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NTgL$pf _lv lphp R>[p `p[p_u [_ NTgL$pf [fuL$ M`phhp dpV$ L$pC
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"dyL$rbg' Ly$fiu_p NTg NygTpf - X$p. Ak.Ak. fplu ...................... 21 `Z L$l R>. Aphp dy[ipCfp_ NTgp gMu hQ_pfpAp kprlseL$ hpfpN_pAp A_
AL$ h$ps[ - `fZ""hp'' - Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u ............................... 27 _peL$pAp S>hp lpe R>. Ap _peL$pAp_ NTgp Mfu]$_pf NplL$p A_ ]$gpgp dmu
fl[p lpe R>. dy[ipCfp_u Aphu S>dp[p D]|$-NyS>fp[u NTg n ]$fL$ ilfdp As[h
"[p `Z Nd' - NyS>fp[u NTg_p \d epN - iL$ug L$p]$fu ................ 30
^fph R>. NTg`W$__u kp\ L$k kcmphhp_p iprM_ AL$ D]|$-NyS>fp[u NTgL$pf
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NTgp ............................................................................. 58 r_Ze gC_ dyipefpAp_u lhp L$pY$u _pMhp_y i$ L$ey AV$g dy[ipCfp_p Mcp `f
dyipefpAp_u b]|$L$p apX$_pfpApA dyipefpdp NTg Npe__u MyS>gu ^fph[p AL$
NyS>fp[u NTgrhhQ_p_p Br[lpkdp \d hM[ Ap QQp .................... 79
NmpbpS> eyhp__ fp[pfp[ ipef b_phu ]$u^p l[p. AV$gyS> _lv, dy[ipefp kp\
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`Z [_ fS|> L$fu ]$B_ D]|$ cpjp_u khp_p ]$d cep l[p....
]$fL$ ilf_p NTgL$pfp dy[ipBf L$pZ R> ? A lL$uL$[ Z[p lpe R>. `f[y
ilf_p dpg[yf gpL$p `pk\u A_ Q|V$ZuAp_u dpkddp gOyd[u_p hpV$ dmhhp
dpN[p fpS>L$pfZuAp `pk\u Q]$p-apmp DOfphu Ap dy[ipCfp S> dyipCfpAp_y
ApepS>_ L$f[p lphp\u S> NTgL$pfp_ dyipCfp_u c|M lpe R> [hp NTgL$pfp [d_u
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[dpd L$pf_u S>hpb]$pfu [ dpL$g_pf/kS>L$_u R>. (3) L$r[dp eL$[ \egp fpS>L$pfZuAp_u "Nyg`piu' `Z L$fhpdp Aph R>. hX$p]$fp_p AL$ MyS>gubpS> D]|$
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ZL$pfu dm A dpV$ `pV$ L$pX$ dpL$ghy. (6) `yfL$pf_u L$pB eh\p _\u. bpSy> `p[p_p `N akpegp fpM R>. dy[ipCfp_ `X$L$pf Ahp NTgL$pfp NyS>fp[dp
(7) kdunp dpV$ `y[L$_u b [ S> dpL$ghu. (8) ` ehlpfdp kf_pdp kp\ L$V$gp ? L$, kyf[dp Ahp L$V$gpL$ S>hpd]$ D]|$ ipefp R> S> "NygTpf A]$b' A_ "D]|$
ap_-dpbpBg _bf gMhp. (9) L$pepge\u fhp_p L$fu ]$u^p `R>u AL$ _ dm [p dL$T' S>hu k\pAp_p _ lW$m qagb]$uA dyipefpAp_y ApepS>_ L$fu_ dy[ipCfp_
[_u S>hpb]$pfu L$pepge_u fli _lv. (10) [dpd L$pe]$pL$ue rhhp]$p_p r_fpL$fZ_y DOpX$p `pX$ R>. Aphp "qagb]$uA' dyipefpdp cpN ghp_u rld[ "dy[ipCfp'dp
A]$pg[u n hX$p]$fp fli. lp[u S> _\u. L$pfZ L$ S>ep dyipefp lpe ep bku_ NTg gMhu `X$[u lpe R>. S>
ilu]$ NTg 2 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 3 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 ""hpZudp L$X$hpi _ h[_dp iyhV$ "lbub'
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r[`m h]$_pA [_p h__ OX$ey R>. h]$_p_p krh[_ Z[p Ap L$rh
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h__p S>Ndp rhS>e dmhhp_u BR>phpmp dpZk_ L$rh Apd rhpk
`]$p L$fhp_u iuM Ap` R> (bQ_ hpkphX$u) A_ AX$N[p `|hL$ drTg [fa
Nr[ L$f[p QfZp Ahe rhS>e_ hf R>. (A]$ub Ly$fiu), [p h__ kl_is[\u
kh_pfu rh`]$pAp_ L$rh kpd\u r_d R> -
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h_dp S> L$B Ap]$pg_ EW$ R>. [_p ]$pfu kQpf [p L$pC bu_p lp\dp S> R>. pfp "rh]$iu NTgp' _pd k`p]$_ L$ey l[y. Apd Ap_u _p^ Apk`pk_p hjpdp
[_y L$pd L$hm QpgL$ ApNmu_p Bipf _pQhp_y R>. L$rh Ap rhhi s\r[_p rQ[pf
Ap`[p [huf hpkphX$u L$l R> -
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tS>]$Nu `Z fd[ fdpX$ R>.'' - rbsdg Ly$r[ep_hu.
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h[y[: ge `lgp_p, [^[p_p Apcpk Ap`u fy R>.
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ge ANpD_p Apfpd `Z lpe.' - fpl[ d]$lpiu
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ilu]$ NTg 8 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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hN_u hpfp, Mp, ddZ kprle - kp^_pdp KX$p fk ^fph[u l[u.
`p[p_u kp\ S>d[ kL$pfp A_ Nm\|\u_u cpjp - dp[cpjp NyS>fp[u gC
Negu Ap A `pqL$[p_ S>B A b^p_u S>[_`|hL$ dphS>[ L$fu A_ Adp_u
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L$fu. D]|$ NTg - kprle_u R>R>pepdp DR>f[u Ap NyS>fp[u NTg_ D]|$_p
rhL$pk A_ kL$pf_p hpfkp_u Ap\ dmu. ApTp]$u `R>u_p 53 hj_p Npmpbp]$
2000_p hjdp `pqL$[p_dp\u IgX$_p dpQV$f S>C_ hkgp NTgL$pf -
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ghpB.
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Apq]$ ]$r_L$`p_p A_ iplu_, `qfQe, kr_L$, rQfpN, ddZ e|T Apq]$
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NyS>fp[u A]$b, `pL$ dygud kprle dX$m, NyS>fp[u L$rh kN[ hNfA `Z
Ap NTg_p DL$jdp etL$rQ[ apmp Apep. `pqL$[p_dp ep[p Ap[ffp$ue
dyipefpApdp NyS>fp[-dlpfp$ \u ie]$p, dfuT, Aprkd fp]$fu, b]$fu L$pQhpgp,
bp]$fpeZ, N_u ]$lvhpmp, rihLy$dpf iu, Apq]$g dkyfu, QL$p[ bnu,
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NlZ L$f[u flu. ep_p NTgL$pfp_p 8-10 NTgkNlp L$V$ \ep, `Z [
L$pmL$hrg[ \C Nep lpC D`g^ L$fhp dyL$g l[p. `pqL$[p_dp hk[p aTg
d_Nfu, A_ frkL$ dOpZu_u klpe\u dmu iL$u [V$gu pe NTgp AL$
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kpNf Ly$r[ep_hu, rbsdg Ly$r[ep_hu, le]$fAgu hpZu, bMy]$ ^pfpS>hu,
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R>. [ hmp \egp kNlp `L$u dTf Ly$r[ep_hu frQ[ "fQ_p', le]$f Agu hpZu
frQ[ "Tf', ]$u`L$ bpfX$pguL$f frQ[ "Nygdpf_p OyV$' D`g^ R>. 47 `L$u_p
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`Z dm R>.
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`Z Ap gM_pf Ap b^p_ dm[u Aph[u [d_u L$pe-L$r[_p Ap^pf Ap
kdunp-ep`dp [d_p kdphi L$ep R>.
d_y e_ h p_u Ap L$ r hAp _ u r$ hp[hgnu R> . A_ [ d _u
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`qfZpd h[u cg_ bmu_ MpM \B e, [d_ [p [d_p ^^p kp\ r_b[
R>, kdpS>dp Aipr[ agphhu-Ap[L$ dQphhp [d_p dL$k]$ R>. Ap i'fdp
Ap[L$hp]$uAp [fa Bipfp R>.
S>ep bpSy>dp fl_pf `pX$piu_u L$pC_ `X$u _\u. [hy L$rd _Nfh_ [_p
dpV$ AklS>, L$rd[p`|Z _ kq]$^ fy R>. Aphp _Nf `fh Ap$pi W$pgh[p
[ L$l R> -
""fN b]$g R> A_L$hpf _Nf_p gpL$p
kpS lufp kdp gpN _ khpf `\f.'' - d]$lpi r[frdTu
ilu]$ NTg 7 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
Apepdp_ NlZ L$f[u rhL$pk_p `\ L$p`u flu R>. cphNpcue A_ Nl_[p\u [ "Ay b_u_ dpV$udp dmhy L$b|g R>
kd A_ k` R>. NyS>fp[u NTg_u dS>g A rhL$pkNp\pdp [_p AhpS> fpmu L$pC_p f_, Nhlf _lv b_y.' - dTlf ap$L$u
Npfhcf AqL$[ \B iL$ [d R>. NyS>fp[u NTg_p Br[lpkdp [_u Ahlg_p L$
d_p `\_ [ MpX$p_u ^pf `f Qpghp S>hp - Apd-kd`Z_p cph\u
D`np S>fpe Qpgu iL$ [d _\u. [_p `fh ApMtdQpdZp L$fhpdp Aphi,
cfgp dp_ R>.
[p NyS>fp[u NTg_p Br[lpk A^|fp flu S>i.
"Mg Ze_p Apd _ Mg
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_p^ R> L$ ""rh]$idp fQp[u NTgp, NTg-Cr[lpk_u ANe_u L$X$uAp R>, [ lp X $ d p `l g p dp\y d g ' - Opeg Ly $ r [ep_hu
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A^|fp fl.'' Ap `y[L$_p Qp\p AphfZ `f NTgL$pf d_lf dp]$u gM R> : S>dp_p [dp AX$QZ $` \pe, [p R>gp pk ky^u [ kpd gX$u ghp_u [_u
""NyS>fp[u NTg ApS> riMf `f R>. NyS>fp[u NTgL$pfp ]$idp A_ rh]$idp [epfu R>.
S> fu[ A_ S> Y$b i]$p_ NTgde b_ph R>, A TuZu A_ frkL$ _S>f hp
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S>hy R>. Ap NTg_u `|f`|fu hp[ L$ep rh_p_p NyS>fp[u L$rh[p_p Cr[lpk A^|fp
tld[ lp [p fpL$u g S>dp_p' - ipqL$f hf[
A_ EZp NZpi.'' rh]$iu NTgpdp kL$rg[ NTgp_ d_lf dp]$u "NyS>fp[u
NTg_u Bdpf[_u ApNhu A_ dS>b|[ HV$p' NZ R>. `pqL$[p_dp fQpegu Ap A_ [\u S> [ L$l R> : ""Apkh cfu_ d "L$df' dlqagdp DOpX$ R>pN
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Ad]$php]$-380001

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 A_ - "_ a}L$p Erd_u fpM ApS>, cc|L$u EW$i, [p S>hpm b_i.
Ze_p Xy$Nf hV$phu ]$i, l ky^u cu_u cu_u ApMp'
- frkL$ dOpZu
]$pX$u_ \pL$ep A-ip Apfpd afdph[p kde_ b]$g [ bfpL$ Nr[A
Qpg[p geNpdu A_ r_$p cep L$pQbp_ ip^hp_u _d ^fph R>. [_u Nr[
`Z Ahu S> hZfpL$ A_ k[[ drTgNpdu R>.
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_uL$my lz L$pQbp_u ip ^ dp ' - kp T d_Nfu
"dp_h[p `flfu dpZk ApS> `p[p_u [_ R>[fu fp R>', (L$gud
Adfghu) "]y$M_p Mug b^pep lphp R>[p Npg [dpQp dpfu dgL$p[p flhy,
Ahu dp_hue tS>]$Nu_ [ k kdS> R>' (kpT d_Nfu) A_ D`f D`f\u
kph kp-`pNmp-V$NydNy ]$Mp[p dpZk_u dep]$p A_ nd[p b__ [ keL$
cph AL$ S> i'fdp r_$` R>.
"S>fpdp_ khp [p d|Tpe dpZk
ib]$ b L$lu ]$p [p `X$Ope dpZk'
"k[[ k| e ` W $ S>m[p fl `Z
S>fp a} L $ gpN , W$ f u e dpZk'
L$]$u `p_Mfdp _ X$pm epN
L$]$u cf hk [ Mfu e dpZk - TpqL$ f D`g V $ h u
AL$ kudp ky^u dpZk b^y kl_ L$fu iL$ R>, `Z [_u kudp Aphu NB
[p [ cc|L$u EW$R> -
"fp[p_ A q]$hkdp afhu _pM,
Bkp__ L$pC b]$pf L$f [p.' - _Tf Na}fu
"bfa S>hp W$X$pNpf ]$Mp[p dpZk_p gpludp `kN `X$e Dbpg (Ecfp)
`Z Aphu iL$ R>', (]$u`L$ bpfX$pguL$f) Aphp dpd|gu S>Zp[p dpZk ApS>
Q A_ dNm [fa Arcep_ L$fu fp R>. `p[p_pdp flgu Aphu nd[p-
is[p[_ dpZk `p[ `Z L$ep `|f`|fu fu[ `pfMu iL$ep R> ? [_u ApmM
[ `|f`|fu L$ep L$mhu iL$ep R> ?
ilu]$ NTg 10 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
""[d ip ^ u fp R>p e\ dy S >_
d_ `p[p_ `Z lz L$ep S>X$ep Ry> ?'' - aTg d_Nfu
AL$ bpSy> A^|fu flu Negu BR>pAp_ `|fu L$fhp_u [L$ Ap`hp dpV$
`p[p_ \pX$uhpf \pcu S>hp rh_hZu L$f R>, [p bu bpSy> sgk|a_p r_N|Y$ cph
cfpB hR>pA S>N_ R>pX$hp_u hp[ L$f R> -
""R>pX$u fp Ry>, ApS> br^epf rh_
L$ped dpV$ L$pZ fl L$pfphpkdp ?' - Opeg Ly$r[ep_hu
Apdp Mprmey epNu `fdpd-h$`dp dmu e, [hp [_p hr_-
kL$[ R>. Nd [ lpe h_ A_ dey b_ Npfhh[p dm, [ [_p Arcgpj R>.
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dpf [p A d L $ lz Nh g iLy $ . '' - fauL$ ldu]$ p Zu
Aphp d_ye_p Apiphp]$ `Z KQp R>, [_p h_p kp\L$e_y bm ^fph
R>.
"`pd [yjpf tS>]$Nu Ad[ r_hpkdp,
Ahu Djp_u ip^dp Q ky^u Nep.'
"[dpd k|fS> _hp EOX$i, L$]$uL$ Ahu khpf `X$i.
ge_u L$epfL$ fp[ Y$mi, L$]$uL$ Ahu khpf `X$i' - frkL$ dOpZu
NTgdp i'f epfS> huL$[ \pe, epf [ hS>_dp-gedp gMpegp
lpe "S> hS>_dp _\u gM[p, [_ R>]$ipu _Tf Na}fu ipef dp_hp [epf _\u.''
cpjp_y `p[ L$epL$ L$epL$ Ap NTgpdp rir\g `X$ R>. tgN (r[)-hQ_-
L$pm A_ L$pfL$_u nr[Ap L$epL$ L$epL$ X$pqL$ep L$fu e R>. R>[p cph-L$pi_
Ap NTgpdp kd R>. ""rh]$idp dp[cpjp_u S> ]y$]$ip \C flu R>, [_p `f\u
L$rh_ gpNu fy R> L$ ^fp `f L$pC NyS>fp[u bep _\u.'' (_Tf Na}fu)
`qV$ey fmhp `f]$i Aphgp dpZk_y d_ [p ]$idp [_p rhepNdp T|f[u
S> L$muA L$muA L$`p[u re[dp `pk R> A_ [_u ep]$dp [_u ApMp cu_u \pe R>.
"rh]$i_u k|_u k|_u kX$L$ Ad c|gp `X$u Nep, `Z
`R>u[\u L$epL$ X|$kL$p R>gL$, lSy> ky^u cu_u cu_u ApMp,' - frkL$ dOpZu
Aphu cph-ibg[p\u cfgu `pqL$[p_u L$rhAp_u ipefu h__p rhrh^
ilu]$ NTg 11 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 Erd _ u Cdpf[ QZ[p L$rh... lj A_ ]$] $ rdr[ "T| f [p Dgpk'
lfui hV$phhpmp Nygpd Abpk "_pip]$'
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: Apf. Apf. iW$_u L$`_u : dybC A_ Ad]$php]$. X$du kpCT : `$ kep dyL$[L$ kNl R>. `pg_`yf_u kprlseL$ `f`fp_ h[ A_ ^bL$[u fpM_pf Ap
96, qL$d[ $$&. 60.00) kS>L$ `pg_`yf_p Npfh A_ NyS>fp[_p b_d|_ NTgL$pf "i|e' `pg_`yfu_p
NTg kS> L $ "fpT' _hkpfhu_p \d NTgk N l "Erd _ p ri`' rie R> A_ A_p Ad_ Nh R>. `p[p_u _d[p A_ `p[p_p Nh_ [Ap Ap fu[
(1982) L$V$ \ep epf\u Ap kS>L$ kp\ dpf gugfp kb^. `R>u [p A fS|> L$f R>.
dyL$[L$ A_ [Tdu_ kNl "Erd_p dp[u' (2000) A_ Ap u NTg kNl
[ "Erd_u Cdpf[' (2009) gC_ Aph R>. i$Ap[\u S> Ap kS>L$ kcp_`Z "i|e' _p Ry> "ig -' Qgp,
NTgL$d L$fu fp R>. Alv L$rh_u kNis[_p bm Ddj L$V$[p C iL$pe A L $X$p O| V $u fp Ry > .
R>. rhij [p Ap L$rhA cph_ eS>_p pfp eL$[ L$ep R>. [p tS>]$Nu_y KXy$ "ig' `pg_`yfu kp^_-k` eqL$[ R>, `f[y Ad_y A[f L$p'L$ ANe
tQ[_ `Z \pX$p i]$pdp Ae[ kfm[p\u eL$[ L$ey R>. dp_hQ[_p_p rhrh^ [fk_u A_yc|r[ L$f R>. Apd Ad_u NTgpdp rhjp]$_y p^pe fl R> `Z kp\
cphp_ kfm bp_udp O|V$ep R> NTg_u hrhe A A_u AL$ bpSy> R>, [p Ad_u r$, Ad_y AhgpL$_ h__p rhrh^ `pkpAp_ `i R> A_ A fu[
ep`L$ [ p A _ u bu bpSy > R> . "fpT'_u NTgdp \ u hr_[ \[p ge A_
Ad_u NTgp hrhekcf b_u flu R>. Ad_u fS|>Ap[ dpZdp kfm R>[p
i]$dp^ye_u [pS>Nude Aphp$ R>pgL$ hpN R>. [d S> [uL$ A_ L$`_p
pfp ky]$f rQp D`kphhp_p [d_p epk gM gpep R> : h^L$ R>. D`fp[ [Ap NTg-`f`fp_ `Z hap]$pf fl R>.
L$pC bpmL$ S>d lz bky kde_u f[ `f, a}g Tuep-\u fd[ `[i _lv,
hpefp_u cp[ c| k pep _ ]$ p f pep L$ f . `\fp_p `Z hplp Aphi. (`. 13)
Alv L$rhA bpgQpg_u cpjp_p epN "hpefp_u cp[' pfp rhrh^ epku Ap M p A h u fX$i ,
`qfdpZp_y enuL$fZ L$ey R>. AV$gy S> _rl, _pSy>L$ L$`_p_p Q[prh[pf L$fu kp[ kd ] $f a} V $u `X$i . (` . 31)
cphL$rQdp Ape\u `|Z ky^u `lpQu_ `p[p_u kNis[_ bmhf L$fu R>
A_ A fu[ kNQ[_p_p k`i\u i'f_y L$mp$` b^pey R> [dS> cph, cpjp, AS>hpm k [ pC S>_pfp !
L$`_, [uL$ hNf [hp_y fkpeZ klS> fu[ fkpC NmpC QmpC_ L$V$ \ey R>, A ^ pf cV$L$pC S>ip [p ? (` . 23)
Alv Ap i'f_p cph he`V$ R>. S> kS>_-rhkS>_ \[y fl R> [ bpmklS> L$rh[p, Mpk L$fu_ NTg [p A[f_u h]$_p kh]$_p_p `X$Op R>, ]$e_u
Apeh[ ApM dp ep S> L$fhp_y R>. \pX$pL$ S> i]$p pfp cph_ `$$ ErdAp_u cpjp R>, tQ[_ A rhQpfp_u hpQp R>. A lj D]$Npf `Z lpC iL$
L$fhp_p L$rhL$kb Ap kS>L$_p kS>_dp\u `$ \pe R>. Ap i'f `Z dpZhp
[p L$]$u Quk-rQL$pf `Z lpC iL$. "ig' `pg_`yfu_u NTgp Apd [p h]$_p_p,
S>hp R> :
rQL$pf_p `X$Op Tug R>. `Z Adp ]$e_u `uX$p lj-ErdAp A_ Ze[fk
Sy>A R> A[ ]y$r_ep A [p dep]$p _S>f_u R>,
`Z dpZhp dm R>. hmu Ze_u _L$[ kp\ ]$uO tQ[__p `Z Alkpk dm
D]$e kp\ S> r_b[ R> eyNp\u Apa[pbp_.
R>. Ad_p A]$pT S> _pMp R>.
Ap L$rh_u NTgp [`pk[p Ze, L$r[, L$`_, [uL$ A_ kp[_p cph
ep_pl b_ R>. Ap L$rh L$pC AL$ S> `qfhidp, L$`_dp, gedp, R>]$dp b "ig' ley ER>m L$p ApV$gy ?
_\u. hrhe A_ kyfM cpjp epN cphL$d__ [fb[f L$f R>. L$CL$ [d_ gpNZu \p[u li. (`. 6)
ilu]$ NTg 16 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 13 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 AdZ epS> KQL$ep O|OV$,
d L$y, buS>_u L$gp iy R> ? (`. 38)
ce rdg_ `f L$p _ dfuA ?
gM Qp f pku V$m[y h_. (` . 3)
Alv Ad_p ]$edp fd[u _L$[ kp\ Ze-Ap[yf[p_u TgL$ dmu
flu R>.
h[dp_ kde cpr[L$-gpgkpAp_p eyN R>. gpNZu, d, kh]$_p, _ur[-
r_ed_ ^_ A_ Nr[gpcu kdpS> lh S|>_hpZu kdS>hp gpep R>. Adp\u S>
ApOp[ Ap`_pfp L$pfZp A_ b_php ke R>. kS>L$_ Aphp b_phpdp\u `kpf
\hp_y \ey R>, Aphp b_php_p kpnu b_hp_y \ey R> epf Ad_y kh]$_iug L$rh
]$e `p[p_u `uX$p_ lpW$p ky^u _ gph `Z A ]$]$ rhjp]$ [p S>dph S> R> A_
Ad_p L$V$gpL$ Dd i'f Ap rhjp]$dp\u NV$[p S>Zpep R>.
O AZR>pS>[y `Z ke R> kp]$e_u kp\,
OZp L$pV$p kyd_ kp\ blpfp dmhu g R>. (`. 9)
lpe L $ hu _]$u bfa_u [y !
]$u' Eep [pe ApNmu S> _\u. (`. 21)
fpd_p _pd [f R> `\fp ,
fpd\u `\f R>[p [f[p _\u. (`. 30)
ley gpM ka]$u ^fi,
]y$r_ep A_ L$pmy L$fi.
]y$]$ipdp ApS>_ `pk _ Aph [p e iy ?
dp[ S>hp dp[_y `Z ApNd_ \p[y _\u. (`. 66)
`y[L$dp 38 S>V$gp dyL$[L$p `Z R>. Alv Ad_u CR>p, Ap\p, L$d-
^d_p `qfQe dm R> A_ A fu[ Ad_u NTg\u dyL$[L$ AgN [fu Aph R>.
L$epe dp_h_u S>$f[ lpe, dyS>_ kp]$ ]$p !
]$p X $[p Aphy L$_ A h p d_ Ddp]$ ]$p !
L$ep cgp kdp__p Ar^L$pf dyS>_ gi `Z ?
L$C L$fu MfMf AS> Apiuhp]$ ]$p. (`. 58)
ilu]$ NTg 14 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
"T|f[p Dgpk' A[f_ hpQ__p Dgpk Ap` R>, T|fp`p_u A_yc|r[
L$fph R>, kyM rdr[ ]$]$_p `qfQe L$fph R>,
"ig' Ahy kfk ]$f]$ Muey,
lS> `Z kpfhpf \C _ iL$u. (`. 22)
Ap `y[L$dp AL$ i'f Ahp `Z dm R> S> "ig' `pg_`yfu_p es[h_u
r`R>pZ DNf L$f R>.
AL$ S> L$pd Zedp L$u^y,
gu^y A \ u bd ]$ u ^ y . (` . 35)
Aphp r_$php_ kS>L$ S> Ae[ e[ h_ h[p S>Zpe R> [p Ap`Z
Ahy CR>uA L$ \pX$p h^y kde NTg_ apmh A_ _hp Dgpk kp\ _hkS>_
L$V$ph.
Nygpd Abpk "_pip]$'_p Ap `y[L$p [d ep ?
(1) "NTg rifpdrZ dfuT'
(dfuT_y h_-L$h_ A_ Aphp]$ `. 71) d|e : $$&. 45/-
(2) "ApQd_'
(72 NTgL$pfp_u NTgp_p Aphp]$ `. 169) d|e : $$&. 110/-
(3) "A_fp^pf'
(110 NTgL$pfp_u NTgp_p Aphp]$ `. 255) d|e : $$&. 165/-
(4) "Akbpb'
(49 NTgL$pfp_u NTgp_p Aphp]$ `. 180) d|e : $$&. 120)
ApS> S> d N php :
f_p]$ L$pi_, 58/2, buS> dpm, S>_ ]$fpkf kpd, Np^u fpX$,
Ad]$php]$ - 380001.
ilu]$ NTg 15 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 bpfu blpf i|e[p MX$MX$ lku`X$u;
Ofdp D]$pk dp__p V$pmp lmu Nep.
L$`p L$fu_ Mybp AgN [pfhp _lv;
a} g p _ u hQ \pL$ u _ f N p k| [ p l[p !
q]$hkp S> ]$p[ S>d Alv Ap\du Nep;
k|fS>_u S>d _lv [p Ad `Z Ecp l[p !
Apd, epd A_ epd_u L$pe gugpA ApNhy S> AL$ cphdXm L$rh[p
S>N[dp \p`u Ap`gy R>. Ad_u A_L$ NTg A_ iAf frkL$ cphL$p_p le
A_ lpW$ R>.S>_u AhNZ_p L$pC\u \C iL$ Ad _\u. lp,Ad_p h__p Ar[d
hjpdp kfL$pfu C_pd-AL$fpd bpb[ L$peh_p kh[h\u L$V$gpL$ A^|qfep
A_ k \pL$ u e- fpS>L$ u e `n kp\ _ p lS| > qfepAp A rb_S>$ f u Dlp`p l
dQphgp.Mf...
AL$hpf fpS>L$pV$ Mp[ ApL$pihpZu_p fL$pqX$Ndp `Z Adpf dmhp_y bey.
L$rh kSy> hpmp_p ApNl_ hi \C Ad Ad_p Of fp[ fpL$pep.fpq bW$L$ `Z
M|b du .ep\u khpf r_fp[ _uL$ep.qfnp _lv dmhp\u D_pmp_p [`[p [p`dp
Ad M| b ]| $ f ky ^ u Qpg[p Qpg[p Apep.epdbp`y L$ l - lh ep L $
bkuA.AV$gpdp AL$ apV$p Vy$qX$ep_u blpf bW$L$ eh\p ]$MpZu.bW$p A_
ep `pZu dpey. [p L$l - apV$p `X$phip ? kde `pfMu_ d lp L$lu A_ A]$f
S>C Ad \pX$uL$ W$X$L$ dpZu. apV$p `X$ph[u hM[ epdbp`y L$l : AMX$ fpM.
apV$p `X$pep A_ dpfy kf_pdy gMpey. A S> apV$prV$ dpL$gy Ry>. epd kdu`_p
dfZ kp\....
iL$ug L$p]$fu_p Ap `y[L$p [d ep ?
_p ep lpe [p ApS> S> dNphp ....
(1) "dfuT'
(dfuT_p h_ A_ L$h__p Or_$ `qfQe `. 192) d|e : $$&. 75/-
(2) "NTg'
(NTg h$`_u gpS>hpb QQp L$f[p N\ `. 142) d|e : $$&. 75/-
L$piL$ :
`p `sgL$i_, r_ip`pm, ThfuhpX$,
qfgua fpX$, Ad]$php]$-380001.
ilu]$ NTg 20 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
d _ p\ _ p $ ` S> huL$ p fu gCA ,
hp[ ]y$r_ep_u _lv L$fuA Cbp]$[ hQ.
rdg__p "fpT' kdep L$f R>,
nZp S> f_u L $ h u L$ X $ u R> .
bpghp ]$p, ]$e_p kp S>dp,
Ap S> `lgu S> hpf bpg R>.
Alv k|d kh]$_p, cph kL$g_p, kpdprS>L$ k]$cp, AL$g[p, Mpgu`p,
nZcNyf[p S>hp A_L$rh^ $`p kS>L$_p Akop[ d_-Unconsious mind
dp\u i]$$` L$V$ \ep R> A_ i]$p A A\ eS>L$[p_u A`pf iL$e[pAp
NTg_ OpV$ Ap` R>. buSy> L$ Ap kS>L$_u NTgp bpgQpg_u cpjpdp gMpegu
R>, S>\u [ kpdpe cphL$_u h^y _L$ flu R>. D. [. :
Ahp Ahkf_u ]y$Ap dpNu fp Ry> Ap My]$p !
[ S >_u f M p a} V $ A d p \ u Ql f p _uL$m .
Ald_u kfl]$pdp\u _uL$mhy M|b AOfy R>,
A_ kNd_p `pZu S>d dmhy M|b AOfy R>.
Ry>V$L$pfpe _\u _ dTp Aph[u _\u,
cf]$qfe fnpm_u hQ hy Ry> lz.
L$rh "fpT'_u NTgpdp rgqfL$g dp^ye S>mhpey R> A_ [d_p `p[uL$p
AhpS> fZL$ R>. Ap[fbp r$A L$rh k[[ rhL$k[p fp R>. [dZ S> A_ycey
R> [ [dZ NTgdp Apey R> A_ AV$g S> gpL$pf NTgp gMu iL$ep R>.
fQ_p_u Qpfy[p_ gu^ A\_u kdS>Z A_ Aphp]$ Sy>]$p `pX$u iL$p[p _\u.
L$pegM_ \d ]$e en \pe R>, `R>u S> L$pNm `f E[f R> [ [p kL$pf R>.
A h p k| a u_p QfZ_u ^| m \u dp\y cfy ,
"fpT' ]y$r_epdp flu ]y$r_ep\u S> ApTp]$ R>.
L$rhrQdp Ngp `]$_p i]$_u Ap[f hQpdp hi L$fu NTgdp
r_$r`[ L$f R>. epf kS>L$ kr$_u ]$fL$ es[, h[y, `]$p\_ `p[p_u r$\u
Sy>A R>, Tug R>, [`pk R> A_ rQdp D[pf R> [_p\u `q]$[ \C AL$
d_pN[ t`X$ [epf L$f R>. A t`X$dp\u AL$ L$r[ [epf L$f R> A_ A L$r[_
ApL$r[dp Y$pmu_ _hp ArMg_ L$V$ L$f R>. kS>L$rQdp\u `kpf \egp Aphp
bmhf i]$ Ou_u q]$hV$dp flg Ar_u S>d epr[$` L$V$u bp_u kr$_y
L$rh_u kr$dp $`p[f L$f R>. Aphp bmh[ L$rh `p[p_y AN[ rh gC Aph R>.
A_p AN[ rhdp\u L$V$[p i]$_ [ OX$[f `i Ap`u_ L$per_dpZ L$fu
i]$_ geb b_ph R>. Ap ge_ `pdgp i]$ cphL$d__ [fb[f L$f R>.
ilu]$ NTg 17 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 epd kdu` ...
]$p_ hpOgp
AL$ A_ych_p dmhpdp; k|fS> Eep kp OV$_pdp !
k|]$ S>hp h T|f R>; [d_ dmhp_u fdZpdp !
Ny S >fp[u kprledp NTgn , N[` Y $ u _p ^| f ^ f N u-aL$ u f S> h p
Sy>_pNY$_p L$rhu epd kp^y_p D`fp[ iAf k]$c L$V$guL$ hp[_ hpNpmuA.
A kdedp `p[p_u hL$ue dyp D`kph_pf L$rhu d_pS> MX$qfep; fdi `pfM;
d_lf dp]$u; rQ_y dp]$u hNf_u kS>_ `r[cp_p ee r_[p[ NTgh kp\ Dd
Lpeh kp\_p fp R. Adpe epd kp^y_y L$peR>pNy Ap[:[h, cph, cpjp
r_hlZ A_ R>]$ge_p rhrh^ `qfdpZdp ApNhy r[r_q^h ^fph R>.`p[p_u
Jdf_p R>gp `pQL$ hjdp [p NTgdp `yf`yfu NyS>fp[u[p dpV$ dppdm A_
Nu[ge_p klpf Apd Ap]$du A_ kpdprSL$ Apr\L$ fu[ `R>p[hN_u `uX$p kp\_p
`X$L$pf_ Tughp `Z rhij[:e_iug fp l[p. A AN epd kp^y kp\ Ap
gM_pf_ $b$dp OZu QQpAp A_ `-ehlpf `Z \ep R>. NTgL$ p f ]$ p _
_pS|L$ cph`]$_p L$pedp Tug[p Ap L$rh_y ]$e A_ h L$V$guL$ DL$V hpOgpA u epd kp^y
TM_pAp `Z kh R. Dd Apiphp]$ kp\_p `[uL$-L$`__u Ny\Zu A_ kp\ fpS>L$ p V $ Mp[
L$peigu `eL$ eqL$[_p h__u OV$_p kdu r_$`p[u e R>.Ap kp^y_p `X$phgu [huf.
Ap]$i `Z ApNhp A_ A_pMp [u[ \pe R>. ""Qgp, q]$hk_ [pfZ bp^p;
fid S>hu `m `X$Mpdp !'' [p hp[rhL$[p A_ p `Z rd R>. dpZp...
gug y R >d gl f R> D`h_; V$ l z L $ p _p drldp L$ f hpdp !
kp^y L$ p _ Ap ep Ap M ? L$ `h n Eep k`_pdp !
[p. 15-6-1941 _p fpS> S>dgp NTgL$pf u epd kp^y_y [p.:16-
12-2001 _p fpS> ]$lphkp_ \egy. `f[y ApS> `Z Ad_y _pd dfZ \[p 2002_p d dpkdp
^p[u,L$a_u^pfu, _lpm dypdp kp_ dmhp Ap[yf lpe Ahp dm[phX$p gpN. u fpS> gM[fhu NTg
""epephfu''A_ ""\pX$p bu C^_yj'' Ad_p M|b Ap]$f`p L$pe kNlp kNl "gpS>hpb'_p rhdpQ_
R>. Ad_u L$rh[p_y cphrhh kpdpe kprler`e erL$[_ `Z ku^y S> `iwe kN iL$ug L$p]$fuA gu^gu
Ahy flgy R>. kfm[p A_ klS>[p_ h_ L$h_dp rhij dlh Ap`[p lphp epd kp^y A_ az g
R>[p L$V$gpL$ Ap[qfL$ hkhkp `Z AL$e d_pe\pkp\ cpNh[p flgp. ep,Ap _pZphV$u_u [huf.
k]$c b-Z iAf Ad_p dpZu gCA....
ilu]$ NTg 18 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 19 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 Ay A lmhy a} g ]$ e _ b_pey R> ,
TpL$m kdp e cpf ]$e `f _\u fp.
b^pdp [dpfp S> lfp d ep,
Adpfu dlpb[_p `X$Op `X$ R>.
"dyL$rbg'_u NTgpdp L$V$gpe Ahp fk\p_p R> ep AV$L$hp_y d_ \pe !
L$rh `p[p_u p A_ rhpk_p fZL$pf_ Ap fu[ i'fdp Y$pm R> :
lz AL$ iy A_L$ eyNp_ hu gCi,
h_dp AL$ hpf dygpL$p[ Ap`S>.
Ad _af[ [dpfu epfdp `gV$phu ]$hp_p,
Dcp f'ip [d AL$ ]$u' Adpf pf Aphu_.
rhpk [p hlpZ Qpg[p lpe R>. `f[y bu `f rhpk fpM_pf L$rh_
\egp L$X$hp A_ych [d_u `pk\u Aphp i'f A`ph R> :
rhpkdp L$pC_p Ahp \ep A_ych,
a}gp b_u Nep R> L$pV$p _S>f_u kpd.
re[dp_y h[_ _ kde epf L$rh_p d_dp S> q^pcph Nu EW$ R>
[_u dpX$Zu L$rh Ap fu[ L$f R> :
[dpfp My]$_y h[_ `Z _\u kd[y dpfp\u,
r[fL$pfp R>p dyS>_, Ofdp fpMp R>p R>bu dpfu.
d_p d|e L$epfe AL$p[p _\u. Ap khhuL$[ hp[ L$fhp L$rh r_h]$_dp
kfu `X$ R> epf [d_u `pk\u L$hp Akp^pfZ i'f dm R> [ Sy>Ap :
cg_ pZ_u Apl}r[ Ap`p [p e iy ?
S>N[dp epf_p L$pC ]$u' d|g \pe _lv.
q]$ h p_Nu_ L$ p C q]$ i p lp [ u _\u. ]$ u hp_Nu A_ q]$ i p [p A L $ b u_p
rhfp^pcpku R>. Sy>Ap Ap i'f :
N[pNd L$C _\u dyS>_ L$ L$pbp L$C q]$ipdp R>,
L$ [yS> Jbf\u d[L$_ EW$phu lz _\u iL$[p.
NTgdp gpOh_u L$mp_p rhr_epN L$hu fu[ L$fhp [_u `pL$u k|TkdS>
ilu]$ NTg 24 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
"dy L $rbg' Ly $ f i u_p NTg Ny g Tpf
X$p. Ak. Ak. fplu
NyS>fp[u NTg_u hp[ _uL$m ep S> cph_Nf_p NTgL$pfp_p d$d `N
ApNm ^`gp L$pagp _S>f QX$ ! "dS>_|' (1892-1959), "iplbpT'
(1910-1955), A_ "Mgug' (1911-1953) S>hp ipefpA NTg_p
dS>b|[ `pep _pep. [p "fpi_' NyS>fp[u (1911-1957), "S>qV$g' epk
(1917-1987), X$p. bVy$L$fpe l. `X$ep (1918-1986), rNf^fgpg
"dy M u' (1920-1981), "hgu' gpMpZu (1924), "_prTf' ] $ M e p
(1921-1988), "kpqL$_' L$ihpZu (1929-1971), "drgL$' dpld]$
(1929), d|miL$f rh]$u "`|S>L$' (1929-1991), lfu ]$h (1930-
1995), dl "kduf' (1931-1982) A_ bfL$[ hufpZu "ba pd'
(1923-1994) S>hp dlh_p ipefpA NTg^pfp_ l[u A_ ^bL$[u fpMu.
NTg_p Ap hpldp "qL$d[' Ly$fiu (1921-1995) A_ "dyL$rbg' Ly$fiu
(1925-2005) b^yAp_ L$d cygpe ? NTg-_Td-dyL$[L$_p kS>_dp
Ap b_ cpBAp `Z X$pep. [dZ [d_u k|T, L$mpL$ue r$ A_ kNis[ hX$
NTgdp _p^`p L$pd L$fu b[pey. Ap gMdp "dyL$rbg' kplb_p ]$p_ rhi
\pX$u hp[ L$fhp_p D`$d R>.
[d_y d|m _pd A]y$g L$fud Qp]$cpB Ly$fiu. 24 S|>_ 1925_p fpS>
^^yL$p [pgyL$p_p fpZ`yfdp [d_p S>d. cph_Nf_u ApX$ lpBL|$gdp dqV$L$
ky^u_p Aepk. hV$_ fgh_p cph_Nf qX$rhT_dp qX$rhT_ kyrV$X$V$_u
Apqakdp kur_ef L$gpL$ [fuL$ L$pdNufu bhu B.k. 1983dp r_h \ep.
[dZ [d_p hX$ugb^y "qL$d[' Ly$fiu_ NTgp fQ[p C fZp dmhu.
([\u [p "dyL$rbg' [d_p \d NTgkNl "`dfpV$' [d_p dpV$p cpB "qL$d['
Ly$fiu_ A`Z L$ep R>.) [dp "Mgug' cph_Nfu A_ "bbk' cph_NfuA
pkpl_ Apey. B.k. 1945dp L$pe]$ ApTd S>_pb dpld]$Agu rS>pl_
kbp^u_ [dZ AL$ NTg gMu, S> cph_Nf dysgd rhp\w dX$m_p dyM`
"[yjpf'dp NV$ \B. Apd [dZ NTgn fu[kf hi L$ep.
"dyL$rbg' Ly$fiu_p Qpf kNlp L$pri[ \ep R>. [dp "`dfpV$' (1958),
"Ny g Tpf' (1972) A_ "kaf' (1996) A_ "d r Tg' (2008) _p
ilu]$ NTg 21 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
kdphi \pe R>. "`dfpV$'_u NTgp_p kS>_L$pm 1949\u 1957 ky^u_p R>. L$ p C fX$ u fX$ u _ cu_u L$ b f _ L$ f ip ,
[ d p Apif 74 NTgp _ u kp\ _Tdp A_ dy L $ [ L$ p `Z kpd g R> . epf ldZp S> ^|m _pMu, ldZp L$a_ k|L$pey.
"Ny g Tpf'dp 115 NTgp , 51 dy L $ [ L$ p A_ 5 _Tdp g h pdp Aphu R> . OdX$-Arcdp_ V$L$fpe epf dpZk_p `p[p_p S> Vy$L$X$ Vy$L$X$p \C S>[p
"`dfpV$'_u L$V$guL$ _uhX$gu NTgp afu\u "NygTpf'dp hpQhp dm R>. epf lpe R>. Ald_ `pjhp\u ]|$f fl_pf L$rh Apd NpC EW$ R> :
"kaf'dp dp NTgp S> N\\ L$fpC R>, S>_u kep 68_u R>. NTgkS>__u
kp\ [ d Z k ` p]$ _ h r `Z L$ f u. B.k. 1956 \u B.k. 1959 ky ^ u rhp_ b_u _p L$pC q]$_ lz dpfp Ald_ `pjy Ry>,
cph_Nfdp\u NV$ \[p NTg_p Ar_e[L$prg_ "kyfpge'_p klk`p]$L$ [fuL$ h_dp flep dmhhp Aop[ OX$ucf \C J.
[ d Z L$ p e L$ e y . [p A_ [ fpe W$ $ f "iplbpT'_p dfZp f L$ p e k N l NNp A_ TdTd A_y$d rl]y$ A_ dysgd kL$r[_u cg dyp ^fph
"`pghqL$_pfu' (1960)_y eih[ ]$piu, dl "kduf' A_ lfu ]$h kp\ `Z [dp l[p S>m L$ep rc R> ! [d_p AL$ i'fdp Ap kQpC Ap fu[ ^bL$
[dZ k`p]$_ L$ey l[y. 16 Sy>gpC 2005_p fpS> [d_y r_^_ \ey. R> :
NTg_u `f`fp_p dplpgdp DR>fgu "dyL$rbg'_u NTgpdp `Z `f`qf[ b k L $ r[ L $ fp dpfpdp lz A fu[ k N d Qplz Ry > ,
cph hZpep lpe [ hpcprhL$ R>. [d_u NTgpdp kpL$u-k_d\u dpX$u Qp]$_u- AL$ ApMdp NNp Qplz Ry>, AL$ ApMdp TdTd Qplz Ry>.
gpgu ky^u_u hrhekcf cphkpdNu A_ cph[uL$p_y ApgM_ \ey R>. _fL$_u ep[_p A_ hN_y kyM dpZk `hugpL$dp S> cpNhhp_y lpeR>.
[d_u fS|>Ap[_u igudp "dyL$rbg'_u r_fpmp ipef [fuL$_u dyp AqL$[ \[u S> L$pC R> [ b^y Alv S> R>. `p`-`ye_p kpfp-dpW$p am_p hp]$ Alv S>
hp dm R>. gpOh A_ k|Q__u L$mp_p rhr_epN [d_u NTgp_ h^y kplpdZu QpMhp_p R>. Ap ke_ L$rh Ae k]$c hX$ L$hu fu[ [`pk R> :
b_ph R>. AOfp rhQpf A_ KX$p tQ[__ Ap ipef kfm bp_udp E[pf R>
epf `Z [dp Dd L$ L$kb S>Zp[p _\u. [Ap L$ip Apepk rh_p, kplrS>L$`Z ^fp epNu iL$pe _p, fNfN g|Z R> A_y,
NTgkS>_ L$f R> [hy gpep hNf fl[y _\u. [d_p L$V$gpL$ i'fpdp D]$plfZ Ad S>[-S>ld be Ap ^f[u D`f dpNu.
pfp Ap hp[_ h^y `$ L$fuA. [p kyfp_p AL$p]$ by]$ pfp ApMy h_ hu S>hp_p Apf[p ^fph[p L$rh
dp_hue ehlpfp_u `qfcpjp L$]$pQ b]$gpe `Z d [p k_p[_ R>. d_u iy Npe R> ?
epep-rhcph_p L$]$u b]$gpe Mfu ? AL$ iy A_L$ tS>]$Nu hu gCi lz,
eyNeyNdp _hkf\u b^p ehlpf b]$g R>, AL$]$p by]$ dp kyfp lphu CA.
A_pq]$\u Sy>Ap L$ L$epe kpQp epf b]$g R> ! [p Ap ipef_p $Apb `Z L$hp cphL$ R> ?
bpN A_ Nygpb S>hp Q`V$p \C Negp cph[uL$ `pk\u L$hu fu[ L$pd OX$uL$ \cu S>i L$pm pf `f dpfp,
ghy [_p\u ipef kpfu fu[ hpL$a R>. Ap dpV$ [Ap NTg_p AL$ AN - iqfe[_ ]$bpe cgcgp Ahp $Apb gpep Ry>.
M`dp g R> :
`f`fpdp bpmgu cphkpdNu A_ kh]$_ fS|> L$fhp_u Ap ipef `pk
Z - AZ A_ Nygpbp dmu Nep, rhri$ AphX$[ A_ gY$Z lphp\u [d_p L$V$gpL$ i'f cphL$p_ fk[fbpm L$ep
af[p l[p S> bpNdp L$pV$p_u Apidp. rh_p fl[p _\u :
NTg_u `f`fp_p hpldp L$epfL$ MQpep-[Zpep hNf L$a_ A_ L$bf tS>]$Nudp A fu[ `Z dpfp ]$u' af[p fp,
S>hp QugpQpgy rhje_ Ap dplf ipef L$hu fu[ ^pf]$pf b_ph R> [ Sy>Ap : L$ OZu hmp Djp_ `Z r_ip L$fhu `X$u.
ilu]$ NTg 22 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 23 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
k[p D`fp[ ]$pfp-^pNp_p fhpX$ QX$u S>[p lpe R>. [d Ap (`fZ)hp_p [uh
fpN\u `uX$p[p fpNu OpOp \C S>[p lpe R>, fOhpV$ h^u S>[p lpe R> `qfZpd
Nd [ BgpS> L$fhp [epf \C S>[p lpe R>. Ap hp[_p kpnp[ `yfphp AV$g u
rNqffpS> bc$ ""kfm''_u Ap lTg :-
""d_ `Z A L $ b f u A`php , `pX$ _ c| g y ,
V$u.hu.dp AX$ ]$p, R>p` R>`php, `pX$ _ c|gy !
_\u gpeL$ A `pep R>, g|gp-gNX$pe gpep R>,
g|gu, blfu, bV$pL$u, S> lp gphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
_\u L$pC bp^ opr[_p, Nd [ Ly$m lp _ d|m,
lfZ ep, ep `kp ]$C `V$php, `pX$ _ c|gy !
Qgpey A L $ ` X $p\u, lh _p Qpgi NpXy $ ,
L$ kpeL$g, L$pf, V$L$V$f_y gNphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
li X$u, byY$u, L$pmu, gX$L$Zu, Ogu, _Mfpmu,
cg lp Npd_p D[pf, gphp , `pX$ _ c| g y !
h_cf A _Qph Ad dyS>fp Ap`iy L$lu ]$p,
L$ Nfbp, cpNX$p, qX$L$p _Qphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
_ Qplz $ k| V $ , _p lz b| V $ dp N y , _p ky d _-dpmp,
""kfm' cpmp Ry>, bk ]y$lp b_php, `pX$ _ c|gy !''
A[ Aphp OpOp \egp (`fZ)hp_p fpNu_ g|gu, blfu, bV$pL$u, Nd [
Ly$m (Mp_]$p_ ?) _u Npd_p D[pf S>hu hmNpmu ]$hpe R> epf fpNu_ fpNdp\u
dys[ dep S>hy S>Zpe R>. `Z Ap CgpS> [p kde S>[p ]y$Mphp `f `C_L$ugf
V$uL$X$u Mp^p S>hp kprb[ \[p lpe R>. Apd fpNu_p (`fZ)hp_p fpN [p dV$u
S>[p lpe R> `Z _hp fpN i$ \pe R> ""`[php'_p R>hV$ fpNu S>_u `pk L$lZ
gC_ Nep lpe R> L$ :-
"d_ `Z A L $ b f u A`php , `pX$ _ c| gy ,
kfm cpmp Ry>, bk ]y$lp b_php, `pX$ _ c|gy !''
A S> gpL$p_u `pk S>C "`[php'_p _hp fpN_p fpNu `pL$pfu `pL$pfu_ ^p
_pM[p L$lhp gpN R> :-
""L$y'[y L$ d_ bfu A`php, `pX$ _ c|gy,
V$u.hu.dp AX$ ]$p, R>p` R>`php, `pX$ _ c|gy !
ilu]$ NTg 28 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
L$rh ^fph R>. Ap k]$cdp _uQ_p i'f_p [pZphpZp L$hpL$ Ny\pep R> ! Sy>Ap :
MfMf A kde_u `Z brglpfu Af h_ !
Qd_ `pk Ad [p cfhk[ `p_Mf dpNu
dlpb[dp Ad Ap Qpf h[y Ddcf dpNu,
rS>Nf dpey, _S>f dpNu, Akf dpNu, kbf dpNu.
_S>f, eph_, ApN, `X$R>pep, Apkh, Nygpb, S>[, ^fp, khpf, kpS>,
Qp]$_u S>hp rhjep-`]$p\p-[hp_p [dZ NTgdp k`i L$fpep R> A_ S|>_p-
_hp k]$cp-Aepkp_u NTgdp cphN|\Zu L$fu R>.
Mepgp[, S>Tbp[, dpl[pb, ld]$]$w, kep]$, Mypfu, L$Tp, idp-lep,
Dkyg, Mydpf S>hp D]|$ i]$p A_ [uL$p_p [dZ NTgdp Ar_hpe gpey ep
rhhL$`|hL$ epN L$ep R>.
B.k. 1996dp L$pri[ [d_p NTgkNl "kaf'dp A[_ NTg kp\
kb^ bp^hp d\[u L$V$guL$ NTgp hp dm R>. Ahkf, kde, lhp, TpThp,
^ydk, k|fS>, ]$uhp, dpZk, _Nf, ApN S>hp AL$i]$u f]$ua$ `f_u NTgp
[_u kpnu `|f R>. Ap L$pf_u dykgkg (cph kp[e`|Z) NTgp_p kS>_dp
`Z Ap ipef L$epL$ L$epL$ lpfu EW$ep R>.
"qL$d['cpB_u S>d "dyL$rbg'cpB `Z NTg_u blf `f dS>b|[ `L$X$
^fph[p l[p. dy[L$pqfb, lS>T, fdg, d]$u]$, S>]$u]$ hNf S>hu L$V$guL$ Zu[u
blfdp [dZ NTgp gMu R>. Apd R>[p ZprgL$pN[ ipefpdp bey R> [d
"dyL$rbg' `Z dy[L$pqfb A_ lS>T S>hu blfdp S> blz^p NTggM_ L$ey R>.
NTg D`fp[ Ap ipef L$V$guL$ _Tdp A_ QpV$]$pf dyL$[L$p `Z gep
R>. "tS>]$Nu `f Nh !' iujL$ lW$m_u _Td `Q`]$u L$pf_u R>. L$pC_u L$`p hNf
hdp_u \C_ hhy L$`fy R> R>[p `p[p_p h_ `f ldip Nh fpM_pf My]$p_p
b]$p_p d_pcphp Ap _Td fQ_pdp r_$r`[ \eg R>. Zedp `X$gp duAp_
b^u bpSy>A\u L$pfp dm R> epf [Ap_u iu Ah]$ip \pe R> [_p r_fpipcep
cph 7 b]$ (L$X$u)_u "kaf' iujL$hpmu _Tddp ApL$pf `pep R>.
[d_p kNl "NygTpf'dp kpfu kepdp dyL$[L$p Ap`Z_ D`g^ \ep
R>. "dyL$rbg'_y _uQ_y dyL$[L$ [p M|b S> gpL$re R>. [_ V$pL$ep rh_p L$d flhpe ?
ilu]$ NTg 25 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 q]$g_p L$f[p d_u TpTu L$]$f \C e R>,
_ kyfp_u rh `f Ofu Akf \C e R>;
q]$g [|V$ R> [p L$pC_ Mbf `X$[u _\u,
d a}V$ R> [p ]y$r_ep_ Mbf \C e R>.
q]$g [|V$hp_u OV$_p k|d R> A_ kh R>. [_u kpd d a}V$hp_p b_ph
[p \|m R>, hmu r_h R>. Apb_dp dlh [p k|d OV$_p_y S> R> _ ! A[ gL$hp, kr^hp rhNf. Aphu fu[ kkpfipdp `Z AL$ ""hp''_p D`h agpegp
rhS>e [p [_p S> R>. QpV$]$pf ApgM__ gu^ [d_y D`eyL$[ dyL$[L$ ep]$Npf
bey R>. [d_p Ae dyL$[L$p_p `Z Aphp]$ L$fuA :
_ dpfu ip ^ L $ C L$ f L$ ] $ u L$ p C dlpgedp ,
_\u kepku L$ [d_ dmy L$p' ]$u' rldpgedp;
S>$f[ [d_ gpN L$]$u dpfp rdg_ L $ fu,
Nd epf dmu d_ L$p C ky f pgedp
rk[pfp, Qp]$, k|fS>dp, Qd_dp, fZdp, TfZpdp,
_S>f cd[u fl R> A d Qpf L$p f ]y $ r_epdp ;
dfZ hmp e _p ApMp dvQpZu R> Sy>Ap dpfu,
h_ ApMy rh[phu ]$u^y L$p C _u [unpdp .
cg `gV$ u Nep R> L $ B S>dp_p_p S>dp_pAp ,
cg `gV$u Nep R> L $ CL$ $ps[_p [fp_pAp ;
fS> f S>dp `qfh[ _ \[y Apey R> ]y $ r_epdp ,
R>[p `gV$u _\u iL$[p dlpb[_p ]$uhp_pAp.
r_ed R> L $ k]$p ApOp[ epOp[ dpN R> ,
q]$hk `pR>m ldip rh `Z AL$ fp[ dpN R>;
lh fhu _\u iL$ [ y ]$ e ]y $ : M-cpf_ A \ u,
_e__u `pk A \p X $p L $ Ay ` p[ dpN R> .
NTg_p Ap[fbp dpmMp_ S>fpe W$k `lpQpX$ep hNf gMpegu [d_u
NTgp kcp_[p-kS>S>[p kp\ R>[p kplrS>L$`Z gMpC R>. rhrh^ fNdp
gMpegu [d_u NTgpdp\u `kpf \[p Ahp [pfZ `f S>$f `lpQu iL$pe L$
"dyL$rbg' kplb k[[ rhL$k[p flgp kbm ipef l[p.
ilu]$ NTg 26 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
A L $ h$p s [ - `fZ""hp''
Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u
(cpC u ""kfm''_u ndp-p\_p kp\)
h]$L$ipdp A_L$ L$pf_p "hp'_y hZ_ Aph R> S>d L$ lX$L$hp, f[hp,
hp dm R> A_ [ "hp' AV$g `fZ"hp'.
L$pC `Z qL$ipf eyhp_udp L$]$d dpX$ epf `y[ \[u S>[u kdS>Z kp\
kNp-_luAp_p ApNZ gpkh DS>hp[p lpe - (Aphp Dkhp Ap"hp'_p
`qfZpd S> lpe R>)-Adp lpS>fu Ap`hp gpN R>. AV$gy S> _lv, hfOpX$p
fpS>dpN `f\u d\fNr[A gdX$` [fa ApNm h^[p lpe epf bkyfp hpN[p
bX$hp_u `pR>m `pR>m, hp]$fp_ `Z ifd Aph [d eyhL$-eyh[uAp DR>mL|$]$
L$fhp_y `Z c|g[p _\u lp[p. L$]$pQ L$pC L$ep_u L$ L$ep_p hqX$gp_u _S>f QX$hp_p
`[fp `Z lpC iL$. Ap_ `fZ"hp'_p Q` gpep L$lu iL$pe.
`R>u S>d S>d Jdf h^[u e [d [d kdS>Z h^y `y[ b_hp_u kp\
Ap (`fZ)hpdp [uh h^pfp \[p fl R>. epf Ap"hp'_p D`h h^u e R>
epf eyhL$_u S>d [_p dp-bp` `Z kapmp QpL$u EW$ R> A_ gpL$X$ dpL$Xy$
hmNphhp_p e_p i$ \B e R>.
L$pf Qgphhp_y gpCkk C[y lpe [p L$B kfm[p\u dmu S>[y _\u lp[y.
kp \d [p L$pf_ khpN ApmMhu `X$[u lpe R>. epf `R>u L$V$guL$ V$pe gu^p
bp]$ gpCkk dm[y lpe R> [d kkpf-L$pf Qgphhp_y gpCkk `Z S>]$u
dmu _\u S>[y. L$CL$ S>epA dpNp _pMp, dpNp Aph, V$pe ghpe A_ qfS>L$V$
\C S>hpe Ahy e b_[y lpe R>. AV$g S> Apri[ l]$fpbp]$uA L$y R> :-
"dpNp L$ e p A_ L $ _ p , qfae| T \C Nep ,
OpOp \ep _ R>hV$ L$ae|T \C Nep !''
epf A_L$ V$pe Apep `R>u `Z kkpf-L$pf Qgphhp_y gpBkk dm
_lv epf (`fZ)hp_p `pfp dld KQpBA `lpQu e R>.
fpN dV$pX$hp dpV$ fpNu \d X$pL$V$fp `pk `R>u h]$p, lL$udp `pk `lpQu
e R>, R>[p fpN dV$hp_p gnZp S>Zpe _lv epf fpNu c|hp-S>[u, kp^y-
ilu]$ NTg 27 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
NTgp_y `y]$Ng fQp[y e Ad Ap kNl_u NTgp [p rhrc NTgp_y AL$
`y]$Ng fQp[y e R>. AL$p]$ hj_p V|$L$p Npmpdp Ap NTgL$pf L$rhL$d `yfy L$ey
R>. Ap kNldp hp[hdp 90\u h^y NTgp R>. A_ 24 f]$ua_p D`epN L$fpep
R>. Ap eys[_p rhr_epN L$fu NTgL$pf kdN kNl AL$ NTg $` lphp_p
Apcpk Ecp L$ep R>. 24 f]$uap_u kp\ ]$fL$ fQ_pdp L$pqaep b]$gp[p fl R>.
NTgL$pf f]$ua dpZ NTgp L$pri[ L$fhp_p D`$d cg ]$pMep _ lpe `f[y
L$pqaep_ _S>fA]$pT L$fu f]$ua_u gbpB dpZ (NZ rhcpS>_ dpZ) NTgp_
$ddp NpW$huA [p L$rhA ]$pMhgu eys[ A_ AL$ NTg lphp_p Ecp L$fpegp
Apcpk_p epg Aph R>. Ap Apcpk `Z NTgL$pf b[phgp L$kb_p S> AL$
cpN lphp\u [ Arc_]$_ue R>. L$pC kS>L$_ Aphu eys[ k|T A [_u kS>L$
[fuL$_u k[[ d\pdZ_p `qfQe Ap` R>. f]$uap_ NZrhcpS>_ dpZ NpW$h[p
duff BaL$V$ Ecu L$f R>. A\u DVy$ f]$ua `|h_p i]$p_ NpW$h[p b_ R>. Ap
kNldp hZu ghpeg f]$uap_ R>]$_p D`epN_u r$A Ap fu[ NpW$h[p NTgL$pf
D`epNdp gu^gu eys[ A_ [dZ gu^gu dl_[ L$B fu[ gM gpN R> [ S|>Ap.
(1) [p `Z Nd (2) g [p `Z Nd (3) ]$ [p `Z Nd (4) dm [p `Z
Nd (5) iL$ [p `Z Nd (6) b_ [p `Z Nd (7) L$l [p `Z Nd (8) fl
[p `Z Nd (9) `X$ [p `Z Nd (10) L$f [p `Z Nd (11) ^f [p `Z Nd
(12) lh [p `Z Nd (13) [y dm [p `Z Nd (14) ]$ d_ [p `Z Nd
(15) \B iL$ [p `Z Nd (16) hp[p L$f [p `Z Nd (17) Ap` d_ [p
`Z Nd (18) kp\ fl [p `Z Nd (19) kpfu fl [p `Z Nd (20) fpM
d_ [p `Z Nd (21) `pdy lh [p `Z Nd (22) \ [f [f [p `Z Nd
(23) [y Ap` d_ [p `Z Nd (24)gB Aphu iL$ [p `Z Nd
Ap b^p S> f]$ua_p Ap kNldp rhr_epN L$fpep R>. - "[p `Z Nd'
f]$ua\u i$ \C b]$g[p f]$ua S|>Ap :
(1) pkdp Aphu cm [p `Z Nd
ApM iy Mmcm [p `Z Nd (`. 1)
(2) b OX$u Dfdp fl [p `Z Nd
cph\u `uX$p kl [p `Z Nd (`. 70)
(3) fpl drS>g_u M|V$ [p `Z Nd
Qpl h__u R|>V$ [p `Z Nd (`. 75)
ilu]$ NTg 32 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
l[p `fZu S>hp fOhpV$ [\u dpNZu L$u^u :
g|gu, blfu, bV$pL$u, S> lp gphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
lh kde R> L $ h u L$ f u'[u c| g bp g u_ -
lfZ ep, ep `kp ]$C `V$php, `pX$ _ c|gy !
h^pf A L $ ` X $ p _p AcfM cp_ c| ep ' [p
L$ kpeL$g, L$pf, V$L$V$f_y gNphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
l[p L$dcpe L$ lp\ L$fu Ahy L$b|ey'[y :-
cg lp Npd_p D[pf, gphp `pX$ _ c| g y !
lh [hX$ _\u _pQy h^y, R>p _ L$y'[y d :-
L$ Nfbp, cpNX$p, qX$L$p _Qphp, `pX$ _ c|gy !
`X$ R> fpS>_p S|>[p, L$y'[y L$pm QpOqX$e-
"kfm' cpmp Ry>, bk ]y$lp b_php, `pX$ _ c|gy !''
`R>u [p AL$ kde OpX$ QX$hp \_N_u flg ]y$lpfp khpN ]$pTep `R>u
r_:kpkp _pMu, tS>]$Nucf fp]$Zp fpep L$f A_ `fZph_pf_ D`pgcp Apep
L$f :-
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d_ ]y $ lp b_phu_ Adpfu f h X$u L$u^u !
cg ` X y $ l[y A L $ S> R>[p NpXy $ NbX$ [ y ' [y ,
Ng[ V$ p ef QX$ p hu_ Adpfu f h X$ u L$ u ^u !
`fZhp ep[ Ly$gV$p_ _lp[y L$pC `Z fp,
d_ _plL$ akphu_ Adpfu f h X$u L$u^u !
OZu R> L$L$ip, TNX$p Adpf fpS> \C [p,
[d R>p` R>`phu_ Adpfu f h X$u L$u^u !
L$pC_p bpS>_ lmhp L$fu dgL$pe R> "Apri['
d_ cpW $ cfphu_ Adpfu f h X$u L$u^u !
lp\ L$fu `N `f Ly$lpX$p dpf[p rhQpey _lv `R>u `[pe iy ape]$p ? "Ab
`R>[pe lp[ L$ep, S>b rQqX$ep QyN NB M[' lh [p `X$ey `p_y r_cpe S>
R|>V$L$p.
ilu]$ NTg 29 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009

"- [p `Z Nd ' : Ny S >fp[u NTg_p \d ep N
iL$ug L$p]$fu
NyS>fp[u NTg_u NCL$pg, ApS> A_ Aph[u L$pg AV$g L$ c|[, crhe
A_ h[dp_ L$pm rhj OZp rhhQL$pA O b^y gey R>. S> kS>L$p_ NTg
kp\ _p'hp r_Qphhp_p e kb^ _ lpe Ahp kS>L$p `Z S|>l}_p ]$qfep L$pW$ rh]$i\u
Aphu L|$L$X$ L|$... L$... L$f R>. ""NTg A NyS>fp[u cpjp_p dpV$p pX$ R>.'' rh]$iu
`uTp A_ bNf Mp_pfp A_ dp]$p `X$u S>hp_u buL$ ]$iu Npmp_y `pZu kyp
_lv `u_pfp L$pqW$ephpX$u fpV$gp_p hp]$ iy Z ? NyS>fp[u cpjp_u NyS>fp[u NTgp
hpep rh_p S> NTg rhi d[ep L$V$ L$f_pfpAp `lgp NyS>fp[u NTg\u `qfrQ[
\hp_u S>$f R>. NTg_p cprh rhi hp[ L$f[p AL$ Zu[p NTgkS>L$ AdqfL$_
crhehp u dL$ lg_ V$pL$u L$y l[y :
The future of the past is in the future
The future of the present is in the past
The future of the future is in the present
cprh_y crhe h[dp_dp lpe R>. [d NTg_y crhe `Z h[dp__p
lp\dp R>, A_ NTg_p h[dp__u hp[ L$fuA epf h[dp_ kde k[u NTgp
A_ L$V$ \[p NTgkNlp [fa r$`p[ L$fhp ApheL$ R>. Ap k]$c fdi
`V$g "n'_p kNl "[p `Z Nd' dpZhp gpeL$ R>. ehkpe hL$ug lphp\u AL$
dp\u bu Ecp L$fhp_u L$ AL$ Dfdp\u bu Ecp L$fhp_u
V$L$r_L$ l[N[ lpe A hpcprhL$ R>. Ap V$L$r_L$ Ap kNl_u NTgpdp hp
dm R>. Agb Alv AL$ hp[_u `$[p L$fhp_u L$ he kNl_p kS>L$ ApMp
kNl_ AL$ S> NTg [fuL$ ApmMpep R>. [dZ ]$php L$ep R> L$ ""-[p `Z
Nd' AL$ lf AL$kp ArNepf i'f_u dpfu ]$uO NTg R>. dpfp Zhp dpZ
A khpr^L$ ]$uO NTg [fuL$_p rh$d kS> [hu kcph_p R>.''
kdN kNldp\u `kpf \[p Ap kNl_u kp\u `lgu bp rhij[p A
S>ZpC Aph R> L$ kS>L$ kS>gp AL$ lf AL$kp ArNepf i'fdp AL$ S> R>]$_p
rhr_epN \ep R>. A R>]$ R> fdg. fdg_p Ap R>]$ d|mdp NpgNpNp-NpgNpNp-
NpgNpNp hS>_ ^fph[p lpe R>. `f[y kS>L$ Ar[d [c_p "Np'_ `X$[p d|L$u
fdg_p j$[cu dlT|a R>]$_p hS>_ NpgNpNp-NpgNpNp-NpgNp D`epNdp
gu^p R>. ]$fL$ `s[ 19 dpp ^fph R>. "fdg'_p A\ "hZpV$ L$pd L$fhy' Ahp
ilu]$ NTg 30 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
\pe R>. fdg AL$ Ahp R>]$ R> S>dp ]$fL$ [cdp bb dpp_p b i]$pip
(yr[Ap) hQ "rdpp'_p i]$pi (yr[Ap) hZu ghpe R>. Ap kNl_u
dpV$u D`gs^ A R> L$ L$V$gpL$ if_p A`hp]$p_ bp]$ L$f[p R>]$_y hZpV$L$pd
ehs\[ fu[ \ey R>. ]$p. [.
epd_u hp[p L$f [p `Z Nd
fpd_u hp[p L$f [p `Z Nd (`. 85)
Apd, rdprL$ A_ qdprL$ i]$pip_p [pZphpZp ApMp kNldp
bfpbf Ny\pep R> `Z A`hp]$$` qL$kpApdp L$epL$ L$epL$ rir\g[p `Z hiu
S>hp `pdu R>. ]$p. [.
ApMfu lp pk dpfp A kd
[y dfd u[_p L$l [p `Z Nd
fdi `V$g "n'A Ap fQ_pApdp `k]$ L$fgp "fdg' R>]$ R>. Afbudp
A _pd_p AL$ fpN `Z R>. S> z[hfdp Nhpe R>. KV$_u TX$`u Qpg_u S>d
Aphu fQ_pAp_ NpC iL$pe. AV$g S> "fdg' kp\ "fdgp_' KV$_u TX$`u Qpg
i]$ kL$mpegp R>. Apd, "[p `Z Nd'_y R>]$`p[ [p AV$gy [p Ahe L$lu
L$pe L$ AL$ S> R>]$dp ApMp kNl Ap`hp A OV$_p NyS>fp[u NTg_u \d
rkq R>.
hjp `|h AL$ NTgdp\u [f NTg kS>hp_p A_ [f NTgdp\u AL$
NTg kS>hp_p epN u S>e iMX$uhpmpA L$ep l[p. A [f NTgp "L$rh[p'dp
L$pri[ \B l[u. NrZ[_p `fduV$i_ - L$pbu_i__p rkp[_y dfZ L$fph
Ahu V$L$r_L$\u A NTgp gMpegu l[u. fdi `V$g "n'_p kNl "-[p `Z
Nd ' dp `Z X$ N g `Ng Aphp `fduV $ i _ L$ p bu_ i _ h p dm R> . Ap
kS>_q$ep ALy$]$f[u _\u. Ly$]$f[u$ddp rk \B lphp_p kS>L$ AL$fpf L$f R>.
""Ap ]$ u O fQ_p Ly $ ] $ f [u $ d dp geb[p `pdu_ Nr[iug \e g R> . Ap
kS>_q$ep ]$frdep_ ]$uO NTg_p rh$d kS>hp_p L$pC Alpcph d_dp l[p
_rl. A Alpcph ApS> `Z _\u.''
Ap kNl_u fQ_pfur[ [p A `$ \pe R> L$ kS>L$ "-[p `Z Nd'
iujL$ kp\L$ L$ey R>. Ap kNl_p i'f [p [_u [ur[ \pe R>. D]|$ cpjp_p
rk NTgL$pf A_ NTgrhhQL$ qafpL$ NpfM`yfuA NTg ]$f NTg_p epN
L$ep l[p. AL$ NTgdp\u bu NTg A_ bu NTgdp\u u NTg Ad
ilu]$ NTg 31 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 L$lhpeR> L$ dpZk dp\ L$pm_p X$X$p `X$ R> epf AhpS _\u> kcmp[p (4) Qpl_pdp [y dm [p `Z Nd
Ahu fu[ dpZk `Z d|Nu Qpg Qpghpdp dprl$f \C Nep R>. "dfuT' V|$L$dp p\_pdp [y dm [p `Z Nd (`. 28)
riMpdZ Ap` R>: (5) ApNmu `L$X$u iL$ [p `Z Nd
""Ap riMpdZdp b^y Aphu Ney kpcm S>fp, bp\dp S>L$X$u iL$ [p `Z Nd (`. 80)
(6) [y d_ R>X$u iL$ [p `Z Nd
L$ kde L$f[p e d|Nu Ap]$du_u Qpg R>!''
ApS> R>R>X$u iL$ [p `Z Nd (`. 80)
Aphu Qpg\u k[u ]y$OV$_p dpV$ u fdi `pfM_u h]$_p ZuA: (7) epd_u hp[p L$f [p `Z Nd
""\pe Alv A ]y $ O V $_p L $ dpZk _ - fpd_u hp[p L$f [p `Z Nd (`. 85)
buSp dpZk Nmu S>[p AS>Nf _u S>d!'' (8) i]$ gC Aphu iL$ [p `Z Nd
`i gC Aphu iL$ [p `Z Nd (`. 79)
Aphp b^p L$pfZp\u dpZk dpZk\u rhdyM \C Nep R A_ afu X$hp_u
kcph_p Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u_ S>Zp[u _\u. Ap ]$fL$ dgp R>. "[p `Z Nd' f]$ua\u gC_ ]$fL$dp f]$ua b]$gp[p Nep
R> A_ A[ "A' hfp[ L$pqaep_u kp\ kNl_p gpbpdp gpbp f]$ua Aph R>
kp^u iL$pe L$pC q]$' kch _\u lh, "gC Aphu iL$ [p `Z Nd.' ]$fL$ d[gp kpd NTgL$pf "' Aphy rQl_ `Z
L$hp rhcL$[ \C Nep Vy$L$X$pdp Ap]$du ! d|L$ey R>. Ap rQl_ NTgL$pf ip dpV$ d|L$ey li ? iy A HrN[ L$f R> L$ Ap
Aphp AL$gp `X$u Negp dpZk u lj]$ rh]$u L$l R> [d ifX$udp\u fk rQl_ ep d|L$pey R> ep\u L$pqaep, f]$ua_u kp\ NTg b]$gpe R> ? Ap
_uQphu gu^p bp]$ L|$Qp S>hp gpN R>. _p S>hpb lL$pfdp lpe [p Ap kNl "khpr^L$ ]$uO NTg'_p rh$d \pr`[
""BM_p L|$Qp_u dpaL$ Ap`Z _ufk l[p, L$fu _ iL$. Agb[ Ahu L$V$guL$ fQ_pAp R> S>dp 160 S>V$gp i'f `Z R>. A
kph Mpgu d S>hp Ap`Z dpZk l[p !'' rV$ A ]$uO NTg kS>hp_p ei_p [ Ar^L$pfu b_ R>.
"-[p `Z Nd'_u NTgp hpQhu A_ dpZhu Nd A L$pf_u R>. L$pfZ L$
ApS> hp[ u cf[ c$ ApNhu fu[ L$f R> :
[ reS>_, L$r[ A_ `fd kNp\ dp_ph\pdp \egp kS>L$_p geb khp]$
""dpZk lh ]$uhpg qV$NpX$g rQ R>, R>. d_cph_ `uX$p_u A agyr[ R> A_ Acph_u s\r[_p Dkh $` dpZhp_u
Ap\u h^y rQ[pf _\u dpZkpB_p !'' AL$ [L$$` R>. cphL$p_ [ dp_yc|r[ L$fph Ahy Ap fQ_pAp_y cphrh R>.
X$lpmpegp S>m ip[ \[p ApR>fu S>[p lpe R> `Z dpZk ApR>fhp_ NTg_p ifpdp S> L$pf_y [NTTyg lphy CA Ahy [NTTyg Alv Apfc\u
b]$g h^y X$lpmp[p fl R> Ad u kyfiQ `qX$[ L$l R> : A[ ky^u R>hpegy R>.
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_p, _\u ApR>ep AL$ dpZk !'' duZ dpaL$ ApNm [p `Z Nd
u cNh[uLy$dpf idp b^u hp[_p kfhpmp L$f[px dpZk_y Apbl}b rQ NTgL$pf_ `p[p_u A_ `p[p_u re[dp_u Cjp L$f[p gpL$p Cjp_p Ardp
]$pfu Ap` R> : cX$L$ bm[p fl A [d_ Nd R>.
""Bf_ `Z c|gphpdp _pMu iL$ R> A, hp[ [pfu hp[ dpfu kpcmu
dpZk_u [ ]$p[ ! bX$u _pdQu_ R> !'' gpL$ Ap cX$L$ bm [p `Z Nd
fdi `V$g "n' ]$p_hp_u Ap ]y$r_epdp "dp_h'_u ip^ L$f R>.
ilu]$ NTg 36 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 33 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 ]$p_hp L$hm q]$k R> cuX$dp
AL$ dp_h dm [p `Z Nd dS>rgk
d_p [uL$ $` kpfk bgX$u A_ dpc L$pNX$p bpg AV$g dldp_ Aph Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u
Ahu gpL$dpe[p_ e `p[p_u fQ_pdp [dZ L$k L$pY$ep R>.
Apr]$dp_hdp\u $rdL$ rhL$pk kp^[p dpZk Ap^yr_L$ [p b_[p Nep.
L$ p C kpfk b g X$ u \phy _\u `Z Nr[_u kp\pkp\ dpZk k]$NyZp [ A^pNr[ [fa ApNm h^[p S>Zpe
rc[p hp dm [p `Z Nd R>.A_pdp afu Apq]$d NyZp rhL$ku flgp S>Zpe R. L$]$pQ kdpS>_u h_igudp
L$pNX$p bpep L$f-A Aphi ? Aphg Apd|g `qfh[__y r[tbb ApS>_p dpZkdp r$NpQf \pe R>AV$g
iL$e[p hp dm [p `Z Nd. S> u fpS> gM[fhu L$l R>:
Ap`Zp `pfprZL$ `pp ]y$hpkpdyr_, fpd, L$Z, ]$hu ipf]$p, Np`uAp, """fpS>' kp_p_p l[p k[eyN Alv,
k[u [pfg, ky]$pdp, Bh A_ Ap]$d, [ygku]$pk, cud, _ftkl, Ahp L$V$gpe L$rmeyN [p ^|m_p dpZk Ad !''
`pp D`fp[ bpZ iep_p kN, L$Z pfp ky]$pdp_p QfZ ^php_p kN,
ApS> lL$uL$[ hZh[p u rS>Nf V$L$pfhu_y `Z L$lhy R>L$:
p`]$u_p hehf_p kN, dlp rcr_$dZ, deh^_p kN, _ftkl_p
fpkgugp r_lpmhp_p kN, iL$f_p [pX$h_e_p kN S>hp Ake kNp ky`f ""ce[d Cr[lpk_p dpZk _\u.
i'fpdp hZu ghpep R>. cph, cpjp, rhjehrhe, Arces[ fur[, kL$[pdL$[p, q]$e A AS>hpk _p dpZk _\u!''
Ze r_$`Z, L$r[ kp\_y [p]$pe hNf ApgM[p A_L$ if "-[p `Z Nd'_u ApS> dpZk dlpfpAp ApY$u af[p \C Nep R>. A_p Akgu $`_u hp[
ipcpdp Archq L$f R>. Af ! gpciL$f W$pL$f_p AL$pL$u "bp\V$bdp dpR>gu' L$l[p u Qi ipl L$lR>:
`Z Ap NTgL$pf_u r$blpf fy _\u. NyS>fp[u cpjpdp Qrg[ L$lh[p A_
dylphfpAp_pe kS>L$ kdyrQ[ rhr_epN L$ep R>. ""Apd Sy>Ap [p dOdO[y a}g dpZk,
[d Sy>Ap [p cpL$p[y i|g dpZk !''
""]|$^dp kpL$f cm R> A fu[
[y e dpfpdp cm [p `Z Nd'' AV$g S> u Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u_y `Z L$lhy R>L$:
l k gp Q| ep L$f d [ ] $ l_ ""ep L$]$u klgpC\u kde R> dpZk lh,
L$pNX$p dp[u Qf [p `Z Nd. rh[f R> Ad V|$L$p \pe R> dpZk lh !''
Dd Ap]$i_u `|r[ dpV$ gMpegp Ap kNl kam[p_ hf Ahp R>. AL$ dpZk hp\ kp^hp AL$ `Z [L$ S>[u _\u L$f[p,Apd L$fhpdp `p[p_u
lf AL$kp ArNepf i'f fQhp_u Ap d\pdZ hp[hdp AL$ b kpQp dp_hu_ Akgu [ `Z c|gu S>[p lpe R>.Ad S>_pb"_pip]$'_yL$lhy R>:-
`pdu h_ `pdhp_u d\pdZ R>. AV$g S> [ L$l R> -
""hp\ am[p C [L$_p gpc ghp, gpcdp,
dpN d p tlkL$ `iy dm[p fl My]$ \L$u AmNp b_u ]$pX$u fp R> dpZkp!''
AL$ b dpZk dm [p `Z Nd.
`p[p_p hp\ Mp[f dpZk L$V$gu l]$ `lpQu e R> [_u hp[ L$f[p u
Ap`Z CR>uA L$ Ap`Z_ A_ kp\ kp\ kS>L$_ `Z ]$p_hp A_ tlkL$ rih $MX$p L$l R:
`iyAp_p V$pmpApdp\u AL$-b dpZk dmu Aph ! S>\u Dce_ gpc]$peu
b_. Aphu ip^ b]$g fdi `V$g "n'_ lz Arc_]$_ Ap`y Ry>. ""dpZk_p _M TuZp TuZp ,
dpZk\u `u M p[p dpZk!''
ilu]$ NTg 34 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 35 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 `hu `f L$pC h Adf`V$p gMphu _\u Aph[p dpZk kL$dp_ b]$g
`p`pQpf L$f[p fl R> A_ u d_pS> MX$qfep_p Ap i]$p L$d _lv kd[p lpe ?
""k`_p W$pkpW$pk cfgp a}Np dpZk,
hhp_p Apcpk cfgp a}Np dpZk !
L$ e pf a} V $ i A S> lh [p fp R> .
rh[fhp_u epk cfgp a}Np dpZk !''
Aphu `qfs\r[ lphp R>[p u L$fk_]$pk gylpf ""r_fLy$i'' DS>mu Apip
kh R> A_ dpZk_ dpZkpB [fa `pR>p hmhp Aplhp_ Ap` R> :
""Ap`Z_ Ap`Z afu dpZk L$lphuA,
gp l u_p X$ p O c| k hp Ap k y hlphuA !

Ap` `p[p_y _S>fp l[y [ L$ep Ney ?

k| e kp\ EN[y lp l[y [ L$ e p Ney ?
L$gd `L$X$u l[u A nZ rhi i]$p _\u dm[p
NTg_p $`_u kdS>Z rhi i]$p _\u dm[p
lp [`ep ApL$fu A cpe dmhy CA
i]$ kp^L$_ k[[ _MriM S>mhy CA
tS>]$ N u_p b ^ R>p X $ u ] $
[y lh bpSy > b ^ R>p X $ u ] $
Apd [p kpd l[u _ [ R>[p Aphu _lv
`| f \u O g u _]$ u _ d e bp g phu _lv
i]$ dpfp a} g L$ e pfu bNpg `pV$xN eN ApV$k L$gb - kyf[ A_ kprle kNd pfp eV$k
dl L $ _ u Z khpfu Ny` Apa rkL$ kuV$u A_ kyf[ bNpgu kp_u kdpS>_p kpS>e\u kp[du S|>_
l rNqf_pfdp _ftkl_p L $ ] $ p f NpS> R> D]|$-NyS>fp[u `^p_p rhS>[pAp_p B_pd rh[fZ L$pe$d "ilu]$ NTg'_p
l A T| g Zpdp d O _p dlpf NpS> R> . k`p]$L$ iL$ug L$p]$fu_p dyM \p_ A_ u eykya NyS>fp[u, L$dgi `pfM, lfui
ipl, lfui hV$phhpmp, fdi ]$kpC [dS> dplu_ dgL$_u D`s\[udp epep
("kp]$ L$f R> L$pC' Np`pg ipu : d|e : 65/- L$piL$ : _hcpf[
l[p. [hufdp `^L$p kp\ Ap dlp_ycphp ]$Mpe R>.
kprle dq]$f, ]$fpkf `pk, Np^u fpX$, Ad]$php]$-1)
ilu]$ NTg 40 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 37 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 d O ^_y j
r_fpipdp lz Ar[d Api_p AZkpf S>hp Ry>
NTg_u Ap m M \p`hpdp [ d p hZu g h pdp Aph[p dfZ_p Op f A ^ pf h_ QdL$ p f S> h p Ry >
"dgA'_y rhij dlh R>. "dgA' pfp NTgL$pf A hp[_p L$ep ky^u L$p_p _ dp[f hpQuA
kpr[L$ huL$pf_u lfp[ L$f R> L$ "Ap NTgdp "dgA'dp \pX$u azfk]$ R> [p cu[f hpQuA
hZu ghpegp L$pqaep dpZ_p L$pqaep A_ f]$ua_y `pg_ L$fpey
dy L $ [ As[h_u lhp L$ e p R> ?
R>. Ap gM_pf 1992dp kp \d `p[p_p `y[L$ "NTg :
Apd hy Ry> `Z dTp L$ep R> ?
h$`rhQpf'dp "dgA' i]$_u D`r rhi rhN[hpf QQp L$fu
l[u. S> Ny S >fp[u NTgrhh Q _pdp `pR>m\u s\f \C l[u. Akg$` Ad ]y$r_ep_ ]$MpC _\u iL$[p
"dgA'_p ipr]$L$ A\, epep, gnZp_p rhrc rhp_p_p blz kp]$p kfm lphp\u kdC _\u iL$[p
k]$cp kp\ [dp ehs\[ ApgM l[p. NTg k]$c "dgA'_p L$p_ L$lz L$ L$hu kdepdp L$]$ Ry>
A dlh_ [p Ap rhcpNdp S> [ hjdp L$pri[ \egp NTg r_b[ rh_p_u `pfL$u `uX$pdp L$]$ Ry>
kNlpdp\u k`p]$L$_u `k]$Nu_p "dgA' kNl_p dyM`$ kp\
Ad k h p]$ _ y hp[phfZ gC ]$ p X $ [ p Apep
L$ p ri[ L$ f pi . Ap rhcpNdp L$ p ri[ \e g p "dgA' S>
l[u kp_u Myiu [hy hgZ gC ]$pX$[p Apep
kNldp\u ghpdp Apep li [ kNlp_u rhN[hpf kdunpAp
kNp`p[ L$pri[ L$fhp_p D`$d lphp\u NTgL$pfp A_ L$piL$p ApQfZdp L$ d pg R> gp L $ p
klL$pf Ap` Ahu rh_[u. hp[dp b r dkpg R> gp L $ p
- k`p]$L$ ("Erd_u Cdpf[ ) 2008 : fpT _hkpfhu : L$piL$ : Apf. Apf.
iW$_u L$py. "pfL$i' Mp_`yf, Ad]$php]$ : `$ 96 : qL$ : $$&. 60.00)
ilu]$ NTg 38 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 39 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 A L $ A _ p _pd_p Apkh dm
lpf cu[f bk, b^ L$ih dm
_e__p S> Ahkf ky^u lpQhy R>
Adpf hehf ky^u `lpQhy R>.
rhfl_u ld i p D` n p L$ f y Ry >
[d L$epf Aphp ? [unp L$fy Ry>.
_v]$ f S> h_ duWy $ _uL$ ey
N r [dp A S> L$ X $ h y _uL$ ey
rhep`u EX$p_ fpMy Ry>
d_y Apkdp_ fpMy Ry>.
fp[ ApMu h_\u OfpB NB
_ q]$hk_u h]$_p rhkfpC NC
ep p_p dpfp dpOd
ep Df ]$hpdp Md
("ApL$pi Anf' op hiu : L$piL$ : op ]$u`L$ hiu; hr_-Nr[ L$pi_,
ku-14, dyL$[p_]$_Nf kf]$pf buS> kL$g `pk kyf[-9, d|e : 100 $r`ep)
ilu]$ NTg 44
L$ f R> A ]$ g p [fhpX$ u S> h y
A]$ d V $ L $ p fhu_ iy L$ l h y ?
Anfu A L $ p fdp `y f pC_ b W $ p R>uA
AL$ Aeplpfdp `yfpC_ bW$p R>uA
Ap`_u ep]$ u l[u
kp S > hfkp]$ u l[u
[pL$ h y [pNhy r_f\ L $ R>
` X $ \ u cpNhy r_f\ L $ R>
l S > q$ L$ f u Nep kp^p
ep , ]$ l pX$ p afu Nep kp^p
lp, dyZ]$pj Ahp \pe R>
L$ A]$d_y `Z A^d hQpe R>
dpk dpfu L$ k d\p R> k d
L $ k d h u ekd\p R> k d
("[dp' - A]$d V$L$pfhu : L$piL$ : f_p]$ L$pi_, S>_ ]$fpkf_u kpd,
Np^u fpX$, Ad]$php]$-1. d|e : 70/- $r`ep)
S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 41 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 d_ S>fp dyTpe [p [y gM NTg kp l[p `pk R>[p A[f l[y
lj S> h y \pe [p [y gM NTg gpNZuhi lz l[p _ Of l[y
l[y Ap ]$]$ Ofy `Z ]$hpA gpS> fpMu R> f[-dNS>m, fZ-lfZ kp-kp_u qL$d[ lpe R>
[bubp [p Nep \pL$u My]$pA gpS> fpMu R> S> h u S> _ u lp e ]$ p _[ A h u bfL$ [ lp e R>
nZ k]$ u _p L$ e p cfp k p lp e R> ? pk kL$gu_ `pR>p L$ep S>iy ?
tS>]$ N u_p L$ e p cfp k p lp e R> ? h[f dgu_ `pR>p L$ep S>iy ?
C [pfu b $ M u r_f [ f e\p_u Akf dpfu cu[f
q]$g \ey Opeg-]y$:Mu D]$pku L$fu NC R> Of dpfu cu[f
hp[dp L $ h u hap h[p e R> ! kpQhu_ Ap M dp hfkp]$ lz
]$ ] $ _ u Z ]$ h p h[p e R> . A d _ L$ f [p flz Ry > ep]$ lz
rd epf Op L$ f R> Oph L $ h p KX$ p kprb[ \C Nep
A blz KX$ p L$ f R> lz e dpfp\u rhcprS>[ \C Nep
d V$ L $ f pep A_ Vy $ L $ X $ p \ep Ap`Z dmhp_y dp X $ u hpmuA
deL$ ] $ p dp L $ V $ g p epkp \ep _ , rhhp]$ p \C iL $ [p V$ p muA

("[y gM NTg' : Apld]$ dL$fpZu, L$piL$ : Apld]$ dL$fpZu, "dp dqfed ("\u Negu nZ' - q]$_i X$pNf "_p]$p_' : L$piL$ : "fp]$ L$pi_'
drTg', Nyfy _p_L$ ifu, tk^u dpL$V$ `pk, D`gV$p - 360 490 d|e : 100 $p.) 58/2, buS> dpm, ]$fpkf kpd, Np^u fpX$, Ad]$php]$-1. d|e : 75 $r`ep)

ilu]$ NTg 42 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 43 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009

 (1)
il f dp rh[ep AS> ` p R>
A `R>u [p hep AS>`p R>
gpNZu_p `V $ R> fdMpZp
eL$[ \ kfkep AS>`p R>
i| e[p\u cep _Nfdp L $
[^\u Ap[ep AS>`p R>
fL$ [ dp lf`m R> My k L$
_k_k cep AS> ` p R>
Ap N mu V f h dm ey p !
`i cu_p ^ep AS>`p R>.
(3)
i|e[p [^[p AX$pAX$ R>
ce[p q]$ e[p AX$ p A X$ R>
lp e S> D`k Afukpdp
tbb_ e[p AX$ p A X$ R>
k[ kfMp q]$k b^p dp_h
kp]$Nu kpe[p AX$pAX$ R>
M$[ d lpe [p kam[p dm
e_ _ iL$ e [p AX$ p A X$ R>
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
S> V $ g p S> V $ g p ^Mpfp R>
ApN_p A V $ g p r[Mpfp R>
L $ d `pZu hlu Nep kfkf
`pm L$ep R> _ L$ep qL$_pfp R>
ApS> dpfp dy L $ p d `pdy [p
fpldp ep L$ ] $ u D[pfp R>
A j ZpAp by g ] $ \C NC R>
T M _p_p Alv rd_pfp R>
M|g epf cu[f_u kp L$]$fpAp
[^[p/i| e[p fl Ofdp
dm bpm`Z_u l AkfpAp
`i A h p e ApS> epfp R>
gpNu L$ e p L$ p C ApN dpfpdp ?
[p e L$ p _pkcpN dpfpdp .
(4) lz dmy L$ep\u [_ L$pB S>Npdp ?
lz hky Ry > L$ e pf_p [pfp`Zpdp :
d _ u[\u hey R> iy ?
ny ^ k N u[\u hey R> iy ? L$epe _p Aph _S>f kplb dpfp
-_ R>[p fpM Mbf kplb dpfp
d gMu [p gMu NTg cu_u
lp]$ rhZ Nu[\u hey R> iy ? A d_ ] $ M pe R> lf QuS>dp
S> d J h n L$ p C buS>dp
l} a \u L $ V $ g u dmu D !
L $ ` _p iu[\u hey R> iy ? L$ ] $ u h_ kpQy `X $ `Z Mfy
_ d_Nd[y kpd S>X$ `Z Mfy
cp[ _p lp L $ cph_p _p lp
A h u L $ fu[\u hey R> iy ? kph R>p_p b_ph lp h p_p
R> L $ cu[f_p Oph lp h p_p
lpf_p `i lp e _p S> d p
A rhS>e-[\u hey R> iy ?
("DL$gu_ he_p km' : ky^uf `V$g : L$piL$ : `p\ L$pi_ C/o. `u. X$u. `V$g
"r_L$[' gpV$ _. 36/A-1, epd agV$_u `pk, A_[hpX$u, cph_Nf. d|e : 80 $$&.)
48 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 45 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 `i ] $ kpB

kS> L $ k ] $c "`i'_p D`_pd\u NTgp gM[p `i ]$kpC_p S>d [p. 6-7-

1961_p fpS> kpfp$_p bNkfp Mp[ \ep l[p. bu. L$pd. ky^u_p Aepk
cy [ L$ p mdp Dd NTgkS> _ L$ f _pfp OZp b^p L$f_pf `i ]$kpC NTg gM_ D`fp[ `L$pfh A_ Ae kprle h$`pdp
NTgkS>L$p AN_u AN[ dprl[u D`g^ _\u. crhedp kp[ `Z fk-fyrQ ^fph R>. "klpfp kprle' A_ "i]$ ri`' A b_ kprle
kdedp kS>_ L$f_pfp kS>L$p_u bpb[dp Ad _p b_ A_ kS>L$ k\pAp_p [ Aen R>. "As[h_p ik apX$pe R>' A [d_p NTg kNl
he dpL$ggu rhN[p_y ]$[phL$fZ \pe Ahp Di\u "ilu]$ R>. `L$pfh A_ gM_ Ad_p ehkpe lphp\u kprlseL$ hr ehkpe_u
NTg'_p R>$ p A L $ kp\ A L $ rh_ [ u ` kp\ ap d dp L $ g u S>d S> L$f R>. "fpd_u fpdpQL$ fpr', "[pfu [gpidp', "kfl]$ - ^ bpX$f',
NTgL$pf_u S>d[pfuM, S>d\m, Aepk, ehkpe, L$pedu [d_u _hgL$\pAp R>. tl]$u_p L$rh r_fpgp_u L$r[_p "k|e_u ApNm A^L$pf'
kf_pdy , L$ p ri[ `y [L$ p , d m h g p `pqf[p r jL$ , dlh_p iujL$\u [dZ L$fgp A_yhp]$ kyd_ L$pi_ L$pri[ L$ep R>. Ap D`fp[ "[d_
dyipefpdp NTg `W$_, NTgrhjeL$ gMgp gMp_u - `y[L$p_u a}g ]$u^p_y dfZ' (gOyL$\p-k`p]$_) "]$qfep S> ]$qfep R> b^' "lhp_y kNu[',
ep]$u A_ L$pri[ \ep lpe [ kpdreL$_y - L$piL$_y _pd, L$C "lufpN\ (X$pedX$ byL$), "kS>_ epp' dmu Ly$g 15 `y[L$p L$pri[ \ep R>.
kprle k\p kp\ kb^ ^fphp R>p ? hNf rhN[p dmhpC l[u. Mf dprkL$_p 91-92_p $ L$rh, duX$ X$ 1993, 1996-97 A_ 99_p
OZp NTgL$pfpA A apd cfu [_u kp\ ]$k S>V$gu Dd fQ_pAp "$ L$rh', L$gpNyS>fu_p 1994-96'_p hj_p "$ L$rh', 1997_p "$
dpL$gu R>. Ap rhcpNdp [d_p `qfQe kp\ [d_u A fQ_p/ gML$', 2008_p "kph^p_ k\p'_p L$rhf_ AhpX$ hNf dmu Ly$g 95 S>V$gp
fQ_pAp kdpe[f L$pri[ \i. S> kS>L$ rdpA Ap dprl[u kdp_ [dZ p L$ep R>. [d_p `y[L$p_u [ph_p eih[ rh]$u A_ Ly$[yb
apd `f[ L$ey _\u [Ap `p[p_u [huf kp\ [ dpL$gu Ap`u klL$pf ApTp] $ gMu R> . "L$ r h[p Ap\p_p rhje b_u iL $ R> ' A g M "dy b C
Ap` Ahu afu\u rh_[u. kdpQpf'dp 94dp L$V$ \ep l[p. "]$. Ny.' hpkudp if ipefu_u L$pgd "kffpl
Qg[' [dZ 94 \u 97 ]$frdep_ gMu l[u. lpgdp [ "NTgh' _pd_y NTg_y
- (k`p]$L$) dprkL$ Qgphu fp R>.
ilu]$ NTg 46 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 47 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009

(1) (2)
ApMdp [huf \C_ [fhf R> Ap]$du Apip _lv am [p DdNp_y iy \i ?
AyAp_p tb]y$ \C_ Tfdf R> Ap]$du S> ep]$ flu Nep A kNp_y iy \i ?
s\f flhp_p e_p e\ A_p e R> ]$i_ A [pfp lz L$]$u `pdu _lv iLy$,
k L $ V $ p _ p hpefpdp \f\f R> Ap]$ d u [p [yS> rhj L$fgp [fNp_y iy \i ?
i|e[p bk i|e[p ]$Mpe R> Qpf [fa [yS> ANyrg_p Ad_ `i _rl dm
V $ f hp _ p riMfp kf L$ f R> Ap]$ d u huZp_y iy \i _ d]$Np_y iy \i ?
TpX$_u ipMp D`f Aphpk L$fhp e R> [Ap Adu_S>f _lv `pd L$pC_u
`Z `W$ ep Arhf[ \f\f R> Ap]$du `pNg_y iy \i _ A`Np_y iy \i ?
L$pZ Ahr^ L$lu iL$ As[h_u A_p L$lp dk|f idp NV$ph[p `lgp rhQpfS>
f[_p Y$Ngp D`f ep Of L$f R> Ap]$du "dpk|d' u[Ogp `[Np_y iy \i.
(3) (4)
h]$_pAp_p r_f[f ep` h^[p e R> h__u A khpf [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
k|e dpfu tS>]$Nu_p Apd ^M[p e R> ApMp \C'[u Qpf [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
Tf kfu e R> _ dp[ Aph bpfZ AL$ fpl_p hpku l[p bD Ap`Z
L$d L$ AS>Nf kde_p fpS> X$k[p e R>. dm[p _lv gNpf, [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
lp\ S> Apep _lv Ahp ]$e-Dgpk R> `mhpf_u Sy > ]$ p C\u b Q _ \C S>[p
S>d gphy Ry> _L$ A ]|$f Mk[p e R> q]$hkp A dpfp epf, [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
dyS> h__p h_ dlv S> ]$h gNpX$ep R> [d l]$u_p fN, Qp]$, rk[pfp A_ ifd
W$pfhp A_ d\y Ry>, A kf[p e R> A fp[_p r_Mpf, [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
fpl L$b[p__p "dk|f' b[phu_ L$l : d|L$ep'[p a}g ep L$]$u Ay hp l[p
Ad_p Of_u [fa Ap AL$ f[p e R>. "dk|f'_p A dTpf [_ ep]$ R> L$ _rl ?
ilu]$ NTg 52 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
fd i ApQpe
kyf _Nf rS>gp_p gvbX$u [pgyL$pdp [pfuM : 5-11-1942_p fpS>
S>dgp u fdiQ frhiL$f ApQpe kprle n fdi ApQpe_p _pd kyrk
R>. "frhky[' [d_y D`_pd R>. _p[L$ L$npA A\ip rhje kp\ bu.A.
Ap_k_u `]$hu p L$fu lphp R>[p kprle e_u fyrQ A_ gNph b_d|_ R>.
V$V$ bL$ Apa kpfp$dp hjp ky^u khpAp Ap`hp_u kp\ kprle_u khp L$fhpdp
`Z [dZ L$pC L$Qpi fpMu _\u. `qfZpd kyf_Nfdp [dZ "lp_pgpg kprle
kcp'_p kepS>L$ [fuL$ 102 S>V$gu kprlseL$ bW$L$p_y kam ApepS>_ L$ey R>.
Ad[ Opeg, d_pS> MX$qfep, fdi `pfM, fpS> iyL$g S>hp q]$NS> NTgL$pfp
kp\ NTg`W$_ L$fhp_y kpcpe [d_ p \ey R>. "`fb' "byqL$pi',
"_hQ[_' "ilu]$ NTg' hNfdp [d_p gMp A_ L$pep L$pri[ \ep R>.
1959dp "NyS>fp[ kdpQpf' pfp ApeprS>[ "hp[p`^p'dp [d_ Qp\y C_pd
p \ey l[y. kyf _Nfdp ApeprS>[ dOpZu hp[p k`^pdp [d_ uSy> C_pd
dey l[y. 1958-59dp dybC kdpQpf ApeprS>[ bpm hp[p `^pdp [d_
NZ_p`p Ahy \d `pqf[prjL$ dey l[y. [d_p L$pri[ `y[L$pdp "$di:'
dp_p BdS> (1978) L$pekNl, "lpBa_' (1982) [pL$p kNl (NyS>fp[u_p
\d [pL$p kNl), "dp_p-BdS> 79' (kl k`p]$_), "hpl c hpl' (1979)
kl-k`p]$_, "NTg_u Apk`pk' (1983) kl-k`p]$_, N|X$ dpr_N [pL$p
(1984) k`p]$_ ([pL$p_y \d NyS>fp[u k`p]$_), "rNfp _]$u_ [uf' (1987)
klk`p]$_ A_ "d CR>pAp kyL$php d|L$u R>' L$pe kNl R>. S>_ "yd_ kpkpeV$u
Apa CrX$ep' pfp AhpX$ p \ep R>.
ilu]$ NTg 49 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 (1)
NpW$ R>pX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
[ X$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
L$L$ [f[u rldrigp dyS>dp hk
[m\u [pX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
MuZdp lz L$ p C _p `X$ O p ky Z u
`pk ]$pX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
ep]$ Aph ApS> `| _ d R> afu
ApM MpX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
hN N N p M| b Mugu Apcdp
rQ QpX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep
Ape_pdp tbb `pX $ Ape_p
tbb apX$u_ NTg gM[p Nep.
(3)
^|S>[u `Z ApQ gC bW$p R>uA
]$ u hX$ p Ap `p Q gC b W $ p R>uA
kph ku^u f M S> h u tS>]$ N u
L$epL$ \pX$p MpQ gC bW$p R>uA
i]$ - dp [ u Ap N Z h f pe
l k S> h u Qp Q gC b W $ p R>uA
qS>]$Nu_p kpf [d_ Ap`y, gp.
dpX$ `f lf Q gC bW$p R>uA
i]$ [pep, L$k L$fu ep A_
[ kpd V$ p Q gC b W $ p R>uA
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
Ap N muAp lp\ $ d pg hmu
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u
d S > `f_u X$ p efu e Mmcmu
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u dk| f Ly $ f i u
d e , A d p dp _ gu^y kp L $ m u
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u
kp S >_p k| e fQu ep Ap L $ m u
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u
L $ L $ [ d p duZbu `uNmu
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u
A d kfhpZu afu Aphu dmu
hp[ epf ApS> [pfu _uL$ m u
L$V$gpL$ kS>L$p Ahp lpe R> S> Ly$Vy$b_u kiL$[ kprlseL$ `f`fp_ V$L$phu
(4) fpM R>. kprle_p kL$pfp [d_ bpm`Z\u S> `p \ep lpe R>. dk|f
Ly$fiu Ahp kS>L$pdp_p AL$ R>. dp cph_Nf S> _lv kdN NyS>fp[_p \d
A d gpN R> Oph KX$ p R>
kph kp]$ p b_ph KX$ p R> `s[_p NTgL$pf bfL$[ rhfpZu "bapd'_p NTgNyfy u qL$d[ Ly$fiu_p
ky`| Ahp dk|f Ly$fiu r`[p_p NTghpfkp mhu_ NyS>fp[u NTg_u khp
fp[fpZu amudp Mugu R> L$fhp [`f R>. bu ApN$ 1951dp cph_Nfdp S>dgp u dk|f Ly$fiu_p
`Z amu_p Acph KX$ p R> Aepk dp dqV$L$ ky^u_p lphp R>[p [dZ Mp_]$p_u [lTub A_ `f`fp_
[ Zu cep cep kd mhu_ Dd NTgp_y kS>_ L$ey R>. cph_Nf dlp_Nf `prgL$pdp hjp ky^u
[_p lphcph KX$ p R> khpAp Ap`u [ r_h \ep R>. [d_p \d NTg kNl "[pS>Nu' 1990dp
gpN[p X$ f d_ [p epgu_p L$pri[ \ep l[p. NyS>fp[u cpjp_p Dd rhhQL$pdp \p_ ^fph[p X$p. rh_p]$
]$ p [, A R> V $ L $ p h KX$ p R> iu_u `[ph_p [ kNl_ p \C l[u. Dd]$p es[h ^fph[p NTgL$pf
A_ NTg Aphp]$L$ u ]$p_ hpOgp [d_p AN[ rdpdp_p AL$ R>. dk|f
^pf L $ d NTg_ R>p X $ u R>
Ly$fiu_ NyS>fp[u NTg_p \d L$pqV$_p NTgL$pfp N_u ]$lvhpgp, Ad[ Opeg,
`Z _p, A _ p gNph KX$ p R> .
fpS> iyL$g D`fp[ Dd]$p Nu[L$pf rh_p]$ iu_u kp\ AL$ dQ `f NTg`W$_
L$fhp_y kpcpe [d_ p[ \ey R>.
50 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 51 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 (1)
My]$ L$ My]$pdp [_ p _lv fl,
ApNm S>hp_p L$pC `Z f[p _lv fl !
p_u kp\ fpM kb| f u _ C g ,
f[p_u hQ L$epe `Z Adp _lv fl !
_ftkl-dufp_p fN `pL$p QX$u Nep
Qpepku gpM_p `R>u ^$p _lv fl !
dNS>m_ C ]$pX$[p lfZp_ C g,
[|V$u Neg h__p ^bp _lv fl !
"Apri[' NTg Ap [pfu R> kd S>i b^p,
AL$p]$ [yS> NTgdp dL$[p _lv fl !
(3)
ApV$gp A^pf\u Ncfpe L$p ?
AL$ dy$u AprNep g `pW$hy !
L $ V $ g u _p ^ p L$ f u'[u hp Q S> ,
X$ p efu_p lp r kep g `pW$ h y !
lz AqL$Q_ iy [_ Ap`u iLy$ ?
u khp_ kpr\ep g `pW$hy !
ilf_p Alkpk [y `pdu S>i,
Ap _dy_p, QpqX$ep g `pW$hy !
gM _hu "Apri[' afu L$pC NTg
kph _h[f L$ p qaep g `pW$ h y
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
lp\dp Ap`y L$ g d L$ p Nm gMp ,
R> [ fpep L $ V $ g p `m `m gMp !
tS>]$ N u_y _pd buSy > L $ C _\u,
S>m gMp kp\ OZy dNS>m gMp !
fp[, kpV$ p , AS> ` p , NfZ,
d_ l[y _ L$V$gu Mmcm gMp !
fL$ [ f r S>[ `N gC Qpep L$ e y ,
dpN d p L$ p V $ p l[p L $ h m, gMp !
i]$ "Apri[' AL$ _p bpgu iL$ep,
ApMdp ep l[p hp]$m gMp !
(4)
X$pm V$Ngu lpe, bV$L$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
pk A[qfepm AV$L$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
Ap M _ hf]$ p _dp L $ h m dep R> Ay A p
Myiu Aph _ R>gL$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
fp S > ^f[uL $ ` S> h y L $ C L$ \p[y lp e R> ,
Z kp ]$uhpg akL$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
ge `f A L $ p N r$ lp e _ AZtQ[ey
lp\dp\u [uf R>V$L$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
b^ ApMp lpe _ AL$p[ "Apri[' lp R>[p,
ep_dp\u rQ cV$L$u e [p iy \C iL$ ?
56 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
bpb| fpW$p X $ "bpby '
eyhp_ he NTgkp^_p L$fu V|$L$p Npmpdp Dd NTgp_y kS>_ L$f_pfp
NTgL$pfpdp 1965dp R>$u Arg S>dgp bpby fpW$pX$_p _pd_u NZ_p
\pe R>. "bpby'_p D`_pd\u NTgkS>_ L$f_pf Ap kS>L$ bu.L$pd, ky^u_p
Aepk L$ e p R> . hprZe rhje kp\ _p[L$ \ep lp h p R>[p [ d _u
kprleur[ A_fu R>. ApfuAV$g Beyfk L$`_u rgrdV$X$dp AL$pDV$V$
[fuL$ kyf_Nfdp khpAp Ap`_pf bpby fpW$pX$_ k_ 2008dp cpf[ue
]$rg[ kprle AL$p]$du-_hu q]$lu pfp agpiu` AhpX$ p \ep l[p. fpS>
iyL$g, S>hplf bnu, rQ_y dp]$u, fpS>i epk "rdL$u_' S>hp NTgL$pfp kp\
NTg`W$_' L$fhp_y kpcpe [d_ p \ey R>. kyf_Nf_u kprle k\p
"i]$gpL$' kp\ kL$mpegp u bpby fpW$pX$_p \d NTg kNl NyS>fp[
kprle AL$p]$du_p Apr\L$ klepN\u "Alv\u ep ky^u' _pd 2007dp
L$pri[ \ep l[p. `f`fpN[ NTg_ hfgp bpby fpW$pX$ NTg_u ri[_ hap]$pf
fl [p crhe_p NyS>fp[_p Dd kS>L$pdp [ \p_ `pdi Ahu Apip W$Npfu
_uhX$ Ad _\u S>. "ilu]$ NTg' kp\ [Ap pfc\u S> kL$mpegp fp
lphp_p Ap_]$ R>. [d_p NTg kNl "Alv\u [lv'_u epe _p^ ghpe Ahp
[ NTgL$pf R>.
ilu]$ NTg 53 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 (1)
h ] $ _ p_p rh[f g p fZ l[p
A S> fp h p_p Mfp L$ p fZ l[p
l k gp A _ QZu iL$ e p _lv
hp[h [p Apky dpfp QZ l[p
Ap M M| g u_ flu NC i| e[p
h_ S>hp Ad_p kN`Z l[p
L$C Ad[p q]$g \L$u _p[p _\u
gp l u $ ` ] $ l dp dfZ l[p
"bpb|' A `Z \C Nep R> `pfL$p
S> lep[u_p Mfp L$ p fZ l[p .
(3)
Apa[p O f u hm g u kp m d hj d_ . .
l NTg ! [y kp`X$gu kpmd hj d_..
Apkdp_u AL$ `uX$p Of L$fu N cu[f,
h_$ ` S> dm g u kp m d hj d_ . .
lp\ R|>V$ep cpm`Z_p `\fp_u cuX$dp,
i| e[p O f u hm g u kp m d hj d_ . .
Qpg[p W$pL$f _X$u _ kp`X$u dpOu S>Zk,
i]$\u cfQL$ cfgu kpmd hj d_..
Ap [fa ENu Nfubu, d A_p A [fa,
`y[[p L$ep kp`X$gu kpmd hj d_..
V$fhp_ epf\u gpNu Nep R> i]$ hp,
Op[ ""bpby'' _X$gu kpmd hj d_..
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
Mp a M| g A pd O| d R> _Nfdp . .
`\fp `Z ApS> [p ^|S> R> X$fdp..
A L $ b ^dL$ u _ Aahp_p ^| d pX$ p ,
dpZkp [p W$uL$, R> Cf Akfdp..
^d _ u Tpdf R> Ap[ L $ _ u Ap M ,
y $ f [p_ L$ e p L$ i y Aph _S>fdp ?
dpZkp bbk OZp L$Zku fp R>,
S> _\u ApTp]$ `p [ p_p S> Ofdp . .
A L $ k fMp fp S >_p AMbpf gpN ,
fp S >_p gp l u DL$ p mp R> Mbfdp . .
(4)
[_p Ap^pf g
lz afy Ry > cpf g
Al d _p kp ey R>
iy gXy $ [ghpf g ?
c V $ h y L$ p _ Alv ?
kp Ecp R> M pf g .
_p X$ f php ]$ ` Z p
dy S > kdp ApL$ p f g
[ R>m_u R> b^
lz afy Ry > lpf g
dp [ dpfy ES>hp
Ap k y _ p iZNpf g
54 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
Apri[ l ] $fpbp]$u
Dd L$pf_y NTgkS>_ A_ NTgrhhQ_ L$ey lphp R>[p AL$ L$ bu L$fpZkf
NyS>fp[u NTgL$pfp_p \pr`[ kd|l pfp D`rn[ flgp kS>L$pdp L$pC_u NZ_p
L$fhu lpe [p [ _pd R> Apri[ l]$fpbp]$u_y. NTg_u `f`fp_ hap]$pf flgp Ap kS>L$_p
S>d 1937dp `pqL$[p__p tk^ l]$fpbp]$dp 25du dpQ \ep l[p. ^d rl]y$ A_
ApMy _pd L$pV$L$ kyfiQ ipdcpB lphp R>[p "Apri[' lpbp]$u D`_pd_ L$pfZ
OZp NTgL$pfp [ dysgd lphp_u R>p` ^fph R>. dqV$L$-rl]$u L$prh]$ ky^u_p Aepk
L$f_pf u "Apri[' kplb cpf[ kfL$pf_p "gOy DpN khp k\p_'dp Bdp_]$pfu
A_ Mydpfu`|hL$ ky]$uO khpAp Ap`u AprkV$V$ X$pefL$V$f (AX$rdr_V$i_)_p lpp
`f\u hR>uL$ r_hr gu^u l[u. lpg [Ap dybCdp \peu R>.
"Apri[' kplb_p Aepf ky^udp 14 S>V$gp `y[L$p L$pri[ \ep R>. S>dp
dprgL$ L$pi_pdp "AphN' (NTg-dyL$[L$ kNl 1970), "lhpdp klu' (NTg-
lTg-[Tdu_-Nu[p - V$uep - dp_p BdS> - AR>p]$k - lpCLy$ - [lp hNf
1997) `fZhp_u k ]$u^u (eN [Tdu_ - lTgp 2000), S>hp kNlp D`fp[
"NTg_y _hy NN_', "NTg_u Apk`pk', "pk_p kfhpmp', "f_y Nyf_p_u_u NTgp',
"A]$pT bep', "K^p lp\_u' "NyS>fp[u L$lpr_ep', "rl]y$[p_u kNu[dp NTg
NpeL$u', "hpl ! L$ep A]$pT bep l' "dlqag d', `y[L$p_p kdphi \pe R>. Ap
D`fp[ Aprb]$ kyf[u, q]$_L$f iu, S>er[ Ad. ]$gpg_u _hgL$\pAp_p NyS>fp[udp\u
rl]$udp [dS> rl]$udp\u NyS>fp[udp A_yhp]$ L$fhp_p ei `Z [d_ apm e R>.
"A]$pT bep' A_ "hpl ! L$ep A]$pT bep' Ad_p Ahp `y[L$p R> S> NTgn
_pMu cp[ `pX$_pfp rk \ep R>. "Apri[' kplb dp Dd]$p NTgL$pf-lTgL$pf
S> _\u AV$gp S> Dd]$p dp_hu `Z R>. Aepe kl_ L$fhp Ad_p hcphdp _\u. [
S>V$gp kpgk AV$gp S> hdp_u e Mfp.
ilu]$ NTg 55 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 kep c$ A[u[_y AhNpl_
(1) (2) cph_Nf_p kpglcpC V$u. lpfp "ilu]$ NTg'_p i$Ap[\u S> k> cphL$ fp R>.
klS>, kfg A_ [fg h_ Aphu [y[ Qpgu e R>, S|>_p NTgL$pfp_u Dd fQ_pAp [ ldip dpL$g[p fp R> [dZ NTgkS>L$ "A]$ub' Ly$fiu_u
kp`X$ [p gM NTg lp\[pmu kp_ Ap`u e R>. fQ_p `pW$hu R>. A]$ub Ly$fiu dl}d dyL$rbg Ly$fiu_p rd l[p `f[y cpf[ rhcpS>_ hM[
hfphm R>pX$u_ `pqL$[p__p L$fpQu Mp[ \peu \ep l[p. `qfZpd b_ rdp hQ L$pC k`L$
O L $ O| V $ u [y iL $ , h n \C_ A `R>u ENu iL $ ,
fp _ l[p. ]$frdep_ dyL$rbgcpC_ A]$ub Ly$fiu_y L$fpQu_y AX$k dmu Aph[p AL$ ` gep.
b_phu [pfy d_ Mfg h_ S>_p buS> hphu e R>
` dm[p S> A]$ub Ly$fiuA "L$pNm' f]$ua ^fph[u AL$ fQ_p gMu A_ ` kp\ dyL$rbg
S>N[_ ip_ ]$pj ]$ ? rQ [pfy S> A^| f y flu Ney , Ly$fiu_ cph_Nf `pW$hu Ap`u. S> A kp]$f R>. S>dp L$pqaep_u Qy[u ik_ue R>.
[y [_ klS> b]$g h_ `| f ` | f y ]$ p f u e R> . "L$pNm'
lp Ly $ d pi cu[f lpe, X|$L$p, $p^ , rhde _ e\p, (AL$ rd_p ` dm[p)
[p L$ p ]$ h EN L$ d g h_ rh^rh^ fN hfu e R>. Sy > [S| > S> _ u l[u ApS> A Apep L$ p Nm,
aL$ u f_ [p c ] $ ip ? h__u `vR>u af R> A fu[ i]$ d p _ l _u ky f rc cfu gpep L$ p Nm.
lp T|`X$u L$ lp dlg `i\u [y [fb[f \C e R> lp W $ Qy ep L$ ] $ u , Ap M p \ u gNpep L$ p Nm
hp Q u hp Q u_ `R>u d_dp hkpep L$ p Nm
dm R> `uX$ _ u dTp q]$hk S>_ by]$ `Z dm[y _\u,
L$rh[p Ahu R> dS>g h_dp [ fp[ X|$bu e R>. rhfl_u hpX$ u dp hjp \ u S> hpep L$ p Nm
ApS> am A _ p d^y f [d gC Apep L$ p Nm
X$p. d_pS> iu A _ L $ X $ p ep ]$ e `pV$ u A r_d m cph
A _ c| ep L $ _ d A _ p cy g pep L$ p Nm
(1) (2)
O| d [u Ap M dp gM_pf_u [huf flu
_\u Mug[p lh a}gp, lh TpL$m _\u \p[u dpfp DfT| g Z A fu[ Ty g pep L$ p Nm
_\u hl[p lh TfZp, _]$u MmMm _\u \p[u. V$L$i _lv lh Ap A^pf AL$^pfp !
hpe]$ p \u afu hp_u L$ u ^u L$ p r ii
L$]$u b^pC _ fl[p kb^p_p S> b^_\u ! R> fp i _u_ dpV $ `p L $ p f A L $ ^ pfp A _ A Z S> gM g p d b[pep L$ p Nm
Mbf _tl L$p, lh Ap gpNZu kpL$m _\u \p[u rS>u \ep kde_p [pMpf AL$^pfp rd_p A^ r dg__u A NfS> kpf R>
b^p p_p Dfdp [d `|R>ep afu p ! MQu gNpd Ecp Akhpf AL$^pfp ! ^e R> [ _ L $ S> Z Ap b_pep L$ p Nm
L$iu A hp[ dpfp\u lh ApNm _\u \p[u. A [p Ag`-Tg` _ ALp$ ]$ lpe Ahkf ! gpNZu cu_p Adufkdp Tbp m u_ L$ g d
cg A_p D`f \pXy$ gMu iL$ip [d rdp, `pNg b_u _ dpNp AZkpf AL$^pfp ! gMhp Df lh L$ f dp d DW$ p ep L$ p Nm
R>[p f[u fl f[u, L$]$u L$pNm _\u \p[u ! dey k]$p_y L$pef ! bk AL$ pk apX$ fZTZu EW$ e p ]$ e huZp_p lf [pf "A]$ u b'
[d lpS>f _ lp Ahp, lfp d eyNp kpep _ tS>]$Nu_u kpd, `X$L$pf AL$^pfp ! A L $ rd d_ A gedp ky Z pep L$ p Nm
[dpfu kp\ S> Npmu l[u A "`m' _\u \p[u ! ApM S>X$g Qlfp; le dY$$g ep]$p ! - A]$ub Ly$fiu
Q|X$u hNf lh [p iZNpf AL$^pfp ! (]$r_L$ "h[_' NyS>fp[u by^hpf 12 kV$bf 2001 L$fpQu `pqL$[p_.)
ilu]$ NTg 60 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009 ilu]$ NTg 57 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 Aprb]$ c$
(1)
L$ $ gC, ky M _u `m ` m dp L $ g y ,
S>m L$ l u_ _p L$ ] $ u R>m dp L $ g y .
Ay Apd S> kpfhp_p lp e [p ,
Aph Mpgu A L $ hp]$ m dp L $ g y .
_p fl L$ p C AgN L$ e pf L$ ] $ u ,
bp ^ kp _ _ l kp L $ m dp L $ g y .
[ q]$ h k_p [ S >_ e y li ,
fp[_p lz Qp ] $ Tmlm dp L $ g y .
L$ p g A N , L$ p g Aph , [p L$ l z ,
ApS> [p lz dp AV$ L $ m dp L $ g y .
R> r_f\ L $ fpS>kp, df[bp ,
gpNZu q]$ g _u S> L $ h m dp L $ g y .
R>u` R> _ R>u`dp dp [ u li ,
dfhp \C L$ p Y$ S > [m dp L $ g y .
(3)
Mp g u A [ f pf Cgplu,
L$ f _ b X $ p `pf Cgplu,
`i L$ f u ] $ A h p L $ bk,
fZL $ [pf [pf Cgplu.
Ap`u ] $ bk A L $ TgL$ [y ,
_p dpNy b Qpf Cgplu.
Mpgu Mpgu d kdp Ap,
[pfp rhZ k k pf Cgplu,
\pL$ e p \p \ p D\gphu `Z,
_p `pdy Ry > kpf Cgplu.
_pSy > L$ _dZu _ph dmu R> ,
A d p S>N_p cpf Cgplu !
A [ [p _p dmhp_p lz ,
[y S >dp A L $ p L$ p f Cgplu !
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
`p_Mf `pR>u hmu kpfy \ey ,
`| Z Mugu NC L$ m u kpfy \ey .
lz dfZ_ `| R >hp [p l[p ,
tS>]$ N u f[ dmu kpfy \ey .
h ] $ Np ` u_y q]$ i p c| ey l[y .
ep S > hpNu hp k mu kpfy \ey .
\p[ _p [p a p__p `qfQe d_ ,
Api _p A L $ amu kpfy \ey .
Aph[p AV$ h p[ A `Z dpN d p ,
kp S > _p l g u Y$ m u kpfy \ey .
L$f, kde_p, C_ dyS> lp\dp,
fpM \C ]y $ r _ep bmu kpfy \ey .
by ] $ R>p h ] $ _ p lp W $ Y$ m ,
fp V $ g u gpNu Nmu kpfy \ey .
(4)
hp k mu _uS>_u hNpX $ R> kde,
V $ f h S>N_ fdpX $ R> kde.
_p L$ pdp R> lh A L$ p C _p,
iy Mbf L$ p _ p fhpX $ R> kde ?
gpNZu_u hp[dp cp N u `X $ ,
_ rldpge `Z D`pX $ R> kde.
L$ p m R> bmhp_, `pdf dp_hu,
A DX $ L $ DNpX $ R> , kde.
_ f X $ u _ Ad L$ u ^y R>[p ,
L$ p d dpfy _p NdpX $ R> kde.
`pf h p_ `m `R>u_u _p Mbf,
[p ` dp\ \ u DX$ p X $ R> kde !
58 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
Ak. Ak. fplu
(1) (2)
d]$ c f g u f _ R> qL$fZ_u l}a\u `mdp S> ApN gpNu NC
ApMdp `Z O_ R> _ S>m_u k|[gu CR>p kapmu Nu NC
lz fpS>dpN_ R>pX$u_ Apep Ry> Arlep
R>p`fp _uQ `h_
[dpfu i f u fukpC_ L $ d cpNu NC
L $ V $ g p b Q _ R>
h ] $ _ p A _ u kMu [d [p d_p _p[p e kpQhu _ iL$ep
]$ ] $ [ _ u l _ R> AZu L$V$pfu_u ep lS> Ad\u hpNu NC
kpW$ hj [pS>Nu lz lp[p A^ R>[p _p L$iy e ]$Mpey
A My]$p_u ]$_ R>. [dpfu r$ d_ AL$ nZdp [pNu NC
cfp k p L $ d lz fpMy A tS>]$ N u [pfp
L$ p dWy $ T| L $ u Ney
[uf [pfp _ _ R> dfZ_p b]$gpdp [y L$d dyS>_ dpNu NC
(3) (4)
i|mu D`f QX$phu [y CS>[ L$fu NC
\p` `X$ u _ hpep Y$ p g
A [p L$l : [y L$hu dplb[ L$fu NC d m pdp hy R> ? bp g
Ofdp\u lpf _uL$mu TpMu [y S>fp ey \i [p Y$ p g b_ui
[pfu Ngu S> L$C fu[ rlS>f[ L$fu NC `p$ p R> Ap dpfp L$ p g
gp L $ p _ gpN[y L $ A pQu_ ] $ i R> QfMp b ^ \ep ip\u
S> dpfp DTfX$p_u [y ML$[ L$fu NC
L$ p gp_ [y S>]$ u ap g
dNS>m_y L$epe _pd L$ r_ip_ `Z _\u kOmy Mp V y $ dpa L$ f y
klfpdp d b]$g [y _af[ L$fu NC `Z qL$d[_ kfMu [pg
R> fp[ L$ q]$hk ? d_ [_y _ cp_ R> Afdp _p TpL$ m _pM
"fplu' D`f [y L$hu "ia$[' L$fu NC _rl Qpg Ap `p g ` p g
ilu]$ NTg 59 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 hrQ[ Ly$L$dphpgp lr_a fp
(1) (2) (1) (2)
q]$ip Ap N|d, EX$[u f[, dNS>m `pf fZ bpg lz A_ph [ Erd A p _ h `l f phy NTg_p hpf [pfp kfk, My ] $ p lpqaT
_ bpg dpN, L$X$u L$ rhkpdp ep QfZ bpg kdS>_u `pf_p rh[pf M|g[p J R>y> bpbp ! Ap]$du fZ_p cg `Z Ny_Ny_phyy Nu[ S>g_p. ]$X$]$X$u ^pfu _k, My]$p lpqaT
Nd [ _ L$ f y lz `i ep k N u[ NV $ R> _fu lmhpi_p AZkpf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp ! ^pd ^M[p k|e dp\ _ rhkpdp iL$e L$ep R> ? lp, \hp_y R> ApS> AS>hpmy;
MX$L$_ dedp\u Quf[p MmMm TfZ bpg Ad [p V$fhp_ kpQhu fpep R> gugpR>d, Ap kX$L$_u bD bpSy> dp R> hnp A_g_p. Agrh]$p l [dk, My]$plpqaT
Zedp cp_ Mphp_u nZp hQ Ecgp R> kb^p_p r_f[f pf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp ! ]$p[, A ApMy kfphf ApM\u _u[fu Ney R>, ApS> fpl[ S>fpL$ gpN R> ,
L$iy L$lhpe _ - [ Apd bpg, [d `Z bpg d\pdZ bp]$ `L$X$pep R> L$hm AL$ `X$R>pep,
L$ep lh [f[p dm R> kN`Zp `Z S>g L$dg_p ?! lpe Ar[d q]$hk, My]$p lpqaT
k]$u_p c]$ Ap`pAp` EL$gu e R>, rdp ! Ap A_p L$V$gp ApL$pf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp !
kde `p[ kde L$pY$u_ epf AL$ nZ bpg Qfdkudp ky^u_u s\f[p hQ Ecp Ry> lz,
ie R> dufp ` S>d L$ ] $ u dpfp`Zpdp ; lfdp ApS> gC _uL$ep Ry>,
[y d_ Apd S> L$V$pfp fpS> dpL$gS> Adg_p. pZ$ ` u S>Zk, My ] $ p lpqaT
Ry>`ph gpM dpZk [pe A `fMpC hp_p b^p V$L$p A_ Ap^pf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp !
fl dp_ [p A_y OX$udp ApQfZ bpg d_ kL$ghp bW$p [p kdZu R> ep`L$[p, ]$fAkg A `Z kL$g_ `pdhp_u L$priip R>, Qp ] $ rQ$ p f `u_ Apep R> ,
Qg, ^fp_u L|$Mdp S>C c]$ Mp[fuA A[g_p. ApS>_u fp[ bkMy]$p lpqaT.
R> Ar[d hm Ap kcmpe [p ep kpcmp "hrQ[' ]$e [b|f_p kp [pf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp !
[dpfp pk_p Mcp D`f bku dfZ bpg QfZ L$ p C L $ X $ p f _hu L $ X $ u `R>u Qpgy , A d Ap`y Ry > fhp_u lf [dpipC _e__ , \C _S>f ApS> A_u dpfp`f,
b^p Ap dpN [p Ap `pf M|g[p J Ry> bpbp ! lz ]$e_p lf S>Md_ TpTfp bp^y fdg_p ey N p _ u [fk, My ] $ p lpqaT
fp[_u iy hp[ L$fhu, e R> q]$hkp L$[g_p, ApS> b a pd `u Nep "fp'
"b_' blp]$f`yfu L$d `\f \C Nep R> klz My]$pAp `Z A]$g_p ?! kpdhgu_p fk, My]$p lpqaT,

(1) (2) `L$S> L$`y`fp

_S>f bQph_pf [y S>hpb ]$ d_
L$k|f iu L$fu S>fp rlkpb ]$ d_
_\u QX$p L$ip l Mydpf L$ _ip
lSy>e epk AS> R> ifpb ]$ d_
Qyc_ klui i|m_u b^u e , `R>u
\d d^yf sd[_y Nygpb ]$ d_
l[pi d_ Ql gNuf Api_y qL$fZ
L$y _\u L$]$u e Apa[pb ]$ d_
idu NC b^u lh "b_' ApfTy
blpf_p Mepg L$ _ hpb ]$ d_
ilu]$ NTg
dm ep\u `fpC `uX$ kOfhp_u Ap]$[ R>
Adp_ Ap S>N[\u L$C _hy L$fhp_u Ap]$[ R>
Ad [p `p_Mfdp `pNfgp a}g AgNpfu
hk[u glfMu_p `i\u Mfhp_u Ap]$[ R>
_L$pdp `p'X$ ip ghp Adpf R>uR>fp S>m_p
dm R>p dp[, kpQp `|fdp [fhp_u Ap]$[ R>
L$]$u_p lp\ A Aph R>[p ^fd|m\u Ad_
d Mp[f lhpdp bpQL$p cfhp_u Ap]$[ R>
dip_ gC S> "b_' dyL$V$pV$ bp^u_
Nd ep\u [f[ `pR>p Of afhp_u Ap]$[ R>.
64 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
(1)
`lpX$ _ p `y L $ p f_u AS>b `f ` fp l[u,
[dpd fp[ [ghgpV$ `f qa]$p-qa]$p l[u
`lpX$ MuZdp A_[ A^L$pf gC `X$ep
A MuZ_u [m S> [p k|fS>_u hpf[p l[u.
`lpX$ Qu[ep L$ep agL$ D`f afu afu,
b^e bk `lpX$_u S> cph-crNdp l[u.
`lpX$dp dep r_ip_ [pfu Nbu Qpg_p
bk Apafu_ q]$g_u A `R>u S> kp^_p l[u.
`lpX$_p riMf D`f k|au_y Nu[ NyS>[y, A [ qfn ]| $ f L $ C Mp h pe, _
`lpX$dp S> L$epL$ AL$ i|e_u Nyap l[u.
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
gpNZu S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u,
hp k mu S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u.
d _p ]$ u hp bm l e R>[p ,
Apf[u S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u
ep]$dp Apep L$f L$pC Akfp,
Eh i u S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u.
A [ f A ^ pf rh[f[p fl ,
Qp ] $ _ u S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u.
hp`ku S> h y L$ i y lp [ y _\u.
61 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 cf[ thTyX$p
(1)
My]$_u L$l L$]$uL$ My]$p_u NTg L$l
hQ L$]$u kd[ `_u NTg L$l
AL$ Mpk S>Z dm [p `R>u A_p L$p_dp
bk kpcm [ Ad d_u NTg L$l
Z L$ ApNmu S> Nep R> lhp dlv
[ S>Z S>X$ [p L$hu ]$ip_u NTg L$l
L$pC _\u budpf, b^p MyiMyipg R>
epf aL$ u f L $ d ]y $ A p_u NTg L$ l
hp]$m_u hp[ R> L$ `R>u [pfu T|a_u
q]$g hfk[u L$pmu OV$p_u NTg L$l
dpZk R>, pk gC_ k[[ h[p fl
A\u kyN^_u _ lhp_u NTg L$l
(3)
blpf S> R> A S> Ofdp R> l
My b k| f [ S>Z cu[fdp R> l
\pL$ u _ L$ e p e QfZ AV$ L $ e p _lv
dpN `Z Ad S> kafdp R> l
lz L$ e pd[_u S> CR>pdp hy
A [unp `Z L$ b fdp R> l
lz [_ hjp `R>u _lv Ap m My
A L $ R>bu S| > _u Nfdp R> l
L$ p __p L$ p Qp _ `pL$ p c_p
dpZkp dpfu _S>fdp R> l
Bkrhk_ `| h Alv S> N g l[y
A h y _ A h y _Nfdp R> l
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
aL$[ ep]$ L$f[p S> Aphu NTg
A_ dpfp k`_pAp gphu NTg
Alv L$ p C A S> _ C _\u
Ecu R> [ ApMp rdgphu NTg
AcZ ApNmuApdp Ap`u L$gd
A_ lp\ `L$X$u gMphu NTg
NTg_y e hplfZ \pe R>
L$lp Adp L$pZ bQphu NTg ?
S>[u gC_ A _ p ] $ i p [fa
d_ KOdp \ u DW$ p hu NTg
A_ Ofdp Aphg AL$ tlQL$
T|gpep d_, d Tygphu NTg
(4)
S>hpb Ap`p _lv A_ AL$fpf L$lz
L$fu fp R>p [d A_ Ad epf L$lz
Ecp R>p pf D`f Ad L$epf_p e [d
L$lz S>_pf [dp_ L$ Aph_pf L$lz ?
L$ip e A\dp ApMf afL$ _\u `X$[p
lfhpf L$ l z L $ lz A L $ h pf L$ l z
[dpfu kp\ lz Ry> Ad dpfu kp\ [d
[dpfu [_ lz L$d dpfu lpf L$lz ?
L$lu iL$pe ]$e\u _ lpW$ `f\u `Z
L$lp [d S> cu[f\u L$lz L$ blpf L$lz ?
Cdp_\u e OZp AL$ h[ KQp R>
S>fpe _p Nd epf Cdp_]$pf L$lz !
62 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
rhhL$ d_lf V$gf
(1) (2)
fX$ u fX$ u _ rhM f pB fp[ a} g p `f, Mugu_ kpm L$mpA Tmlm R> Qp]$_u,
Ap Apk R> L$ R> dpfu S> [ a}gp `f. L$C _ L$C blp_y L$fu [yS>_ AX$ R> Qp]$_u.
[d L$lp R>p cg by]$ `Z Ad L$luiy; hNX$pdp _$u [y \C_ hpV$ `\fpC li,
[fu flu R> kL$m L$pe_p[ a}gp `f. A V $ g [p Qp [ fa Ap V$ d V$ d R> Qp ] $ _ u.
`h__ L$p_ dfpX$u_ L$pC kdhp, Q _p Afdp_ h f pep li iy k r $ d p ?
_ MygApd L$f `n`p[ a}gp `f. ap S > [pfpAp _ u gC_ _uL$ m R> Qp ] $ _ u.
bQu Nep R> iy A\u lku fp R> [y ? R> ER>u_y [ S > [p e W$ p f[y , _p bpm[y ,
[|V$p lp[ [p Aphy lkp[ a}gp `f ? gZ-]$Zu_u fkd Nrh[ L$f R> Qp]$_u.
cgp ! _X$p _\u iy L$V$L$p L$]$ue [_ ? Ap Adphk bpfdpku \C d_ `uX$u flu,
afu afu_ [y gph R> hp[ a}gp `f... Qp]$ kd [y NC A q]$' \u L$ep EN R> Qp]$_u ?!
kdekf Aphu QX$u bpNdp [y, kpfy \ey; pkdp dyS> [S>_p ge \C NTg fgpe R>,
_L$f [p iy_y iy ApS> gMp[ a}gp `f ! epf-epf i]$_ dpfp AX$ R> Qp]$_u.
(3) (4)
lpe dpfp ]$pMgp _ [y d\, [pmp dm, L$]$ Ry> k]$uAp\u nZ_p dlgdp,
iL$e[p `|fu R> ep kfhpm NpV$pmp dm. Ry> R>[p L$ep Ry> lz ApMp Mgdp ?
dedp S> ip[ R>, L$pW$ A auZpmp dm, ep]$ d p flz gu_ lz A \ u k]$ p ,
hp[dp ]$qfep_u L$p_u hp[_p [pmp dm ! A dm r_r[ ep nZ hgdp
`pf]$iL$ L$pQ \C_ blpf ep _uL$ep [d ? L$ p L $ f p dpfp [p hl [ y Aphi ,
Ap _Nf R>, Alv iyL$_dp L$pL$fuQpmp dm. fl i bpL$ u b ^ L$ p ed l g dp .
ApS> S> X$pm lp du cuX$ V$lzL$pAp_u ep, gpNu Apey Apk_, EX$u Ney...
ie R> ep L$pg _p dpmp, _p Nfdpmp dm. a} g My b| _ L$ y iy N g dp ?
fpl _ufM R> k]$uAp_u _`ykL$ qa[f[p, [ _S>f ^kdk[u dpX$u dpfp `f,
Ap k]$u_ L$epf A_p dpV$u d|R>pmp dm ? iy [Zphp_y bQ Ap f g dp ?
iL$e[pAp p` `pdu hpTZu lphp_p ep, ApV$ g p hj e kdey _lv,
A S> dpfp Ofdp CR>pAp bQfhpmp dm. cpmu iy NC'[u [y Ap fMX$gdp ?
ApY$u_ kyf[u` Mygp af R> i]$ kp, pk_u S>d S> b_ Ar_hpe S>
Q[ ! ApNm NTgdp iL$e R>, Npmp dm. i]$ Ahp L$ep dm R> lgdp ?
ilu]$ NTg 63 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 A`i L$mkqfep
[fk [ ApMdp Ap lfZ b[pep R> !
d_ [ TpThp, [jp _ fZ b[pep R> !
_\u lz hpkmuhpmp L$ ip[ fpMu iLy$,
d_ [ e\ Ap Y$pfp_p ^Z b[pep R> !
DMX$u cv[\u Mpgu`Zp_p dg k[[,
A[u[ Mp[fu, duW$p dfZ b[pep R> !
QfZ L$ l z L $ L$ l z gpL$ X $ u _u gpQpfu,
rhL$`dp [ QfZ_p, QfZ b[pep R> !
]$u^y R> k|e_ A^pfy A_u R>p[u `f,
QmL$[p Q_ AZ NlZ b[pep R> !
lufpgpg "rQfpN'
X|$b[p _ AL$ [fZp_p klpfp Qpgi
fpl c|ep _ S>fp kfMp Bipfp Qpgi
fpM [y [pfuS> `pk Qdp _ Qp]$_u
l NN_ Ad_ [p bk Mf[p rk[pfp Qpgi
`pfL$u ApipAp _ Afdp_ Ad_ _p M`
b OX$u _p kp\ k\hpfp [dpfp Qpgi
X|$b[p _ `|R>u : iu ApMfu R> ApfTy
_p dm R>p _ M|]$p A_ qL$_pfp Qpgi
L$pZ
L$l R> fp[cf ""rQfpN'' [y S>g[p fl
fpi_u _p AL$ TNdN[p TNpfp Qpgi.
lfh_ ]$paX$p
(1)
`pduA A`dp_ `ump `p_ S>d S>
huA dfhp `X$gp p_ S>d S>
`pgh L$ e p \ u ]$ f _hf_p
Ah[fgp lpCA Bkp_ S>d S>
W$ p ghu g h pe kOmu k ` ]$ p Ap
bp]$ d p a L $ p BA L $ [ p_ S> d S>
d_ `X$ [ gpL$ g|V$u e Myb|
_ Ad bm[p fp gpbp_ S>d S>
^d _pd S>_u `pk dyMhV$p R>
A S> h[ R> Alv lhp_ S>d S>
(2)
c|M\u V$mhm \[p Qlfp _S>f kpd S> R>
A_ cX$pfp D`f `lfp _S>f kpd S> R>
^|m Mp[p ApS> `Z Ecp Adg_u fpldp
Q|V$Zu `|h_p Y$Y$fp _S>f kpd S> R>
L$pfdu Qukp e ep A\X$pC_ `pR>u af
Ap]$du A L$p__p blfp _S>f kpd S> R>
R> L $ R> h pX $ Ecp lz L$ p C _ ] $ M pJ _
dpZkp L$C dy$u KQfp _S>f kpd S> R>
_L$ S>hu tS>]$Nu hu fp gpL$p OZp
Anfp "cpf[ dlp_ dfp' _S>f kpd S> R>

kyr_g ipl
lz cg_ Apcdp EX$hp_ Alv knd _\u,
`Z, ^fp `f `pM agphu iLy$ A L$d _\u.
pk `pMpdp ]$bphu X$pm `f T|g rhlN,
Ae Z R>, Alv flhp_y [p L$ped _\u.
dpfp _pSy>L$ `i\u rhlhm re [y _p \[u,
lz [_ [fR>pXy$ Ahu hp[dp L$ ]$d _\u.
h__u kp\ b_phu fpMhp ]|$fu Ad,
`p`Zp fpMu R> Mygu, A_p L$pC Nd _\u.
dp rh[fhy L$ipe L$pd_y lp[y _\u,
fZ, [y `Ngp kpQhu iL$hp l knd _\u.
ilu]$ NTg
L$rh[p dpe
ep[_p epf L$]$u l]$\u h^pf \pe R>,
Quk A_u ep]$$` Qp[fa `X$Ope R>.
lp\\u R|>V$ A_ [|V$ S>$fu `Z _\u,
L$pC ]$ ApOp[ _ q]$g kph [|V$u e R>.
^pfhy [pfy A_ dpfy L$ ] $ u Mp V y $ `X $ ,
^pfZp kp\ Alv `pkp b^p `gV$pe R>.
L$pC kd _p iL$ey [pfy dfZ fV$[p flu.
L$pC kdS> R> [_ A L$ep L$]$u kde R>.
tS>]$Nu Mpgu flu kd `f L$]$u Aphu _lv,
[|V$[p ge S>d k`_p h L$pfu Mpe R>.
68 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
ASy>d DTephu
(1)
a}gp dp $` fN _ Myb| cfu Nep
[pfp cph [y S> Alv `p\fu Nep !
f g p Dk _p lz k]$ p T M [p l[p
Aphu _ Jbfp gNu `pR>p afu Nep !
hfkp]$u kpS>_p OZp kcpfZp l[p
bp EW$phu ep]$ _p, lz ch [fu Nep !
`\fpey dp_ ApNZpdp L$pmu fp[_y
`X$R>pep ]$]$_p afu\u rh[fu Nep !
`Ngp_u R>p`\u lhp kyN^u \ NC,
[pfp L$pC aL$uf rQgp Qp[fu Nep !
Aph R> fpS> ApNZ cpmp `[rNep-,
dpkd ]$uhpg `f [y _hu rQ[fu Nep !
d_dp ]$uhp_Nu `R>u lg QX$u l[u,
[pfp rhepN AL$ `m dp Apkfu Nep !
"ASy>d' NTg khu R> k|au rdS>\u,
`pZu_y `pZu dp`hp L$prii L$fu Nep !
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
lp\ Mpgu ApS> [p gbphu
bpfZp ApL$pi_p MMX$phu ,
Ap`i `Z dpN_pfp C A
[y L$]$u Agpl_ AS>dphu !
_pd gM dpfu [fk_y gplu\u
[y `R>u hfkp]$ _ bp g phu
Ap A_y k ^ p_ R> [L$ ] $ u f_p
L $ V $ g p Nd R> [_ , h Q phu
Quk TuZu fpS> `\fdp EN
c]$ iy R> [y L$]$u kdhu !
A L $ dy $ u pk_u kp N p[ R>
tS>]$Nu_ Apk\u kfMphu !
Oph Tug A S > ky ] $ f \ iL $ ,
Ap L$kb _ [y lh A`_phu !
L$pZ dmhp Aphi "ASy>d'_
[y kde_p k[_ `|R>phu !
65 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
 S>gpg d[p_ "S>gpg'
(1)
lp W $ hQ hp[_ ]$ p bu _ g !
ie R> L$ lpW$ A kpMu _ g !
`dp hjp _ u O| V $ u h ] $ _ p !
Ap fu[ D[phm hp Q u _ g !
C [y _rl Ap` [p e Qpgi !
`Z ]y $ A pdp \ u L$ i y L$ p Y$ u _ g !
hhp dpV $ klpfp C A !
` `pR>p - |$f \C - dpNu _ g !
lz l DS>X$ A_ h f p_ Ry > !
[y _S>f_ Ap fu[ hpmu _ g !
R> ""S>gpg'' kOmu NTgdp [y S> [y !
Ap NTg AMbpf\u apX$u _ g !
dltkl A_. `qY$epf
(1)
A L $ g p cuX$ hQ b_phu Nep,
rh ApMy ]$edp kdphu Nep.
R> rhQpfpe bmL$V$ `h_ S>V$gp,
]$ p f AZ]$ u W$ bp ^ u QNphu Nep.
d _u A [fk [p h^u A V $ g u,
A L $ pk d_ NV$ N V$ p hu Nep.
L$pC L$pfZ hNf `Z qfkphy Nd,
L $ V $ g p d -`| h L $ d_phu Nep !
dp dfZ S> "dfdu' Nygpbu _\u,
$ b $ `Z ky N ^ khu Nep.
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
]y$r_epdp L$epe dpfy L$ep Of \C iL$ R> !
`Z ep fly ep ]y$r_ep ky]$f \C iL$ R> !
W$pL$f b_u_ ep-ep A\X$pe R> `f[y -
`\f he ^pf, Cf \C iL$ R> !
Of\u S> W$ p L $ f p[y a L $ p e R> h_dp -
A L$ep S>C_ L$epf kf \C iL$ R> ?
[y q]$gNu _ Aphu L$fS> L$]$u Zedp !
L$ e p f L$ h dpfp Af \C iL $ R> !
q]$gdp ""S>gpg'' d [p ]y$r_ep AgN hkphu!
S> blpf _p \ey [ A]$f \C iL$ R> !
R> Apd [p cV$L$[y h_ ""S>gpg'' dpfy -
qL$[y NTg_ gu^ Ap]$f \C iL$ R> !
(2)
Aphu [fk byTph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
kpd S> lpe hph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
bk [_p S> h_ C fpQ[p fp k]$p,
lpfu Neg ]$ph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
dvQg ApM\u ]$X$ R> Ay b|]$ AL$-b,
Mpbp cfu fX$ph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
Qplu [_ Mfp ]$e\u ke AS> lp `R>u,
[pfu S> L$pC fph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
"dfdu' fl _ ]|$f _ A `pk `Z _ Aph[u,
R> L$V$gp gNph lz L$ep\u [_ L$lu iLy$ ?
66 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
ap$L$ ipl
(1)
e\ rhh i _u L$ \ p [pfu
k]$ u Ap S| > _u dm M[p [pfu
kOm C hep `|fb-`rd
Zu L $ d e _ e\p [pfu
L $ h y [faX$ h y , L $ h y V$ m hmhy
lp e iy bp g , B[lp [pfu
a f _S>fp _ p _S>fdp fpep
_p L$ p C Q| L $ Ae\p [pfu
`pf b p X $ \C S>i rhQfZ
s\f L$ f ` hu_ S>fp [pfu
kpNf _hkpfhu
(1)
R> S>_d `pR>m dfZ [p e dN_
Z L$hu lpe R> q]$g_ AN_ !
L$ p C _y L$ p ed L $ C fl [ y _\u
[p e L$Z L$Z kOfu fpQ R> d_ !
R> Mbf L $ h n -am Mpi L$ p C ,
[p e dpmu d \u tkQ Qd_ !
]$ p N ]$ ` Z _p L$ p C ^p h _lv,
_ r[tbb b^p ip ^ Ad_ !
_hf N R> dp_h fL$ [ dp ,
lpe R> d_dp OZp, Cep, AN_ !
_p L$ p C qf[p _ "kpNf' ApfT|
[p e `f ]y$:M k[[ R>gL$ _e_ !
ilu]$ NTg
(2)
Ak e hp]$ [pmh Qp V $ g p lp e R>
_ h ]$ p X $ u ]$ p X $ u _ lp a g p lp e R>
Ap `pf L$ Ap `pf_u L$p_ q]$ip `|R>p ?
hvV$ p mpC_ ^y d pX $ kp b W $ g p lp e R>
Ofdp\u ]$pX$u Aph b^p-Ahu ^pfZp
Mp V $ u W$ f , _ bpfZp hpk g p lp e R>
S>_p\u ApMp Qpmu l[u A S> lp\, ]$p[ !
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67 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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72 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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Z `Z ApNp[fu L$ep\u L$fy ?
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ilu]$ NTg 69 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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70 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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ilu]$ NTg 71 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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75 S|>_$$-ApN$ 2009
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"bl]$t`Nm' - fp. rh. `pW$L$ (C.k. 1955) (4) NTg_y R>]$ip - S>rde[ `X$ep
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L$pr[gpg L$pgpZu (C.k. 1972) (7) "NTg_y t`Nmip' - iL$ug L$p]$fu (1994)
(8) "NTg_y L$pqaepip' - iL$ug L$p]$fu (1994) (9) "kdA NTg_p ge'-
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