DM875190N 2048J:4 PROMO.C. 825190 . ... 19.95 CMOS Dual Op Amp Camp. 5MV 3.95
OM875191 N 2048x8 PROMT.5. 825191) ... . 19.95 CMOS Tri Op Amp Comp, lOMV 5.35
ROM'S Quad Op Amp Comp. 10MV 7.50
~~l~ !~~~~~ ~~~~::; ~:~:;::: !~g!:; g::l:..:~:i~ ''"'"" r""''"A,mp Comp. lOMV
S READ ONLY MEMORIES
128x9x7ASCII51"11ft&dw/Greek .... 13.50
li:X~~ :~~~a~ro~~~c~i;~~:n::: ~~:~
DATA ACQUISITION
Mosl,kDC/ DCConver1. +5VIo-9V ... 2.95 74C221 1.95
cNJ .. . :g~ 1.59 74C240 2.25
CN) ... 5.75
. . .... . . .. 5.95
.. .... . 19.95
1.69
2.95
3.95
74C244
74C373
74C374
'"'
2.49
2.59
. . . . . .. 19.95 2.25 74C901 .69
..... ... . .. 1.15 1.69 74C903 .69
1.60 74C911 10.95
. . ... . . .. . . 1.30 1.49 74C912 10.95
. ........ 1.40 1.69 74C91S 1.69
.. .. 1.10 1.59 74C917 10.95
.... 3.95 1.39 74C922 5.49
.... 5.00 1.39 74C923 5.75
.. .4.95 1.19 74C925 7.50
.. .. .. 2.25 1.69 74C926 7.50
. .... 5.25 1.69 80C95 .79
8-bltA/0 .) ... 10.95 80C97 .79
LS9
l~~J8~!~~: ~~;g:g:;g: (g:~g:l ~:::;
10-bltO/AConver1erl0.05%l~n.l . . . .. 8.49
10-biiO/AConverter 0.20%lln. ..... 5.95
LH0002CN
L MlOCLH
6.85
4.50 LINEAR
NES71N
LM703CN
12-biiO/AConverter 0.20%lln. . ... . 9.95 LMllCLH 4.75 LM340T-s 1.25 LM709N .29
~it:~~J~~~~~~~~ : :: : : : : :::::::U~
LH007Q-0H 4.95 LM340Tl2 1.25 LM1l0N .79
TL071CP .79 LM:WOT-15 1.25 LM711N .79
SPECIAL FUNCTION TLOnCP 1.39 LM341P-5 .75 L M723N .69
g~:: ~g~ ~::~ ~~::; !~~il :::::::.:~:~~
050025CN TL074CN 2.49 LM341P12 .75 L M733N 1.00
D50026CN LH~2CD 35.80 LM341P-15 .75 LM739N 1.19
IN51171N-1 FlOppy Disk Controller .. . ... . 24.95 TL082CP 1.19
IN52651N
LM342P..S .69 LM741CN .35
CommunlcallonChlp .. .... ........ 19.95 TL084CN 2.19 LM342Pl2 .69
MM58167H MlcroprocessorRaaiTimeCiock . . . ... 8.95 MC1741SCG 3.00
MM58174H Mlcro. CompallbleTimeCiock ....... 11.95 LH0094C D 36.80 LM342P-1S .69 LM747N .79
COP402N Mlcroconlroller w/64-dlgll RAM .. .. . . 6.95 LM300H .99 LM348N 1-25 LM748N .59
and Olrecl lED Drl~e LM301CN .35 LMJSOK 5.75 LM1014N 2.75
COP402MN Mlcropror;essorw/64-dlgll RAM .. . .. . 7.49 LM302H 1-95 LF351N .60 LM1310N 1.95
& Direct LEO Orlvew/N Buss lnl. L M304H 1.95 L FJSJN 1.00
32-seg.VACFiuor.Drvr. (20-plnpkg.) ... 3.25 LM14S8CN .59
LM305H .99 L FlSSN 1.10 LM1488N 1.25
CHIPS L M307CN .45 L F356 N 1.10 LM1489N 1.25.
........ 14.95 LM3011CN 1.00 LM358N 1.00 LM1496N 1.95
"""''"' '"''" .. , ... . ::::::: 1g~ LM309H
LM309K
1.95
1.25
LM359N
LM370N
1.79
4.49
LM1SS6V
L M 1800N
1.75
2.95
. ...... 11.95
... .... 7.95 LM310CN 1.75 LMl73N 3.25 LM1871N 5,49
. . . . . . . .. 5.49 L M311 / CN .90 LM377N 2.95 LM1872N 5.49
. . . .... . 5.75 LM312H 2.49 LMl80N 1.25 L M 1877N-9 3.25
.7.95 LM317M P 1.15 LM381N 1-95
.. 8.95 L M 1889N 3.20
LM317T 1.75 LM382N 1.79 L M 1896N US
LM317K 3.95 LM384N 1.95 LM2002T 1.49
74S04 LM318CN 1.95 LMl86N-3 1.29 LM2877P 2.05
74S05 LM319N 1.95 LM387N 1.45 LM2878P 2.25
74508 LM320K-5 1.35 LM389N 1.35 LM2896P1 2.25
74S09 L M320K-l2 1.35 LMJ92N .69 LM3189N 2.95
74Sl0 LM320K l5 1.35 L FJ98N 4.00
74S ll LMl900N .69
LM320T-5 1.25 LMJ99H 5.00 LM3905C N 1. 25
74S15 LM320T-l2 1.25 T L494CN 4.49
74S20
LM3909N LIS
LM320T l 5 1.2S TL496CP 1.75 LM3914N 3.95
74S22 LM323K 5.95 N E510A 6.00
74SJO LM391SN 3.95
LM324N .99 N E 529A 4.95 L M3916N 3.95
74532 LM329DZ .65 N E531H 3.95
74538 RC41l6N 1.2S
LMlJ.ll'l 3.95 N E 536H 6.00 RC4151NB 3.95
74S40 LM334Z 1.30 N E540H 6.00 RC4194TK 6.95
74551 L M335Z 1.40 N E 544N 4.95
74564 RC419STK 5.49
LM336Z 1.75 NE5SOA 1.30 LM4SOOA 3.25
74565 LM337T 1.95 NESSSV .39 IC L8938B 4.95
74S74 L M 337MP 1.15 LM556N .99 L M13080N 1.29
74586 LM338K 6.95 NE564N 3.95 LM13600N 1.49
74Sll2 1.25
74Sl13 LOW PROFILE (TIN) SOCKETS LM339N
LM340K-5
.99
1.35
LM56SN
LM566CN 1.95
75138N 1.95
1-24 75450N .89
74Sll4 25-49 50-100 1.35 LMS67V 1.25 75451CN .39
8 pin L P .17 . 16 . IS N E570N 4.95
3.75 14 pin LP .20 . 19 . 18 14 Pin ST
16 p in ST .30
CA3060N
C A3080H
3.25
1.25
3.95
l.l'l
16 pin L P
IS p in L P ".29 .21
.28
.20
.27
18 pin 5T .35
C A30111N
CA3082N
CA3083N
CA3086N
2.00
2.00
1.60
.85
1.25
1.25
.59
3.50
20 pin LP
22 pin LP
24 Pin L P
28 pin L P
.34
.37
. 38
.45
.32
.36
.37
.30
.35
.36
24 Pin
28 pin
36 p in
40 Pin
ST
ST
ST
ST
.49
.99
1.39
1.59
Value
10 pf
1-9 10-99 100+
.08 .06
V alue
.OS
I
50 VOLT CERAMIC DISC CAPACITORS
1-9 1D-99 100+
.OCll~tF .08 .06 .05
.44 .43
:r:r:#F
C D4000 .39 C D4098 2.49
36 pin L P .60 .59 .58 ~ ~~ :gg :~ :~ :8: :~ :~
40 pin LP WIRE WRAP SOCKI;TS
~~ ~~ :~ :~ :~~ :8~ :~
.63
CD4001
CD4002
.39
. 39
CD- CMOS CD45Cfi
CD4507
.75
.99
.62 .61
(GOLD) LEVEL lt3 470 pf
:gg
.08 .06 .OS . 1~F
:g;
.15 .12 .10
CD4<><>; SOLDERTAIL (GOLD)
I
1.19 CD4041 1.49 CD4508 >95 1-24 25-49 50-100
CD4007 .25 100 VOLT MYLAR FILM CAPACITORS
C D4009 .49
C D4042
C D4043
.99
.89
CD4510 1.39 STANDARD 8pJnWW .59 .54 .49 .OOlmf .12 .10 .07 .022mf .13 .11 .OS
C04010 .49 C D4044 .89
CD4511 1.29
1-24 50.100
'
lOplnWW .69 .63 .58 .0022mf
.0047m f
.12
.12
. 10
. 10
.07
.07
.047mf
.1mf
.21
.27
. 17
.23
. 13
.11
CD4512 1.49 14 pin WW .79 .73
CD4011 .39 C 04046 1.79 8 pin SG .67 ,Olmf .12 .10 .07 .22mf .33 .27 .22
CD4514 3.95 .l'l 16 Pin WW .85 .77 .70
CD4012 .25 C D4047 2.50 CD4515 14 p in SG .49 +20 % DIPPED TANTALUMS (Solidi CAPACITORS
~95 18 pin WW .99 .90 .81
CD4013 .49 C D4048 1.35 CD4516 16 p in SG .54 . 1j 35V .39 .34 .29 11.5/35V .41 .37 .29
1.49 20pinWW 1.19 1.08
C D4014
C D4015
C D4016
1.39
1.19
.59
C D4049
CD4050
CD4051
.49
.69
1.19
CD4518
C D4519 ...
1.79 18 pin
24 pin
28 Pin
SG
SG
SG
.59
.79
22 pin WW
24pinWW
1.49
1.39
1.35
1.26
.99
1.23
1.14
. 15/ JSV
:~~~~
.39 .34
:ii :~ :~
.29 2.2/lSV
~:~~~
.51 .45
:~ ::J :i~
.34
POPULAR ELECTRONICS
BOOKS
t------''--'-'-"---_:._;;;;_=.,:...=:..:....:_:;:_:;:_:_:_=.:..=..=_-1 30001 Natlo~=~~~:6:~~~o::::~~~ -~-~-~~~~-~~ -~ '-~~~- ....... t6.9&
JE610 ASCII 30002
1640 pages) 74C, C04000, and A/D Converters
National Interface Data Book . . ................. . ..... $6.95
1704 pages) OP, DSEKlOO, 053600, 0575000, etc.
Encoded Keyboard Kit 30003 National Linear Data Book . ......................... $11.96
The JE610 ASCII Keyboard Kit can be Interfaced Into most any computer 11376 pages) LM, LF, ADC, OAC, LH Series
30004 National SerleBO- Board Level Computer 1224 pages) .. M.95
system. The kit comes complete w1H1 lnduslrlal grade keyboard switch
assembly(62-keys),IC's,sockets,connector,electronlccomponentsanda 30005 ~~4tl;;;~r;'4M,t~.~~~s~~~~ DMOOOO s~;;~ .ta.ss
double-sided printed wiring board. The keyboard assembly requires + SV@
I SOmA and -12V@ lOrnA lor operation. Features: 60 keys generate the 30006 Above (3) 30001.3.5 as set $24.95/lot
126characters, upper and lowercase ASCII set. Fully buffered. Two user
de!lnekeysprovlded!orcus!Qmaopllcatlons.caoslockforupper-caseonly 010400 Intel Component Date Catelog . . 14.95
alpha characters. Utilizes a 2376 (40pin) encoder read-only memory chip. Outputs directly compatible with TTL/DTl or MOS logic Full date sheets for Intel's products incl. memory devices,
microproc., peripherals & indust./mil. products 11328 pages)
arrays. Easylnter1aclng with a 16-pln dip or t8pin edge connector. Size: 3'h ..H x 14'h"Wx8tfoD. 205610 Intel Peripheral Design Handbook . , ................... t9.95
Full data sheets, appl. notes for Intel peripheral device
JE61 0/DTEAK (After assembly as pictured above) .......... $124.95 components 1644 pages!
JE610 Klt62-Key Keyboard, PC Board & Components (no case) ...... $ 79.95
K62 62-Key Keyboard (Keyboard only) ............ . ....... $ 34.95 AC and DC Wall Transformers
Part No.
OC6912
DTEAK(caseonly-3'1"Hx11"Wx8'4"D) .... _.......... $ 49.95
JE212 - Negatlve12VDC Adapter Board Kit lor JE610 ASCII KEYBOARD KIT
Provides -12VDC from Incoming 5VDC . . . . . . . . . . . ........ $9.95
2%" Square - 16 Ohm
.25 Watt (4 mount. holes) JE600 Hexadecimal Encoder Kit
Large Ceramic Magnet
Size: 2%" X 2%" X 3/ . " FULL 8-BIT LATCHED OUTPUT
Part No. Price Part No. Price
19-KEY KEYBOARD
A0201 . . .. $1.25or2/1.98 SF-25016 .$1.39or2/2.98
fil\ MOTOROLA
0 AM/FM Stereo Push Button
CAR RADIO
FOR VOLKSWAGEfol SCIROCCO, RABBIT,
--
AUDI 5000 AND FOX
(with minor adjustments, can be used in any automobile)
DB25P 0-Subminiature Plug .. , . . $2.96
DB25S 0-Subminlature Socket , . . . . $3.50
&:::.11 ::'2.. ::.~ ' .-~-=~~~~~~3~~~~H~x~8~~-"W~x~8'4~"D~)~-~-~-~-~~-~~~~~~~_;~~~~ g~~~~~: Screw Lock Hdwr. (2) DB25S/P 2/$.99
Cover for DB25P/S , , $1.75
~;~~J~;~,EJ,;~~.~~~,T~~
C1rd Connection.
~.~~~.~~~'~' """'""" SPST swttohlog 22_0, Edgo 22/44SE
UGBB/U
P.C. Edge (22/44 Pin) . . $2.95
BNC Plug ............. $1.79
~~~~~~~~~~rt~No~-~K=B2~6~-~~~~~~~~--~-~--~-~-S=2~.9=5~oa=c~h=or~2~/=$4~.9=5~ ~~~~~~u BNC Jack . . . . . . . . . . $3.79
UHF Adapter , $ .49
Includes bezel trim and everything pictured. Two MICRO SWITCH 69-KEY KEYBOARD 50239 UHF Panel Recp . . . . , . . . . $1.29
DltJ Entry Keyb01rd, Encodtd Output: 8-bH Plrallel ESC DIC. SwltchlnR: Hill Efflct, 24-pln Edge P L258 UHF Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . $1.60
each 4x6 speakers and grille (1 Yo deep). All cables Clrd Connection. Complltl wJth Pin Connection. PL259 UHF Plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1.60
~nd leads for hook-up. Includes all rnstructlon
Part No. K869SD122 UG260/U BNC . . . . . . . . . $1.79
Manuals for easy Installation. Cutout dimensions:
7"W X 13/ .. H X 6Ya .. l . DATANETICS 74-KEY KEYBOARD
ASCII Encoded KeybNrd, Output: Even l'lrtty ASCII, Supply voltage +5, 12 volt. Swltclllnlj:
Model 5VW3901 .......... $49.95 Mecllnlcll SPST- 50-pln Connection. Complete with Pin Connactlan.
Part No. KB354 .
UVEPROM MICRO SWITCH 85-KEY KEYBOARD
om Entry klybNrd. SwHcllln11: Hill Efllct, 13-pln Edge C1rd ConniCtlon. Melli frame, dirk brown
keyCipl.
Part No. 85SD181. . ... ...... $29.95mh
MICRO SWITCH 88-KEY KEYBOARD
Dati Entry KeybNrd usedln1DIIblo1640Tirmln~l. SupptyVoltlgl: +5,12. Switching: Hill
Elflct-10-pinEdgiCirdConntctlon.SclllmtlcincludiHI. Mostek DC/DC Converter
EftiUS 2708, 2718, 2732, 2784, 2518, 2532, 2564. Ert~s.. up tc. 8 chips ~rt No. 88SD22 . .. ..... $69.95 oath +5VOLTST0-9VOLTS
within 51 minutes (1 chip In 37 minutes). M1lnt1lns const1nt exposure . . . ln~ut: +5V. Output: 9V (regulated)@ 30mA.
distance of one Inch. Special conductive tom liner ellmlnta stetlc Pnnted circuit mounting.
bulldup. Bulltln sfety lock to prevent UV exposure. Compact- only DC10 ....... $2.95 ea. or 2/$4.95
t.oo~ x 3.7o x 2.80. Complete with holding trey for 8 chips.
DE4 UVEPROM Eraser .... S79.95 systems. deslgnedtoprovkleregulated OCwttagesat six levels (228voltrange).
UnitS are open-framed on sturdy black anodized aluminum for excellent mounting
FEATURES: 1151208/230 VAC Input@ 5063Hz. Low Rippll: 1.5mVrms, 5mV p.p
J;J
5'14'' Mini-Floppy Disc Drive
FOR TRs-80 MODEll, Ill (Industry Standard)
~~~!e}:~ngi~fe~ 0 ~~Mded'~~6ieRed~~~l~:
~~Qgr:t :~:-to12s"vl o.J ~~~~l ~a~. trgfts asm~~c:
~~r~:ti 1 ~e~1~ {d~;~o! lng!t;as~0 g~wr;c~~g~~
~.J.'.9~s 3% poun9s. Size: 5 1/o"W x 8"0 x
Part No. Limited Quantity! Price 36cfm free air delivery
FD200 ................ $179.95 3.125" sq. x 1.665" depth
Single-sided, 40 tracks, 250K bytes capacity 10 yrs. cont. duty at 20oc
115V 50/60Hz
FD250 ................ $199.95 For Apple users
Double-sided, 35 tracks, 438K bytes capacily
PWS2107Uf;::1~u~ .... $ 9.95ea.
PWS21Q7F - . .$14.95ea.
General Description: The JE215 is a Dual Power
Supply with independent adjustable positive and nega- Muffin Fan
tive output voltages. A separate adjustment for each 105cfm free air delivery
4.68" SQ. X 1.50" depth.
of the supplies provides the user unlimited applications 10 yrs. cont. duty at 20oc
for IC current voltage requirements. The supply can Impedance protected,
also be used as a general all-purpose variable power ambients to 70 oc
SUpply. FEATURES: 115V 50/60Hz 14W WI.
Adjustable regulated power supplies, MU2A1U f;:!::('u:adl.
pos. and neg. 1.2VDC to 15VOC. MU2A1N Nw ..
Power Output (each supply):
SVOC@ SOOmA, 10VDC@ 750mA,
12V DC@ SCOmA, and
15VDC@ 175mA.
T wo, 3-terminal adj. IC regulators
with thermal overload protection.
Heat sink regulator cooling
LEO "on'' indicator
Printed Board Con1truction
120VAC input
Size; 3 -112"w x 5-1/16"L x 2"H
ELECTRONICS
1355 SHOREWAY ROAD, BELMONT, CA 94002
8/82 PHONE ORDERS - (4151 5928097
AUGUST 1982 95
Class Adv Contd from Page 105
NATIONWIDE listings of major companies employing Engi- RECORDS & TAPES
neers and Technicians. Free Details! AVI, Box 264-PES, Buf- RECORDS- TAPES! Discounts to 73% All labels; no pur-
falo, NY 14215. chase obligations; newsletter; discount dividend certificates.
JOBS OVERSEAS - Big money fast. $20,000 to $50,000 plus 100% guarantees. Free details. Discount Music Club, 650
per year. Call 716-842-6000, ext. 324. Main St. , PO Box 2000, Dept. 5-0882, New Rochelle, NY
10801.
"CAREERS"- Opportunities in electronics, list of 500 top
firms, addresses, $8.95. Morris Electronics, Box 95, Pequan-
nock, NJ 07444. HOBBIES
1983 CATALOG, 200 PAGES. Thousands of chemicals,
DO-IT-YOURSELF glassware, science/hobby equipment. Send $2.00. Merrell
Scientific, 1665 Buffalo Road, Rochester, New York 14624.
FREE YOUR DAMAGED TAPES? Cassette, 8 Track Tape
Repair Kits. $4.95 each. Guaranteed. Visa, Mastercard. KITS,
Box 127, Sumner, WA 98390. MISCELLANEOUS
11~aer~~b~;i~~;h~ir;:~!;b~uss~~:rf1~~~ii~~ ~~~u~~d1i~~f~~~~:~~rn~~::
10 NOTE SOUND SYNTHESIZER KIT
1
TRACK THE SUN-Newly designed solar tracking control fpr
parabolic collectors, photovoltaics. Detailed plans, $4.95.
Lane Solar, SC7, Box 303, Nipomo, CA 93444.
MPG INCREASED! Bypass Pollution Devices easily. RE-
VERSIBLY!! Free details- Pasco GEES, LaGrangeville, NY
12540.
ing notes. Make " robot" sounds, space ..
war computer effects, etc. One of the
most unusual kits. Circuit features 3 CORVAIR PARTS- All new 1982 giant discount catalog:
IC's and 12 trimmer resistors. Complete REAL ESTATE $4.00: Clark's Corvair Parts, Inc., Shelburne, MA 01370.
with all parts, PC board and instructions.
Size of board : 2.8" x 4". Operates from
9V battery (not included). C4722 $11.95 FREE CATALOG! Top real estate values coast to coast! FREE PROMOTIONAL ALBUMS, concert tickets,
Please specify types, property and location desired. UNITED
DWIAV1I
symbols are the same a special win-
BOOKS & MAGS
ner note sounds. Circuit uses 7 IC's and
12 transistors. Kit comes complete with NEW 1982 EDITION
all parts, PC board and instructions. Size
DO YOU WANT TO WRITE YOUR OWN BOOK? We're
of board : 5.5" x 7". Operates from 9V
battery (not i ncluded). C4723 $29.95 looking for electronics writers to do just that. Obtain our
Stereo Review's
electronics needs list, or send your own Ideas, by writing TAPE RECORDING
Liz Akers, Acquisitions Editor, TAB BOOKS Inc., Blue
Ridge Summit, PA 17214, (717) 794-2191. & BUYING GUIDE
I
Handy product listings compare
features. specificatiOns . and
RUBBER STAMPS prices for nearly every new cas-
RUBBER STAMPS, BUSINESS CARDS. Free catalog 1-800- ~~~fct;~dca~~:~e r~:~o1rde~ . ~.~~~ o~,;iaiCoRP~~~
851-4945, Jackson's, E-100, Brownsville Rd., Mt. Vernon, Ill. stereo ... m icrop hone ... head- & IUYtMI IUIDI
62864. phone .. . mixer .. . signal processor PO. Box 3-40
~
.. . blank tape ana accessories. Broomall, PA 19CXE
REPAIRS & SERVICES ~~~;et~~uJe~t'c~~~ ~~ ~~~~nJet~
ter recordings. how noise-reduc- Enclose $3.95 ($2.95'
Phono Ord~rs Mmunum AD Ordf'f $9 00
tion systems can help you. and plus $1.00 posloge
303 781 ~7~0 Please mctude $1 50 for postage (UPS) D&A EQUIPMENT REPAIRED: Virginia Sabala, D&A's head
VISA MC accepted technician 15 years, is now operating a parts and repair ser- shopping for a video cassette and handling}. Outsde
Phone orders are welcome recoraer. U.S.A. $5.00.
vice. Communications Unlimited, 1217 AveC, Scottsbluff, NE 'Res;dents of CA, CO, DC, Fl, ll, MA, Ml, MO, NJ, NY Slole, OH,
Send for our free catalog of umque 1tems
69361. Phone: (308) 635-7365. SC, TN and VT add applicable soles tax .
CIRCLE NO. 8 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
r--------..
Metal Enclosure
1 4 95 100 per type o1s ~ ~m ~~; 395
395
6995
The Super Elf is a tremendous value as it com- eluding a series of lessons to help get you
m~~~~~ 1 69~~ ~:5~~~~~ 0 3 95 !H~ : ~~ ~~~ ~:: :~~ ~~~5 ~ ~~~3M~~z li~ bines vtdeo , digital displays , LED displays , and started and a music program and graphics
74LS367N 3341 695 8T26
3 20 350 prece pack MHz
65536 395 TypeNTalk by Votrax
music , all on a single board for $106 .95 . target game. Many schools and universities are
!!
169 5 per type 8 95 14 31818 MHz
Linear CMOS and 7400 :m 1 ~ watt1~:r'ti:: ~~ 1~ m4M~~~
395
395
395
Ted ~ &petcb ryntllrr1~1 wllllr;rn11m
11trlwoutrutrr. blllntfttut1ollllldi
70~ IOOb~PIII-nrl
lltortlllrn.
The Super Elf expansion capability is virtually
unlimited and you can do it inexpensively one
using the Super Elf as a course of study. OEM's
use it for training and R&D. A monthly news-
complete lines in stock. 81"
&peldiftll\lllll~r. RS232C llrtertace step at a time. Expansion includes cassette letter, Questdata is devoted exclusively to soft-
Send for catalog. S359 .0D.Spm hiC $79.95
interface, additional memory, color video , Ba- ware for the Super Elf and there are many soft-
sic. ASCII keyboard , printer, floppy, S-100 bus , ware books available at low cost.
RS232 . etc . Free 14 Page Brochure
Modem Kit $60.00 The Super Elf comes complete with power sup- Send or call for a free brochure on all details
State of the art, orig., answer. No tuning neces- ply and detailed 127 page instruction manual and pricing of the Super Elf and its expansion.
sary. 103 compatible 300 baud. Inexpensive which includes over 40 pages of software , in- We will get it right out to you!
acoustic coupler plans included. Bd. Only
$17.00. Article in June Radio Electronics.
Z80 Microcomputer
16 bit 1/0, 2 MHz clock. 2K RAM , ROM Bread-
board space. Excellent for control. Bare Board
$2B.50. Full Kit $99.00. Momtor $20.00. Power
Supply Kit $35.00. Tiny Basic $30.00
TERMS: $5.00 min. order U.S. Funds. Calif. residents add 6% tax. Prices FREE s d 1 1 N 82
$10.00 min. VISA and MasterCard accepted. $1.00 insurance optionaL subject - en or your copy o our EW 19
Shipping: Add 5%; orders under $25.00-10%. to change QUEST CATALOG. Include 88 stamp.
CIRCLE NO.4 1 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Start Your Back-to-School Project at The Shack
No Minimum Order! No Waiting! Low Prices!
Ready-to-Use TV RF Module IF Amp, FM, Video & PLL ICs Computer-Project PC Boards
Radio t:;~(liiiiii;~- -J,
only WEW~
-- - ,~ "
Low As
Shack ...
Exclusive! 1
995 . Simplify & Improve
Your Designs!
Highest Quality
Dual-Sided Glass
Great for peripheral and format conversion circuits.
Works With Any Television Set Many applications for these versatile ICs/ Check Fit card edge connectors, sockets and headers-
Requires Minimum Support Circuitry out the included specs and data and you'll prob- check Shack's wide selection.
ably discover some new uses/
UM1285-8. This completely assembled TV Contact
MC1330 Video Detector. Used in.many solid- Connectors Size Cat. No. Each
RF modulator is ideal for use with computers, Points
video games, VCRs, projects such as video state TV circuits . Replaces 3rd IF, detector, 41J4X 51/4
40 position 1520 276163 4.95
enhancers, adapters and satellite receivers. video and AFC buffers. High linearity. Outputs: 51/4 X 81/4 4.95
50 position 2898 276164
Accepts color or b&w video, line-level sound. Wideband video (to 8 MHz), AFT, narrow-band 41/4 X 51/4
40 position 1520 276165 9.95
Selectable output, VHF channels 3 or 4. reverse video. 10-24VDC. 8-pin DIP. 50 POSition 2898 51/4x81/4 276166 9.95
Unique design reduces line-jitter and on-screen 276-1757 .......... ....... .......... 2.49
bar patterns. PC board mountable. 3 to 8VDC. MC1350 Universal IF Amp With AGC. For
With data, pin-out, suggested circuit. Why pay
more? 277-221 .... 9.95
radio and TV circuits. Usable from DC to beyond
60 MHz. Typical gain at 45 MHz: 50 dB. AGC
0-Submini 25 Connectors
-------------------1 range: 60 dB minimum. 12VDC. 8-pin. Solder
Trimmer Capacitors 276-1758 ... . .................. 2.19 Type
MC1358/CA3065 FM Detector. IF amp, limiter,
FM detector, electronic volume attenuator and
159 /NEW!J audio driver in a 14-pin DIP. Use as TV replace-
ment or in homebrew receivers (100 kHz to
Pkg. of 2 5.5 MHz IFs). Just the thing for converting CBs
and communications receivers to receive Can be chassis-mounted . Optional hood allows use
NBFM! 10-24VDC. 276-1759 ..... ....... 1.79 of non-ribbon type multiconductor cables when less
High "Q" -300 or More!
LM565 PLL. For FM SCA (background music) than 25 conductors are required .
5-60 pF. PC mountable, with mini screwdriver and RTTY decoders. modems, infrared com- [8] Male. 276-1547 .................... 2.99
slot adjustment. For IF and low-level RF peak- municators, frequency synthesizers and [] Female. 276-1548 .............. . .... 3.99
ing. 2721340 . . . ... Pkg. of 2/1.59 more. 141-pin. 276-1720 ............. 1.69 IQJ Hood. 276-1549 .. ..... ............ 2.19
SPST DIP Switch 120-Volt Neons Whip Antenna
149 79
Pkg. of 2 299 /NEW!f
Dual " brute-force"
Fits 8-Pin
11'iiiiiPiiioi L-C sections greatly DIP Socket High brightness NE-2's Universal replacement with 5 sections ,
reduce automobile prewired to dropping re- extends from 73/," to 30'h". Mounting
igniton/alternator Perfect for on-board low-current sistors for 120-volt AC/DC flange. Red plastic tip for safety.
noise in CBs, switching. 275-1304 ......... 1.49 use . 272-1100 ..... 2/79 270-1401 ..... 2.99
boosters, tape
players. 10 amps.
270-051 .. 17.95. Our Best-Ever Analog Multimeter SPST Toggle Switch
With LED Indicator
Autosound Faders
[8] And Selector 4995 {NEW!j 299
Great for dashboards and
Big 5-lnch Color-Coded Scale
[] proj&cts. LED glows when
Built-In "Beep" Continuity Tester "on." Rated SA. 12VDC use
Fused and Overload Protected only. 71"" mounting hole.
275-680 2.99
"Pro" features and durability at a rock-
bottom price! 21 ranges. 30,000 ohms-
per-volt DC sensitivity, easy access to bat- Engineer's Notebook II
tery and fuse compartment. Timesaving
IAJTape/Radio Selector. audible continuity test Measures to 1000 By Forrest Mims Ill
270-045 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.99 volts AC and DC in 12 ranges. DC current
Iill Selector With Stereo Fader. to 10 amps in five ranges. RYsistance to
270-046 " " . . " " .. 5. 99 10 megs in four ranges and dB in five
(C) High-Power Fader. Handles 50 ranges. With manual, probes. Requires 9V
128-Page
walls. 270-048 . . .. 6.99 and "C" batteries. 22210 . . .... 49.95 "Idea Book "
Of Practical
IC Circuits
Charging System Knobs For 1/4" Shafts RF Chokes And Data
Analyzer Cut 24/o
595
Zln!5 249
Reg.129
1.69 79 L.o:~'fi'lcE!
Pkg. of 2 Revised to in-
10 [.lH. 1.5 amps. (Was 89~ in 1982 clude more circuits, tips
Catalog) . 273-101 ......... 79 and data. Easy-to-read "graph paper"
100 [.lH . 2.0 amps . (Was $1.09 ir format. Useful for beginners and
1982 Catalog) . 273-102 ..... . !19 "pros" alike! 276-5002 .... 2.49
1tad1o lhaeK
A DIVISION OF TANDY CORPORATION OVER 8400 LOCATIONS IN 80 COUNTRIES
Retail prices may vary at individual stores and dealers
AUGUST 1982 99
RATE: Ads are 2" by 3". 1 insertion: $550.00. 6 insertions: $525.00 ea. 12 insertions, $500.00 ea. Closing
Computer Mart date: 1st of the 2nd mo. preceding cover date. Send order and remittance to Computer Mart, POPULAR ELECTRONICS,
1 Park Ave., N.Y., N.Y. 10016. Direct inquiries to (212) 725-4216.
UNIPRO
TRS-80 THE VERSATILE EPROM HANDLING SYSTEM
Reads / programs 2704 , 2708, 2758, 2508, 2516 , 2716
DISCOUNT (single supply) , 2532 . 2732 , INTEL'S 2732A and
the 8755A ( INTEL / NEC) with no personai17Yiii'odules
r.eqU'he'JTAll power is d~rived from the S-lOO bus , all
COMPUTERS s1gnals are S-100 compatible. Port mapping occupies
NO memory space.
An on -board wait -state generator allows use with bus
CALL US clock rates exceeding 6mhz. , with no los s in perform-
ance.
LAST tor All software is 8080/ 8085 / 280 compatible and IS fully
COOS and CP j Mcompatible. Software include s "m enu "
the LOWEST command. ' 'Intelligent'' EPROM read /write and dru;k I ul to the computer
f. __
... _.~. ~ ~;. 1/ 0 commands , and functions usually found only in
"We monitored lh~n"::.:ter and tound abso:.
price! ''monitors'' and'' de buggers''
with a specially bu houl the tape
UNIPROM board (A & T) with extensive documenta lutely no dropouts throulrace Papadopoulos
tion, including source listings- $199.00.
UNIPROM disk-based software with source on disk Beaverton, OR
918-82~-4844
.....
and listing (specify 5.25" or 8" COOS or Ca~l resoden:s add e"o sales Ia~
CP/M, or NORTHSTAR 5.25" CP/M) - 1 DDZ. 2 DDZ. Shoppong 1 doz $2. 2 doz $3 50
$38.00. ITE.
3 doz $A 50 Each itdd<toonat doz
UNIPROM EPROMbased software (2532) $55.00. C05 0 ISO 0 tJSO sso
it will be worth the call!
s... u
COOS is a registered trademark of CAOMECO, INC.
fJ6~ is a registered trademark of DIGITAL RESEARCH ,
C IO
C20
0 800 0 1440
Q IOOO 0 1800
~
......,
WroiiO!UIIIOfOIJlltltT'fOISCOUitTS
SH"11oo
NORTHSTAR is a registered trademark of NORTHSTAR Hard Box u
'" ""
CoHoi(I<G
0
ERICAN BusiNESS
COMPUTER, INC.
SoltBo 0 200 0 340
O<lr<\
C.ll: 213n10-1430
COMPUTERS
118 S. MILL ST. PRYOR, OK. 74Jb1
YORH 10 Computerware
24573 K1tl11dqe Sr P I Canoga Park CA 91307
rERSONAL COMPUTERS
HARDWARE PERIPHERALS
ATARI 400 ... 355 DATA CASSETTES
ATARI 800 .. . 675 DISK DRIVES
TI 99 4/A .... 360 MODEMS
VIC 20 ...... 255 PRINTERS
MODEL Ill 16K 1825 MODEL 400 16K 1329
11148K 11,999 Model800 48K 1779 SOFTWARE
Price -'- We have the best price. Check HUNDREDS OF DIFFERENT KINDS
the others. but call us. MANY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
AP101 Apple II with Single Disk Drive. $109
Selection - ATARI APPLE TRS-80
AP1 02
AP103
Apple II with Double Disk Drives .
Apple II, 9 inch Monitor & Double Drives
119
129
EPSON OKIDATA C.'ITOH. etc. TERMS
AP104 Apple///, two additional Drives & Silentype 139
Service - Most items in stock for ~ASH, CHECK, OR MONEY ORDER,
AP1 05 12 inch monitor plus accessories . 99 immediate shipment. Call or write for Free
RS201 TRS-80 Model I. Expansion Unit & Dri.-es 109 ~0 C.O.D.'s. TENN. RESIDENTS ADC
RS202 TRS-80 Monitor or TV set . 84 40 page catalog of over 600 items.
R$204 TR$-80 Model Ill . 129 ~%% TAX. NO CHARGE FOR
15 Marshall Hill Road
~HIPPING IN THE CONTINENTAL U.S.
Computer
RS205 Radio Shack Color Computer 89
AT301 Atari Computer & Accessories . 109 West Milford Mall
West Milford, NJ
~OMPUTER CONCEPTS
P401 Paper Tiger 440 445 460 . 99
P402
P403
Centronics 730 737 Line Printer II IV
Epson MX70 or MX80 .
89
89 Discount 07480-2198
P404 Epson MX100 . 99 of America In New Jersey call 375 BREWER DRIVE
CC90 Matching Attache Case 75
- - - - - - - 201-728-8080 NASHVILLE, TENN. 37211
5650 INDIAN MO~~~&Uc~~~M(B~~e0~~~~~3ni141 BBB-9464 -~ CALL TOLL FREE: 615-834-1404
CIRCLE NO. 121 ON FREE INFORMAnON CARD
CIRCLE NO: 123 ON FREE INFORMATION CARO CIRCLE NO. 125 ON FREE INFORMATION CARO
IBM - XEROX - TRS-80 - CBM
HEWLETT-PACKARD- NORTHSTAR
COMMODORE 64
DEC- HEATH- ZENITH - PMC
OSBORNE- OS!-- INTERTEC
~<c,~ ~~ _.! ' $ ! ;
WEHAYE
VIC20
NEG PC-8001 Computer .. $759.00
BAsEo Microprofessor RCA VP-3501 Videotex
A superb learning tool for Data Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . $CALL
students, instructors, hobbyists. Scotch 744-0RH Box of 1o
Complete experimenter's manual. easy
instructions. 18 experiments. Fully ex- SS. SD . O-See .. . .... . ....... $27.00
pandable for Z80-CTC. ZBO-PIO, EPROM, ADD-ONS: Videx, Microsoft, TKC , Hayes,
THE CONNECTION bread-boarding and prototyping. Buy 2 Epson, Zenith, MI. Computer,
tor on ly $279.g5. Money back guarantee. UMI, NEG. Sony, Games
Connect your IBM Selectric R, 2KB BASIC available, $19.00 - -
UNDI;"iR Mail Order: FUTRA COMPANY
IBM Electronic, or Olivetti
typewriter to any Microcomputer. 5600 PLUS-FREE GIFT: ~ P. 0. Box 4380-PE, Torrance, CA 90510
Z-80 Programming and Interfacing (2131 ~28-8951 (800) 421-5006
ESCON Products, Inc. textb.ook FREE when you order within " twx'910 349-6211 AGENFTRA TRNC
7 days. $12.95 value. \. ...
12919 Alcosta Blvd.
San Ramon, Ca. 94583
.--l1lf
Dept PE082
.e'~~- 14803 NE 40th
t.) Retail: OMC
20695 S. Western Ave. # 124
( 800) liii
Redmond, WA 98052
Torrance, CA 90501
(415) 820-1256
227-2148 g~LL TOLL-FREE 1-800-426-1 044 (213) 328-1760
CIRCLE NO. 126'0N FREE INFORMATION CARO CIRCLE NO. 128 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
Ask tor Operator #99. Machlne(s)) MACRO ASSEMBLERS ZXAS Machine COde Assembler (16K) $9.95
ASSEMBLERS ZXDB Machine COde Disassembler/Debugger ( 16K) $9.95
ZX CHESS!_~our choice of 7 levels ot play . white or black . set
MC / VISA or C.O.D. with certified check 6809 or 6502 $400.00 $200.00 up any pOSitiOn to be analy zed, change levels of play during a
or money order. Kansas residents add Other 8-bit 350.00 t50 .00 H::.:o~Ri~ i~dnef'ev~7~ ;;~~::/,~~~k) '::::~
3% sales tax. 16-bit 500.00 250.00 STARTREK Trek across the gafa)(y . (16K) $9.95
ADVENTURE: Damsel and the Beast (16K) $14.95
.....
"Plus shipping. 1 K PROGRAM PACK. 8 compact , entertaining programs $9.95
Prices include source code on tape and in printed form , User's Man 18K PROGRAM PACK. Four entertaming programs $9.95
For info call: 316-683-9225 ual, shipping {USA) , and program support. All programs shipped 10 EXCITING ZX81 PROGRAMS $14.95
316685-9445 from stock.
~~
30 Progrmslor the ZX81 (1K) $14.95
" SPECIAL ON PREPAIO ORDERS: Sameday EXPRESS MAIL Understndlng Your ZX81 ROM $19.95
ZX81 ROM Disassembly Part A $14.95
shipping , for no extra charge . Call today-your program will arrive Full replacement warranty all tapes
tomorrow!
~0
0
1 E
f" )
e
lP <, ~pr l Me k
t < s 901 h_,l"ll nan
le-. 716> 849 OIJ'i
J<Qpr
81vt1 Bulla'<
No C 0 0
V '><I '' MC"
i'<Y 1420J
~ plea">P
nt)P
CIRCLE NO. 129 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE NO. 130 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE NO. 131 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
ut
LEO ELECTRONICS, INC.
8921 S. Sepulveda #208
SUPER SALE
EPROM'S
1 7 8 up 50 u p
TRS-80
2716 (SV, 450nS) $3.95 $3 .55 CALL
2732 (SV. 450nS) 7.85 6 .95 CALL ~
2532 (SV. 450n S) I I .20 9.25 CALL Model II 64k...... ...$3288
Model Ill l~k..... ........... $825
STATIC RAM Modellll48k 2 Drives RS232... .....$2069
6116P3 I I SOnS) 7 .50 7.20 CALL Color Computer 4k Levell..... .. ....$308
2114L2 (200n S) 2. 10 I .70 CALL Color Computer 16k Extended Basic .............. $459
NEW!!!
8085 SI NGLE BOA RD COMP UTER S NEW SHOP OWNERS!
~
2K 4K HOM EPROM (2516) EPROMs are not suppli ed.
~6 I 0 lines-- parallel series handshake
( 6 mdepcndent port s)
COMPUTER MART SELL
Ali CPU corHrol lm cs are avai lable at the connec tors.
This cllrd is us eful for the va st ma joriry of corHrol
application s.
FORMAT
3" X 2"
POPULAR
Pn cc: 5149. 00 ( assembled and tested)
SBC85-2
2K ROM EPROM (25l6 '27l6)EP R0Ms are not suppl
ELECTRONIC
22 I 0 lines -varalle! serie s handshake
( J independent ports) in your shop and make big
.\fosr C PU control lines are availa"'e at the connec tors.
Thi s card is ve ry useful for small control applicarion s.
PICTURE YOUR AD HERE! profits on every copy_ We
Price : $11 9. 00 (ass embled and restedJ all shipping and give you
a~ovc boards have a CRYSTAL time l>a se, an
. 256 byte s of RAM , I limer , and a power-on FREE display rack. Minimum
ator light. Data and in ternal t-us control lin es are not
access ible. The toards are supported by complete and order 8 copies/issue.
extensive manuals. Acc ess connectors are dout-le row
pm header style. There arc solder masks and legends on
top quality p.c. boards . FOR DETAILS,
r;::JIIIII CERTEK, INC.
NEXT CLOSING DATE: CALL COLLECT:
~
L.::lll
~-..n..J""'Jl.!"'..J""\..f"U'"\..
6020 Don zphlln Drwe
El Paso, Texas 79932
(91j ) j8! 6697
AUGUST 1 (212) 7257518
CIRCLE NO. 140 ON FREE
Electronics Classified
CLASSIFIED RATES: Per Word, 15 Word Minimum. COMMERCIAL: $3.50. PERSONAL: $2.00, EXPAND-AD: $5.25. Ads set in all bold type @ 20% premium. Ads
set with background screen @ 25% premium. DISPLAY: 1" x 2 v.", $425.00. 2" x 2'14'', $850.00. 3" x 2v.", $1 ,275.00. GENERAL INFORMATION: Frequency rates and
prepayment discounts available. Payment must accompany order except credit card- Am. Ex., Diners, MC, VISA (include exp. date)- or accredited ad agency
insertions. Copy subject to publisher's approval; must be typewritten or printed. First word set in caps. Advertisers using P.O. Boxes MUST supply permanent address
and telephone number. Orders not acknowledged. They will appear in next available issue after receipt. Closing date: 1st of the 2nd month preceding cover date (e.g.,
Mar. issue closes Jan. 1). Send order & remittance to: Classified Advertising, Popular Electronics Magazine, 1 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Direct inquiries to
Rose Lynch, (212) 725-7686.
SOUND SYNTHESIZER KITS-Surf $19.95, Wind $19.95,
FOR SALE Wind Chimes $24.95, Musical Accessories, many more.
Catalog free. PAIA Electronics, Box J14359, Oklahoma City,
OK 73114.
GOVERNMENT and industrial surplus receivers, transmitters,
snooperscopes, electronic parts, Picture Catalog 25 cents. RESISTORS, V.W, Y2W5%C.F. 3eea., 1% Metal films. NO
Meshna, Nahant, Mass. 01908. MINIMUMS, Cabinet Assortments, Quantity Discounts. De-
tails from: JR INDUSTRIES, 5834-E, Swancreek, Toledo, OH
ELECTRONIC PARTS, semiconductors, kits. FREE FLYER. 43614.
Large catalog $1 .00 deposit. BIGELOW ELECTRONICS,
Bluffton, Ohio 45817.
SAVE UP TO 50% on name brand test equipment. Free cata-
log and price list. Salen Electronics, Box 82, Skokie, IL 60077.
TELETYPE EQUIPMENT: Copy Military, Press, Weather,
Amateur, Commercial Transmissions. Catalog $1 .00.
WEATHER-MAP RECORDERS: Copy Satellite Photographs, GET SMART,
National-Local Weather Maps. Learn How! $1.00. Atlantic It's vital you read our up-
Sales, 3730 Nautilus Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11224. Phone: (212) dated 94 page technical
372-0349. information manual used
by the office of Consury~er
BUILD AND SAVE. TV EARTH STATION. DETECTIVE Affairs, Rockwell Int., and
ELECTRONICS. Video Recorders, Color Cameras, advanced recommended by NASA. DECODE Morse, RTIY, and ASCII signals from air-
Telephone Projects. BROADCAST Electronics. 50 page color Complete, easy to under-
catalog of unusual electronic projects AIR MAILED $3.00; stand, beautifully detailed.
waves with new CODESTAR. LED readout or con-
with 3 hour audio cassette dramatization of our catalog $5.00. -only $7.95 today! nect your computer/printer. Keyboard, other items
Don Britton Enterprises, PO Drawer G, Waikiki, Hawaii
96815.
CALL 24-hrs. C.O.D. HoUine (305) 339-7600 also available. Kits or assembled. MICROCRAFT,
Box 513PE, Thiensville, WI 53092. (414) 241-8144.
POLICE/FIRE SCANNERS, crystals, antennas, CBs, Radar
Detectors. HPR, Box 19224, Denver, CO 80219.
SPACECOAST
RESEARCH CORPORATION UNSCRAMBLE CODED MESSAGES from police, fire
PRINTED CIRCUIT supplies, chemicals, tools, artwork, plat- Box 442-A, Altamonte FL 32701
ing solutions. Major credit cards. Catalog $2.00, refundable.
and medical channels. Also telephone recording
CIRCOLEX, Box 198, Marcy, NY 13403. RF POWER TRANSISTOR - TUBE CATALOG FREE . adaptor. Same day service. Satisfaction guaran-
MRF453/MRF455A/SK1451 - $14.00; MRF454/SRF2072/ teed. Don Nobles Electronics, Inc. Route 7, Box
RECONDITIONED TEST EQUIPMENT $1 .00 for catalog. MRF2769 - $1 7.00; MRF245/MRF247 - $27.00; 2N4048 -
WALTEA'S TEST EQUIPMENT, 2697 Nickel, San Pablo, CA $6.20; Exclusive Repair Center for PALOMAR PRIDE, etc. 257-A, Hot Springs, AR 71901. (501) 623-6027.
94806, (415) 758-1050. Westcom, 1320 Grand, San Marcos, CA 92069. (714) 744-
0728. RF MODULATORS for SATELLITE TELEVISION, MICRO-
NEW ELECTRONIC PARTS. Continuously stocked. Stamp
COMPUTERS CCTV. Also monitors, cameras, kits. FREE
brings catalog. Daytapro Electronics, 3029 N. Wilshire Ln., Ar-
VIDEO CATALOG. Phone (402) 987-3n1 . Dealers Wel-
lington Hts., IL 60004.
ELECTRONIC CATALOG. Over 4,500 items. Parts, & compo-
MICROWAVE
e
TV SYSTEM
Precision 25" Parabolic Antenna
comed. ATV RESEARCH, 13-P Broadway, Dakota City, NE
68731 .
nents. Everything needed by the hobbyist or technician. $2.00 e Prebuilt Converter and Preamp
e Assembled Power Supply BUYER BEWARE- Consumer guide to SATELLITE TELEVI-
postage & handling (United States Only), refundable with e Lowloss Coaxial Cables SION - $3. GhosUighters, Route 2, Box 136B, Stevensville,
first $15.00 order. T & M Electronics, 472 East Main St. , e One Year Warranty
e Montana 59870.
Patchogue, NY 11772. (516) 289-2520. Completely Buih and Tested
DATASERVICECO. :~
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS, your artwork. Quick delivery.
3110 Evelyn Street CABLE TV CONVERTERS & EQUIPMENT. Plans and
Reasonable. Atlas Circuits, Box 892, Lincolnton, NC 28092.
(704) 735-3943. ~?i-~~~~9~~ 55113 ~ parts. Build or buy. For more information send
$2.00: C& D ELECTRONICS INC., P.O. Box 21, Jeni-
son, Ml 49428.
Send &De For Big Bargain Catalog MICROWAVE TV DOWNCONVERTERS, Downconverter
board, power supply board, Antenna Cookbook, with detailed
plans, $20.00. Downconverter parts $15.00, power supply
parts $15.00. Micro Engineering, P.O. Box 17231 , Minneapo-
lis, MN 5541 7.
$29?~more 24.9~
featuring polypropylene woofers, custom tems. Education Manual $4.95. Commutec, P.O. Box 7200,
Costa Mesa, CA 92626.
crossovers,
you and m
have quality .lf
ore
car audio . . 4 ' f :. ! TRANSFORMERS, 1OV-4A $6.95, 14VCT-3A $7.50, 36VCT-
electronics DON'T 1.2A $7. 75. All primaries 120V. $2.50 Shipping. CA residents Call for free catalog 800-523-0721
WASTE MONEY 6% tax. J. Macswan, Box 4697, Downey, CA 90241. Spectrum Electronics, 5932 Market St., Phila., PA 19139
on poor speakers. - . MICROWAVE TV DOWNCONVERTER, assembled and test-
Write for our FREE ed $44.95, Kit $29.95, Power Supply Kit $29.95. Detailed in-
Speaker Catalog. . -- struction manual included. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Check, PLANS AND KITS
M.O., COD. XANDI, Box 25647, Dept. 31 , Tempe, AZ 85282.
VIDEO GAMES - Build your own coin operated Video CORRESPONDENCE FOR FRIENDSHIP IN PHILIPPINES,
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
Games. Top money makers. Copyrighted from designer .. MALAYSIA. Free information . AAWS-(PE), Box 2777, Orcutt, FREE CATALOGS. Repair air conditioning, refrigeration .
Send $9.95 for plans, parts manual and price list. Gold Coast, California 93455-0777.
Tools, supplies, full instructions. Doolin, 2016 Canton, Dallas,
Box 155, Brooklyn, NY 11236. Texas 75201.
PENFRIENDS- ENGLAND - USA, through correspon-
CONVERT YOUR TV INTO A GIANT SCREEN PROJEC- dence. Send age, interests. Free reply. Harmony, Box 89PE, MECHANICALLY INCLINED individuals desiring ownership
TOR! Free details! Big TV, Box 2595-P, La Habra, California Brooklyn, New York, 11235. of Small Electronics Manufacturing Business - without in-
90631. vestment. Write: BUSINESSES, 92-K8 Brighton 11th, Brook-
CORRESPONDENCE for friendship! Mexico, Philippines, Eu-
SUBSCRIPTION TELEVISION EDUCATION MANUAL. lyn, New York 11235.
rope, USA. Free information. International , Box 1716-EL,
Complete theory and circuits $9.95. Parts and kits available. Chula Vista, CA 92012. ERASE DEBTS with little-known law-create wealth!! Details
D & S Enterprises, P.O. Box 110901 PE, Nashville, Tennes- FREE- Blueprints, No. EE8, LaGrangeville, NY 12540.
see 37211. UNIVERSITY DEGREES BY MAIL! Bachelors, Mas- MAILORDER OPPORTUNITY! Start profitable home busi-
TELEVISION to oscilloscope conversion. No modifications to ters, Ph.D.'s ... Free revealing details, Counseling, ness without experience or capital. Information free. Mail Or~
TV. Plans and PC board $8.50. MICROGRID, Box 613B, Itha-
ca, NY 14850. Box 317-EP8, Tustin, California 92680. der Associates, Dept 770, Montvale, NJ 07645.
ONE MAN CRT FACTORY. T.V.'s, Business machines, Moni-
CONVERT YOUR $2,000.00 oscilloscope into a $69.99 T.V. UNIVERSITY DEGREES BY SPECIAL EVALUATION of tors, Scopes, VDT's. $3.00 rebuilding nets $100-$500 each
monitor. Complete plans $2.95. Random Access , Box
41770P, Phoenix, Arizona 85080. existing credits and Job experience. Fast, inex- tube. Higher profits overseas. New/used. FACTORY, 1909
Louise, Crystal Lake, IL 60014. (815) 459-0666.
pensive. Call (614) 863-1791. Or write: EVALUA-
LCD WATCH $2.50, Pen watch $3.60. Catalogue $1.00: RE-
ALARMS TION, Box 13151-AS, Columbus, Ohio 43213. LIANT ENGINEERING COMPANY, Box 33610, Sheungwan
Post Office, Hong Kong.
Burglar Fire Pro'lec'lion INSTRUCTION $25,000- INTEREST FREE Ill Keep indefinitely! FREE report.
Write: American , 1601 Main Street, Plainfield, Indiana 46168.
Protect Your Life, Home, Business, Auto, etc.
PICTURE TUBE REBUILDING equipment new and used.
Our catalog shows how . Install your own UNIVERSITY DEGREES BY MAIL! Bachelors, Mas- ATOLL TELEVISION, 6425 Irving Park, Chicago, Illinois
alarm systems and devices and save BU. We
offer FREE write -in engineering service. ters, Ph.D.'s. Free revealing details. Counseling, 60634. (312) 545-6667.
F!(EE CATALOG '~.:;:~:;;,!:';~;:.7:~....,;,. Box 317-PE08, Tustin , California 92680. MAKE MONEY SELLING ELECTRONICS. Wholesale dealer
catalog $5. (redeemable). ETCO, Dept. 532, Box 840, Cham-
LEARN WHILE ASLEEP! HYPNOTIZE! Astonishing details,
Burdex Security Co. Box 82802- PE lincoln, Ne. 68501 strange catalog free! Autosuggestion, Box 24-ZD, Olympia,
plain, NY 12919.
Washington 98507. BORROW $30,000 without interest! All eligible. Repay any-
BURGLAR, FIRE, CAR! Finest equipment! Save! Free Cata-
time. Free details. lnfohouse, Box 1004-PE8, New York, NY
log. AAS, 186A Oxmoor Road , B'ham, AL 35209. LEARN ELECTRONIC ORGAN SERVICING at home. Com- 10003.
pletely revised course covers latest models including digital ,
LSI's, synthesizers, etc. NILES BRYANT SCHOOL, PO Box CASH IN ON EXPLODING HOME COMPUTER MARKET.
HIGH FIDELITY 20153, Sacramento, CA 95820. Become a distributer. Investment of only $536 includes TEX-
TOP QUALITY SPEAKERS AND KITS. Send $3.00. Speaker AS INSTRUMENTS home computer. Start building your busi-
Warehouse, 801 North Route 441, Hollywood, FL 33021. ness now! FREE details. Send S.A.S.E.: COMPUTER-PE,
24431 Los Serranos, Laguna Niguel, CA 92677.
DIAMOND NEEDLES and STEREO CARTRIDGES at DIS-
COUNT PRICES for SHURE, PICKERING, STANTON, EM- 1,104.00 MONTHLY, immediate cash profits, paid dailyll!
PIRE, GRADO, AUDIO TECHNICA, ORTOFON , ACUTEX, Guaranteed. Scott Sauer, Box 661 , Dept. X, Schoolcraft, Ml
Earn up to $600 a Week & MOrel 49087.
ADC and SONUS. Send S.A.S.E. free catalog. LYLE CAR- No costly school - The Original FCC Tests
TRIDGES. Dept. P., Box 69, Brooklyn, NY 11218. For fast
COD service Toll Free 800-221-0906. N.Y. State (212) 871-
~~~~~~r :c~G.~!~a~~.~~~:.r:;~!~~u~~~s!~ - - ---=------ FREE BOOK " 2042 Unique Proven Enterprises. " Fabulous
Newty revised multiple-choice exams cover all '~ ~--~ ,._JJ-14. ''unknowns," second inflation income. Haylings-M. Carlsbad,
3303. 9AM - 8PM except Sunday. areas t'e sted on the actual FCC Govt exam! CornrndnDA CA 92008.
No previous experience required. $12.95 post PRODUCTIOftS'
b~~~opeybP.Q~u8~~1 26348, San Francisco, CA 9~1~
WANTED EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
GOLD, Silver, Platinum, Mercury, Tantalum wanted. Highest MEDICAL ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY , home study.
prices paid by refinery. Ores assayed. Free circular. Mercury Troubleshoot medical instruments. WTI, P.O. Box 3124, Fres- ELECTRONICS/AVIONICS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNI-
Terminal, Box 191, Norwood, MA 02062. no, CA 93650-3124. TIES. Report on jobs now open. Details FREE. Aviation Em-
ployment Information Service, Box 240E, Northport, New
ELECTRONIC STORE NEEDS UNUSUAL games, gadgets, YOUR OWN RADIO STATION! AM, FM, cable, licensed, unli- York 11768.
and gizmos to sell. SUPPLIERS contact: Dick Day, 402-379- censed, low cost transmitters! Free information. Broadcast-
1440, P.O. Box 1187, Nortolk, Nebraska 68701. ing, Box 130-A8, Paradise, CA 95969. Classified Adv Contd on Page 96
ELECTR.01J:ECS
~OR.L I.
Personal Electronics News
HANDHELD ELECTRONIC GAMES have been forced to become more innovative in order to
compete with the proliferation of arcade video games. According to Nick Underhill of Entex
Industries, a ma,jor manufacturer of handheld games, pla;yers are becoming increasingly
sophisticated and are now o:tten quicker than the computer. Although the cost for a given level
of game complexity has fallen with the cost of the chips that make the game work, the pla;yers
are demanding more advanced games, which pushes the price back up. Entex's response has
been a 'relatively low-priced system called AdventureVision, whose 6000 pixel dot-matrix
display resembles a TV screen, and is said to be able to reproduce any graphics "from space
mutants to the Mona Lisa." Pla;yers select from among Entex's game cartridges and control the
action with a joystick in one- or two-pla;yer modes.
"SMART CARDS", developed by Intelmatique of France, ma;y soon replace Food Stamps, ac-
cording to Richard Sprague of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. The cards, with microcircuits
printed on them, can be interfaced to a central computer via a terminal at the point of
purchase, which then records the transaction on the card itself. The Reagan administration is
said to be interested in issuing "Smart Cards" to welfare recipients in order to eliminate
paperwork and reduce fraud.
CUBAN RADIO INTERFERENCE was again the subject of testimony given before the House
Commerce Subcommittee on Telecommunications. John B. Summers, Executive Vice President
and General Manager of the National Association of Broadcasters, explained that the Reagan
Administration's proposal to broadcast to Cuba on the 1040 AM frequency via Radio Marti
might provoke Cuban "counter programming" on the same frequency and power level ( 500
kW), causing interference to stations throughout the U.S. operating on that channel. An
alternative, according to Summers, would be to operate Radio Marti at 1610 or 530kHz since
Cuban AM receivers could pick up the broadcasts readily and no U.S. commercial stations
currently operate on those frequencies. Of course, said Summers, the Cubans can interfere with
whatever frequencies they choose to simply by turning a dial. That's why a diplomatic solution
is said to be imperative.
106 POPULAR ELECTRONICS
Protect Your
Stereo System
and Maintain
Its Sound
The D4TM Record Care System
The highly active D4 fluid and unique di-
rectionally fibered pad removes harmful
microdust and debris that can cause
permanent damage to your record-
ings.
The SC-2,M
Stylus Care
System
SC-2 fluid with the
exclusive nylon fibered
brush effectively loosens
and wipes away stylus contamination,
a major contributor to record wear.
The Discwasher
...
04 Record Care System
and the Discwasher SC-2
Stylus Care System are
available separately or
together as DiscSet,M.